urbanism presentation

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ECOLOGICAL URBANSIM “Why Ecological Urbanism? Why Now?”(p12) “Preamble-The world’s population continues to grow, resulting in a strady migration from rural to urban areas. Increased numbers of people and icites go hand in hand with a greater exploitation of the world’s limited resources. Every year, more cities are feeling the devastating impacts of this situation. What are we to do? What means do we have as designers to address this challenging reality?”(p12) Edit by Moshen Mostafavi with Gareth Doherty Harvard University Graduate School of Design

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Page 1: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIM

“Why Ecological Urbanism? Why Now?”(p12)

“Preamble-The world’s population continues to grow, resulting in a strady migration from rural to urban areas. Increased numbersof people and icites go hand in hand with a greater exploitation of the world’s limited resources. Every year, more cities are feeling the devastating impacts of this situation. What are we to do? What means do we have as designers to address this challenging reality?”(p12)

Edit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Page 2: Urbanism Presentation

“but there remains the problem that the moral imperative of sustainability and, by implication. of sustainable design, tends to supplant disciplinary contribution. Thus sustainable design is not always seen as representing design excellence or design innovation. This situation will continue to provoke skepticism and cause tension between those who promote disciplinary knowledge and those who push for sustainability, unless we are able to develop novel aways of design thinking that can contribute to both domains.”(p13)

“The second issue concerns scale...... because the challenges of rapid urbanization and limited global resources have become much more pressing, there is a need to �nd alternative design approaches that will enable us to consider the large scale di�erently that we have done in the past.”(p13)

“this book is to provide that framework-a framework that through the conjoining of ecology and urbanism can provide the knowledge, method, and clues of what the urban can be in the years to come.”(p13)

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Page 3: Urbanism Presentation

“As important as the question of energy is today, the emphasis quantity–––on energy reduction–––obscures its relationship with the qualitative value of things.”(p17)

imagining an urbanism that is other than the status quo requires a new sensibility–––one that has the capacity to incorporate and accommodate the inherent con�ictual conditions between ecology and urbanism. This is the territory of ecological urbanism.(p17)

There Naratives: 1.connection between the invasion of iraq and the oil boom in Alberta. 2.a high-rise residence in Mumbai for one of India’s richest tycoon. 3.Grow your own, which chronicles the progress of a group of traumatized asylum-seekers as they work their inner-city allotment gardens in Liverpool.

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Page 4: Urbanism Presentation

Guattari’s The Three Ecologies, a profound yet concise manifestation of a relational and holistic approach to our understanding ofecological issues.(p22)

...ecological urbanism can be seen as a means of providing a set of sensibilities and practices that can help enhance our approaches to urban development. ....it utilizes a multiplicity of old and new methods, tools, and techniques in a cross-disciplinary and collaborative approach toward urbanism developed through the lens of ecology. These practices must address the retro�tting of existing urban conditions as well as our plans for the cities of the future.(p26)

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Page 5: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

High Line Park the park produces a di�erent experience of the city

Parc de la Villette by OMA & Tschumi

these examples are suggestive of the potential of an ethico-aesthetic design practice that brings together architecture, landscape architecture and urbanism.

Page 6: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

“each individual discipline is of limited value in responding to the range and diversity of contemporary urban issues.”(p29)

“the trans-disciplinary approach of ecological urbanism gives designers a potentially more fertile means of addressing the challenges facing the urban environment.” (p29)

“another key characteristic of ecological urbanism is its recognition of the scale and scope of the impact of ecology, which extend beyond the urban territory......we must be aware of the dynamic relationships, both visible and invisible, that exist among the various domains of l larger terrain of urban as well as rural ecologies.”(p29)

Page 7: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

e.g. Andrea Branzi “proposed an adaptive urbanism based on their symbiotic relationship....its capacity to be reversible, evolving, and provisory.”(p30)

waste production in NY“we must �nd new ways not only of dealing with the problems of waste management and recycling but also of addressing garbage more forensically, for traces, clues of what we are doing to ourselves.”(p36)

“Havana urban allotments and other forms of productive urban landscapes are being cultivated in a more large-scale and commercial manner than ever before.”(p36)

“Detroit has been the site of various experiments in urban farming on the ever-expanding terrain between the remnants of its residential fabric.”(p36)

“New Orleans is ripe for such a project––for an urbanism that can address the vast areas of sparsely populated territory with productive and other forms of biologically diverse urban landscapes just as e�ectively as it can those areas still populates by a resilient community.”(p39)

“many African cities points to the importance and value of participatory and activists planning by citizens. This type of bottom-up, “extraterritorial” urbanism, developed outside conventional legal and regulatory frameworks, often produces novel and ingenious solutions to urban life.” (p40)

Page 8: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

“Ecological urbanism must provide the necessary and emancipatory infrastructures for an alternative form of urbanism, one that brings together the bene�ts of both bottom-up and top-down approaches to urban planning.”(p40)

“ecological urbanism not take the form of �xed rules but promote a series of �exible principles that can be adapted to the circumstances and conditions of a particular location. ”(p40)

“Today we face a situation where there is an erasure of di�erentiation and a surprising degree of apparent sameness of conditions and circumstances connected to urban development in various parts of the world.” (p44)

“Gregory Bateson, maintaining �exibility of ideas, systems, and actions was like being a tightrope-walker: to remain on the wire, you have to continually shift from one condition of instability to another, adjusting certain variables along the way.”(p44)

Page 9: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

chantal Mou�e : “the political, I refer to the dimension of antagonism which I take to be constitutive of human societies; while by politics, I refer to the set of practices and institution through which an order is created, organizing human coexistence in the context of con�iction provide by the political.”(p48)

“we have to pay greater attention to the role of the urban as the urban as the provider of spaces of di�erence and disagreement.”(p48)

chantal Mou�e : “instrad of trying to design institutions which, through supposedly impartial procedures, would reconcile all interests and values, the aim of all who are interested in defending and radicalizing democracy should be to contribute to the creation of vibrant, agonistic public spaces where di�erent hegemonic political projects could be confronted.”(p48)

“Guattari’s conception of an ethics of the ecological is an inherently political project with a commitment to countering the global dominance of capitalism.” (p50)

“In this context, it is now up to us to develop the aesthetic means–the porjects-that propose alternative, inspiring, and ductile sensibilities for our ethico-political interacions with the environmrnt.”(p50)

Page 10: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIM

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIM

ANTICIPATE

COLLABOTATE

COLLABOTATE

COLLABOTATE

ADAPT

INCUBATE

INTERACT

MOBILIZE

MEASURE

SENSE

CURATE

PRODUCE

PRODUCE

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Page 11: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Anticipate

advancement versus Apocalypse

Zeekracht

Mumbai on My mind:Some Thoughts on Sustainability

Urban Earth: Mumbai

Notes on the Third Ecology

social Inequality and Climate Change

For a Post-Environmentalism: Seven Suggestions for a New Athens Charter and The Weak Metropolis

Weak Work:Andrea Branzi’s “Weak Metropolis” and the Projective Potential of an “Ecological Urbanism”

From “sustain” to “Ability”

Forty Years Later-Back to a Sub-lunar Earth

Page 12: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Collaborate

Art Fieldwork

Ecological Urbanismand/as Urban Metaphor

Black and White in Green Cities

The Return of Nature

Urban Ecological Practices: Felix Guattari’s Three Ecologies

Retro�tting the City

Productive Urban Envionments

Page 13: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Sense

The City from the perspective of the Nose

“our sanitized cities are depriving us of the chance to use our noses for navigation and information. What are we missing out on here? THe 5 percent of our genes that are related to smell are not called into play. What would happen if the nose started to play a role equal to those of the eyes and ears in the process of perception, navigation, and communication?”(p146)

Urban Earth: Mexico City

CitySense: An urban-scale Sensor Network

Eat Love

Self-Engineering Ecologies

There’s More to Green than Meets the Eye: Green Urbanism in Bahrain

Play Me, I’m Yours

Mapping Main Street

Page 14: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Curating Resources

The sea and Monsoon Within: A Mumbai Manifesto

Transcendent Eco-cities or Urban Ecological Security?

New Waterscapes for Singapore

To Raise the water level in a Fishpond

Envisioning Ecological Cities

Return to Nature

Harmonia 57

Grounding a Sustainable Urban Strategy

Center Street Plaza

Curate

Page 15: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

energy production and self-sustained system eco-city

Energy Sub-structure, Supra-structure, INfra-stracture

Wave Farm

CR Land Guanganmen Green Technology Showroom

Aux Fermes, Citoyens!

Local River: Home Storage Unit for Fish and Greens

Soft Cities

The Zenfactory

Logrono Eco-city

The Big-foot Revolution

La Tour Vivante, Eco-tower

Produce

Page 16: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Management Challenges in Urban Transformation: Organizing to Learn

“complex organizations are those with many interconnected parts that must coordinate to achieve intended outcomes. Cities surely qualify, introducing the added complexity of multiple interconnected organizations-homes, workplaces, stores, schools, government agencies-that must transform in compatible ways to produce the sustainable urban systems of the future. No one knows how to get this done, but it is clear that it cannot be achieved without both innovation and collaboration. it is alsoclear that the transformation cannot be centrally planned and controlled.”

Collaboration. Iteration. knowledge sharing.

“Ecological Urbanism will take shape through distributed collaborative learning. Cities must transform project-by-project(collaboration by collaboration), creating and implementing new technologies and new social contracts through which the promise of ecological urbanism may be realized. Designers must emerge as leaders engaging others’ hearts and minds in the uncertain journey ahead.”

Air Puri�cation in Cities

Social Justice and Ecological Urbanism

Governing the Ecological City

Underground Future

Temperate and Bounded

Bioinspired Adaptive Architecture and sustainability

Collaborate

Page 17: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Interact

urban Ecology and the Arrangement of Nature in Urban Regions

The Agency of Ecology“the �eld was shifting away from an understanding of systems that attempt to achieve a predictable equilibrium or steady-state condition to systems typically in states of change, adapting to subtle or dramatic changes in inputs, resources, and and climate. Adaptation, appropriation, and �exibility became the hallmarks of successful systems as it is through ecosystems’ ability to respond to changing environmental conditions that they persist.”(p325)

New York City Infrastructure

Rede�ning Infrastructure

User-Generated Urbanism

Situating Urban Ecological Experiments in Public Space

A Holistic View of the Urban Phenomenon

Gwanggyo New City Park System

A Methodology for Urban Innovation

Greenmetropolis

Page 18: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Mobilize

Mobility, Infrastructure, and Society

“In societies aspiring toward modern forms of democracy, increasing mobility––in both geographic and socioeconomic terms––has become as critical to human emancipation as the more traditional liberal touchstones of civil liberty and equal representation.”(p380)

“there appears to be a remarkable degree of consensus among professionals, activists, and politicians that creating more compact and integrated urban agglomerations, with more e�cient and public forms of transport to serve them, is the best bulwark against the coming environmental Armageddon. The experts agree that such reforms would both reduce environmental impacts and increase the potential for human collaboration and sociability.”(p380)

Sustainable Urban Mobility through Light Electric Vehicles

Sustainable Mobility in Action

Sustaining the City in the Face of Advanced Marginality

A General Theory of sustainable Urbanism

The Political Ecology of Ecological Urbansim

The SynCity urban Energy System Model

Oil City: Petro-landscapes and sustainable Futures

Niger Delta Oil Fields

The Upway

GSD Research Nairobi Studio

Page 19: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

MeasureFive Ecological Challenges for the Contemporary City1.Sustainability and Democracy2.Agriculture and Ground Consumption3.Nature and Control4.Compact and Discard5.Deserti�cation and Subsidiarity

Revolutionizing Architecture

The Canary Project

“Performalism”: Environmental Metrics and Urban Design

Nature Culture

Investigating the Importance of Customized Energy Model Inputs: A Case Study of Gund Hall

Perception of Urban Density

London’s Estuary Region

Urban Earth: London

Sustainability Initiatives in London

Moving beyond LEED: Evaluating Green at the Urban Scale

Landscapes of Specialization

GSD Research Half a Million Trees: Prototyping Sites and Systems for Sustainable Cities

SlaveCity

EcoBox/Self-Managed Eco-urban Network

Temporary Urban Scene: Beach on the Moon

Page 20: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Collaborate

Comfort and Carbon Footprint

Ecological Urbanism and Health Equity: An Ecosocial Perspective

Nature, Infrastructures, and the Urban Condition

Sustainability and LIfestyle

Ecological Urbanism and the Landscape

Old Dark

Religious Studies and Ecological Urbanism

Ecological Urbanism and East Asian Literatures

Page 21: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Adapt

Insurgent Ecologies: (Re)claiming Ground in Landscape and Urbanism

Performative Wood: Intergral Computational Design for a Climate-Responsive Timber Surface Structure

Shrinking Gotham’s Footprint

Adaptivity in Architecture

GSD Research Climate Change, Water, Land Development, and Adaptation: Planning with Uncertainty

Page 22: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIMEdit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Incubate

Balances and Challenges of Integrated Practice

The Luxury of Reduction: On the Role of Architecture in Ecological Urbanism

bank of American

GSD Research A place in Heaven, A place in Hell: Tactical Operations in Sao Paulo

In Situ: Site Speci�city in Sustainable Architecture

Progetto Bioclimatico

Wangzhuang Eco-city of Agriculture

Ecosystemic Master Planning, DISEZ Region, Senegal

Vegetal City: Dreaming the Green Utopia

Verticalism(The Future of the Skyscraper)

Urban Prototypes

Taiwan Strait Climate Change Incubator

Page 23: Urbanism Presentation

ECOLOGICAL URBANSIM

“Sustainable urbanism should not mean green cities for wealthy white poeple” -Lizabeth Cohen

”Good citiesare like French cheeses. The worse they smell, the better they are.” -Homi Bhabha

“How is Ecological Urbanism di�erent from Landscape Urbanism?”

“What is Urbanism anyway?”

Edit by Moshen Mostafaviwith Gareth Doherty

Harvard UniversityGraduate School of Design

Page 24: Urbanism Presentation

“The essence of urbanization is therefore the destruction of any limit, boundary, or form that is not the in�nite, compulsive repetition of its own reproduction and the consequent totalizingmechanism of control that guarantees this process of in�nity.” (16)

“the in�nite continuity of movemnt propelled by production, which systematically metabolizes anything within a process that always changes, and is thus able to preserve its stability.”(16)

The Possibility of An Absolute ArchitecturePier Vittorio Aureli

Page 25: Urbanism Presentation

“No-stop City theorizes a city without di�erence between outside and inside, old and new, public space and private space, production space and consumption space.”(p19)

“No-stop City theorizes a city without di�erence between outside and inside, old and new, public space and private space, production space and consumption space.”(p19)

“No-stop City is neither a utopia nor a proposal for an alternative model of urbanization;rather, the hallucinatory and exaggerated descriptions of the existing conditions in which the economy reproduces its labor force are �nally exposed as the ultimatecore of urban culture.”(p20)

“No-stop City has come to pre�gure how bad in�nity has ensnared humanity within the logic of inde�nitegrowth as a means of development, constantly aspiring to the new and di�erent, and thereby forcing humanity to identically repeat its own condition.”(p21)

The Possibility of An Absolute ArchitecturePier Vittorio Aureli

Page 26: Urbanism Presentation

“Arendt writes, ‘Politics is based on the fact of human plurality.’ ” (p27)

“Politics arises in what lies between men and it is established as relationship” (p27)

“The formal can be de�ned as the xiperience of limit, as the relationship between the ‘inside’ and ‘outside’ .”(p30)

“The formal essentially involves an act of spatial determination, of limitation.”(p30)

“For this reason, the formal is against totality and generic conceptions of multiplicity.”(p30)

“the political and the concept of the formal indicate the possiblitily of the composition of di�erece by assuming the limits of parts as their constituency.”(p32)

The Possibility of An Absolute ArchitecturePier Vittorio Aureli

Page 27: Urbanism Presentation

“the way the plinth reprganizes the connection between a building and its site a�ects not only one’s experince of what is placed on the plinth, but also-and especially-one’s experince of the city that is outside plinth.”(p37)

“Mies’s plinth reinvent urban space as an archipelago of limited urban artifacts. Its is this emphasis on �niteness and separateness that makes artfacts like these the most intense manifestation of the political in the city.”(p37)

“The plinth introduces a stoppage into the smoothness of urban space.....as something that can beframed, limited and thus potentially situated as a thing among other things.”(p41)

“the symbolic possibility of confrontation.”(47)

The Possibility of An Absolute ArchitecturePier Vittorio Aureli

Page 28: Urbanism Presentation

“...architectural form is not just the consequence but also one of the most poweful and in�uential political examples.”(p42)

“...a city conceived as a group of islands within a sea of urbanization.”(p42)

“An archipelago is group of islands set in a sea that simultaneously unites and divides them.....the form of the archipelago presupposes that its parts, even in their absolute separation, are moved by an absent center, toward which each island,in comunion with the other , is oriented without claming possession of the center.” (p42)

“Confrontation is both what attracts the islands toward each other and what separates them preventing their coalescence into a single mass.”(p44)

“the sea is the extensive space of urbanization, its all-embracing connectiveness, the space of management of anythingthat constitutes our civilization. There is no other way to exceed this sea if not from within, by absorbing and forcing its attributes into �nite, clearly separated parts.”(p44)

The Possibility of An Absolute ArchitecturePier Vittorio Aureli

Page 29: Urbanism Presentation

“city of exacerbated di�erences”(p23)

“The more change and exception are allowed , the morethe urban principle is reinforced...which equalizesdi�erences within an isotropic network; the lobotomy, which largely eliminates the relationship between the ‘inside’(architecture) and the ‘outside’(urbanization);and the schism, which reduces every plot to a self-su�cient enclave that, by retaining it function,can host any ideology without a�ecting the general principle of urbanization.”(p24)

“the grid is a sea and the plots are islands.”(p24)

“architecture as an urban composition in miniature that wuld contain the complexity of the city as a whole”(p24)

“...can be interpreted as a prediction of contemporary urbanization in which pluralism and �versity are celebrated within the strict spatial logic of the enclave.”(p26)

“.Bound to the regime of the economy, this logic of inclusion/exclusion dissolves the potential dialectical con�ict among the parts of the city, and transformconfrontation and coexistence into the indi�erence of conhabitation,which indeed is the way of living in urbanization.”(p26)

The Possibility of An Absolute ArchitecturePier Vittorio Aureli

Page 30: Urbanism Presentation

“the iconic building cannot be considerd an exemplary aprt of the city beacuse its economic principle is to be unique and unrepeatable.”(p44)

“huge variety of these buildings subscribes to one main criterion: to obey the despotic of di�erence and novelty-precisely the attributes that duel the bad in�nity of labor for the sake of prodection and pro�t.”(p45)

“di�erence is...in�nite variation or commercial competition” not “ a confrontation of parts.”(p45)

“Instead of being an icon of diversity per se, an absolute architecture must refuse any impetusto novelty and accept the possibility of being an instrument of separation, and thus of political action.” (p46)

“Instead of being an icon of diversity per se, an absolute architecture must refuse any impetusto novelty and accept the possibility of being an instrument of separation, and thus of political action.” (p46)

The Possibility of An Absolute ArchitecturePier Vittorio Aureli

Page 31: Urbanism Presentation

“If the ubiquitous nature of mobility and integration is the essence of urbanization, the sigularityof places is the essence of a city.”(p46)

“...rede�ne the meaning of the city as a site of confrotation and thus of coexistence.”(p46)

“...architecture is...forming the space of coexistence within the city.”(p46)

architecture...is able to represent and instituionalize the business of living as value that is atonce universal and singular.”(p46)

The Possibility of An Absolute ArchitecturePier Vittorio Aureli

Page 32: Urbanism Presentation

“the metropolis ceases to be a ‘place’, to become a ‘contition’ .”(p177)

No-Stop CityAndrea BranziArchizoom

Page 33: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Nature

Nature & Civilisation:

Natural Form : Living form: Organism

Form :

1.3 Eroded Canyon: Localized turbulence and eddy patterns in the flow of water produce complex geometries in the eroded canyon

Natural Form: Non-living Form River/Rock

Civilisational Form: Cities

Civilisation

Francis Bacon, 1620: the first proposed the study of ‘ Nature History’ included ‘things artificial’ and the works of mankind as a ma-nipulation of nature. 1) ordinary nature( usual nature) 2) deviant nature 3) nature manipulated by man.

“ The concept of nature as a system that unfold over time according to rules, and that mankind exists within that system, is the extension of Bacon’s ‘natural history. “ “ Human activities is that the construction of tool, artefacts and dwellings is a natural behaviour, and that such natural behaviour was developed and involved over time. “ (12)

Page 34: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

“ All forms of nature and all forms of civilization have ‘ archi-tecture’’, an arrangement of material in space and over time that determines their shape, size, behaviour and duration, and how they come into being. “

Civilisational Form: “ The origin of the word ‘ civilisation’ suggests that it is associated with living in cities. “ (18) “ Cities are dynamic forms, constructed spatial and material arrays that are reworked and rebuilt over time , decaying, collapsing and expanding in irregular episodes of growth and incorporation.”

Natural Form:“ The forms of nature - living forms such as plants or animals, and non-living forms such as river deltas, hurricanes or desert sand dues, have an intricate relationship.”

“ Civilisation is the common heritage of all humanity, the sun total of all the material, ecology and social products of human activi-ties over time.”

Nature

Natural Form : Living form: Organism

Form :

Natural Form: Non-living Form River/Rock

Civilisational Form: Cities

Natural and Civilisational Forms:

Civilisation

Page 35: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Biological Evolution

Evolution:

Evolution:

Human cultural Evolution: Language Culture Complexity

“ The Origin of Species was first published in1859 in it Charles Darwin argued that just as humans breed living organism by ‘unnatural’ selection, organizing systematic changes in them, so wild organisms themselves are changed by the struggle for life... He described the process of natural selection as ‘the war of nature.’ (19)

“ Living organism can regarded as system, and these system acquire their complex forms and patterns of behaviour through the interactions, in space and over time, of their components. “

“ The development of a large brain and enhanced cognition is strongly coupled to the evolution is strongly coupled to the evolutionary development of material technology that extends and enhances individual and collective human metabo-lism. “

“ The evolutionary development over time of all the species of life was driven by mutation and natural selection” (by Darwin )

Nature

Natural Form : Living form: Organism

Form :

Natural Form: Non-living Form River/Rock

Civilisational Form: Cities

Civilisation

Page 36: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

1.8 Information “ A 5,000 year old clay tablet marked with cuneiform script, made with the cut end of reeds. .. The increase in the flow of energy and materials through cities Mesopotanmia accelerated the evolutionary development of systems of notation and mathematics calculation.

Page 37: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Biological Evolution

Plant and Animal Forms

Form of Settlements and Cities

Form and Behavior:

Form and Behavior:

Evolution: ( by mutation )

Human cultural Evolution: Language Culture Complexity

“ Form and behaviour have an intricate relationship, The form of an organism or city affects its behaviour in different environments, and a particular behaviour will produced different results in different environments, or if performed by different forms in the same environment.” (p.26)

Nature

Natural Form : Living form: Organism

Form :

Natural Form: Non-living Form River/Rock

Civilisational Form: Cities

Civilisation

“ The evolutionary development over time of all the species of life was driven by mutation and natural selection” (by Darwin )

Page 38: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Mathematical Structure of process of systems

Mathematical Descriptions of behavior:

p27 :+ Mathematical descriptions of behaviour:‘ Whitehead’s anticipation and response’ by Norber Wiener “ ...[t]he first systematic description of responsive behaviur in machines and animals”

By Ilya Prigogine: ‘ All biological organisms and many non-living systems are maintained by the flow of energy through the system”

p29. “ The flow is modified by ‘feedbacks’, but occasionally there is such an amplification or inhibition that the system much change, must re-organise or collapse. ““ An increase in complexity is always coupled to an increase in the flow of energy through the system, and systems that collapse and revert to a simpler organization are coupled to a reduced flow of energy. .. All systems tend to increase in com-plexity over time

Nature

Living Form : Organism

Biological Evolution

Evolution: Form:

Human cultural Evolution:

Non-living Form:River/ Rock

Civilisational Form: Cities

Civilisation

Plant and Animal Forms

Form of Settlements and Cities

Form and Behavior:

Page 39: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Dynamics of Organization:Dynamics of Organization:

“...[a]ll the systems of nature and civilization is the analy-sis of organization.”

“Evolution, J Huxley argued is ‘a continuous process from star-dust to human society’. “... [t]he mathematical structure of the process of sys-tems within which hierarchical organization arises. It focuses on the effects produced by the collective be-haviour of many simple units that interact with each other, such as atom, molecules ad cells.

Atoms

Molecules

Cells

Parts

Human

Cities

“ Each level interacts with other levels, and hierarchical orders are to be found with in all complex systems, from the anatomical form and metabolism of an individual organism, to the distribution of species and ecological systems, to the pattern of settlements and cities distrib-uted across a region. “

....

......

Mathematical Structure of process of systems

Nature

Living Form : Organism

Biological Evolution

Evolution: Form:

Human cultural Evolution

Non-living Form:River/ Rock

Civilisational Form: Cities

Civilisation

Plant and Animal Forms

Form of Settlements / Cities

Form and Behavior:

Page 40: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Atoms

Interactions at many levels of hierarchy

Molecules

Cells

Parts

Human

......

Dynamics of Organization:

Self- organization

Cities

....

Self-Organization:

“ Self-organized forms are also produced by the collective behavior of individual organisms.”

“ Self-organization occurs at the level of a whole ecological system, in the patterns of distribution of the many different species that live wit h in an ecological system, and in the forms of the individual organisms that exist within it. “ “ Each individual acting in response to stimuli from their immediate neighbors and from their close environments. (p31)

Page 41: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

without any leader / central directing without any central planning / construction

A Flock of birds A School of Fishes

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The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Dynamics of Organization: Emergence:

Emergence:

“ ... [a] synonym for’ appearance’ in the sciences the word refers to the production of forms and their behavior, by sys-tems that have an irreducible complexity.”

“ Considering the processes of nature and of civilization as systems accentuates the interaction and connectivity of the different parts of the systems, and interaction between different systems.” (p31)

Emerge e-merge [intransitive] 1. to appear or come out from somewhere2 if facts emerge, they become known after being hidden or secret 3 to come out of a difficult experience

Emergencee-mer-gence [uncountable]1. when something begins to be known or noticedemergence ofthe emergence of Japan as a world leader2. when someone or something comes out of a difficult experience emergence from

Self- organization

Page 43: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Dynamics of Organization:

EmergenceMathematical Structure of process of systems

Nature

Living Form : Organism

Biological Evolution

Evolution: Form:

Human cultural Evolution

Non-living Form:River/ Rock

Civilisational Form: Cities

Civilisation

Plant and Animal Forms

Form of Settlements / Cities

Form and Behavior:

“ What is it that emerges, what does it emerge from, and how is emergence pro-duced? The processes of complex system produce, elaborate and maintain all the forms of natural and cultural systems, and those processes include exchanges of energy and material with their environment. “(p32)

“ The unfolding of the process of evolution , the emergence of diverse species of living forms over extended time, has been constrained and inflected by the relations of each living form to other living forms, and to climatic regimes and the topography of the surface of the earth.

Atoms

Molecules = Bonding of atoms

Protein= arrangement of molecules

Human life......

......

Cities

Emergence:

Page 44: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

“ Energy and information produce effects that act upon the architecture of material in space and over time and the interaction between them is neither exclusively ‘bottom up’ nor ‘top down’. Information passing down through the generation modifies the interaction of living forms with their environment and the ma-terials and energy that extract from it.

“ ... all non-living natural forms emerge from the interaction of energy and material within complex sys-tems that proceed through time, and that both the living forms of nature and the forms of civilization emerge from complex processes that are coupled to the transmission of information.”

Page 45: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

“ ...[t]o delineate the process of emergence, the principles and dynamics of organization and inter-action that are consistent across the intersecting domains and to identify the feedback and critical thresholds that drive the emergence of forms in natural and culturally constructed systems. “

Page 46: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

“ Energy falls on the earth from the sun, and some of that energy is transformed and transported around the world. Energy and material between the ocean, the land, the biosphere and the atmosphere are exchanged; and the forms of the global climate emerge from the interaction of those exchanges. “

“ Climate is the metasystem,’ a system of systems,the intricate choreography of its forms and behaviour modulates the exchanges of energy and material between all the other systems, and is in turn affected by them. “

“...[a] small change at one scale may initiate a great and rapid change at another.”

Climate and the Forms of the Atmosphere:

Page 47: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Page 48: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Page 49: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

“The topography of the surface of the earth emerges from the interaction of tectonic forces that act on the land from below, and the weathering and erosional forces that act on it from above. “

“ Exchanges of energy and material animate the morphological processes within differing climatic regimes, acting on small particles or grains at a very small but producing large forms and complex behaviour over much larger dimensional scale.”

Surface and the Forms of the Land

Page 50: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Page 51: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

“ The form of all living beings emerge from two interlinked processes with very different time spans; embryological development from a single cell to an adult form, and the evolution of diverse species of form over extended time.”

“ Each cell of every living form carries with it the information for the development of the whole being, and this information is transmitted generation by generation down through time by the genome.”

“ In turn, living forms have modified and continue to modify the processes of the atmosphere and oceans, and the geomorphic system of the surface of the earth.”

Living Form

Page 52: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Page 53: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Page 54: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Page 55: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Page 56: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

“ Energy, information and material flows through individual forms are vectored through their populations, habitats and the ecological systems that they con-struct and live within. “

“ Where living forms organise themselves into collectively extended metabolisms, intelligence, social and spatial organization, and material artefacts emerge. “

“ Collectively extended metabolism are conserved and developed by positive feedbacks that modify the regime of natural selection.”

The Forms of Metabolism

Page 57: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Page 58: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

“ Cities simultaneously emerged from the collapse and reorganization of the founding system of civilisation. “

“ The evolutionary development of city forms and their extended metabolic systems was strongly coupled to multiple changes of the climate and ecological system within witch they were situated, and to the rise in the flow of energy from intense cultivation, increased social complexity and to the evolution of informa-tion system.”

City Forms

Page 59: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Page 60: Urbanism Presentation

The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

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The Architecture of Emergence

Michael WeinstockMichael Weinstock

Page 62: Urbanism Presentation

The Generic City

Michael WeinstockRem Koolhaas

Is the contemporary city like the contemporary airport – "all the same"? Is it possible to theorize this conver-gence?

What are the disadvantages of identity, and conversely, what are the advantages of blankness?

What if we are witnessing a global liberation movement: "down with character!" That is left after identity is stripped? The Generic?

“ The fact that human growth is exponential implies that the past will at some point become too “ small” to be inhabited and shared by those alive. We ourselves exhaust it.”

“ The stronger identity, the more it imprisons, the more it resists expansion, interpretation, renewal, contra-diction. “

” THe Generic City is fractal , and endless repetition of the same simple structural module; it is possible to reconstruct it from its smallest entity, adesktop computer, maybe even a diskette. “