• United States Capitol, is the meeting place of the United States Congress and one of the most familiar landmarks in Washington, D.C. It is situated on Capitol Hill at the eastern end of Pennsylvania Avenue.

• The original building was completed in 1800 and was subsequently expanded, particularly with the addition of the massive dome.

• A fine example of 19th-century neoclassical architecture, the U.S. Capitol combines function with aesthetics.

• Pierre Charles L'Enfant was expected to design the Capitol and to supervise its construction.

• United State Capitol covers well over 1.5 million square feet, has over 600 rooms, and miles of corridors. It is crowned by a magnificent white dome that overlooks the city of Washington and has become a widely recognized icon of the American people and government.

• Today, the U.S. Capitol Building covers a ground area of 175,170 square feet, or about 4 acres, and has a floor area of approximately 16-1/2 acres. Its length, from north to south, is 751 feet 4 inches; its greatest width, including approaches, is 350 feet. Its height above the base line on the east front to the top of the Statue of Freedom is 288 feet. The building contains approximately 600 rooms and has 658 windows (108 in the dome alone) and approximately 850 doorways and made up of white marble.

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NEO CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE Mahak Gupta14 arch 014B.arch 3 YEARA.C.A, Agra

UNITED STATE CAPITOL

•The first, or ground, floor is occupied chiefly by committee rooms and the spaces allocated to various congressional officers.

•The areas accessible to visitors on this level include the Hall of Columns, the Brumidi Corridors, the restored Old Supreme Court Chamber, and the Crypt beneath the Rotunda, where historical exhibits are presented.

•The second floor holds the Chambers of the House of Representatives (in the south wing) and the Senate (in the north wing) as well as the offices of the congressional leadership. •This floor also contains three major public areas. In the center under the dome is the Rotunda, a circular ceremonial space that also serves as a gallery of paintings and sculpture depicting significant people and events in the nation's history. •The Rotunda is 96 feet in diameter and rises 180 feet 3 inches to the canopy.• The semicircular chamber south of the Rotunda served as the Hall of the House until 1857; now designated National Statuary Hall, it houses part of the Capitol's collection of statues donated by the states in commemoration of notable citizens. •The Old Senate Chamber northeast of the Rotunda, which was used by the Senate until 1859, has been returned to its mid-19th-century appearance.

Second Floor Plan

•The third floor allows access to the galleries from which visitors to the Capitol Building may watch the proceedings of the House and the Senate when Congress is in session. •The rest of this floor is occupied by offices, committee rooms and press galleries.•The fourth floor and the basement/terrace level of the U.S. Capitol are occupied by offices, machinery rooms, workshops and other support areas.

Third Floor Plan

Replacement of the old Bulfinch dome with a 30 m dia dome

Small senate rotunda on second floor of United State Capitol.

Interior of the dome of United State Capitol building

Interior view of crypt on first floor of United State Capitol.

First Floor Plan

A colossal statue that supports Freedom

New dome which stand three times the height of the original dome Use of pediment main feature of the Roman Pantheon

Use of column main feature of the Roman Pantheon

UNITED STATE CAPITOL

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First Floor

Second Floor

Third Floor

Date20/02/17

• Holkham Hall, Norfolk, England, is an eighteenth century country house constructed in the Palladian style for Thomas Coke 1st Earl of Leicester by the architect William Kent.

• It’s one of the England’s finest building made using the Palladian revival style of architecture, and its design is closer to the Palladian style than any other house built using the same style of architecture in that period by any architect.

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NEO CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE Mahak Gupta14 arch 014B.arch 3 YearA.C.A, Agra

HOLKHAM HALL

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SIGN

Design• The plan and design followed the guidelines and ideas for the house as suggested and stated by the aristocrat architect Lord Burlington and William Kent.

• The plans for Holkham Hall consisted of a grand central block of two floors. •The plan for the piano nobile level contains a series of uniformly built state rooms that were situated around the two courtyards. • These courtyards are not visible from the outside; these courtyards were designed for lightning rather than the recreation or architectural value, but eventually it became an important part of the design.• The central block is surrounded by four smaller, rectangular wings, or blocks. •These wings are connected at each corner and were linked to the main house structure by short two-storey wings of only one bay, this was a new norm as normally in Palladian architecture they are linked using long colonnades.

Library wing

Marble Hall Plan of Holkham Hall

Exterior• From looking at the elevation and exterior of principal front (facade), the Holkham Hall design by Kent can be described as that of a huge Roman palace.• Holkham Hall by its plan is a Palladian house, and yet even by the Palladian standard the exterior appearance of the building is plain and lacks entirely of ornamentation.• The on-site, supervisor of Holkham “Matthew Brettingham the Elder”, stated that Coke required and ordered ample space and comfort. As a result, only one window was placed in each room which allowed only necessary light in the rooms.• The other reason was that Coke thought the extra window will make the room cold or draughty apart from making the exterior more pleasing.

Use of Pediment and Columns of Roman Style Lack of Ornamentation (Simple Façade)Interior• The impressive splendour of the interior is obtained without the excessive use of ornaments. The interior of the house reflects the William Kent’s career-long fondness towards “the simplicity of a plain surface”.• All around the hall are the statues that are plaster copies of classical deities. The staircase from the hall leads to the piano nobile and the state-rooms.• The Green State Bedroom is the principal bedroom of the Holkham Hall and s decorated using paintings and tapestries.

Green State Bedroom William Kent's Saloon

Use of Pediment

Bedchamber Wing

Use of Roman Column

Holkham Hall

Plain Facade

Date20/02/17

• The British Museum was established in 1753, largely based on the collections of the physician and scientist Sir Hans Sloane.

• The British Museum is dedicated to human history, art and culture, and is located in the Bloomsbury area of London.

• An historic building with Greek revival, neo-classical and modern architectural features.

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NEO CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE Mahak Gupta14 arch 014B.arch 3 YearA.C.A, Agra

British Museum

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Design•The British Museum is an exemplar cultural space, comprising the White Wing, King Edward VII’s galleries, the Parthenon galleries, the New Wing, and the Great Court.• The Museum has a total of 94 gallery spaces and public services, including a restaurant and an education centre, which is located below the courtyard.• It included galleries for classical sculpture and Assyrian antiquities

• The construction of the Great Court involved extensive re-facing of the existing buildings and the construction of 20 concrete-filled steel columns to support the roof.

Ground Floor Plan Upper Floor Plan

British Museum

Exterior• The monumental South entrance, with its stairs, colonnade and pediment, was intended to reflect the wondrous objects housed inside.• The design of the columns has been borrowed from ancient Greek temples, and the pediment at the top of the building is a common feature of classical Greek architecture.• The east and west residences (to the left and right of the entrance) have a more modest exterior.

Use of Greek Architecture Columns and Pediment

Plain Exterior (No Ornamentation)

Interior• The patterns and colours on the ceiling of the Weston Hall were borrowed from classical Greek buildings, which would have been brightly decorated.• The electric lamps in the entrance hall are replicas of the original lighting lamps in the Museum. The Museum was the first public building to be electrically lit.• The Queen Elizabeth II Great Court is a covered square at the centre of the British Museum designed by the engineers Buro Happold and the architects Foster and Partners.• The Great Court roof is of glass and steel construction, built by an Austrian steelwork company with 1,656 uniquely shaped panes of glass. • At the centre of the Great Court is the Reading Room vacated by the British Library. The Reading Room is open to any member of the public who wishes to read there.

Great Court Interior View Weston Hall Interior View Ceiling of Weston Hall

Use of Greek Style Pediment

Use of Greek Style Columns

Plain Exterior / No Ornamentation

Date20/02/17