classical architecture - weebly
TRANSCRIPT
Prescribed Learning Outcomes It is expected that student will:
*demonstrate awareness of artistic expression as a reflection of the culture in which it was created
*describe how societies preserve identity, transmit culture, and adapt to change
*identify periods of significant cultural achievement
What is Classical
Architecture?
Classical is the
term given to time
when Greeks and
Romans…
…influenced the
western world
500 B.C.E. to 500 C.E.
Also called Age of
Antiquity
The Greeks and Romans
Classical
architecture has
come to mean…
…the beautifully
balanced and
harmoniously
simple
…architecture of
the Greeks and
Romans
Classical Architecture
in Vancouver…
The Classical style
has influenced
many buildings in
the Vancouver
area, including:
The Vancouver
Public Library
Looks similar to
the Roman
Colosseum…
…the architects
even tried to
copy the wall
that has been
restored
The History of Classical
Architecture is Simple…
Greeks developed classical forms
Romans copied and adapted them
Italians of the Renaissance
rediscovered it after the Middle Ages
Best Examples of Classical
Architecture…
…are Greek Temples
Greeks preferred to
work in marble
and…
…liked the POST-
AND-LINTEL STYLE
The Romans…
…called the post-
and-lintel style
“Trabeated”
…from the root
word “trabes”
which means beam
Romans copied
the trabeated
format
Look at the Capital First…
Capital, or top of
the column tells
you what order
the Temple is…
Oldest is Doric
used much by
Greeks
Romans Preferred
Corinthian
…From the Bottom up!
Once you have
determined the
order of the
temple…
You can then
begin to
examine its 4
parts
…From the Bottom up!
Start with steps
Next the entire
column
Then horizontal
section on top of
columns
Then the angled
section on roof
1. Start with the Steps…
Nimes, France 5 C.E.
Paestum, Italy
Many Greek Temples
have 3 steps
Roman Temples tend to have more
2. Next Section is the
Column…
Most columns have a
base at the bottom
…followed by a shaft…
…finally a capital on top
The only order that
usually does not have a
base is Doric
Ionic Capital
Next order is a
bit more fancy
Has scroll-like
volutes that
resemble sea
shells or ram’s
horns
Ionic columns
are slimmer
and usually
fluted
Corinthian Capital
Last order is the
most decorative
Used extensively
by the Romans
Leaves are called
Acanthus Leaves
Corinthian
Capitals often
contain small
volutes as well
Acanthus leaf
trees grew
throughout
Italy
Usually has two
rows of
acanthus leaves
3. Next Section is the
Entablature…
Sometimes
called the
Horizontal
Entablature
Think of a
temple as a
table…
columns are the
legs
Entablature is
the “Table top”
Entablature
Frieze is
often
sculpted
Architrave
is often
plain
Entablature of the Parthenon, Athens, Greece
4. Next Section is the
Pediment…
Top section of a
classical style
temple is called
the Pediment
Triangular
portion
..usually contain
decorative
sculptureNational Archives, Washington D.C., USA
Pediment consists of…
Tympanum
which usually
contains
important
sculptures
Sloping Cornice
(usually matches
horizontal
cornice
Often located on the roof…
Acroterion:
sculptures
on the front
of the temple
Antefixes
(singular
antefix)
found on
side
5. Examples of Classical
Architecture…
Palazzo Rucellai in
Florence, Italy
Classical
Corinthian
Columns have been
incorporated into
side of building