neoclassical architecture -...
TRANSCRIPT
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Neoclassical ArchitectureBelotti/Leone
5B
What is neoclassical architecture?
• A reaction against the Rococo style of naturalistic ornament and an outgrowth of its classicizing features.
• Late Baroque/Rococo (1675-1775)
Rococo (New Palace in Potsdam, Germany)
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Neoclassical architecture
• In its purest form, it is a style derived from the architecture of Classical Greece and Rome and the architecture of the Italian architect Andrea Palladio (1508-1580).
Palladio’s Villa Design
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Villa Capra “La Rotonda” in Vicenza
Neoclassical architecture• Emphasizes the wall rather than patterns of light and dark (as in the
chiaroscuro of Rococo), and maintains the separate identity of each of its parts.
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Vocabulary
colonnade
pediment
dome
simple clean lines
Neoclassical architecture in the United States
• Neoclassicism in the US in the early 19th century represented rationalism and republicanism
• In later 19th-century American architecture, neoclassicism was one expression of the American Renaissance movement, ca 1880-1917.
• The definitive architectural style on Capitol Hill is neoclassical, inspired by the use of ancient Greek and Roman styles in the design of great public buildings. These styles are recognized by the use of tall columns, symmetrical shapes, triangular pediments and domed roofs.
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Neoclassical architecture in the United States
• Related to Federal Style architecture
• Applied balance & symmetry (like the Georgian style) but used plainer materials and details (unlike the Georgian style)
• The Federal period and Neoclassical period were heavily influenced by the rediscovery of Pompeii (1748) and Herculaneum (1738).
Thomas Jefferson
• Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826), author of theAmerican Declaration of Independence and the third president of the United States, was atalented architect of neo-classical buildings.
• Jefferson's use of architecture based on classical antiquity symbolized the aspirations of the new American republic and the cultural experimentation that could be expected as the country matured.
• Monticello (next slide) also shows that Jefferson was conscious of the relationship between architecture and the natural landscape.
http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/442
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Thomas Jefferson
• Jefferson designed his plantation home, Monticello (1769–1809), and his ideal 'academical village' (1817–26), a few miles away, which is still the heart of the University of Virginia (next slide).
NB:Monticello is also considered to be a Federal Style building.
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• Pierre L'Enfant and Robert Adam were two of the influential architects of the Federal style. Pierre L'Enfant was commissioned by President George Washington in 1791 to design the new capital city, now known as Washington DC. Robert Adam developed the 'Adam Style' of architecture based on his studies of antiquity, and was one of the most fashionable architects of the time. He not only designed the houses for his clients, but also the decor and furniture for them as well.
http://www.examiner.com/article/federal-neoclassical-architecture
American Federal Style Architecture
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American Neoclassical: The Baltimore Basilica
American Neoclassical: Lincoln Memorial
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American Neoclassical: Lincoln Memorial
American Neoclassical: National Gallery of Art
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American Neoclassical: The White House
American Neoclassical: Washington Monument
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American Neoclassical: US Supreme Court
American Neoclassical: US Capitol Building
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American Neoclassical: Boston State House
American Neoclassical: Boston State House
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American Neoclassical: Washington Square Arch, New York