myGov task

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Identify 10 Global best practices used by countries which have made a big difference

in the lives of their citizens

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Task Elaboration

This task requires elaborate research on global best practices that have created a significant difference in improving the cleanliness standards. Please also share the possible negative effects, if any, in the Indian context.

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Let’s understand Cleanliness !

Before we elaborate the task, one should first try to understand the word “cleanliness”, which is nothing but……

“STATE OF BEING CLEAN”&/or

“STATE OF HAVING CLEAN SURROUNDING AROUND”

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Locations of Cleanliness

To elaborate the task, one should first identify the area / locations / surroundings, where best practices followed (world wide), have made significant difference in improvement in cleanliness standards.

10 different locations / area are therefore identified, and some of the best practices followed globally in these area / locations, which can be adopted in our country, are analysed for this task presentation

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10 Locations …10 Best Practices& 10 Slogans to make it work in India!

1. Domestic Waste Management / cleanliness 2. Public Colonies / Township Settlement 3. Construction area / Settlement 4. Public Roads / Street, Public Places etc.. 5. Bus Stops/Bus Stations/Railway Stations/Air

ports 6. Inside Bus / Trains 7. Big Cities / Metros 8. Public Gardens / Parks / River fronts etc.. 9. Tourist Spots / Historical Monuments / Places 10. Public / Government offices

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1. Domestic Cleanliness Let’s make our Home Sweet Home to Home Neat Home too !

Daily House waste is one of the primary source of waste generation all over

Many Countries / Cities have made regulations to make waste sorting ‘mandatory’ so that, bio-degradable & non bio-degradable waste are separated at source itself and put to good use by municipal authorities eg. Germany / Seattle in US, Singapore, Netherlands etc.

China, Shanghai city also have similar legislations

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1A. Waste Sorting – Dutch Example

(source : http://www.waste-management-world.com/articles/print/volume-11/issue-1/features/dutch-successes.html

Netherlands is able to recycle no less than 64% of its waste – and most of the remainder is incinerated to generate electricity.

As a result, only a small percentage ends up in landfill. In the realm of recycling this is a country which is practically unique.

The Dutch approach is simple: avoid creating waste as much as possible, recover the valuable raw materials from it, generate energy by incinerating residual waste, and only then dump what is left over – but do so in an environmentally friendly way.

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1A. Waste Sorting – Dutch Example

(source : http://www.waste-management-world.com/articles/print/volume-11/issue-1/features/dutch-successes.html

Dutch Parliament has passed legislation on the waste sorting issues by each home

A survey carried out for TNT Post revealed that separating waste is the most popular environmental measure among Dutch people.

More than 90% of Dutch people separate their household waste.

Installing carbon filters on cars

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Positive effects of Waste Sorting in India

Better waste management Better cleanliness can be maintained in and

around Inculcation of discipline among general public Conversion of waste to wealth through better

waste management techniques / Waste to Energy Plants..

Job Creation / Newer opportunities Cleanliness around Healthy nation…..Wealthy nation !

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Negative effects in India

‘Waste sorting’ is an extremely complex issue

People need to be educated more to implement this

More investment is necessary to handle different types of waste, its storage, transport, disposal etc..

No. of dust bins / storage bins (small / big) required will be more, needing more funds for waste management

Every house shall follow the rules and regulations and indiscipline among users may spoil the whole plan

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2. Township / Colony / Municipal Settlement CleanlinessLet’s make our Clean Colony – Green Colony

In most of the advanced countries, Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) is a must in a colony / township settlement, where no. of houses are built together

Strict guidelines reg. “No open drainage / Sewage lines”

Water generated from the STP invariably used for Gardening, saving the precious drinking water

Greenery around ….prosperity around ! STP – Israel Example In Israel, about 50 percent of agricultural water

usage (total use was 1 billion cubic metres in 2008) is provided through reclaimed sewer water.

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2. STP– Positive / Negative Effects in India

STP is practical only in big cities / metros where sewage / drainage systems are maintained and sewage is collected for treatment

Yet, there’s no denying the fact that, India needs to have more and more efficient STPs and recycling of sewage water is one of the important aspect of maintaining cleanliness around ;

In large parts of India, particularly in smaller towns, there are no such elaborate systems, due to which accumulation of dirty water flown to open area/canals breeds dirtiness around.

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3. Construction Area Cleanliness Let’s construct a cleaner – greener India

Construction area dust or ‘Fugitive dust’ control yet to take serious attention in our country

It’s one of the large contributor of ‘particulate matter’ (PM) found in the air and water

Many western nations have strict and strong regulations against spreading of fugitive dust on a/c construction activities, which are religiously followed

Construction dust, if not controlled properly, could be one of the major source of air pollution in big cities

India need to have strong regulations to control and the will to implement in letter & spirit – “Let our construction industry take lead” !

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Fugitive Dust Control Measures - 1

Source : https://www.deq.idaho.gov/air-quality/air-pollutants/fugitive-dust.aspx

Keeping potential fugitive dust problems under control is an everyday job. Plan ahead by developing a dust prevention and control plan.

Here are some specific suggestions for controlling fugitive dust: First, think pollution prevention! Minimize the surface area disturbed. The less ground disturbed,

the less dust raised while working, and the less cleanup when work is done.

Limit dusty work on windy days. Apply dust suppression measures when needed. Monitor dust suppression efforts to ensure that dust emissions are adequately controlled. It may be necessary to adjust to fewer or more frequent application intervals depending on weather conditions.

Clean up dusty spills immediately. Do not wait for the next scheduled housekeeping—the mess will just get bigger and cleanup will take longer.

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Fugitive Dust Control Measures - 2

Source : https://www.deq.idaho.gov/air-quality/air-pollutants/fugitive-dust.aspx

Control dust in occasionally used areas. Grow vegetative ground cover. Growing grasses or legumes is the

most effective, easiest and most economical control because these plants provide a dense, complete cover. Even when the vegetation dries up, the roots will help hold the soil in place. Do not leave open areas uncovered.

Use wind erosion controls. Plant bushes or trees, construct wood or rock walls, or earthen banks as permanent windbreaks, or install porous wind or snow fences as more temporary measures. Reduced wind velocity allows larger particles to settle to the ground.

Apply crust-forming chemicals. These chemicals may include mineral salts, petroleum resins, asphalt emulsion, acrylics, and adhesives. These treatments must be reapplied periodically to ensure continued effectiveness. Check with DEQ to ensure the material you want to apply is not harmful and may be used for this purpose.

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Covering of Const. Area during construction(with protective cover / banner / screen / enclosure)

All construction areas, in particular, any construction in the heart of cities / towns etc.. shall be covered with suitable screens/enclosures etc. such that, the dust generated from the construction area do not spread &increase “Particulate Matter” (PM) suspended in the air ;

Construction Industry norms should be revised to make this feature mandatory; it improves safety @ const. site too !

Lots of positive effects …..mainly less air pollution, clean surrounding , safe construction, aesthetically neat & more !

Negative effects : Cost of Construction could go up bit higher on a/c of such regulations / legislations / new measures ; But, it’s still worth, to maintain cleanliness around

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Have a Look at few banners / net placed to cover the construction area to prevent spreading of construction

dust

Building is covered by banner to prevent the

spreadingg of fugitive dust coming from inside activity

Building construction is covered with plastic net to prevent any

dust spreading & to prevent falling of any object out side

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4. Cleanliness on Public Roads/ PavementsLet’s make our roads – a way to prosperity !

Let’s understand that problem first …….. In most of the cities / towns in India, problem

mainly lies with FOOTPATHS / PAVEMENTS rather than roads….per se!

Even if roads are ok, Footpaths remain unkempt / untidy / unclean, unhygienic at many locations, every city, every town, every nook & corner !

People often throw cigarette butts, gutka covers, plastic covers, papers, all possible loose waste around, without any inhibition / control and sense of discipline!

An unclean area is an open invitation to make it even more dirtier as dirtiness breeds dirtiness !

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4. Cleanliness on Public Roads/ Pavements

This is an important aspect, in keeping our cities / towns clean & cleanliness can be achieved through …….

INDIA NEEDS TO HAVE MORE & MORE SMOOTH / EVEN SURFACED PAVEMENTS / FOOTFATH, WHICH ARE EASY TO CLEAN & MAINTAIN !

Let’s have a ASPHALTED / CONCRETED / TILED FOOTPATH all over as an even surfaced footpath is easy to clean / maintain & uneven footpath–very difficult to clean / maintain

A smooth surfaced / tiled footpath saves more time, energy, money and resources required to ensure cleanliness

Above all, Let’s understand it very clear, problem is not on roads – but on Footpath / pavements & India needs “CONCRETE” solutions to address it !

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4. Cleanliness on Public Roads/ Pavements

This is an important aspect, in keeping our cities / towns clean & cleanliness can be achieved through …….

INDIA NEEDS TO HAVE MORE & MORE SMOOTH / EVEN SURFACED PAVEMENTS / FOOTFATH, WHICH ARE EASY TO CLEAN & MAINTAIN !

Let’s have a ASPHALTED / CONCRETED / TILED FOOTPATH all over as an even surfaced footpath is easy to clean / maintain & uneven footpath–very difficult to clean / maintain

A smooth surfaced / tiled footpath saves more time, energy, money and resources required to ensure cleanliness

Above all, Let’s understand it very clear, problem is not on roads – but on Footpath / pavements & India needs “CONCRETE” solutions to address it !

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FOOTPATHS - have a look & judge, which are easy to clean & maintain !

Uneven FOOTPATHS - difficult to maintain clean /

neat

Even surfaced Footpaths – Easy to

clean / maintain

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Even Surfaced Footpaths AbroadCleanliness showing ……obviously

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Let’s change our approach!Let’s all be STREET SMART !

In most of the developed / developing countries FOOTPATHS of major cities / towns have an even surfaced / tiled / concreted / asphalted FOOTPATHS which are EASY TO CLEAN and more importantly MAINTAIN it !

Let’s change our approach…..We do spend a lot on our roads / highways…..every year !

LET’S SPEND NOW FOR OUR FOOTPATHS TOO !

Let’s care for our pedestrians…our common man ….. ... our aam janta ..our man on street ..and MAKE OUR STREETS SMART…..SMARTER !

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Other measures needed to keep our streets clean

Cleaning of footpaths / clearing of dust bins at pubic places should be done on a daily basis

Abroad, in all major cities, one finds Municipal worker cleaning the roads, almost on round – the – clock basis

India needs to increase the augment this manpower at all Municipalities / Corporations

All Municipal workers identified for this job shall be given proper / neat uniform with fluorescent jackets and proper tools

Let’s respect these silent workers of the nation too !

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Empower our Municipal workforce with proper tools / dust bins / dust carts / uniform / fluorescent jackets

& ofcourse LOTS OF RESPECT!

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How to clean the unclean ….!

FEW COMMON MEASURES TO IMPROVE

CLEANLINESS ALL OVER, BE AT PUBLIC

PLACES, ROADS, BUS STATIONS,

RAILWAY STATIONS, MARKET, TOURIST

SPOTS, ANYWHERE IN THE CITY

Cleanliness at Public Places- Immediate Measures REQUIRED -

• One of the main drawback of present system is there’s no much interaction between general public and agencies responsible for clearing of garbage / waste etc..

• Let’s take benefit of social media / smart phones to interact better between public and agencies concerned to have an effective complaint redressal systems and its follow up

• Improved interaction between Public & authorities concerned (responsible for cleaning) can do wonders ! 27

Cleanliness at Public Places Methodology of Improvement of interaction between

Public & Authorities responsible

Through use of Information Technology (IT) :• Every corporation / town municipalities shall

have their own web page / dedicated section where public can lodge their complaint, upload the photos etc.. by giving the details of area / place / garbage to be cleared

• Facilities for uploading the photos of area concerned, and facilities to give details of the area to be cleared similar to myGov portal

• Regular follow up of complaint redressal system by the authorities concerned / with regular audit of the same by an independent agency

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Cleanliness at Public Places Methodology of Improvement of interaction between

Public & Authorities responsible

Through use of Information Technology (IT) :• So, let’s have notice board indicating the

name / agency / their tel. / mobile no. & web page importantly social media address / e – mail / e - contact address near :

Every strategic corner / point of a city / town , to begin with

Every big garbage collection bins / points

Entrance / Exit point of all important tourist places / bus stops / railway stations etc..

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Cleanliness at Public Places Methodology of Improvement of interaction between

Public & Authorities responsible

Through use of Information Technology (IT) :• Let’s take benefit of social media / smart

phones to interact better between public and agencies concerned to have an effective complaint redressal systems and its follow up

• A myGov portal of kind can be started by every Municipal Corporations, where Public can lodge their complaints reg. cleanliness and the agencies concerned should address it within next 48 - 72 hours.

• Accountability of the area to be cleaned / area under monitoring, helps to clean the system better

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Through use of Information Technology (IT) :

• Improved interaction between Public & authorities concerned (responsible for cleaning the area) can do wonders !

• Improve accountability of the agencies concerned for attending the complaints / its follow up

• Importantly, authorities concerned shall also be vested with resources (both manpower & machineries etc..) to do their job, else, the system will not work

• Every citizen of the city / town can be a citizen journalist with this move / cause

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Cleanliness at Public Places Methodology of Improvement of interaction between

Public & Authorities responsible

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Cleanliness Control…through SMART approach

In nutshell….. Let’s use our SMARTPHONE & SMART

technology to make our cities clean & green……in smart way ! Let’s us all be smart…!

Let’s use our smart phone smarter ..!!

& Let’s all make our cities smartest ….!

Other regular ways to reduce littering Few immediate measures for implementation

• Dust bins at regular intervals in all public places / roads and importantly, a fool proof mechanism to clear the same on a regular / daily basis

• Provision of dust bins at all bus stops / railway stations

• Provision of Sulabh Shouchalaya type toilets at all bus stations / near railway stations etc.., to begin with, and later on, at least one such place, every 1 – 2 sq. km area

• Provision of separate dust bins (food waste & Plastic / paper etc..) in bus stations / railway coaches / stations etc.. & mechanism to clear it without fail 33

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5. Cleanliness in Bus Stations/Bus–Stops / Railway Stations etc.–Let’s not miss the bus now!

India needs to do A LOT OF WORKS to improve the cleanliness in our Bus Stations / Bus Stops / Railway Stations etc..

Few Bus Stations in cities like Vadodara, Bengalooru, Hyderabad & few more Railway Stations have been made look better, but majority of them in our country still need lots of upliftment & cleaner surroundings !

Significantly, we need clean & well maintained toilets in all these places, where cleanliness is maintained round – the – clock !

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Global Practice – Let’s emulate that !

Dust bins at all Bus Stops & twice a day collection

Big Dust bins at Bus Stands Railway Stations &

if possible in different colours to encourage public

to segregate the waste / litter at source itself

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Portable Toilet

India should also start exploring the usage of Portable / mobile toilets (as in west / abroad) to prevent usage of unauthorized places for

answering nature’s call !

As a first approach, we should have clean toilets in all public places / bus stops / stations & maintained round the clock !

Let’s encourage Sulabh Shouchalaya type Toilet facility everywhere

Mobile Toilet

Global Practice – Let’s explore that !

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6. Cleanliness Inside Trains / Buses Let’s make our Railways truly “LIFELINE’ of our nation !

After Railway safety, this should be the second most important priority for Indian Railways and cleanliness of coaches as well as railway stations / platforms should be given utmost importance.

Firstly, every passenger should feel that, Indian Rail coaches (or any public bus), stations, platforms / bus terminus etc.. are all “apna” hai…..when this “apnapan” feeling comes, automatically, many issues would fall in right track, and every passenger would feel the need to keep “apna railway” “apna bus stand” clean and neat !

Let’s instill this “apnapan” of Railways to one and all !

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Campaign to promote Cleanliness Inside Trains / Public Buses

Let us have a campaign in a big way to educate the passengers, aam admi to maintain hygiene and cleanliness in railways.

Let us have role famous personalities such as Bachchans, Tendulkars, Naiwals, Balans, Khans,, Dhonis, Pawan Kalyans, Vijays et al to campaign for this.

It would no doubt have great impact and I’m sure, all these celebrities would readily agree to do this, without any charge, for nation’s sake !

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Railway’s Waste can be a source of fuel !

Biodegradable waste could be collected in a fixed stations for energy conservation purposes, to generate bio gas or converting the same as fuel for other energy means and similarly, non-biodegradable waste could be given to others for recycling, on a contract basis.

If this idea clicks, RAILWAY WASTE COULD BE A MOBILE FUEL !

Idea may not be totally practical as yet, but let’s debate it……An idea can change the course of lifeline of our nation !

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Railways – Lifeline of the nation !

Many may not believe it, but presently 95% of the wastes (of both types) are thrown out of window by most of the passengers on either side of track !

Practically, our own people/citizen have made the either side of railway track as dust bin of the nation, from Kashmir to Kanyakumari !

Unless we all change this attitude, we cannot call Indian Railways as our “Lifeline of the nation” !

Let’s stop throwing even a Tea cup out of window !

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Additional measures to improve cleanliness in Railway Coaches /

Stations - 1 Nothing is impossible, and it’s possible to

change this attitude, and the only way, we can do this, by maintaining cleanliness as cleanliness alone succeeds cleanliness!

Let’s encourage passengers to use dust bin through mass campaign & education and if it has to work, we should first have proper dust bins in place inside the coaches without fail & proper system of removal of wastes from that, else people would be forced to throw the dust outside again through the window.

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Additional measures to improve cleanliness in Railway Coaches /

Stations - 2 Similarly enough dust bins at railway

stations / platforms are must & most of our stations do not have this in good numbers. With private participation, this situation can surely improved.

Let us also have campaign to stop unwarranted graffiti inside the railway coaches.

Importance of cleanliness / waste segregation / need to maintain coach clean etc. can all be printed on the back of ticket

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Cleanliness of Toilets in Railway Coaches

Clean toilets are another important issue and lot of design changes are necessary to bring cleanliness in the toiler to ensure that, water does not spill over.

In the recent times, water tap fitted WC (on the back side) has come which can help to maintain the toilers clean & dry !

Present design needs change, as lot of water gets spilled over in the area and dryness of the toiler cannot be maintained easily.

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Cleanliness of Toilets in Railway Coaches – Western Practice –

Feasible in India ? In some of the western countries, entrance

to toilets get blocked 30 min before the station comes in order to prevent the public from using the station track as a toilet.

This system, although not easy to implement where stations are nearby, it can still be tried with longer distance trains.

Use of Bio Toilets / new technology available in this area should solve our present problem in this regard

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7. Cleanliness in Big Cities / Metro Let our big brother show the way to others..

In big cities / metro, where waste generation is more than 1000 T / day, India needs to introduce better “waste management” techniques / use of technology to handle waste !

In China / Germany / US or even in many European nations, in big cities, waste is sorted and used as fuel for “waste to energy” power plants for generating electricity !

This would ensure an effective way of handling waste without any ill effects and harmful impact on environment & in the process, helps to keep cities clean!

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7. Cleanliness in Big Cities / Metro Let our big brother show the way to others..

Indian Big Cities need to a take leaf out of this book and start converting “waste to wealth”

Our metros like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkatta, Chennai, B’lore should show the way in handling the waste to other cities ! ; Let our Delhi dazzle….Mumbai mesmerize & Garden City revive its glory & so on !

This would make our cities CLEAN & GREEN, apart from other measures already presented in other slides !

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A recent update - 1on ‘Waste to Energy’ Plant in China

(source : www.waste-management–world.com)

Hong Kong based ‘waste to energy’ project developer, China Everbright International has won the bid for the 1500 tonne per day Henan Xinzheng City Household waste to energy project.

Project will be constructed on a BOT (Build-Operate-Transfer) basis for a concession period of 30 years, and will be constructed in two phases.

Project phase I designed to handle daily household waste processing capacity of 1000 tonnes per day and represents a total investment of approximately RMB520 million ($84 million)

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A recent update – 2 on ‘Waste to Energy’ Plant in China

(source : www.waste-management–world.com)

To be equipped with two 500 t/d furnaces and one 20 MW electricity generator to generate on-grid electricity.

All gas emissions to comply with the Euro 2000 Standard and the leachate treatment , which will meet the plant’s reutilization requirements.

Profits Boom as Chinese Waste to Energy Firm Secures Gate fee Increases Hong Kong based waste to energy firm, China Everbright International (SEHK: 00257) has increased revenue to over HK$5.3 billion ($686 million) and reported significantly higher profits for the year ending 31 December 2013.

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Few related news updates on waste to energy plants

(source : www.waste-management–world.com)

U.S. Waste & Recycling Industry Achieves Record Employment Levels

No. of people employed by the waste management and remediation services industry in the U.S. has reached a record high, according to new statistics from the Bureau of Labor Statistics

Report: Waste to Energy Technology Could Cut Pollution from Canadian Cement Industry

Canadian environmental charity, Pollution Probe, has published research which suggests that the recovery of energy from waste using would have positive environmental and economic impacts across Ontario’s cement sector.

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8. Public Gardens / Parks / Water FrontsLet our gardens guard the greenery around !

Most of the measures discussed for public places are applicable for Public gardens as well

Sufficient no. of dust bins at regular locations would ensure cleanliness

An effective mechanism to clear the dust bins on a daily basis shall be ensured

Dust bins along water fronts are must, else public will be forced to throw items in lake / canal etc..

Abroad, most of the Public Garden / Parks will have public announcement systems which should be started in Indian parks too - for announcing the above measures as well to play light Indian music during other times – Refreshing Idea!

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9. Tourist Spots / Historical MonumentsLet our Tourist Spots be Spotless in cleanliness !

Most of the measures discussed for public places / Gardens are all applicable for Tourist spots as well.

In addition, let’s have dispaly boards of quotable quotes, catchy slogans on cleanliness / necessity to maintain the area & clean in strategic locations, without spoiling the sanctity of the area / tourist spots

Some of these instructions / importance of cleanliness to maintain the area clean & green can be printed on the back of entrance ticket

Let’s instill the discipline & sense of maintaining cleanliness in one & all at the entrance of spots itself !

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9. Tourist Spots / Historical MonumentsLet our Tourist Spots be Spotless in cleanliness !

Entrance of any tourist spots is key, if we maintain it clean, it’s the way forward to keep the area neat

In addition, if we maintain cleanliness inside all our tourist spots, every tourist will be forced to maintain that…..take for instance, two model places …..Swami Narayan Temple in Delhi – North India or Vivekanand Rock Memorial in Kanyakumari – South India, both places are maintained spick and span & nobody dares to make it dirty…..as, “CLEANLINESS SUCCEEDS CLEANLINESS !”

“DIRTINESS BREEDS DIRTINESS ! !”

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10. Cleanliness Public & Government OfficesLet’s believe it - Cleanliness is next to Godliness

Maintenance of cleanliness in all Public & Government offices are also equally important

Unless Government Departments (Central or State) maintains their office neat, clean and green, one cannot expect the aam janta janardhan to do better !

No matter, office may look old, even small yet, one can still make it look neat, clean, lean & green !

Let’s also have 360 deg. view on cleanliness inside our office……in the sense….remove all cobwebs regularly !

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Cleanliness Public & Government Offices – Global Practice

Abroad, most of the progressive nations give lot of importance to ‘Flower pots’ in the entrance as well as inside the offices & a large no. of them are kept in all public offices, public places etc.. which gives aesthetically a neat appearance !

Grass / Greenery / Water bodies / Flowers at the entrance of any office, would send a positive vibe to visitors

This is one area, India can certainly do still better !

So, Let’s have a make over ……and make our Govt. Offices look sleek, leaner, better, cleaner & Greener!

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Let’s follow these 10 best practices to make

Incredible India…….

C lean & G reen L ean & R adiant E fficient & E

nergetic A ble & E bulient N oble & N ice Incredible India…….can surely then enter top ten cleanest countries in the

world !

Last…but not the least ……..

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….. thanks ..… for patient reading …..of task presentation !

Choice is ours…..Want to change....!Come 'on India….!!

Every Indian can play his / her part….

…..to make a difference to….improve the living standards…

of fellow Indian !!!Let’s change….Let India change for

better …. !****