metrolinx green paper 4: transportation demand management (tdm)
DESCRIPTION
WHAT IS TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT (TDM)? Transportation Demand Management is the use of policies, programs, services and products to influence whether, why, when, where and how people travel. Its goal is to make personal travel decisions more sustainable and to make more efficient use of our existing transportation system. Potential TDM initiatives range from expanded school and employer incentive programs to regulatory and pricing measures that encourage people to use the transportation system efficiently. TDM has two general approaches: Education, promotion and outreach – raising individuals’ awareness, improving their understanding and building positive attitudes about sustainable transportation choices; and Incentives and disincentives – offering tangible benefits or obstacles related to personal travel choices and making certain choices more or less attractive on a practical level. TDM will have a fundamental role in making the best use of existing facilities and maximizing the return on future investments in public transit, active transportation, roads and goods movement. It will help ensure that the transportation system across the GTHA is being used as efficiently as possible. Through targeted actions and programs, we can become a TDM leader in North America. We look forward to reading your comments. http://metrolinx-consult.limehouse.com/portal/reviewgreenpaper4TRANSCRIPT
DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
Transportation Demand Management
(TDM)
Presentation to Metrolinx Board
February 8, 2008
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DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
TDM PrimerTDM is the use of policies, programs, services and products to influence whether, why, when, where and how people travelIt motivates individuals to rethink their transportation choices
WHEN?WHEN?TIME
Weekday peak hourWeekday off-peak
EveningWeekend
WHETHER?WHETHER?SUBSTITUTES
TeleworkTeleconferencingOnline shopping
Trip chaining
WHY?WHY?PURPOSE
WorkSchool
ShoppingRecreation
WHERE?WHERE?DESTINATION
StreetNeighbourhood
CommunityCity
HOW?HOW?MODE
WalkingCycling
Public transitCar driver/passenger
TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT (TDM)TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT (TDM)
TRANSPORTATION DEMAND
WHEN?WHEN?TIME
Weekday peak hourWeekday off-peak
EveningWeekend
WHETHER?WHETHER?SUBSTITUTES
TeleworkTeleconferencingOnline shopping
Trip chaining
WHY?WHY?PURPOSE
WorkSchool
ShoppingRecreation
WHERE?WHERE?DESTINATION
StreetNeighbourhood
CommunityCity
HOW?HOW?MODE
WalkingCycling
Public transitCar driver/passenger
TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT (TDM)TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT (TDM)
TRANSPORTATION DEMAND
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DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
TRANSPORTATION
SUPPLY LAND
USE
TRANSPORTATIONDEMAND
TRANSPORTATION AND LAND USE
SYSTEM
TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT
SUPP
ORTI
VE
LAND
USE
PR
ACTI
CES
SUSTAINABLE
TRAVEL OPTIONS
TRANSPORTATION
SUPPLY LAND
USE
TRANSPORTATIONDEMAND
TRANSPORTATION AND LAND USE
SYSTEM
TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT
SUPP
ORTI
VE
LAND
USE
PR
ACTI
CES
SUSTAINABLE
TRAVEL OPTIONS
TDM PrimerTDM shapes the economic & social factors that influence travel demandMeasures include:• Incentives &
disincentives• Education,
promotion & outreach
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DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
Benefits of TDMSupports sustainable transportation outcomes (health, environment, congestion)Defers/reduces infrastructure needsIncreases return on infrastructure investmentImproves personal access to opportunityMakes businesses more competitive
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DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
TDM Measures by Target Market (1)Initiative Types &
Target Markets Example Measures
Workplace Commuters
Subsidized transit passes Tax exemption for transit benefits Ridematching services Vanpool promotion On-site active transportation linkages, bike parking and shower facilities Telework or flexible work hour programs Video/teleconferencing Office locations near transit service Parking pricing Parking cash-out programs Emergency ride home programs
School Students Parents Staff
Walking school buses “School pool” ridematching Cycling skills training Sustainable transportation curriculum On-site active transportation linkages and bike parking
Post-secondary Institution Students Staff Faculty
Universal transit passes Ridematching Parking pricing Virtual classes On-site active transportation linkages, bike parking and shower facilities
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DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
TDM Measures by Target Market (2)Initiative Types &
Target Markets Example Measures
Household Individuals and
families in their own neighbourhoods
Individualized marketing Community-wide ridematching Car sharing Location-efficient mortgages Developer-provided transit passes
Community-wide Users of particular
transportation services or facilities
Specific population segments
Transit fare discounts Parking levies Transit service branding Special community events and challenges Online trip planners Real-time transit information Road pricing (tolls) Distance-based vehicle insurance
Corridor All those travelling to,
from or through the corridor
Various measures concentrated along a particular travel corridor Transportation management associations Shuttle services
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DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
Lessons LearnedTDM is a “team sport”• Government, business,
institutions, NGOsTDM requires a strategic approach to marketing• Focus on people most likely to
change, and whyIncentives, disincentives & information do work• Carrots & sticks best in
combination
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DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
Leveraging New InfrastructurePortland MAX LRT – Interstate Corridor
44%
-14%
24%
-8%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
Transit Driving
Obse
rved
chan
ge in
beh
aviou
r
Trav elSmart area
Control area
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DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
Impacts of Smart Commute Programs
0123456789
1011
2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007
Car
s Re
mov
ed P
er D
ay (1
000s
)
Source: Smart Commute Initiative: Effective Congestion Relief flyer
Existing Programs as a FoundationNeeds much greater investment, staffing, coordination & prioritySmart Commute people, organizations, partnerships, brand & tools are a fundamental building blockYork University is a “best of breed” case study in CanadaOpportunities to build on trip planners, Presto smart card, HOV lanes, active & safe routes to school
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DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
Putting Plans and Policies in PlaceMunicipal Plan TDM Goals and Recommendations
Oakville - Transportation Master Plan (2007)
• Hire a City of Oakville TDM Coordinator, in addition to a Halton Region coordinator
Durham – Transportation Master Plan (2003), Setting the Stage for TDM (2006), TDM Study report (2007)
• Develop a TDM Program in Durham Region • Hire a TDM coordinator • Pursue funding for TDM initiatives • Develop TDM-supportive land use guidelines and checklist • Launch Smart Commute Durham with Region to deliver services
Hamilton - Travel Demand Management Policy Paper (2005)
• 20% reduction in auto vehicle kilometres of travel by 2031 through mode shifts and other TDM measures
• Hire a TDM coordinator Peel - Transportation Demand Management Study (2004)
• Integrate TDM into TMP and OP • Coordinate with Smart Commute, Area Municipalities and Stakeholders • Develop 5 year TDM action plan • Identify TMAs
Brampton - Transportation and Transit Master Plan (2004)
• Implement TDM programs for City staff • Provide start-up support for a car-sharing initiative downtown. • Create and support TMAs for key areas of high commercial/industrial activity • Develop and undertake a social marketing campaign for major employers and residents
York - Transportation Master Plan (2002)
• Establish network of HOV lanes • Hire a TDM coordinator • Revise land use and parking policies to support TDM
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DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
TDM Vision: Key IssuesBring TDM into the mainstream• Planning, decision making, public life
Leverage infrastructure investments• Required by Building Canada Fund
Apply sticks, not just carrots• Road pricing, parking management
Be a technology leader • Smart cards & traveller information
Create alignment & partnerships• Programs, policies, legislation
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DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
Options for ActionTrend, Incremental & Bold Scenarios• Government leadership• Commuter travel• School travel• Promotion & outreach• Traveller information• Transportation pricing• Parking management• Supportive infrastructure & land use
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DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
Options for Action: Some Incremental InitiativesRoutine part of infrastructure & service improvementsLarger employers must offer commuter programsEmployer transit pass subsidies are routineRemoval of legal vanpooling barriersCollege & university U-Passes are routineSchool travel plans are mandatoryNew homes include transit passes, car sharing511 travel information systemReal-time wireless transit & traffic informationParking reform: More paid, tighter zoning, tax equity for structured/surface lots
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DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
Options for Action: Some Bold InitiativesFree transit passes for most employees & studentsEmployer transit benefits are tax-exemptEmergency ride home offered at larger workplaces Part-time telework is routineSchools rationalized to minimize travel Region-wide branding & individualized marketingSingle integrated online travel plannerTolls on provincial highways & arterials, revenue used for transportationDistance-based vehicle registration & insuranceParking reform: Most paid, zoning maximums, no surface lots near rapid transit, commercial tax, employee cash-out
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DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
Evaluating OptionsBenefits• People, Environment & Economy
Risks• Public & political acceptance• Resource & cost requirements• Regulatory & legislative barriers• Technical feasibility• Effectiveness• Implementation risk
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DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE GREATER TORONTO AND HAMILTON AREA
Quick WinsMetrolinx commitments• Web-based trip planner• Personal carbon footprint
calculatorPossibilities• Business travel plans for
provincial & municipal offices• Vanpooling pilot project &
removal of legal barriers• Pilot projects for school travel
plans• Pilot projects for individualized
marketing