membrane introduction presented by joe toong e-mail:[email protected]
TRANSCRIPT
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Membrane Introduction
• Membrane is a semipermeable membrane, is a thin layer of material.
• It needs oresurre to drive membrane process.
• Classify three type membrane– Microfiltration (MF)
– Ultrfiltration (UF)
– Reverse Osmosis Membrane (RO)
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Membrane Particle Separation
• MF-particle > 0.2 um
• UF-organics > 10,000 MW, Virus, and colloids
• NF-Organics: > 400 MW and hardness ions
• RO-salts and low MW organics
• Particle: Giardia, Cryptosporidium, bacteria, and turbidity
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Membrane System Design
• MF always be considered as a part of pretreatment to RO or NF to replace fouling potential.
• Both NF and RO are employed to desalt or remove hardness from gound water.
• System equipment components: prescreen, feed pump, cleaning tank, automatic gas backwash systems, air compressor, membrane integrity monitor, a back wash water transfer tank, pressure break reservoir, etc..
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Membrane Separation Relative Cost Analysis
• MF < UF < NF < RO or ED/EDR
• If TDS removal > 3,000 mg/L, RO or ED/EDR may be less costly.
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RO Consumables Typical Applications反滲透膜商業應用
• Municipal Water 大都會• Food & Beverage 飲食界• Antifreeze Reclaim 抗凍• Plating Facilities 電鍍• Car Wash 汽車• Military 軍事• Boiler Applications 鍋爐• Uranium Mining 牰礦• Pharmaceutical 醫藥
• Electronic Industry Fluids • Semiconductor 半導體• Hemodialysis腎解析• Bottled Water 瓶裝水• Power Plants 電力系統• Waste Reclaimation• Bio-Tech生化系統• Petrochemical &
Refineries 石化系統• Process Water 流程水
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反滲透膜汙染物排除率功效
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家庭用四段过濾反滲透膜系統
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家庭用五段过濾反滲透膜系統
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RO Water for Boiler
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Recycle water from RO
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Explosion Proof Seawater Desalination
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Resort Hotel Seawater Desalination
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Bottled Water Unit
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Bottled Water System
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Kidney Dialysis RO Unit
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Industrial Process RO
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Assembly Manufacturer
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Mixed Bed Deionizer
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Multi Media Filtration Unit
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Biological growth on membrane surface using scanning electron microscope (SEM). 35,000x magnification
Biological growth on RO Membrane反滲透膜表面微生物成長顯微透視圖
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反滲透膜表面水垢晶狀體形成圖案
Membrane scale at 35,000x magnification. Scale consists of calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, silica, iron, barium and strontium sulfate.
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Note impressions left on membrane surface from the flowchannels frompressure. Delamination often occurs as a result of backpressure from the permeate side and can cause irreparable damage to the membrane.
Delamination of glue lines at edge of membrane
反滲透膜表面邊緣膠脫落
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Biological growth in membrane flow channels反滲透膜内層管道微生物成長圖案
Flow channels in membrane fouled with biological growth.
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Membrane fouled by humic acid using scanning electron microscope (SEM) at 35,000x magnification.