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Mediterranean Diet and Prevention of Hypertension Christina

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Research indicates Mediterranean populations have lower incidents of CVD

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MUFA and polyphenols in Olive oil have beneficial effects on blood pressure

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Fruits and Vegetable intake has an inverse relationship with High Blood Pressure

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Decreased alcohol intake may reduce blood pressure

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Moderate sodium intake may reduce the risk of hypertension and lower blood pressure DECREASEDECREASE INCREASEINCREASE

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High fiber intake is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease and may lower BP

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Adhering to a Mediterranean diet with positive lifestyle patterns will help reduce BP

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Bes-Rastrollo, M., Martinez, J. A., Diez-Espino, J., Buil-Cosiales, P., Serrano-Martinez, M., Martinez- Gonzalez, M., & Cabello-Saavedra, E. (2010). Macronutrient intake and metabolic syndrome in subjects at high cardiovascular risk. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism, 56(2), 152-159. doi: 10.1159/000280104 Bibbins-Domingo, K., Chertow, G. M., Coxson, P. G., Moran, A., Lightwood, J. M., Pletcher, M. J., & Goldman, L. (2010). Projected effect of dietary salt reductions on future cardiovascular disease The New England Journal of Medicine, doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0907355 Chiva-Blanch, G., Urpi-Sarda, M., Ros, E., Arranz, S., Valderas-Martinez, P., Casas, R.,... Estruch, R. (2012). Dealcoholized red wine decreases systolic and diastolic blood pressure and increases plasma nitric oxide Circulation Research, doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.112.275636 De Oliveira E Silva, E. R., Foster, D., McGee Harper, M., Seidman, C. E., Smith, J. D., Breslow, J. L., & Brinton, E. A. (2000). Alcohol consumption raises HDL cholesterol levels by increasing the transport rate of apolipoproteins A-I and A-II Circulation, 102(19), 2347-2352. Dietary Guidelines for Americans Advisory Committee (DGAC). (2010). Report of the dietary guidelines advisory committee on the dietary guidelines for Americans, 2010. Retrieved October/26, 2012, from http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/Publications/DietaryGuidelines/2010/DGAC/Report/2010DGACReport- camera-ready-Jan11-11.pdf http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/Publications/DietaryGuidelines/2010/DGAC/Report/2010DGACReport- camera-ready-Jan11-11.pdf Panagiotakos, D. B., Pitsavos, C., & Stefanadis, C. (2006). Dietary patterns: A Mediterranean diet score and its relation to clinical and biological markers of cardiovascular disease risk Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases : NMCD, 16(8), 559-568. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2005.08.006 References

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Estruch, R., Martnez-Gonzlez, M. A., Corella, D., Salas-Salvad, J., Ruiz-Gutirrez, V., Covas, M. I.,... Ros, E. (2006). Effects of a Mediterranean-style diet on cardiovascular risk factors: A randomized trial. Annals of Internal Medicine, 145(1), 1-11. Galleano, M., Pechanova, O., & Fraga, C. G. (2010). Hypertension, nitric oxide, oxidants, and dietary plant polyphenols. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 11(8), 837-848. Jonnalagadda, S. S., Harnack, L., Rui, H. L., McKeown, N., Seal, C., Liu, S., & Fahey, G. C. (2011). Putting the whole grain puzzle together: Health benefits associated with whole GrainsSummary of American society for nutrition 2010 satellite symposium doi: 10.3945/jn.110.132944 Mediterranean diet Retrieved 10/26/2012, 2012, from http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/GettingHealthy/NutritionCenter/Mediterranean- Diet_UCM_306004_Article.jsp http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/GettingHealthy/NutritionCenter/Mediterranean- Diet_UCM_306004_Article.jsp Mediterranean diet and prevention of coronary heart disease in the elderly Retrieved 10/25/2012, 2012, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2684076/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2684076/ Melanson, E. L., Astrup, A., & Donahoo, W. T. (2009). The relationship between dietary fat and fatty acid intake and body weight, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism, 55(1- 3), 229-243. Psaltopoulou, T., Naska, A., Orfanos, P., Trichopoulos, D., Mountokalakis, T., & Trichopoulou, A. (2004). Olive oil, the Mediterranean diet, and arterial blood pressure: The Greek European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC) study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 80(4), 1012-1018.

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Schroder, H., Schmelz, E., & Marrugat, J. (2002). Relationship between diet and blood pressure in a representative Mediterranean population European Journal of Nutrition, 41(4), 161-167. doi: 10.1007/s00394-002-0372-4 Topic: Executive summary of recommendations Retrieved 10/25/2012, 2012, from http://andevidencelibrary.com/topic.cfm?cat=3259 http://andevidencelibrary.com/topic.cfm?cat=3259 Whelton, S. P., Hyre, A. D., Pedersen, B., Yi, Y., Whelton, P. K., & He, J. (2005). Effect of dietary fiber intake on blood pressure: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials Journal of Hypertension, 23(3), 475-481. Wine and your heart Retrieved 10/26/2012, 2012, from http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/103/3/472.full http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/103/3/472.full Zacharias, E. (2012). The Mediterranean diet. New York: Springer. Mohamed Saleem, T. S., & Darbar Basha, S. (2010). Red wine: A drink to your heart. Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research, 1(4), 171-176. Panagiotakos, D. B., Pitsavos, C., Arvaniti, F., & Stefanadis, C. (2007). Adherence to the Mediterranean food pattern predicts the prevalence of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and obesity, among healthy adults; the accuracy of the MedDietScore Preventive Medicine, 44(4), 335-340. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.12.009 References