maame ama a chia propsal 2
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THE USE OF QUARRY DUST AND POULTRY MANURE AS SUBSTITUTES FOR INORGANIC FERTILIZER IN CUCUMBER PRODUCTION.
A C A S E S T U DY O F T E C H I M A N M U N I C I PA L I T Y
INTRODUCTION
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) a member of the Cucurbitaceae family which also includes squashes, pumpkins, muskmelons, watermelons, and gourds, is native of Asia and Africa, where it has been consumed for 3,000 years. It is a popular fresh market vegetable in salads and also is processed into oriental-type pickles in other parts of the world.
INTRODUCTION CONTINUED
It mostly has green skin with a very attractive bright golden yellow to orange color when ripe.
In Ghana, cucumber production is on the low side and, the country is ranked 122nd in its production in the world which is insignificant.
It is however a popular fresh market vegetable which is largely consumed in the country.
INTRODUCTION CONTINUED
With respect to cucumber production, not much has been done with quarry dust, at least nothing that has been put on records in Ghana although it has been used in the production of other vegetables such as carrots and onions in other countries (BBC, 2004). So the relevant questions that need to be answered are; “can quarry dust be used at all in cucumber production? Can it be substituted for inorganic fertilizer thereby reducing cost of production in the growing of cucumbers?”
MAIN OBJECTIVES
To determine whether or not, quarry dust is a better substitute for inorganic fertilizer in the production of cucumber.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
To assess the growth and yield of cucumber planted with inorganic fertilizer (NPK), quarry dust and poultry manure.
To compare the cost benefit ratios of cucumber production using NPK ,quarry dust and poultry manure.
.
LITERATURE REVIEW
According to Paul kelbie, an independent writer in the united kingdom in the article stone dust, rock dust, a quarrying by-product, could revitalize barren soil and reverse climate change
LITERATURE REVIEW CONT’S
In the same article, Cameron and Moira Thomson, activists in the quarry dust campaign says “ We could cover the earth with rock dust and start to absorb carbon in a more natural fashion…”
The couple claim the technique may also play a significant role in the fight against climate change as calcium and magnesium in the dust converts carbon in the air into carbonates.
LITERATURE REVIEW CONT’S
Quarry dust is cheap to obtain although its transportation may be difficult and or expensive because it is bulky. However, it must be stated that, upon series of agricultural experimentations, it has been found to supplement certain vital soil nutrients such as calcium and magnesium. (B Reuben, 2013, use of rock dust in bio-fertilizers)
These vital nutrients are required by plants in appropriate quantities which the quarry dust readily makes available.
It has been proven that, vegetables particularly do extremely well when planted with quarry dust as compared to any other form of fertilization(BBC, 2004)
LITERATURE REVIEW CONT’S
LITERATURE REVIEW CONT’S
NB: The picture in the slide that follows shows the yield of
carrots grown with quarry dust and without quarry dust.
LITERATURE REVIEW CONTINUES
LITERATURE REVIEW CONT’S
The British broadcasting cooperation (BBC) in the month of April 2004 reported that, Cabbages the size of footballs and onions that fill the palm of your hand were then being grown in the barren soil and harsh climate of a Scottish glen where nothing had been grown for human consumption for the past 58 years. This success was also attributed to stone or quarry dust.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
THE MATERIALS NEEDED ARE Area of land Cucumber seeds (seeded) Ropes Laborers
MATERIALS AND METHODS CONTINUES
Quarry dustPoultry droppingsNPK fertilizer(15:15:15)Weedicides (round-up)
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
There shall be six treatments for the purpose of this experiment and these are
Organic manure(poultry based) ---represented by TI
Quarry dust -----------represented by T2 Inorganic (NPK )----- represented by T3
MATERIALS AND METHODS CONTINUED
Quarry dust and poultry dropping – represented by T4 Inorganic(NPK) and quarry dust -- represented by T5 Organic, inorganic and quarry dust --- represented by
T6
NB
: The above stated experiment shall be replicated 5 times and laid out under the complete randomized block design as follows. The results from the experiment shall also be subjected to the analysis of variance.
PLOT DESIGN
A(R1) B(R2) C(R3) D(R4) E(R5)T1 T3 T6 T2 T3T3 T5 T3 T3 T4T2 T6 T2 T4 T1T4 T1 T1 T1 T3T6 T4 T5 T6 T2T5 T2 T4 T5 T5
SOURCES OF VARRIATION
DEGREE OF FREEDOM
TOTAL 29TREATMENT 5REPLICATE 4ERROR 20
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE (ANOVA) TABLE
METHODOLOGY CONTINUED
The rates of application will be as about to be specified. 1000-2000 kg of quarry dust per hector. 100g per plant 117 kg of NPK per hector. 17g per plant 1000kg of poultry droppings per hector. 100g per hector.
This estimation is for a field density of 10000 plants at a planting distance of 1meter×1 meter
DATA COLLECTION
Data to be collected through out the project are;Germination percentageThe number of leaves per plantThe number of flowers per plantThe number of fruits per plantFruit weight Cost of productionProceeds generated
DATA ANALYSIS
Data that will be collected as stated will be subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results and discussion will be based on the effects of the various fertilizers on the cucumber with much emphasis placed on quarry dust as a substitute for inorganic fertilizer.
EXPECTED OUTCOME
At the end of this work, the following shall be known. the cost and yield of cucumber produced with inorganic
fertilizer(NPK) The cost and yield of cumber grown with quarry dust. The cost and yield of cucumber grown with organic
fertilizer (Poultry droppings) The most feasible mode of fertilization for cucumber
production.
WORK SCHEDULE.
activities October November December January February march
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Literature review
Practical/ field work
Data collection
Report writing and analysis
Submission of report
REFERENCES
Hanna, H.Y. and A.J. Adams. 1991. Staking fresh market cucumbers for higher yields: a long term research report. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 104:237-240.
Hochmuth, G.J. (ed.) 1988. Cucumber production guide for Florida. Fl. Coop. Ext. Serv. Circ. 101-E.
REFERENCES
Dunn, J. W., J. W. Berry, L. F. Kime, R. M. Harsh, and J. K. Harper. Agricultural Alternatives: Developing a Roadside Farm Market. University Park: Penn State Cooperative Extension, 2006.
Dunn, J. W., J. K. Harper, and L. F. Kime. Agricultural Alternatives: Fruit and Vegetable Marketing for Small-Scale and Part-Time Growers. University Park: Penn State Cooperative Extension, 2009.
