Looking Inside the cell

After this lesson will be able to:Describe the functions of cells structures and organelles.

Objectives

Glowing Globs

Do these cells look as if they’re glowing? These photographs show cells that have been stained with dyes that make cell structures easier to see. Scientists view such treated cells through a fluorescent microscope, which uses strong light to activate the dyes and make them glow. Here, each green area is a cell’s nucleus, or control center. The yellow “fibers” form a kind of support structure for the cell.

How do the parts of the cells work?

• Cells contain a number of smaller structures that divide up the jobs inside the cell.

• Each kind of cell structure has a different function within a cell.

• Every cell is surrounded by a cell membrane, which controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell.

Parts of the cell

• Cytoplasm - Jobs inside the cell are handled by specialized organelles suspended in the cell’s gel-like substance

• Nucleus - directs the cell’s activities

• Lysosomes - break down food into smaller particles

• Mitochondria -convert the energy stored in food to energy the cell can use

• Ribosomes - produce proteins

• Endoplasmic reticulum - modify proteins and move them around inside the cell

• Golgi apparatus - modify proteins and move them around inside the cell

• Vacuoles - structures where the cell can store water, food, or wastes.

Parts of the cell

Plant cells have two structures that are not found in animal cells:

• Cell wall - which surrounds the cell and helps support it

• Chloroplasts - capture the energy in sunlight to power the process the plant uses to make its own food.

Looking Inside Cells

ChloroplastA chloroplast captures energy from sunlight and changes it to a form of energy cells can use in making food. Chloroplasts make leaves green because leaf cells contain many chloroplasts.

A Typical Animal Cell

Each kind of cell structure has a different function within a cell. Where is the cell membrane?

Looking Inside Cells

Organelles of a Cell

The structures of a cell look as different as their functions.

Name each organelle, Where do you find these structures in the cell diagram?

Chromatin

Nucleolus

Nuclearenvelope

Pores

What does the nuclear envelope do? In what types of cells wouldyou expect to find a lot of mitochondria?

Ribosomes

What do ribosomes do?

Looking Inside Cells

Plant Cell

These illustrations show typical structures found in plant cells.

What is the function of each structure?

Looking Inside Cells

Animal Cell

These illustrations show typical structures found in animal cells.

What is the function of each structure?

Looking Inside Cells

Looking Inside Cells

Compare and contrast the structures present in plant cells and animal cells.

Looking Inside Cells

Golgi Apparatus

How can this sentence be completed? The Golgi Apparatus is an organelle that ___________ and ___________ materials made in the __________.

Looking Inside Cells

Model for a Cell FunctionHow do the parts of a cell function in ways that are similar to the parts of a building?