Cell Review-Organelles Looking Inside Cells Organelles: Smaller structures inside the cell Carry out specific functions for the cell What holds the cell together? Cell Wall: Non living material : Cellulose Surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms Allows nutrients in What holds the cell together? Cytoskeleton Protein framework Animals & many single-celled organisms Cell Membrane Outer layer of animals cells Inside cell wall of plant cells Controls what substances come into and out of a cell - maintains the stable environment Nucleus Control center of the cell, directing all cells activities. Nuclear Envelope surrounds nucleus Chromatin genetic material Nucleolus makes ribosomes The Cells Cytoplasm Between the cell membrane and the nucleus. Contains many organelles: mitochondria, ER, ribosomes, Golgi bodies, chloroplasts, vacuoles, and lysosomes.) The Cells Power Plants Mitochondria- converts energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions. Carbohydrates ATP The Cells Delivery System Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) A membrane covered compartment that maze of passageways Helps to form proteins. Internal delivery system of the cell, transports proteins through the passageways May be covered w/ ribosomes (rough ER) Protein Factories Ribosomes Attached to surface of ER Factories to produce proteins The Cells Packaging Center Golgi Bodies Flattened sacs and tubes Modifies, packages and transports proteins throughout the cell Also releases materials outside the cell Chloroplasts Chloroplast found in plants Where photosynthesis occurs (energy of sun used to make sugar) The Cells Storage Centers Vacuoles storage containers for water and other liquids Most plant cells have 1 large vacuole, animals cells have smaller storage organelles Packages of Destruction Lysosomes Contain enzymes Digest food particles, waste, cell parts, and foreign invaders Plant or Animal?? Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplast and large vacuole (animals dont) They both have a cell membrane, nuclei, ribosomes, mitochondria, ER, Golgi, and lysosomes