kpd;gyr; nrwpt myf - 06 · 2021. 1. 18. · kpd;gyk; - myf 06 - - eng. t. thapesan ; hd...

kpd;Gyk; - myF 06 Eng. T. Thapesan- 1 -

kpd;Gyr; nrwpTmyF - 06

$Nyhkpd; Neu;khW tu;f;f tpjp

,U Gs;sp Vw;wq;fSf;fpilapy; cs;s ftu;r;rptpir my;yJ js;StpirahdJ mt;

Vw;wq;fspd; ngUf;fj;jpw;F Neu;tpfpjrkdhfTk;> mt;Ntw;wq;fSf;fpilapyhd Jhuj;jpd;

tu;f;fj;jpw;F Neu;khW tpfpj rkdhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;.

,q;F o - kpd;dDkjpj;jpwd;

01. 2 C > 5 C Vw;wq;fs; 3 m ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sNghJ mt; Vw;wq;fspy;

njhopw;gLk; tpir ahJ?

02. A, B vDk; Gs;sp NeNuw;wq;fs; fhl;bathW cs;s NghJ P ,y; itf;fg;gLk;

Vw;wk; xd;wpy; jhf;Fk; tpisAs; tpir g+r;rpak; Mapd; A, B ,Ys;s Vw;wq;fspd;

tpfpjk; ahJ?

03. a gf;fePsk; nfhz;l rkgf;f Kf;Nfhzpapd; cr;rpfs; A, B, C ,y; KiwNa +q, +q,

+ Q Gs;sp Vw;wq;fs; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. C ,y; cs;s Vw;wj;jpy; jhf;Fk; tpisAs;

kpd;tpir ahJ?

04. NkNy cs;s tpdhtpy; B cs;s Vw;wk; -q Mf khw;wg;gbd; C ,Ys;s Vw;wj;jpy;

jhf;Fk; tpisAs; kpd;tpir ahJ?

05. xg;gkhd fpilj;jiuapy; Gs;spfs; A, B ,y; + Q, - q Vw;wq;fs; itf;fg;gl;L + Q

it epiyahf gpbj;J - q [ nkJthf tpLtpf;fg;gl;l NghJ mJ + Q [ mZFk;

tiu mjd; Ntfk; Neuj;Jld; khWgLtijAk;> Vw;wq;fSf;fpilg;gl;l Jhuj;Jld;

Ntfk; khWgLtijAk;> Vw;wq;fSf;fpilg;gl;l Jhuk; Neuj;Jld; khWgLtijAk;

fhl;Lk; tiuGfis tiuf.

05. NkNy cs;s tpdhtpy; A, B ,Ys;s ,U Vw;wq;fSk; NeNuw;wkhf ,Ug;gpd; B

cs;s Vw;wk; tpLtpf;fg;gLk; NghJ NkNy tiue;j %d;W tiuGfisAk; tiuf.

r

F F

Q q

F Qq

2

1F

r

2

QqF

r

2

o

1 QqF

4 r

9 2 2

o

19 10 NC m

4

A B

a b

P


06. Xg;gkhd fpilj;jiuapy; cs;s rkgf;f Kf;Nfhzpapd; cr;rpfspy; q Vw;wq;fs;

itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,tw;iwr; rkepiyapy; itj;jpUg;gjw;F Kf;Nfhzj;jpd; ikag;

Nghypapy; - Q Vw;wk; itf;fg;gl Ntz;b ,Ug;gpd; Q

q ,d; ngWkjp ahJ?

07. 20 cm gf;fKila rkgf;f Kf;Nfhzk; ABC ,d; cr;rpfs; A, B, C ,y; KiwNa

3 x 10-9 C, 2 x 10-9 C, 1 x 10-9 C Vw;wq;fs; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. BC ,d; eLg;Gs;sp D ,y;

1 C Vw;wk; itf;fg;gbd; mjpy; jhf;Fk; tpirapidf; fhz;f.

08. ikaj;jpw;Fk; cr;rpf;Fk; ,ilg;gl;l Jhuk; a cila n cr;rpfisf; nfhz;l

xOq;fhd gy;Nfhzp xd;wpd; n - 1 cr;rpfspy; rk Vw;wq;fs; q itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

gy;Nfhzpapd; ikaj;jpy; itf;fg;gLk; Q Vw;wj;jpy; njhopw;gLk; tpisAs; tpir

ahJ?

09. fhl;ba njhFjp xg;gkhd fpil Nkir kPJs;sJ. A

,ypUe;J x Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;sp B ,y; + q Vw;wk;

itf;fg;gLk; NghJ RUsp tpy;ypy; Vw;gl;l neUf;fk;

4x MFk;. RUs; tpy;ypd; neUf;fk; x Mf miktjw;F

A ,ypUe;J vt;tsT Jhuj;jpy; + q Vw;wk; itf;fg;gly;

Ntz;Lk;?

10. A vd;Dk; + q Vw;wk; xd;W fhl;bathW epiyg;gLj;jg; gl;bUf;ifapy;

mt;Vw;wj;jpd; fPo; h Moj;jpy; B vd;Dk; m jpzpTila Vw;wk; xd;W

itf;fg;gl mJ rkepiyapy; ,Ug;gpd; mt;Vw;wj;jpd; gUkidAk; FwpiaAk;

fhz;f.

x

+Q

BA

h

A+q

B m


flj;jpfis kpd;Ndw;Wjy;

njhLifapdhy; kpd;Ndw;wy;

kpd;Ndw;wpa flj;jp xd;Wld; kpd;Ndw;wg;glhj flj;jp xd;iw njhLifAwr; nra;Ak;

NghJ my;yJ xU fk;gp xd;wpdhy; njhLf;Fk; NghJ Vw;wKs;s flj;jpapypUe;J

Vw;wkpy;yhj flj;jpf;F Vw;wk; gha;e;J mf;flj;jp kpd;Ndw;wg;gLk;.

Vw;wg;glhj Nfhsk; xd;iw Vw;wpa Nfhy; xd;wpdhy; njhLifAwr; nra;Ak; NghJ

Vw;wk; guk;gy; milAk;. Nfhypy; Vw;wj;jpd; nrwpT FiwtilAk;.

J}z;lypdhy; kpd;Ndw;wy;

xU Vw;wg;glhj Nfhsf;flj;jpia Neu; Vw;wk; ngw;w Nfhy; xd;wpdhy; J}z;ly; Kiwahy;

kpd;Ndw;Wjy;>

Vw;wg;glhj Nfhsk; xd;iw Vw;wpa Nfhy; xd;wpdhy; J}z;ly; Kiwahy; kpd;Ndw;Wk;

NghJ Nfhypy; Vw;wj;jpd; nrwpT khw;wkilahJ.

+

+++

++

++

+

+

+

++

++

++

++

++

+

++

+

++

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+ +

+

+

+

++

+

+

+

+

+

+++

++

++

+

+

+

++

++

+

++

++

+

++

Step 3

+

+++

++

++

+

+

+

++

++

+

++

++

+

++

Step 1 Step 2

+ +

+

+++

++

++

+

+

+

++

++

+

++

++

+

++

Step 4

+

Step 5


,U Vw;wg;glhj Nfhsf;flj;jpfis Neu; Vw;wk; ngw;w Nfhy; xd;wpdhy; J}z;ly;

Kiwahy; kpd;Ndw;Wjy;>

cNwhQ;rypdhy; kpd;Ndw;wy;

fz;zhbf; Nfhypid gl;Lj; Jzpapdhy; cNuhQ;Rk; NghJ fz;zhbapypUe;J rpy

,yj;jpud;fs; gl;Lj; Jzpia nrd;wiltjhy; gl;L kiw Vw;wj;ijAk; fz;zhbf;

Nfhy; Neu;Vw;wj;ijAk; ngWk;.

Vgidw;Wf; Nfhypid fk;gspj; Jzpapdhy; cNuhQ;Rk; NghJ fk;gspapy; ,Ue;J rpy

,yj;jpud;fs; vgidw;iw nrd;wiltjhy; Vgidw;W Nfhy; kiw Vw;wj;ijAk; fk;gspj;

Jzp Neu; Vw;wj;ijAk; ngWk;.

nghd;dpiy kpd;fhl;b

nghd;dpiy kpd;fhl;b epiykpd;dpay; Njhw;wg;ghLfis guprPyid

nra;tjw ;Ffe ;j Xu ; vspa fUtp MFk; . ,J S vDk;

milg;nghd;wpw;$lhf cNyhfg; ghj;jpuk; G xd;wpw;Fs; nry;Yk;

cNyhff; Nfhypd; fPo; Kidapy; ,U nghd;dpiyfs; (L) cilaJ.

Nfhypd; cr;rpapy; (C) vd;Dk; cNyhfj; jl;L cz;L. ,J ghj;jpuj;jpw;F

ntspNa cs;sjhFk;. ghj;jpuk; GtpAld; njhLf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;.

Step 1

+

+++

++

++

+

+

+

++

++

+

++

++

+

++

Step 2

+

+

+++

++

++

+

+

+

++

++

+

++

++

+

++

Step 3

+

Step 4

Step 5

C

S

R

L

G


Xu; Vw;wk; ngw;w vgidw;Wf; Nfhy;> jl;L C ,w;F mUNf nfhz;Ltug; gLk; NghJ C,

R, L Mfpatw;iw nfhz;Ls;s cNyhfj; njhFjpapYs;s ,yj;jpud;fs; ,iyfSf;Fj;

js;sg;gLfpd;wd. ,jdhy; ,iyfs; xj;j Vw;wq;fisg; ngw;W mjdhy; js;sg;gl;L

tpupfpd;wd. mNj Ntisapy; Cr4grbfv J}z;ba Neu; Vw;wj;ijg;

ngw;wpUf;Fk;. vgidw;Wf; Nfhy; ePf;fg;gbd; mjhtJ Jhz;ly;

epfor; re;ju;g;gk; ,y;yhky; nra;ag;gbd; ,iyfs; FtpAk;. NkYk;

jl;L C [ Vw;wk; ngw;w Nfhypdhy; njhl;lhy; ngUk; msTs;s

Vw;wk; ,iyfSf;F nfhLf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ,jdhy; ,iyfs;

fzprkhdsT tpupAk;.

ghj;jpuk; Gtpj;njhLg;Gilajhf ,Uf;Fk; NghJ ,iyfspd; tpupjy;

$Ljyhf ,Ug;gpd; mtw;wpYs;s Vw;wKk; $Ljyhf ,Uf;Fk;

vdf; nfhs;sg;gLk;. nghd;dpiy kpd;fhl;b gpuj;jpNafkhf kpd;dOj;j NtWghLfis

xg;gplTk;> kpd;dOj;jq;fis msf;fTk; gad;gLk;. NkYk; kpd;dOj;j NtWghl;bdhNyNa

,iyfs; tpupfpd;wd.

,iyfspd; tpupif kpd;dOj;j NtWghL.


kpd;Gyr; nrwpT / kpd;Gy typik

kpd;Gyk; cs;s gpuNjrj;jpy; itf;fg;gLk; XuyF NeNuw;wj;jpy; njhopw;gLk; tpir

mg;Gs;spapYs;s kpd;Gyr;nrwpit jUk;. mt;tpirapd; jpir kpd;Gyr; nrwptpd; jpirahFk;.

E ,d; myF : NC-1

kpd;Gyr;nrwpT gUkidAk; jpiriaAk; nfhz;bUg;gjdhy; mJ Xu; fhtpf;fzpakhFk;.

01. fhl;bathW xg;gkhd fpilj;jsj;jpw;F rkhe;jukhf E vDk; kpd;Gyr; nrwpT

cs;s NghJ m kg jpzpTk;> + q C Vw;wKk; nfhz;l Gs;spj; jpzpT xd;W fhl;bathW

itf;fg;gl;Lj; jsj;jpd; topNa tyg;gf;fkhf V Ntfj;jpy; vwpag;gLfpd;wJ.

1. jpzptpd; mku;KLfy; ahJ?

2. jpzpT Xa;tila vLf;Fk; Neuk; ahJ?

3. Jzpf;if Xa;tilAk; tiu nrd;w Jhuk;

ahJ?

4. jpzpT kPz;Lk; vwpag;gl;l Gs;spia mila

vLf;Fk; Neuk; ahJ?

5. vwpag;gLk; jpzptpd; Ntfk; Neuj;Jld; khWgLtijf; fhl;Lk; tiuig tiuf.

02. Gtp Nkw;gug;gpy; epiyf;Fj;jhff; fPo; Nehf;fp E kpd;Gyr; nrwpTila ,lj;jpy; L

ePs vspa Crnyhd;W njhq;ftplg;gl;L miya tplg;gLfpd;wJ. Cry; Fz;bd;

jpzpT m ck;> Vw;wk; + q ck; vdpd; mjd; miyT fhyk; ahJ?

03. fhl;ba jpirapy; rPuhd kpd;Gyr; nrwpT E cs;s

,lj;jpy;>

a. A B ,w;F

b. B C ,w;F

c. A C ,w;F + q Vw;wnkhd;iwf; fhl;ba ghijtopNa nfhz;L nry;yr; nra;a

Ntz;ba Ntiyfis fhz;f.

04. fhl;bathW rPuhd kpd;Gyr;nrwpT E cs;s ,lj;jpy; A

,ypUe;J B ,w;F miutl;lg; ghijapd; topNa + q

Vw;wnkhd;iwf; nfhz;Lnry;yr; nra;aNtz;ba Ntiy

ahJ?

05. fhl;bathW rPuhd kpd;Gyr;nrwpT E cs;s ,lj;jpy;

B ,ypUe;J A ,w;F Kf;fhy; tl;lg; ghijapd; topNa

+ q Vw;wnkhd;iwf; nfhz;Lnry;yr; nra;aNtz;ba

Ntiy ahJ?

FE

q

F Eq

m,qm, q

A B

C

E

a

b

q

A

B

a

A

B

a


Gs;sp Vw;wj;jhy; cUthFk; kpd;Gyr; nrwpT

Gs;sp Vw;wk; Q ,ypUe;J r J}uj;jpy; mt;Ntw;wj;jhy; cUthFk; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT

fPOs;s njhlu;ghy; jug;gLk;.

06. 20 C Vw;wj;jpypUe;J 3 m Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;spapy; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT ahJ?

07. 2a ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;spfs; A, B ,y; xt;nthd;Wk; + q Vw;wKs;s ,U

Gs;sp Vw;wq;fs; cs;sd. A, B ,y; ,Ue;J b Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;spapy; tpisAs;

kpd;Gyr;nrwptpd; gUkd; ahJ?

08. 2a ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;spfs; A, B ,y; KiwNa + q, - q Vw;wKs;s ,U

Gs;sp Vw;wq;fs; cs;sd. A, B ,y; ,Ue;J b Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;spapy; tpisAs;

kpd;Gyr;nrwptpd; gUkd; ahJ?

09. 10 2 cm gf;fKila rJuk; ABCD ,d; cr;rpfs; A, B, C, D ,y; KiwNa 91

10 C3

>

9110 C

3

> 92

10 C3

> 94

10 C3

Vw;wq;fs; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. rJuj;jpd; ikaj;jpy;

tpisAs; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT ahJ?

10. 12 cm ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;spfs; A, B ,y; KiwNa 8 C, 2 C Vw;wq;fs;

itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. A ,ypUe;J vt;tsT Jhuj;jpy; #dpag;Gs;sp ,Uf;Fk;?

11. fPNo glj;jpy; fhl;bathW ,U Vw;wq;fs; njhiytpy; xU Neu;Nfhl;by; ,Uf;FkhW

itf;fg;gl;Ls;s NghJ kpd;Gyr;nrwpT E MdJ Jhuk; r cld; khWgLk; tpjj;ij

tiuGgLj;Jf.

a. b.

Qr

2

o

QE

4 r

E

r

+Q

E

r

- Q


c. d.

e. f.

E

r

+Q +Q

E

r

+Q - Q

E

r

+2Q - Q

E

r

+Q +2Q


kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs;

kpd;Gyj;jpy; NeNuw;wk; xd;W mirAk; my;yJ mira vj;jdpf;Fk; ghij kpd;tpirf;

NfhLfs; vdg;gLk;.

kpd;tpirf;Nfhl;bd; ahjhapDk; xU Gs;spapYs;s kpd;Gyr;nrwptpd; jpirahdJ

mg;Gs;spapy; kpd;tpirf; Nfhl;Lf;F njhlypahf ,Uf;Fk;.

kpd;tpirf; NfhLfspd; ,ay;Gfs;

kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs; NeNuw;wj;jpy; njhlq;Fk;.

kpd;tpirf;NfhLfs; kiwNaw;wj;jpy; KbAk;.

kpd;tpirf;NfhLfs; xd;iwnahd;W ,ilntl;lhJ.

kpd;tpirf;NfhLfs; flj;jpapD}L ClWf;fhJ.

fhtypfspD}L kpd;tpirf;NfhLfs; ClWf;Fk;.

kpd;tpirf;NfhLfs; NeNuw;wj;jpy; njhlq;fp kiwNaw;wj;jpy; Kbtilayhk;. jdpnahUNeNuw;wk; ,Uf;Fk; NghJ kpd;tpirf;NfhL mt;Ntw;wj;jpypUe;J njhlq;Fk; Mdhy;

KbtilahJ.

kpd;tpirf; NfhLfspd; vz;zpf;if Vw;wj;jpd; gUkDf;F Neu;tpfpjrkdhf ,Uf;f

Ntz;Lk;.

kpd;tpirf;NfhLfs; - rpy cjhuzq;fs;


01. +2Q, -Q Vw;wKila ,U Vw;wq;fs; fhl;bathW r ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;

NghJ mt;Ntw;wq;fSf;fpilapyhd kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij tiue;J

fhl;Lf.

02. +2Q, +Q Vw;wKila ,U Vw;wq;fs; fhl;bathW r ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;

NghJ mt;Ntw;wq;fSf;fpilapyhd kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij tiue;J

fhl;Lf.

+2Q - Qr

+2Q - Qr

+Q

+Q

03. nghs; Nfhsk; xd;wpy; +Q Vw;wk;

tplg;gLk; NghJ kpd; tpirf; NfhLfs;

mikAk; tpjj;ij tiue;J fhl;Lf.

04. Vw;wkw;w nghs;flj;jp xd;wpd; ikaj;jpy;

+Q Vw;wk; epiyg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.

kpd;tpirf;NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij

tiuf.

05. nghs; Nfhsk; xd;wpd; ikaj;jpy; +Q

Vw;wj;ij epiyg;gLj;jp Nfhsj;jpy; - Q

Vw;wk; tplg;gLfpd;wJ. kpd;tpirf;

NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij tiue;J

fhl;Lf.

06. nghs; Nfhsk; xd;wpd; ikaj;jpy; + Q

Vw;wj;ij epiyg;gLj;jp Nfhsj;jpy; - Q

Vw;wk; tplg;gLfpd;wJ. kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs;

mikAk; tpjj;ij tiue;J fhl;Lf.

+Q

+Q

+Q

+Q+ Q


07. nghs; Nfhsk; xd;wpd; ikaj;jpy; +Q

Vw;wj;ij epiyg;gLj;jp Nfhsj;jpy;

+ Q Vw;wk; tplg;gLfpd;wJ. kpd;tpirf;

NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij tiue;J

fhl;Lf.

08. nghs; Nfhs Xl;bd; ikaj;jpy; Neu;

Vw;wk; Q epiyahf itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

kpd; tpirf;NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij

tiuf.

+Q

+Q

+Q

09. xU jbj;j nghs; Nfhs Xl;bd;

ikaj;jpy; +Q [ epiyg;gLj;jp -2Q

Vw;wk; Nfhsj;jpy; tplg;gLfpd;wJ.

kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij

tiuf.

10. Nfhsk; A MdJ +Q Vw;wg;gl;Lk;>

Nfhs XL B MdJ Vw;wg;glhkYk;

cs;sNghJ kpd;tpirf; NfhLfis

tiuf.

+Q

- 2Q

A

B

+Q

11. Nfhsk; A MdJ +Q Vw;wg;gl;Lk;> Nfhs

XL B MdJ +Q Vw;wg;gl;Lk; cs;sNghJ

kpd;tpirf; NfhLfis tiuf.

12. +Q, -Q Vw;wg;gl;l ,U rkhe;juj; jl;Lf;

flj;jpfs; mUfUNf itf;fg;gl;L

,Uf;Fk; NghJ kpd;tpirf; NfhLfis

tiuf.

A

B

+Q

+Q

+Q - Q

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

-

-

-

-

-

-

-


13. Vw;wkw;w flj;jp xd;wpd; Kd;dhy; Gs;sp

Neu; Vw;wk; xd;W itf;fg;gl;Ls;sij

glk; fhl;Lfpd;wJ. kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs;

mikAk; tpjj;ij tiuf.



,Uf;Fk; NghJ mtw;Wf;fpilNa

Vw;wg;glhj flj;jpf; Nfhsk; itf;fg;gL

fpd;wJ. kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs; mikAk;

tpjj;ij tiuf.

+Q

+Q - Q

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

-

-

-

-

-

-

-


flj;jpfs; mUfUNf itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;

NghJ mtw;Wf;fpilNa Vw;wg;glhj

flj;jpg; ghyk; itf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.


tiuf.

16. ++Q, -Q Vw;wg;gl;l ,U rkhe;juj; jl;Lf;


,Uf;Fk; NghJ mtw;Wf;fpilNa

kpd;Dioag; ghyk; itf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.


tiuf.

+Q - Q

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

+Q - Q

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

17. Nfhsf; flj;jp XL xd;wpDs; ikak; ,y;yhj xU Gs;sp A ,y; Gs;sp Vw;wk; + Q

epiyahf itf;fg;gLk; NghJ kpd;tpirf; NfhLfspd; tpjj;ij tiue;J fhl;Lf.

+QA+QA

Hp

Pencil


kpd;dOj;jk;

kpd;Gyj;jpYs;s Gs;spf;F KbtpypapypUe;J XuyF NeNuj;ij nfhz;LtUk;NghJ

kpd;Gyj;jpw;F vjpuhf nra;aNtz;ba Ntiy mg;Gs;spapYs;s kpd;dOj;jk; vdg;gLk;.

myF : J C-1

kpd;dOj;jk; Xu; vz;zpf;fzpakhFk;.

kpd;Gyj;jpw;F vjpuhf nra;ag;gLk; Ntiy Vw;wj;ij mirf;Fk; ghijapy; jq;fpapy;iy.

vdNt kpd;dOj;jk; Vw;wk; mirAk; ghijapy; jq;fpapy;iy.

kpd;tpir Xu; fhg;GtpirahFk;.

kpd;Gyj;jpw;F vjpuhf nra;ag;gLk; Ntiy Neuhf fUjg;gLtjdhy;> NeNuw;wj;jhy;

cUthFk; mOj;jk; NeuhfTk; kw;Naw;wj;jhy; cUthFk; mOj;jk; kiwahfTk;

fUjg;gLk;.

Gs;sp Vw;wj;jhy; cUthFk; kpd;dOj;jk;

Gs;sp Vw;wk; Q ,ypUe;J r J}uj;jpy; cUthFk; kpd;dOj;jk;>

01. 10 2 cm gf;fKila rJunkhd;wpd; cr;rpfs; xt;nthd;wpYk; 1 x 10-8 C Vw;wq;fs;

itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. rJuj;jpd; ikak; O ,y; tpisAs; kpd;dOj;jj;ijAk; fhz;f.

02. 10 2 cm gf;fKila rJunkhd;wpd; cr;rpfs; A, B, C, D ,y; KiwNa 1 x 10-9 C,,

2 x 10-9 C, -3 x 10-9 C, 4 x 10-9 C Vw;wq;fs; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. rJuj;jpd; ikaj;jpy;

kpd;dOj;jk; ahJ?

03. B ,ypUe;J A ,w;F Xu; Vw;wk; + Q [ nfhz;L

nry;tjw;F nra;aNtz;ba Ntiy ahJ?

Q

V

W

WV

Q

Qr

o

QV

4 r

A

B

+q

r

2r


04. X, Y vDk; Gs;spfspy; + 2q, + q vDk; Gs;sp Vw;wq;fs; epiyahf itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

A ,ypUe;J B ,w;F Vw;wk; + Q [ nfhz;L nry;yr; nra;aNtz;ba Ntiy ahJ?

05. glj;jpy; fhl;bathW + Q Vw;wj;jpypUe;J Kbtpyp

Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;sp A ,ypUe;J fhl;lg;gl;l

ghij topNa Gs;sp D ,w;F + q Vw;wk; xd;iwf;

nfhz;L nry;yr; nra;aNtz;ba Ntiy ahJ?

06. a gf;fk; nfhz;l rkgf;f Kf;Nfhzp xd;wpd; cr;rpfspw;F q, 2q, 3q vDk; Vw;wq;fis

itg;gjw;F nra;a Ntz;ba Ntiy ahJ?

07. fhl;bathW xg;gkhd fpilj;jiuapy; 2a ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; cs;s A, B vd;Dk;

Gs;spfspy; + q, - q vDk; Vw;wq;fs; itf;fg;gl;L gpbf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. - q Vw;wj;jpdJ

jpzpT m MFk;. A ,Ys;s Vw;wk; epiyahf ,Uf;f B ,Ys;s Vw;wk; tpLtpf;fg;gbd;

,U Vw;wq;fSf;Fk; ,ilg;gl;l Jhuk; a Mf tUk; NghJ tpLtpf;fg;gl;l Vw;wj;jpd;

Ntfk; ahJ?

08. epiyahf cs;s Xu; +Q Vw;wj;ij Nehf;fp Kbtpyp Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;sp

xd;wpypUe;J m jpzpTk;> + q Vw;wKk; cila xU Jzpf;if u Ntfj;Jld;

vwpag;gLfpd;wJ. mj; Jzpf;if +Q Vw;wj;jpypUe;J vt;tsT Jhuj;jpy; fzepiy

Xa;tilAk;?

09. fPNo glj;jpy; fhl;bathW ,U Vw;wq;fs; xU Neu;Nfhl;by; ,Uf;FkhW itf;fg;gl;Ls;s

NghJ kpd;dOj;jk; V MdJ Jhuk; r cld; khWgLk; tpjj;ij tiuGgLj;Jf.

a. b.

c. d.

+2Q +Q

a a a

X

A B

Y

AB

C

D

a

+Q

A Ba a

+ q - q

E

r

+Q

E

r

- Q

E

r

+Q +Q

E

r

+Q - Q

ThapesaNPhysicS

kpd;Gyr;nrwpTf;Fk; mOj;j NtWgbw;Fk; ,ilapYs;s njhlu;G

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

56. gpd;tUk; mOj;j Jhu tiuGfSf;F xj;j kpd;Gyk; nrwpT Jhu tiuGfis tiuf.

a. b.

c.

dA BVBVA

EV

V

x

x

E

V

x

x

E

V

x

x

E

-28-

[ gf;fk; 29 [g; ghu;f;f

ThapesaNPhysicS

57. gpd;tUk; kpd;Gyr; nrwpT Jhu tiuGfSf;F xj;j mOj;j Jhu tiuGfis tiuf.

a. b.

c. d.

e. f.

g.

E

x

x

V

E

x

x

V

E

x

x

V

E

x

x

V

E

x

x

V

E

x

x

V

E

x x

V

-29-


ThapesaNPhysicS

58. V mOj;j NtWghl;Lf;F Vw;wg;gl;Ls;s fhl;ba jl;LfSf;fpilapy; m jpzpTila q

Vw;wk; xd;W nkJthf tpLtpf;fg;gl mJ jl;Lf;fis tpl;L ntspNaWfpd;wJ.

a. Vw;wj;jpy; jhf;Fk; tpir ahJ?

..............................................................................................

..............................................................................................

..............................................................................................

b. Vw;wj;jpd; Mu;KLfy; ahJ?

..............................................................................................

..............................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

c. Vw;wk; jl;il tpl;L ntspNaWk; Ntfk; ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

59. fhl;bathW Vw;wg;gl;l flj;Jk; rkhe;juj; jl;LfSf;fpilapy; Vw;wg;gl;l jpzpnthd;W

rkepiyapy; ,Ug;gpd;>

a. Vw;wk; q ,d; gUkd; ahJ?

b. jl;LfSf;fpilg;gl; mOj;jNtWghL khwhjpUf;f Fwp khw;wg;gbd; Vw;wj;jpd; Mu;KLfy;

ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

U=0

d

V

V

+ -

+

-

+

-

+

-

+

-

+

-

+

-

+

-

+

-

+

-

d Vmq

-30-


ThapesaNPhysicS -31-


60. fhl;lg;gl;l mikg;gpy; P ,y;

,Ue;J tpLtpf;fg;gLk; ,yj;jpud;

Q ,Ys;s Jthuj;jpDhlhf

ntspNawp Vw;wg;gl;l fpilj;

jl;LfSf;F ,ilapy; GFe;J

fpilj;jl;L GH [ Gs;sp X ,y;

milfpd;wJ. Mapd; GX ,d;

ngWkjp ahJ? ( d 0.01m )

......................................................

.....................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

kpd;ghak;

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

U=0

10000V

- +

e

+

-

+

-

+

-

+

-

+

-

+

-

d

PQ

G X H

E F

ThapesaNPhysicS

kpd;ghak; - Gauss’s Law

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

Note :

................................................................................................................................................

kpd;ghak; rhu;ghf kpd;Gyr;nrwpT

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

xU Gs;sp Vw;wk; Q [ Ro tiuag;gLk; r MiuAila Nfhsg;gug;gpDhL ntspr; nry;Yk;

nkhj;j kpd;ghak;>

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

xU Gs;sp Vw;wk; - Q [ Ro tiuag;gLk; r MiuAila Nfhsg;gug;gpDhL ntspr;

nry;Yk; nkhj;j kpd;ghak;>

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

-32-


ThapesaNPhysicS

fTrpd; Njw;wk; - Gauss’s Law

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

61. %ba gug;G xd;wpDs; cs;s Vw;wk; 1C Mapd; mg;gug;gpypUe;jhd ntspNehf;fpa

kpd;ghak; ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

62. fhl ;ba mikg ;g py ; , Fwp xNu

gUkDila Vw;wj;ijf; Fwpf;Fk; vk; %ba

gug ;g pDhlhd ntspNehf ;f pa ghak ;

cau;tha; ,Uf;Fk;?

.....................................................................

.....................................................................

.....................................................................

63. d gf;fk; nfhz;l rJuj; jl;bd; ikaj;jpypUe;J d2

cauj;jpy; Q Vw;wnkhd;W cs;s NghJ jl;bDhlhd

kpd;ghak;?

...........................................................................................

...........................................................................................

...........................................................................................

...........................................................................................

+ +

-

+ +

-+ +

+-

-

-

+

+

+

+

+

+

S1

S2

S3

S4S5

d

d

d/2

+Q

-33-


ThapesaNPhysicS

64. $k;G xd;wpd; mbapd; ikaj;jpy; Q Vw;wk; fhl;bathW itf;fg;gl;L

cs;sJ. $k;gpd; tisgug;gpDhlhd kpd;ghaj;jpd; msT ahJ?

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

65. a gf;fePsKs;s rJuKfp xd;wpd; xU cr;rpapy; Q Vw;wk;

itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

.......................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

66. Nkw;gug;Gfs; 1 2S ,S fspDhlhd tpisAs; kpd;ghaj;jpd; msT ahJ?

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

fTrpd; Njw;wj;jpd; gpuNahfq;fs;

Gs;sp Vw;wk; Q ,dhy; r Jhuj;jpy; cUthFk; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

+Q

+Q

a

a

a

+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -

+Q-Q

S2S1

r

+Q

-34-




a MiuAila Vw;wg;gl;l nghs;Nfhsk; xd;wpd; ikaj;jpypUe;J r Jhuj;jpy;kpd;Gyr; nrwpT>

tif I r a

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

tif II r a

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

tif III r a

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

r

+Q

a

+Q

r = a

+Q

r

a

ThapesaNPhysicS

rPuhf Vw;wg;gl;l ( Q) > L ePs nky;ypa flj;jpapypUe;J r Jhuj;jpy; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

a MiuAila rPuhf Vw;wg;gl;l jpz;kf; Nfhsk; xd;wpd; ikaj;jpypUe;J r

Jhuj;jpy; kpd;Gyr; nrwpT>

tif I r a

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

r

+Q

a

-36-


Hp

Pencil

ThapesaNPhysicS

tif II r a

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

tif III r a

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

Note: Vw;wg;gl;l nghs; Nfhsj;jpd; ikaj;jpypUe;J Jhuk; r cld; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT khWgLk;

tpjk; gpd;tUkhW mikAk;>

+Q

r = a

+Q

r

a

+Q

a

-37-


ThapesaNPhysicS

Note: rPuhf Vw;wg;gl;l jpz;kf; Nfhsj;jpd; ikaj;jpypUe;J Jhuk; r cld; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT

khWgLk; tpjk; gpd;tUkhW mikAk;>

Vw;wg;gl;l Nfhsf;flj;jpapdhy; cUthFk; mOj;jk;>

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

+Q

a

+Q

a

-38-




67. gpd;tUk; re;ju;g;gq;fSf;F kpd;Gyr;nrwpT (E) Juhj;Jld; khWgLk; tiuig tiuf.

a. b.

c. d.

e. f.

a

+Q

E

r

E

r

a

2a

+Q

E

r

a

2a

+Q

+Q

E

r

a

2a

+Q

-Q

E

r

a

2a

+Q

+2Q

E

r

a

2a

-Q

+2Q

ThapesaNPhysicS

68. a,2a Miufis cila xU ikaf; Nfhs XLfs; A,B

,d; xt;nthU Nkw;gug;gpYk; cs;s Vw;wj;jpd; msTfis

fhz;f.

..................................................................................................

..................................................................................................

...................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................

69. A,B vDk; a,b Miufis cila xNu ikaf; Nfhs XLfSs;

cs; XL Q Mf Vw;wg;gl;L ntspNahL Gtpf;Fj; njhLf;fg;

gbd;> ntsp Xl;by; Jhz;lg;gl;bUf;Fk; tpisAs; Vw;wk;?

......................................................................................................

......................................................................................................

......................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

70. NkNy cs;s mikg;gpy; ntsp XL Q Mf Vw;wg;gl;L cs;NshL

Gtpf;F ,izf;fg;gbd;> cs; Xl;by; Jhz;lg;gbd; tpisAs;

Vw;wk;?

........................................................................................................

........................................................................................................

........................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

a

2a

+Q

-2Q A

B

a

b

+Q

A

B

a

b

+Q

A

B

-40-


ThapesaNPhysicS

71. fhl;bathwhd xNu ika A,B,C vDk; Nfhs XLfspy;

cs;> ntsp XLfs; Gtpf;Fj; njhLf;fg;gl;bUf;f eL

XL B > Q Mf Vw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ. Mapd; A,C XLfspy;

Jhz;lg;gLk;. Vw;wf;fisf; fhz;gJld; xt;nthU

Xl;bd; cs;> ntsp Nkw;gug;Gfspy; cs;s Vw;wq;fspd;

msTfisf; fhz;f.

......................................................................................

......................................................................................

......................................................................................

......................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

5cm

+Q

A

B

10cm

15cm

-41-


ThapesaNPhysicS

Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

72. A gypjg; gug;gsTila flj;jpj; jl;L xd;wpy; Q Vw;wk; tpLtpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. mj;jl;bd;

Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

73. A gypjg; gug;Gila Kbtpyp ePs nghypj;jPd; jhspd; xU gf;fj;jpy; Q Vw;wk; rPuhf

tplg;gLfpd;wJ. mg; nghypj;jPd; jhspy; Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

74. ntspahiu a cila Nfhsk; xd;wpw;F Q Vw;wk; toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ. mjd; Nkw;gug;gpd;

Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

75. xU ika Nfhs XLfs; ,uz;by; cs;Nshl;by; Q Vw;wk; tplg;gl;L

cs;sJ. xt;nthU Nkw;gug;gpdJk; Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jpiaf; fhz;f.

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

r

2r

+Q

-42-


ThapesaNPhysicS

76. a MiuAila Nfhsk; xd;wpd; Nkw;gug;gpd; Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp MFk;. Nfhsj;jpw;F

ntspNa mjd; ikaj;jpypUe;J r Jhuj;jpy; kpd;dOj;jj;ijAk;> kpd;Gyr; nrwpitAk;

fhz;f.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

77. a MiuAila Nfhsk; xd;wpd; Nkw;gug;gpd; Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp MFk;. Nfhsj;jpd;

cs;Ns mjd; ikaj;jpypUe;J r Jhuj;jpy; kpd;dOj;jj;ijAk;> kpd;Gyr; nrwpitAk;

fhz;f.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

78. fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s xUikaf; Nfhs XLfspy; cs;NshL Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp ,Uf;FkhW

Vw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ. ikaj;jpypUe;J 2r Jhuj;jpy; kpd;Gyr; nrwpitAk; kpd;dOj;jj;ijAk;

fhz;f.

.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

r

3r

+

-43-


ThapesaNPhysicS

rPuhf Vw;wg;gl;l flj;jpapdhy; cUthf;fg;gLk; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT

............................................................................................

............................................................................................

............................................................................................

............................................................................................

............................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

79. a gf;fk; nfhz;l flj;Jk; fdf;Fw;wp xd;W Q Mf Vw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,f;Fw;wpapd;

Kfnkhd;wpd; ikaj;jpw;F mUfhikapy; cs;s kpd;Gyr;nrwpT ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

80. epiyf;Fj;jhf cs;s Neuhf Vw;wpa flj;Jk; jl;bw;F mUfpy; Neuhf Vw;wg;gl;l (Q) > m

jpzpTila rpwpa Nfhsk; xd;W ,io xd;wpy; njhq;ftplg;gl;L cs;sJ. ,io

epiyf;Fj;Jld; Nfhzj;ij mikf;fpd;wJ vdpd; jl;bd; Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

+

+

++

++

++

+ ++

+

+

++

++

+ ++

++ ++

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

-44-


ThapesaNPhysicS

rPuhf Vw;wg;gl;l nghypj;jPd; jhspdhy; cUthf;fg;gLk; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT

............................................................................................

............................................................................................

............................................................................................

............................................................................................

............................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

81. gpd;tUk; re;ju;g;gq;fspy; kpd;Gyr; nrwpitf; fhz;f.

a. A gug;Gila flj;jpj; jl;by; Q Vw;wk; tplg;gLk; NghJ jl;bd; eLg; gFjpf;F mz;ikapy;

kpd;Gyr; nrwpT ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

b. A gug;Gila fhtypj; jl;bd; xU gf;fj;jpy; Vw;wk; Q rPuhf gutpAs;sJ. jl;bd; eLg;

gFjpf;F mz;ikapy; kpd;Gyr; nrwpT ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

c. a gf;f ePsk; cila fhtypr; rJuKfpapy; Q Vw;wk; Nkw;gug;gpy; rPuhf gutp ,Ug;gpd; xU

Kfj;jpw;F mz;ikapy; kpd;Gyr; nrwpT ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

+

+

++

++

++

+ ++

+

+

++

++

+ ++

++ ++

+++

+++

++

+ ++

+

+ +

+

++

+

++ +

++

+

-45-


ThapesaNPhysicS

flj;jp xd;wpd; nfhs;ssT

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

Nfhsf; flj;jp xd;wpd; nfhs;ssT

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

,U Vw;wg;gl;l flj;jpfis ,izj;jy;

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

+Q

a

-46-


ThapesaNPhysicS

Vw;wg;gl;l flj;jpf; nfhs;sstp xd;wpy; Nrkpf;fg;gl;Ls;s rf;jp

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

Note:

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

82. A,B vd;Dk; flj;Jk; Nfhs XLfs; KiwNa

Q, 2Q Mf Vw;wg;gl;Ls;sd. ,tw;wpd;

Miufs; KiwNa 2a,a MFk;.

a. Nfhs XLfspYs;s nkhj;j epiy kpd; rf;jp

ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

2a

aS

+2Q+Q

AB

-47-


ThapesaNPhysicS

b. Msp S Nghlg;gLtjhy; cUthFk; nghJ mOj;jk; ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

c. ,izg;gpd; gpd; njhFjpapYs;s nkhj;j epiykpd; rf;jp ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

d. ,izg;gpdhy; Vw;gl;l rf;jp el;lj;ijAk;> ,r;rf;jp el;lk; vq;F tpuakhf;fg;gl;lJ vd;gijAk;

$Wf.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

e. ,izg;gpd; gpd; A,B XLfsps;s Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jpfspd; tpfpjk; ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

-48-


ThapesaNPhysicS

83. Q Vw;wg;gl;Ls;s 3a MiuAila Nfhsk; fhl;bathW 2a MiuAila Vw;wg;glhj

flj;jpAld; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. Msp %lg;gLk; NghJ

nghJ mOj;jj;ijf; fhz;f.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

xU Nfhsj;jpypUe;J kw;iwa Nfhsj;jpw;F ,lk;khWk; Vw;wj;jpd; msT ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

84. Msp S %lg;gLk; NghJ>

xU Nfhsj;jpypUe;J kw;iwajpw;F ,lk;ngaUk; Vw;wj;jpd; msT

ahJ?

......................................................................................................

......................................................................................................

ntspNkw;gug;gpd; mOj;jk; ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

cs;Nkw;gug;gpd; mOj;jk; ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

S

2a 3a+Q

r

2r

+Q

S

-49-


ThapesaNPhysicS

85. xU jl;by; Q Vw;wk; tplg;gl;Ls;sJ. xt;nthU Nkw;gug;gpYk; cs;s Vw;wj;jpd; msT

ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

86. fhl;bathW Vw;wg;gl;l ,U jl;Lf;fs; mUfUNf itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Nkw;gug;Gf;fs; A,B,C,D

,y; cs;s Vw;wq;fspd; msT ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

87. fhl;bathW Vw;wg;gl;l ,U jl;Lf;fs; mUfUNf itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Nkw;gug;Gf;fs; A,B,C,D

,y; cs;s Vw;wq;fspd; msT ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

88. fhl;bathW Vw;wg;gl;l ,U Vw;wgl;l jl;Lf;fSk; Vw;wg;glhj xU jl;Lk; mUfUNf

itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Nkw;gug;Gf;fs; A,B,C,D,E,F ,y; cs;s Vw;wq;fspd; msT ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

+Q

A B C D

+Q +2Q

A B C D

+Q -2Q

+Q +2Q

A CB D E F

-50-


ThapesaNPhysicS

kpd;Dioaq;fs;

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

rhu; mDkjpj;jpwd; my;yJ kpd;Dioa khwpyp

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

89. 2 C, 5 C Vw;wq;fis tspapy; xU Fwpj;j ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;Fk; NghJ mtw;wpw;F

,ilapyhd js;Sif tpir 100N MFk;. mt; Vw;wq;fis mNj ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy;

,Uf;FkhW rhu; mDkjpj;jpwd; 5 cila Clfj;jpy; itf;Fk; NghJ mtw;wpw;fpilNa

njhopw;gLk; tpir ahJ?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

-51-


ThapesaNPhysicS

nfhs;sstpfs; my;yJ xLf;fpfs;

Vw;wq;fisr; Nrkpg;gjw;fhd rhjdNk xLf;fpahFk;. ,uz;L cNyhfj; jl;Lf;fis xU

Fwpg;gpl;l ,ilj; Jhuj;jpy; itg;gjd; %yk; xU nfhs;sstpia cUthf;fyhk;. ,J

rkhe;juj; jl;Lf; top xLf;fp vdg;gLk;.

xU xLf;fpapd; jl;Lf;fis xU fyj;jpd; KidfSf;F ,izj;jhy; jl;LfSf;F

FWf;Nfahd mOj;jNtWghL fyj;jpd; kpd;dpaf;ftpirf;Fr; rkdhFk; tiu fz

Neuj;jpw;F kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk; fyj;jpd; Neu; KidTld; ,izf;fg;gl;l jl;by; NeNuw;wKk;>

kiwKidTld; ,izf;fg;gl;l jl;by; kiwNaw;wKk; ,Uf;Fk;. ,U jl;Lf;fspYk;

cs;s Vw;wj;jpd; gUkd;fs; rkdhf ,Uf;Fk;.

nfhs;sstpffis kpd;Ndw;Wjy;

nfhs;sstpfis kpd;Ndw;Wk; NghJ mjd; jl;LfSf;F ,ilapyhd mOj;jNtWghL

V > fyj;jpDhlhd kpd;Ndhl;lk; I > xLf;fpapd; jl;by; cs;s Vw;wk; Q vd;gd Neuk; t

cld; khWgLk; tpjk; gpd;tUkhW mikAk;.

-52-


ThapesaNPhysicS

nfhs;sstpffis kpd;dpwf;fy;

Vw;wg;gl;l xLf;fp xd;wpd; jl;Lf;fis Xu; fk;gpapdhy;

njhLg;gjdhy; mjid kpd;dpwf;fyhk;. mg;NghJ xLf;fpapy;

cs;s Vw;wk; g+r;rpakhFk; tiu fz Neuj;jpw;F

kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk;.

kpd;dpwf;fj;jpd; NghJ mjd; jl;LfSf;F ,ilapyhd

mOj;jNtWghL V > fyj;jpDhlhd kpd;Ndhl;lk; I >

xLf;fpapd; jl;by; cs;s Vw;wk; Q vd;gd Neuk; t cld;

khWgLk; tpjk; gpd;tUkhW mikAk;.

Note:

nfhs;sstpahdJ xNu mOj;j NtWghl;bw;F Vw;wg;gl;L jilfs; 1 2 1 2R ,R R R ,id

jdpj;jdpNa ,izg;gjd; %yk; kpd;dpwf;fg;gLfpd;wd. me;epiyapy; kpd;Ndhl;lk;

Neuj;Jld; khWgLk; tiuG gpd;tUkhW mikAk;.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

R1

R2

-53-


ThapesaNPhysicS

nfhs;sstp xd;wpd; nfhs;sstk;

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

nfhs;sstpfspd; Nru;khdk;

njhlu;epiyr; Nru;khdk;

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

rkhe;ju epiyr; Nru;khdk;

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

X Y X Y

X YX Y

-54-


ThapesaNPhysicS

90. gpd;tUk; nfhs;sstpfspd; tpisAs; nfhs;sstq;fis fhz;f.

a.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

b.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

c.

................................................................................................................................................

d.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

e.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

f.

................................................................................................................................................

X Y

6 F 3 F

X Y

12 F 4 F

X Y

9 F 18 F

X Y

6 F 3 F 2 F

X Y

6 F 3 F 12 F

4 F

X Y

6 F 12 F 2 F

2 F

3 F

-55-


ThapesaNPhysicS

91. fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s mikg;gpy; re;jp X ,y; cs;s mOj;jk;>

xt;nthU nfhs;sstpapYk; cs;s Vw;wk; vd;gtw;iwf;

fhz;f.

.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

92. gpd;tUk; nfhs;sstpfspd; tpisAs; nfhs;sstq;fis fhz;f.

a.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

b.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

+ 2V + 3V

- 1V

4 F

3 F2 F

X

12 F

A B12 F12 F

12 F

A B

6 F

6 F4 F

8 F

-56-


ThapesaNPhysicS

93. 12 F,6 F nfhs;ssTila ,uz;L nfhs;sstpfs; njhluhf ,izf;fg;gl;L Nru;khdj;jpw;F

FWf;Nf 600V fy mLf;F ,izf;fg;gl;lJ. xt;nthU nfhs;sstpapYk; cs;s

Vw;wj;ijAk; mtw;Wf;Ff; FWf;Nfahd mOj;j NtWghl;ilAk; fhz;f.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

nfhs;sstpfspy; Nrkpf;fg;gLk; rf;jp

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

-57-


ThapesaNPhysicS

94. 12 F,4 F nfhs;ssTila ,U nfhs;sstpfs; njhluhf ,izf;fg;gl;L Nru;khdj;jpw;F

FWf;Nf 1200V fy mLf;F ,izf;fg;gl;lJ. ,g;NghJ ,t;tpU nfhs;sstpfSk;

kpd;Kjypy; ,Ue;J Jz;bf;fg;gl;L gpd;du; xj;j jl;Lf;fs; xUkpj;J ,Uf;FkhW

,izf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. jw;NghJ nfhs;sstpfl;Fk; FWf;Nfahd nghJ mOj;j

NtWghl;ilAk; ,izg;gpdhy; Vw;gl;l kpd;dOj;j rf;jp el;lj;ijAk; fhz;f.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

95. 3 F,2 F nfhs;ssTila ,U nfhs;sstpfs; njhluhf ,izf;fg;gl;L Nru;khdj;jpw;F

FWf;Nf 400V fy mLf;F ,izf;fg;gl;lJ. ,g;NghJ ,t;tpU nfhs;sstpfSk;

kpd;Kjypy; ,Ue;J Jz;bf;fg;gl;L gpd;du; xj;j jl;Lf;fs; xUkpj;J ,Uf;FkhW

,izf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. jw;NghJ nfhs;sstpfl;F FWf;Nfahd nghJ mOj;j NtWghl;ilAk;

,izg;gpdhy; Vw;gl;l kpd;dOj;j rf;jp el;lj;ijAk; fhz;f.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

-58-


ThapesaNPhysicS

96. xt;nthU nfhs;sstpfSk; jdpj;jdpNa 200V > 300V ,w;F

kpd;Ndw;wg;gl;L fhl;bathW Rw;wpy; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Msp

S %lg;gLk; NghJ nfhs;sstpfSf;fpilapyhd nghJ mOj;jk;

ahJ?

.......................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

97. xt;nthU nfhs;sstpfSk; jdpj;jdpNa 200V,100V ,w;F

kpd;Ndw;wg;gl;L fhl;bathW Rw;wpy; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Msp

S %lg;gLk; NghJ nfhs;sstpfSf;fpilapyhd nghJ mOj;jk;

ahJ?

.......................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

+ -

+ -

S

5 F

2 F

+-

+ -

S

3 F

4 F

-59-


ThapesaNPhysicS

98. 12 F,6 F,4 F nfhs;ssTila %d;W nfhs;sstpfs; njhluhf ,izf;fg;gl;L

Nru;khdj;jpw;F FWf;Nf 1100V fy mLf;F ,izf;fg;gl;lJ. ,g;NghJ ,t;%d;W

nfhs;sstpfSk; kpd;Kjypy; ,Ue;J Jz;bf;fg;gl;L gpd;du; xj;j jl;Lf;fs; xUkpj;J

,Uf;FkhW ,izf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. jw;NghJ nfhs;sstpfl;F FWf;Nfahd nghJ

mOj;jj;ijf; fhz;f.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

99. 2 F nfhs;ssTila nfhs;sstp xd;W 200V mOj;j NtWghl;bw;F Vw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ.

3 F nfhs;ssTila nfhs;sstp xd;W 400V mOj;j NtWghl;bw;F Vw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ.

,g;NghJ ,t;tpU nfhs;sstpfSk; kpd;Kjypy; ,Ue;J Jz;bf;fg;gl;l gpd;du; xt;thj

jl;Lf;fs; xUkpj;jpUf;Fk; gbahf rkhe;jukhf ,izf;fg;gl;ld. nghJ mOj;jj;ijAk;

kpd;dOj;j rf;jp el;lj;ijAk; fhz;f.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

-60-


ThapesaNPhysicS

rkhe;juj; jl;Lf; nfhs;sstpapd; nfhs;ssT

A gypjg; gug;gsTs;s ,U flj;Jk; rkhe;juj; jl;Lfs; d ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;L

cs;sJ vd;f. ,J Vw;wg;gl> Neu;j;jl;by; cs;s Vw;wk; Q vd;f.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

rkhe;juj; jl;Lf; nfhs;sstpapd; jl;LfSf;fpilNa flj;jpg; ghyk; itf;fg;gLk;NghJ tpisAs; nfhs;sstk;

.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

+

-

+

-

+

-

+

-

+

-

+

-

Vd

-61-


ThapesaNPhysicS

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

rkhe;juj; jl;Lf; nfhs;sstpapd; jl;LfSf;fpilNa kpd;Dioag; ghyk; itf;fg;gLk;NghJ tpisAs; nfhs;sstk;

.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

.............................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

Note:

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

-62-


ThapesaNPhysicS

100. gpd;tUk; rkhe;juj; jl;Lf; nfhs;sstpj; jl;LfSf;fpilapy; tsp cs;sNghJ mjd;

nfhs;sstk; C Mapd;> fhl;bathW jl;LfSf;fpilg;gl;l gFjp kpd;Dioaj;jpdhy;

epug;gg;gl;Ls;s NghJ njhFjpapd; nfhs;ssitf; fhz;f.

a.

................................................................................................................................................

b.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

c.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

d.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

e.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

r

r = 3

r = 3/2

r = 4

r = 2

r = 4/3

r = 4 r = 2

r = 6 r = 9

r = 18r = 3

-63-


ThapesaNPhysicS

101. gypj gug;gsT A cila ehd;F jl;Lf;fs;

xt;nthd;Wk; d ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

tpisAs; nfhs;sstk; ahJ?

...................................................................................

...................................................................................

...................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................




...................................................................................

...................................................................................

...................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................




...................................................................................

...................................................................................

...................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

d

A

-64-


ThapesaNPhysicS

104. fPOs;s xt;nthU re;ju;g;gj;jpYk; gypj gug;gsT A cila jl;Lf;fs; xt;nthd;Wk; d

,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. xt;nthU re;ju;g;gj;jpw;Fkhd tpisAs; nfhs;sstk;

vt;tsT vdf; fhz;f.

a.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

b.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

c.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

d.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

X

Y

X

Y

X

Y

X

Y

-65-


ThapesaNPhysicS

105. Xu; rkhe;juj; jl;L tsp xLf;fpahdJ khwh

kpd;dpaf;f tpirAila Nrkpg;Gf; fyj;Jld;

,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. fhl;bathW nfhs;sstpj;

jl;LfSf;fpilapy; kpd;Dioak; nrUFk; NghJ

gpd;tUtdtw;wpw;F ahJ epfOnkdf; $Wf.

a. nfhs;sstpapd; nfhs;sstk;.

..............................................................................

b. nfhs;sstpf;Ff; FWf;Nf cs;s mOj;j NtWghL.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

c. nfhs;sstpapYs;s Vw;wk;.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

d. nfhs;sstpapy; Nrkpf;fg;gl;l rf;jp.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

e. nfhs;sstpj; jl;LfSf;F ,ilapYs;s kpd;Gyr; nrwpT.

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

f. fyk; kpd;dpwf;fg;gl;gLkh? my;yJ kpd;Ndw;wg;gLkh?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

g. kpd;Dioaj;ijr; nrUFjy; ,yFthdjh? fbdkhdjh?

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

+

-

-66-


ThapesaNPhysicS

106. Vw;wg;gl;l nfhs;sstp xd;W fyj;jpypUe;J jdpahf;fg;gl;l

gpd; fhl;bathW nfhs;sstpj; jl;LfSf;F ,ilapy;

kpd;Dioak; nrUFtjhy; gpd;tUtdtw;wpw;F ahJ epfOk;?

a. nfhs;sstpapd; nfhs;sstk;.

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b. nfhs;sstpf;Ff; FWf;NfAs;s mOj;j NtWghL.

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c. nfhs;sstpay; cs;s Vw;wk;.

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d. nfhs;sstpapy; Nrkpf;fg;gl;l rf;jp.

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e. nfhs;sstpj; jl;Lf;fSf;F ,ilapYs;s kpd;Gyr; nrwpT.

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f. kpd;Eioaj;ijr; nrUFjy; ,yFthdjh? fbdkhdjh?

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107. ntsp XL Gtpf;F njhLf;fg;gl;l epiyapy; cs;Nshl;bw;F Q

Vw;wk; Nru;f;fg;gLk; NghJ cs; ntsp jl;LfSf;fpilapyhd

nfhs;ssit fhz;f.

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+

-

a

bA

B

-67-


ThapesaNPhysicS

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108. cs; XL Gtpf;F njhLf;fg;gl;l epiyapy; ntspNshl;bw;F Q Vw;wk;

Nru;f;fg;gLk; NghJ cs; ntsp jl;LfSf;fpilapyhd nfhs;ssit

fhz;f.

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a

bA

B

-68-


ThapesaNPhysicS

109. khWk; nfhs;sstp xd;wpd; nfhs;ssit 2 F ,ypUe;J 20 F tiu khw;wyhk;. ,f;

nfhs;sstpahdJ cau;T nfhs;sstp epiyapy; 200V mOj;j NtWghl;bw;F

kpd;Ndw;wg;gl;l gpd;du; kpd;KjypypUe;J jdpahf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,g;NghJ mJ ,opTf;

nfhs;ssit jUk;gbahf mjd; jl;Lf;fs; Row;wg;gLfpd;wd. gpd;tUtdtw;iwf; fhz;f.

a. jw;NghJ nfhs;sstpapy; cs;s Vw;wk; ahJ?

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b. jw;NghJ nfhs;sstpf;F FWf;Nf mOj;jNtWghL ahJ?

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c. cuha;itg; Gwf;fzpf;fyhk; vdf; fUjp jl;Lf;fis Row;Wtjpy; nra;ag;gl;l nghwpKiw

Ntiy ahJ?

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110. Xu; ,bKfpy; MdJ 225km gug;gilaJ. mJ epyj;jpypUe;J 750m cauj;jpy; cs;sJ.

mk;KfpiyAk; epyj;ijAk; Nru;j;J Xu; rkhe;juj;jl;L nfhs;sstpahf fUjg;glyhk;.

12 1

o8.85 10 Fm vdpd; gpd;tUtdtw;iwf; fhz;f.

a. nfhs;sstpapd; nfhs;ssT.

b. kpd;Kfpypd; mOj;jk; 510 V vdpd; nfhs;sstpapd; kpd;dOj;j rf;jp

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-69-


ThapesaNPhysicS

112. 6 F nfhs;sstp xd;W xU kpd; fyj;jpw;F ,izf;fg;gl;bUg;gij glk; fhl;Lfpd;wJ.

Msp S %lg;gLk; NghJ gpd;tUtdtw;iwf; fhz;f.

a. nfhs;sstpapy; Nrkpf;fg;gLk; rf;jp.

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b. jilapy; tpiuakhd rf;jp ahJ?

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c. fyk; ,oe;j rf;jp ahJ?

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S

R

100V

6 F

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kpd;gyr; nrwpt myf - 06 · 2021. 1. 18. · kpd;gyk; - myf 06 - - eng. t. thapesan ; hd...

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