kpd;Gyk; - myF 06 Eng. T. Thapesan- 1 -
kpd;Gyr; nrwpTmyF - 06
$Nyhkpd; Neu;khW tu;f;f tpjp
,U Gs;sp Vw;wq;fSf;fpilapy; cs;s ftu;r;rptpir my;yJ js;StpirahdJ mt;
Vw;wq;fspd; ngUf;fj;jpw;F Neu;tpfpjrkdhfTk;> mt;Ntw;wq;fSf;fpilapyhd Jhuj;jpd;
tu;f;fj;jpw;F Neu;khW tpfpj rkdhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;.
,q;F o - kpd;dDkjpj;jpwd;
01. 2 C > 5 C Vw;wq;fs; 3 m ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sNghJ mt; Vw;wq;fspy;
njhopw;gLk; tpir ahJ?
02. A, B vDk; Gs;sp NeNuw;wq;fs; fhl;bathW cs;s NghJ P ,y; itf;fg;gLk;
Vw;wk; xd;wpy; jhf;Fk; tpisAs; tpir g+r;rpak; Mapd; A, B ,Ys;s Vw;wq;fspd;
tpfpjk; ahJ?
03. a gf;fePsk; nfhz;l rkgf;f Kf;Nfhzpapd; cr;rpfs; A, B, C ,y; KiwNa +q, +q,
+ Q Gs;sp Vw;wq;fs; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. C ,y; cs;s Vw;wj;jpy; jhf;Fk; tpisAs;
kpd;tpir ahJ?
04. NkNy cs;s tpdhtpy; B cs;s Vw;wk; -q Mf khw;wg;gbd; C ,Ys;s Vw;wj;jpy;
jhf;Fk; tpisAs; kpd;tpir ahJ?
05. xg;gkhd fpilj;jiuapy; Gs;spfs; A, B ,y; + Q, - q Vw;wq;fs; itf;fg;gl;L + Q
it epiyahf gpbj;J - q [ nkJthf tpLtpf;fg;gl;l NghJ mJ + Q [ mZFk;
tiu mjd; Ntfk; Neuj;Jld; khWgLtijAk;> Vw;wq;fSf;fpilg;gl;l Jhuj;Jld;
Ntfk; khWgLtijAk;> Vw;wq;fSf;fpilg;gl;l Jhuk; Neuj;Jld; khWgLtijAk;
fhl;Lk; tiuGfis tiuf.
05. NkNy cs;s tpdhtpy; A, B ,Ys;s ,U Vw;wq;fSk; NeNuw;wkhf ,Ug;gpd; B
cs;s Vw;wk; tpLtpf;fg;gLk; NghJ NkNy tiue;j %d;W tiuGfisAk; tiuf.
r
F F
Q q
F Qq
2
1F
r
2
QqF
r
2
o
1 QqF
4 r
9 2 2
o
19 10 NC m
4
A B
a b
P
kpd;Gyk; - myF 06 Eng. T. Thapesan- 2 -
06. Xg;gkhd fpilj;jiuapy; cs;s rkgf;f Kf;Nfhzpapd; cr;rpfspy; q Vw;wq;fs;
itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,tw;iwr; rkepiyapy; itj;jpUg;gjw;F Kf;Nfhzj;jpd; ikag;
Nghypapy; - Q Vw;wk; itf;fg;gl Ntz;b ,Ug;gpd; Q
q ,d; ngWkjp ahJ?
07. 20 cm gf;fKila rkgf;f Kf;Nfhzk; ABC ,d; cr;rpfs; A, B, C ,y; KiwNa
3 x 10-9 C, 2 x 10-9 C, 1 x 10-9 C Vw;wq;fs; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. BC ,d; eLg;Gs;sp D ,y;
1 C Vw;wk; itf;fg;gbd; mjpy; jhf;Fk; tpirapidf; fhz;f.
08. ikaj;jpw;Fk; cr;rpf;Fk; ,ilg;gl;l Jhuk; a cila n cr;rpfisf; nfhz;l
xOq;fhd gy;Nfhzp xd;wpd; n - 1 cr;rpfspy; rk Vw;wq;fs; q itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
gy;Nfhzpapd; ikaj;jpy; itf;fg;gLk; Q Vw;wj;jpy; njhopw;gLk; tpisAs; tpir
ahJ?
09. fhl;ba njhFjp xg;gkhd fpil Nkir kPJs;sJ. A
,ypUe;J x Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;sp B ,y; + q Vw;wk;
itf;fg;gLk; NghJ RUsp tpy;ypy; Vw;gl;l neUf;fk;
4x MFk;. RUs; tpy;ypd; neUf;fk; x Mf miktjw;F
A ,ypUe;J vt;tsT Jhuj;jpy; + q Vw;wk; itf;fg;gly;
Ntz;Lk;?
10. A vd;Dk; + q Vw;wk; xd;W fhl;bathW epiyg;gLj;jg; gl;bUf;ifapy;
mt;Vw;wj;jpd; fPo; h Moj;jpy; B vd;Dk; m jpzpTila Vw;wk; xd;W
itf;fg;gl mJ rkepiyapy; ,Ug;gpd; mt;Vw;wj;jpd; gUkidAk; FwpiaAk;
fhz;f.
x
+Q
BA
h
A+q
B m
kpd;Gyk; - myF 06 Eng. T. Thapesan- 3 -
flj;jpfis kpd;Ndw;Wjy;
njhLifapdhy; kpd;Ndw;wy;
kpd;Ndw;wpa flj;jp xd;Wld; kpd;Ndw;wg;glhj flj;jp xd;iw njhLifAwr; nra;Ak;
NghJ my;yJ xU fk;gp xd;wpdhy; njhLf;Fk; NghJ Vw;wKs;s flj;jpapypUe;J
Vw;wkpy;yhj flj;jpf;F Vw;wk; gha;e;J mf;flj;jp kpd;Ndw;wg;gLk;.
Vw;wg;glhj Nfhsk; xd;iw Vw;wpa Nfhy; xd;wpdhy; njhLifAwr; nra;Ak; NghJ
Vw;wk; guk;gy; milAk;. Nfhypy; Vw;wj;jpd; nrwpT FiwtilAk;.
J}z;lypdhy; kpd;Ndw;wy;
xU Vw;wg;glhj Nfhsf;flj;jpia Neu; Vw;wk; ngw;w Nfhy; xd;wpdhy; J}z;ly; Kiwahy;
kpd;Ndw;Wjy;>
Vw;wg;glhj Nfhsk; xd;iw Vw;wpa Nfhy; xd;wpdhy; J}z;ly; Kiwahy; kpd;Ndw;Wk;
NghJ Nfhypy; Vw;wj;jpd; nrwpT khw;wkilahJ.
+
+++
++
++
+
+
+
++
++
++
++
++
+
++
+
++
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ +
+
+
+
++
+
+
+
+
+
+++
++
++
+
+
+
++
++
+
++
++
+
++
Step 3
+
+++
++
++
+
+
+
++
++
+
++
++
+
++
Step 1 Step 2
+ +
+
+++
++
++
+
+
+
++
++
+
++
++
+
++
Step 4
+
Step 5
kpd;Gyk; - myF 06 Eng. T. Thapesan- 4 -
,U Vw;wg;glhj Nfhsf;flj;jpfis Neu; Vw;wk; ngw;w Nfhy; xd;wpdhy; J}z;ly;
Kiwahy; kpd;Ndw;Wjy;>
cNwhQ;rypdhy; kpd;Ndw;wy;
fz;zhbf; Nfhypid gl;Lj; Jzpapdhy; cNuhQ;Rk; NghJ fz;zhbapypUe;J rpy
,yj;jpud;fs; gl;Lj; Jzpia nrd;wiltjhy; gl;L kiw Vw;wj;ijAk; fz;zhbf;
Nfhy; Neu;Vw;wj;ijAk; ngWk;.
Vgidw;Wf; Nfhypid fk;gspj; Jzpapdhy; cNuhQ;Rk; NghJ fk;gspapy; ,Ue;J rpy
,yj;jpud;fs; vgidw;iw nrd;wiltjhy; Vgidw;W Nfhy; kiw Vw;wj;ijAk; fk;gspj;
Jzp Neu; Vw;wj;ijAk; ngWk;.
nghd;dpiy kpd;fhl;b
nghd;dpiy kpd;fhl;b epiykpd;dpay; Njhw;wg;ghLfis guprPyid
nra;tjw ;Ffe ;j Xu ; vspa fUtp MFk; . ,J S vDk;
milg;nghd;wpw;$lhf cNyhfg; ghj;jpuk; G xd;wpw;Fs; nry;Yk;
cNyhff; Nfhypd; fPo; Kidapy; ,U nghd;dpiyfs; (L) cilaJ.
Nfhypd; cr;rpapy; (C) vd;Dk; cNyhfj; jl;L cz;L. ,J ghj;jpuj;jpw;F
ntspNa cs;sjhFk;. ghj;jpuk; GtpAld; njhLf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;.
Step 1
+
+++
++
++
+
+
+
++
++
+
++
++
+
++
Step 2
+
+
+++
++
++
+
+
+
++
++
+
++
++
+
++
Step 3
+
Step 4
Step 5
C
S
R
L
G
kpd;Gyk; - myF 06 Eng. T. Thapesan- 5 -
Xu; Vw;wk; ngw;w vgidw;Wf; Nfhy;> jl;L C ,w;F mUNf nfhz;Ltug; gLk; NghJ C,
R, L Mfpatw;iw nfhz;Ls;s cNyhfj; njhFjpapYs;s ,yj;jpud;fs; ,iyfSf;Fj;
js;sg;gLfpd;wd. ,jdhy; ,iyfs; xj;j Vw;wq;fisg; ngw;W mjdhy; js;sg;gl;L
tpupfpd;wd. mNj Ntisapy; Cr4grbfv J}z;ba Neu; Vw;wj;ijg;
ngw;wpUf;Fk;. vgidw;Wf; Nfhy; ePf;fg;gbd; mjhtJ Jhz;ly;
epfor; re;ju;g;gk; ,y;yhky; nra;ag;gbd; ,iyfs; FtpAk;. NkYk;
jl;L C [ Vw;wk; ngw;w Nfhypdhy; njhl;lhy; ngUk; msTs;s
Vw;wk; ,iyfSf;F nfhLf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ,jdhy; ,iyfs;
fzprkhdsT tpupAk;.
ghj;jpuk; Gtpj;njhLg;Gilajhf ,Uf;Fk; NghJ ,iyfspd; tpupjy;
$Ljyhf ,Ug;gpd; mtw;wpYs;s Vw;wKk; $Ljyhf ,Uf;Fk;
vdf; nfhs;sg;gLk;. nghd;dpiy kpd;fhl;b gpuj;jpNafkhf kpd;dOj;j NtWghLfis
xg;gplTk;> kpd;dOj;jq;fis msf;fTk; gad;gLk;. NkYk; kpd;dOj;j NtWghl;bdhNyNa
,iyfs; tpupfpd;wd.
,iyfspd; tpupif kpd;dOj;j NtWghL.
kpd;Gyk; - myF 06 Eng. T. Thapesan- 6 -
kpd;Gyr; nrwpT / kpd;Gy typik
kpd;Gyk; cs;s gpuNjrj;jpy; itf;fg;gLk; XuyF NeNuw;wj;jpy; njhopw;gLk; tpir
mg;Gs;spapYs;s kpd;Gyr;nrwpit jUk;. mt;tpirapd; jpir kpd;Gyr; nrwptpd; jpirahFk;.
E ,d; myF : NC-1
kpd;Gyr;nrwpT gUkidAk; jpiriaAk; nfhz;bUg;gjdhy; mJ Xu; fhtpf;fzpakhFk;.
01. fhl;bathW xg;gkhd fpilj;jsj;jpw;F rkhe;jukhf E vDk; kpd;Gyr; nrwpT
cs;s NghJ m kg jpzpTk;> + q C Vw;wKk; nfhz;l Gs;spj; jpzpT xd;W fhl;bathW
itf;fg;gl;Lj; jsj;jpd; topNa tyg;gf;fkhf V Ntfj;jpy; vwpag;gLfpd;wJ.
1. jpzptpd; mku;KLfy; ahJ?
2. jpzpT Xa;tila vLf;Fk; Neuk; ahJ?
3. Jzpf;if Xa;tilAk; tiu nrd;w Jhuk;
ahJ?
4. jpzpT kPz;Lk; vwpag;gl;l Gs;spia mila
vLf;Fk; Neuk; ahJ?
5. vwpag;gLk; jpzptpd; Ntfk; Neuj;Jld; khWgLtijf; fhl;Lk; tiuig tiuf.
02. Gtp Nkw;gug;gpy; epiyf;Fj;jhff; fPo; Nehf;fp E kpd;Gyr; nrwpTila ,lj;jpy; L
ePs vspa Crnyhd;W njhq;ftplg;gl;L miya tplg;gLfpd;wJ. Cry; Fz;bd;
jpzpT m ck;> Vw;wk; + q ck; vdpd; mjd; miyT fhyk; ahJ?
03. fhl;ba jpirapy; rPuhd kpd;Gyr; nrwpT E cs;s
,lj;jpy;>
a. A B ,w;F
b. B C ,w;F
c. A C ,w;F + q Vw;wnkhd;iwf; fhl;ba ghijtopNa nfhz;L nry;yr; nra;a
Ntz;ba Ntiyfis fhz;f.
04. fhl;bathW rPuhd kpd;Gyr;nrwpT E cs;s ,lj;jpy; A
,ypUe;J B ,w;F miutl;lg; ghijapd; topNa + q
Vw;wnkhd;iwf; nfhz;Lnry;yr; nra;aNtz;ba Ntiy
ahJ?
05. fhl;bathW rPuhd kpd;Gyr;nrwpT E cs;s ,lj;jpy;
B ,ypUe;J A ,w;F Kf;fhy; tl;lg; ghijapd; topNa
+ q Vw;wnkhd;iwf; nfhz;Lnry;yr; nra;aNtz;ba
Ntiy ahJ?
FE
q
F Eq
m,qm, q
A B
C
E
a
b
q
A
B
a
A
B
a
kpd;Gyk; - myF 06 Eng. T. Thapesan- 7 -
Gs;sp Vw;wj;jhy; cUthFk; kpd;Gyr; nrwpT
Gs;sp Vw;wk; Q ,ypUe;J r J}uj;jpy; mt;Ntw;wj;jhy; cUthFk; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT
fPOs;s njhlu;ghy; jug;gLk;.
06. 20 C Vw;wj;jpypUe;J 3 m Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;spapy; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT ahJ?
07. 2a ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;spfs; A, B ,y; xt;nthd;Wk; + q Vw;wKs;s ,U
Gs;sp Vw;wq;fs; cs;sd. A, B ,y; ,Ue;J b Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;spapy; tpisAs;
kpd;Gyr;nrwptpd; gUkd; ahJ?
08. 2a ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;spfs; A, B ,y; KiwNa + q, - q Vw;wKs;s ,U
Gs;sp Vw;wq;fs; cs;sd. A, B ,y; ,Ue;J b Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;spapy; tpisAs;
kpd;Gyr;nrwptpd; gUkd; ahJ?
09. 10 2 cm gf;fKila rJuk; ABCD ,d; cr;rpfs; A, B, C, D ,y; KiwNa 91
10 C3
>
9110 C
3
> 92
10 C3
> 94
10 C3
Vw;wq;fs; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. rJuj;jpd; ikaj;jpy;
tpisAs; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT ahJ?
10. 12 cm ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;spfs; A, B ,y; KiwNa 8 C, 2 C Vw;wq;fs;
itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. A ,ypUe;J vt;tsT Jhuj;jpy; #dpag;Gs;sp ,Uf;Fk;?
11. fPNo glj;jpy; fhl;bathW ,U Vw;wq;fs; njhiytpy; xU Neu;Nfhl;by; ,Uf;FkhW
itf;fg;gl;Ls;s NghJ kpd;Gyr;nrwpT E MdJ Jhuk; r cld; khWgLk; tpjj;ij
tiuGgLj;Jf.
a. b.
Qr
2
o
QE
4 r
E
r
+Q
E
r
- Q
kpd;Gyk; - myF 06 Eng. T. Thapesan- 8 -
c. d.
e. f.
E
r
+Q +Q
E
r
+Q - Q
E
r
+2Q - Q
E
r
+Q +2Q
kpd;Gyk; - myF 06 Eng. T. Thapesan- 9 -
kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs;
kpd;Gyj;jpy; NeNuw;wk; xd;W mirAk; my;yJ mira vj;jdpf;Fk; ghij kpd;tpirf;
NfhLfs; vdg;gLk;.
kpd;tpirf;Nfhl;bd; ahjhapDk; xU Gs;spapYs;s kpd;Gyr;nrwptpd; jpirahdJ
mg;Gs;spapy; kpd;tpirf; Nfhl;Lf;F njhlypahf ,Uf;Fk;.
kpd;tpirf; NfhLfspd; ,ay;Gfs;
kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs; NeNuw;wj;jpy; njhlq;Fk;.
kpd;tpirf;NfhLfs; kiwNaw;wj;jpy; KbAk;.
kpd;tpirf;NfhLfs; xd;iwnahd;W ,ilntl;lhJ.
kpd;tpirf;NfhLfs; flj;jpapD}L ClWf;fhJ.
fhtypfspD}L kpd;tpirf;NfhLfs; ClWf;Fk;.
kpd;tpirf;NfhLfs; NeNuw;wj;jpy; njhlq;fp kiwNaw;wj;jpy; Kbtilayhk;. jdpnahUNeNuw;wk; ,Uf;Fk; NghJ kpd;tpirf;NfhL mt;Ntw;wj;jpypUe;J njhlq;Fk; Mdhy;
KbtilahJ.
kpd;tpirf; NfhLfspd; vz;zpf;if Vw;wj;jpd; gUkDf;F Neu;tpfpjrkdhf ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;.
kpd;tpirf;NfhLfs; - rpy cjhuzq;fs;
kpd;Gyk; - myF 06 Eng. T. Thapesan- 10 -
01. +2Q, -Q Vw;wKila ,U Vw;wq;fs; fhl;bathW r ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;
NghJ mt;Ntw;wq;fSf;fpilapyhd kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij tiue;J
fhl;Lf.
02. +2Q, +Q Vw;wKila ,U Vw;wq;fs; fhl;bathW r ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;
NghJ mt;Ntw;wq;fSf;fpilapyhd kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij tiue;J
fhl;Lf.
+2Q - Qr
+2Q - Qr
+Q
+Q
03. nghs; Nfhsk; xd;wpy; +Q Vw;wk;
tplg;gLk; NghJ kpd; tpirf; NfhLfs;
mikAk; tpjj;ij tiue;J fhl;Lf.
04. Vw;wkw;w nghs;flj;jp xd;wpd; ikaj;jpy;
+Q Vw;wk; epiyg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.
kpd;tpirf;NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij
tiuf.
05. nghs; Nfhsk; xd;wpd; ikaj;jpy; +Q
Vw;wj;ij epiyg;gLj;jp Nfhsj;jpy; - Q
Vw;wk; tplg;gLfpd;wJ. kpd;tpirf;
NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij tiue;J
fhl;Lf.
06. nghs; Nfhsk; xd;wpd; ikaj;jpy; + Q
Vw;wj;ij epiyg;gLj;jp Nfhsj;jpy; - Q
Vw;wk; tplg;gLfpd;wJ. kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs;
mikAk; tpjj;ij tiue;J fhl;Lf.
+Q
+Q
+Q
+Q+ Q
kpd;Gyk; - myF 06 Eng. T. Thapesan- 11 -
07. nghs; Nfhsk; xd;wpd; ikaj;jpy; +Q
Vw;wj;ij epiyg;gLj;jp Nfhsj;jpy;
+ Q Vw;wk; tplg;gLfpd;wJ. kpd;tpirf;
NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij tiue;J
fhl;Lf.
08. nghs; Nfhs Xl;bd; ikaj;jpy; Neu;
Vw;wk; Q epiyahf itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
kpd; tpirf;NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij
tiuf.
+Q
+Q
+Q
09. xU jbj;j nghs; Nfhs Xl;bd;
ikaj;jpy; +Q [ epiyg;gLj;jp -2Q
Vw;wk; Nfhsj;jpy; tplg;gLfpd;wJ.
kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij
tiuf.
10. Nfhsk; A MdJ +Q Vw;wg;gl;Lk;>
Nfhs XL B MdJ Vw;wg;glhkYk;
cs;sNghJ kpd;tpirf; NfhLfis
tiuf.
+Q
- 2Q
A
B
+Q
11. Nfhsk; A MdJ +Q Vw;wg;gl;Lk;> Nfhs
XL B MdJ +Q Vw;wg;gl;Lk; cs;sNghJ
kpd;tpirf; NfhLfis tiuf.
12. +Q, -Q Vw;wg;gl;l ,U rkhe;juj; jl;Lf;
flj;jpfs; mUfUNf itf;fg;gl;L
,Uf;Fk; NghJ kpd;tpirf; NfhLfis
tiuf.
A
B
+Q
+Q
+Q - Q
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
kpd;Gyk; - myF 06 Eng. T. Thapesan- 12 -
13. Vw;wkw;w flj;jp xd;wpd; Kd;dhy; Gs;sp
Neu; Vw;wk; xd;W itf;fg;gl;Ls;sij
glk; fhl;Lfpd;wJ. kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs;
mikAk; tpjj;ij tiuf.
14. +Q, -Q Vw;wg;gl;l ,U rkhe;juj; jl;Lf;
flj;jpfs; mUfUNf itf;fg;gl;L
,Uf;Fk; NghJ mtw;Wf;fpilNa
Vw;wg;glhj flj;jpf; Nfhsk; itf;fg;gL
fpd;wJ. kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs; mikAk;
tpjj;ij tiuf.
+Q
+Q - Q
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
15. +Q, -Q Vw;wg;gl;l ,U rkhe;juj; jl;Lf;
flj;jpfs; mUfUNf itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;
NghJ mtw;Wf;fpilNa Vw;wg;glhj
flj;jpg; ghyk; itf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij
tiuf.
16. ++Q, -Q Vw;wg;gl;l ,U rkhe;juj; jl;Lf;
flj;jpfs; mUfUNf itf;fg;gl;L
,Uf;Fk; NghJ mtw;Wf;fpilNa
kpd;Dioag; ghyk; itf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
kpd;tpirf; NfhLfs; mikAk; tpjj;ij
tiuf.
+Q - Q
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+Q - Q
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
17. Nfhsf; flj;jp XL xd;wpDs; ikak; ,y;yhj xU Gs;sp A ,y; Gs;sp Vw;wk; + Q
epiyahf itf;fg;gLk; NghJ kpd;tpirf; NfhLfspd; tpjj;ij tiue;J fhl;Lf.
+QA+QA
kpd;Gyk; - myF 06 Eng. T. Thapesan- 13 -
kpd;dOj;jk;
kpd;Gyj;jpYs;s Gs;spf;F KbtpypapypUe;J XuyF NeNuj;ij nfhz;LtUk;NghJ
kpd;Gyj;jpw;F vjpuhf nra;aNtz;ba Ntiy mg;Gs;spapYs;s kpd;dOj;jk; vdg;gLk;.
myF : J C-1
kpd;dOj;jk; Xu; vz;zpf;fzpakhFk;.
kpd;Gyj;jpw;F vjpuhf nra;ag;gLk; Ntiy Vw;wj;ij mirf;Fk; ghijapy; jq;fpapy;iy.
vdNt kpd;dOj;jk; Vw;wk; mirAk; ghijapy; jq;fpapy;iy.
kpd;tpir Xu; fhg;GtpirahFk;.
kpd;Gyj;jpw;F vjpuhf nra;ag;gLk; Ntiy Neuhf fUjg;gLtjdhy;> NeNuw;wj;jhy;
cUthFk; mOj;jk; NeuhfTk; kw;Naw;wj;jhy; cUthFk; mOj;jk; kiwahfTk;
fUjg;gLk;.
Gs;sp Vw;wj;jhy; cUthFk; kpd;dOj;jk;
Gs;sp Vw;wk; Q ,ypUe;J r J}uj;jpy; cUthFk; kpd;dOj;jk;>
01. 10 2 cm gf;fKila rJunkhd;wpd; cr;rpfs; xt;nthd;wpYk; 1 x 10-8 C Vw;wq;fs;
itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. rJuj;jpd; ikak; O ,y; tpisAs; kpd;dOj;jj;ijAk; fhz;f.
02. 10 2 cm gf;fKila rJunkhd;wpd; cr;rpfs; A, B, C, D ,y; KiwNa 1 x 10-9 C,,
2 x 10-9 C, -3 x 10-9 C, 4 x 10-9 C Vw;wq;fs; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. rJuj;jpd; ikaj;jpy;
kpd;dOj;jk; ahJ?
03. B ,ypUe;J A ,w;F Xu; Vw;wk; + Q [ nfhz;L
nry;tjw;F nra;aNtz;ba Ntiy ahJ?
Q
V
W
WV
Q
Qr
o
QV
4 r
A
B
+q
r
2r
kpd;Gyk; - myF 06 Eng. T. Thapesan- 14 -
04. X, Y vDk; Gs;spfspy; + 2q, + q vDk; Gs;sp Vw;wq;fs; epiyahf itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
A ,ypUe;J B ,w;F Vw;wk; + Q [ nfhz;L nry;yr; nra;aNtz;ba Ntiy ahJ?
05. glj;jpy; fhl;bathW + Q Vw;wj;jpypUe;J Kbtpyp
Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;sp A ,ypUe;J fhl;lg;gl;l
ghij topNa Gs;sp D ,w;F + q Vw;wk; xd;iwf;
nfhz;L nry;yr; nra;aNtz;ba Ntiy ahJ?
06. a gf;fk; nfhz;l rkgf;f Kf;Nfhzp xd;wpd; cr;rpfspw;F q, 2q, 3q vDk; Vw;wq;fis
itg;gjw;F nra;a Ntz;ba Ntiy ahJ?
07. fhl;bathW xg;gkhd fpilj;jiuapy; 2a ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; cs;s A, B vd;Dk;
Gs;spfspy; + q, - q vDk; Vw;wq;fs; itf;fg;gl;L gpbf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. - q Vw;wj;jpdJ
jpzpT m MFk;. A ,Ys;s Vw;wk; epiyahf ,Uf;f B ,Ys;s Vw;wk; tpLtpf;fg;gbd;
,U Vw;wq;fSf;Fk; ,ilg;gl;l Jhuk; a Mf tUk; NghJ tpLtpf;fg;gl;l Vw;wj;jpd;
Ntfk; ahJ?
08. epiyahf cs;s Xu; +Q Vw;wj;ij Nehf;fp Kbtpyp Jhuj;jpy; cs;s Gs;sp
xd;wpypUe;J m jpzpTk;> + q Vw;wKk; cila xU Jzpf;if u Ntfj;Jld;
vwpag;gLfpd;wJ. mj; Jzpf;if +Q Vw;wj;jpypUe;J vt;tsT Jhuj;jpy; fzepiy
Xa;tilAk;?
09. fPNo glj;jpy; fhl;bathW ,U Vw;wq;fs; xU Neu;Nfhl;by; ,Uf;FkhW itf;fg;gl;Ls;s
NghJ kpd;dOj;jk; V MdJ Jhuk; r cld; khWgLk; tpjj;ij tiuGgLj;Jf.
a. b.
c. d.
+2Q +Q
a a a
X
A B
Y
AB
C
D
a
+Q
A Ba a
+ q - q
E
r
+Q
E
r
- Q
E
r
+Q +Q
E
r
+Q - Q
ThapesaNPhysicS
kpd;Gyr;nrwpTf;Fk; mOj;j NtWgbw;Fk; ,ilapYs;s njhlu;G
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
56. gpd;tUk; mOj;j Jhu tiuGfSf;F xj;j kpd;Gyk; nrwpT Jhu tiuGfis tiuf.
a. b.
c.
dA BVBVA
EV
V
x
x
E
V
x
x
E
V
x
x
E
-28-
[ gf;fk; 29 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
57. gpd;tUk; kpd;Gyr; nrwpT Jhu tiuGfSf;F xj;j mOj;j Jhu tiuGfis tiuf.
a. b.
c. d.
e. f.
g.
E
x
x
V
E
x
x
V
E
x
x
V
E
x
x
V
E
x
x
V
E
x
x
V
E
x x
V
-29-
[ gf;fk; 30 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
58. V mOj;j NtWghl;Lf;F Vw;wg;gl;Ls;s fhl;ba jl;LfSf;fpilapy; m jpzpTila q
Vw;wk; xd;W nkJthf tpLtpf;fg;gl mJ jl;Lf;fis tpl;L ntspNaWfpd;wJ.
a. Vw;wj;jpy; jhf;Fk; tpir ahJ?
..............................................................................................
..............................................................................................
..............................................................................................
b. Vw;wj;jpd; Mu;KLfy; ahJ?
..............................................................................................
..............................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
c. Vw;wk; jl;il tpl;L ntspNaWk; Ntfk; ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
59. fhl;bathW Vw;wg;gl;l flj;Jk; rkhe;juj; jl;LfSf;fpilapy; Vw;wg;gl;l jpzpnthd;W
rkepiyapy; ,Ug;gpd;>
a. Vw;wk; q ,d; gUkd; ahJ?
b. jl;LfSf;fpilg;gl; mOj;jNtWghL khwhjpUf;f Fwp khw;wg;gbd; Vw;wj;jpd; Mu;KLfy;
ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
U=0
d
V
V
+ -
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
d Vmq
-30-
[ gf;fk; 31 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS -31-
[ gf;fk; 32 [g; ghu;f;f
60. fhl;lg;gl;l mikg;gpy; P ,y;
,Ue;J tpLtpf;fg;gLk; ,yj;jpud;
Q ,Ys;s Jthuj;jpDhlhf
ntspNawp Vw;wg;gl;l fpilj;
jl;LfSf;F ,ilapy; GFe;J
fpilj;jl;L GH [ Gs;sp X ,y;
milfpd;wJ. Mapd; GX ,d;
ngWkjp ahJ? ( d 0.01m )
......................................................
.....................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
kpd;ghak;
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
U=0
10000V
- +
e
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
d
PQ
G X H
E F
ThapesaNPhysicS
kpd;ghak; - Gauss’s Law
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
Note :
................................................................................................................................................
kpd;ghak; rhu;ghf kpd;Gyr;nrwpT
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
xU Gs;sp Vw;wk; Q [ Ro tiuag;gLk; r MiuAila Nfhsg;gug;gpDhL ntspr; nry;Yk;
nkhj;j kpd;ghak;>
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
xU Gs;sp Vw;wk; - Q [ Ro tiuag;gLk; r MiuAila Nfhsg;gug;gpDhL ntspr;
nry;Yk; nkhj;j kpd;ghak;>
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
-32-
[ gf;fk; 33 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
fTrpd; Njw;wk; - Gauss’s Law
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
61. %ba gug;G xd;wpDs; cs;s Vw;wk; 1C Mapd; mg;gug;gpypUe;jhd ntspNehf;fpa
kpd;ghak; ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
62. fhl ;ba mikg ;g py ; , Fwp xNu
gUkDila Vw;wj;ijf; Fwpf;Fk; vk; %ba
gug ;g pDhlhd ntspNehf ;f pa ghak ;
cau;tha; ,Uf;Fk;?
.....................................................................
.....................................................................
.....................................................................
63. d gf;fk; nfhz;l rJuj; jl;bd; ikaj;jpypUe;J d2
cauj;jpy; Q Vw;wnkhd;W cs;s NghJ jl;bDhlhd
kpd;ghak;?
...........................................................................................
...........................................................................................
...........................................................................................
...........................................................................................
+ +
-
+ +
-+ +
+-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
S1
S2
S3
S4S5
d
d
d/2
+Q
-33-
[ gf;fk; 34 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
64. $k;G xd;wpd; mbapd; ikaj;jpy; Q Vw;wk; fhl;bathW itf;fg;gl;L
cs;sJ. $k;gpd; tisgug;gpDhlhd kpd;ghaj;jpd; msT ahJ?
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................
65. a gf;fePsKs;s rJuKfp xd;wpd; xU cr;rpapy; Q Vw;wk;
itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
66. Nkw;gug;Gfs; 1 2S ,S fspDhlhd tpisAs; kpd;ghaj;jpd; msT ahJ?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
fTrpd; Njw;wj;jpd; gpuNahfq;fs;
Gs;sp Vw;wk; Q ,dhy; r Jhuj;jpy; cUthFk; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
+Q
+Q
a
a
a
+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -+ -
+Q-Q
S2S1
r
+Q
-34-
[ gf;fk; 35 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS -35-
[ gf;fk; 36 [g; ghu;f;f
a MiuAila Vw;wg;gl;l nghs;Nfhsk; xd;wpd; ikaj;jpypUe;J r Jhuj;jpy;kpd;Gyr; nrwpT>
tif I r a
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
tif II r a
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
tif III r a
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
r
+Q
a
+Q
r = a
+Q
r
a
ThapesaNPhysicS
rPuhf Vw;wg;gl;l ( Q) > L ePs nky;ypa flj;jpapypUe;J r Jhuj;jpy; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
a MiuAila rPuhf Vw;wg;gl;l jpz;kf; Nfhsk; xd;wpd; ikaj;jpypUe;J r
Jhuj;jpy; kpd;Gyr; nrwpT>
tif I r a
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
r
+Q
a
-36-
[ gf;fk; 37 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
tif II r a
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
tif III r a
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
Note: Vw;wg;gl;l nghs; Nfhsj;jpd; ikaj;jpypUe;J Jhuk; r cld; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT khWgLk;
tpjk; gpd;tUkhW mikAk;>
+Q
r = a
+Q
r
a
+Q
a
-37-
[ gf;fk; 38 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
Note: rPuhf Vw;wg;gl;l jpz;kf; Nfhsj;jpd; ikaj;jpypUe;J Jhuk; r cld; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT
khWgLk; tpjk; gpd;tUkhW mikAk;>
Vw;wg;gl;l Nfhsf;flj;jpapdhy; cUthFk; mOj;jk;>
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
+Q
a
+Q
a
-38-
[ gf;fk; 39 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS -39-
[ gf;fk; 40 [g; ghu;f;f
67. gpd;tUk; re;ju;g;gq;fSf;F kpd;Gyr;nrwpT (E) Juhj;Jld; khWgLk; tiuig tiuf.
a. b.
c. d.
e. f.
a
+Q
E
r
E
r
a
2a
+Q
E
r
a
2a
+Q
+Q
E
r
a
2a
+Q
-Q
E
r
a
2a
+Q
+2Q
E
r
a
2a
-Q
+2Q
ThapesaNPhysicS
68. a,2a Miufis cila xU ikaf; Nfhs XLfs; A,B
,d; xt;nthU Nkw;gug;gpYk; cs;s Vw;wj;jpd; msTfis
fhz;f.
..................................................................................................
..................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
69. A,B vDk; a,b Miufis cila xNu ikaf; Nfhs XLfSs;
cs; XL Q Mf Vw;wg;gl;L ntspNahL Gtpf;Fj; njhLf;fg;
gbd;> ntsp Xl;by; Jhz;lg;gl;bUf;Fk; tpisAs; Vw;wk;?
......................................................................................................
......................................................................................................
......................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
70. NkNy cs;s mikg;gpy; ntsp XL Q Mf Vw;wg;gl;L cs;NshL
Gtpf;F ,izf;fg;gbd;> cs; Xl;by; Jhz;lg;gbd; tpisAs;
Vw;wk;?
........................................................................................................
........................................................................................................
........................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
a
2a
+Q
-2Q A
B
a
b
+Q
A
B
a
b
+Q
A
B
-40-
[ gf;fk; 41 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
71. fhl;bathwhd xNu ika A,B,C vDk; Nfhs XLfspy;
cs;> ntsp XLfs; Gtpf;Fj; njhLf;fg;gl;bUf;f eL
XL B > Q Mf Vw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ. Mapd; A,C XLfspy;
Jhz;lg;gLk;. Vw;wf;fisf; fhz;gJld; xt;nthU
Xl;bd; cs;> ntsp Nkw;gug;Gfspy; cs;s Vw;wq;fspd;
msTfisf; fhz;f.
......................................................................................
......................................................................................
......................................................................................
......................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
5cm
+Q
A
B
10cm
15cm
-41-
[ gf;fk; 42 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
72. A gypjg; gug;gsTila flj;jpj; jl;L xd;wpy; Q Vw;wk; tpLtpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. mj;jl;bd;
Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
73. A gypjg; gug;Gila Kbtpyp ePs nghypj;jPd; jhspd; xU gf;fj;jpy; Q Vw;wk; rPuhf
tplg;gLfpd;wJ. mg; nghypj;jPd; jhspy; Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
74. ntspahiu a cila Nfhsk; xd;wpw;F Q Vw;wk; toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ. mjd; Nkw;gug;gpd;
Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
75. xU ika Nfhs XLfs; ,uz;by; cs;Nshl;by; Q Vw;wk; tplg;gl;L
cs;sJ. xt;nthU Nkw;gug;gpdJk; Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jpiaf; fhz;f.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
r
2r
+Q
-42-
[ gf;fk; 43 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
76. a MiuAila Nfhsk; xd;wpd; Nkw;gug;gpd; Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp MFk;. Nfhsj;jpw;F
ntspNa mjd; ikaj;jpypUe;J r Jhuj;jpy; kpd;dOj;jj;ijAk;> kpd;Gyr; nrwpitAk;
fhz;f.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
77. a MiuAila Nfhsk; xd;wpd; Nkw;gug;gpd; Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp MFk;. Nfhsj;jpd;
cs;Ns mjd; ikaj;jpypUe;J r Jhuj;jpy; kpd;dOj;jj;ijAk;> kpd;Gyr; nrwpitAk;
fhz;f.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
78. fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s xUikaf; Nfhs XLfspy; cs;NshL Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp ,Uf;FkhW
Vw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ. ikaj;jpypUe;J 2r Jhuj;jpy; kpd;Gyr; nrwpitAk; kpd;dOj;jj;ijAk;
fhz;f.
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
r
3r
+
-43-
[ gf;fk; 44 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
rPuhf Vw;wg;gl;l flj;jpapdhy; cUthf;fg;gLk; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
79. a gf;fk; nfhz;l flj;Jk; fdf;Fw;wp xd;W Q Mf Vw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,f;Fw;wpapd;
Kfnkhd;wpd; ikaj;jpw;F mUfhikapy; cs;s kpd;Gyr;nrwpT ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
80. epiyf;Fj;jhf cs;s Neuhf Vw;wpa flj;Jk; jl;bw;F mUfpy; Neuhf Vw;wg;gl;l (Q) > m
jpzpTila rpwpa Nfhsk; xd;W ,io xd;wpy; njhq;ftplg;gl;L cs;sJ. ,io
epiyf;Fj;Jld; Nfhzj;ij mikf;fpd;wJ vdpd; jl;bd; Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jp ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
+
+
++
++
++
+ ++
+
+
++
++
+ ++
++ ++
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-44-
[ gf;fk; 45 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
rPuhf Vw;wg;gl;l nghypj;jPd; jhspdhy; cUthf;fg;gLk; kpd;Gyr;nrwpT
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
............................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
81. gpd;tUk; re;ju;g;gq;fspy; kpd;Gyr; nrwpitf; fhz;f.
a. A gug;Gila flj;jpj; jl;by; Q Vw;wk; tplg;gLk; NghJ jl;bd; eLg; gFjpf;F mz;ikapy;
kpd;Gyr; nrwpT ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
b. A gug;Gila fhtypj; jl;bd; xU gf;fj;jpy; Vw;wk; Q rPuhf gutpAs;sJ. jl;bd; eLg;
gFjpf;F mz;ikapy; kpd;Gyr; nrwpT ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
c. a gf;f ePsk; cila fhtypr; rJuKfpapy; Q Vw;wk; Nkw;gug;gpy; rPuhf gutp ,Ug;gpd; xU
Kfj;jpw;F mz;ikapy; kpd;Gyr; nrwpT ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
+
+
++
++
++
+ ++
+
+
++
++
+ ++
++ ++
+++
+++
++
+ ++
+
+ +
+
++
+
++ +
++
+
-45-
[ gf;fk; 46 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
flj;jp xd;wpd; nfhs;ssT
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
Nfhsf; flj;jp xd;wpd; nfhs;ssT
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
,U Vw;wg;gl;l flj;jpfis ,izj;jy;
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
+Q
a
-46-
[ gf;fk; 47 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
Vw;wg;gl;l flj;jpf; nfhs;sstp xd;wpy; Nrkpf;fg;gl;Ls;s rf;jp
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
Note:
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
82. A,B vd;Dk; flj;Jk; Nfhs XLfs; KiwNa
Q, 2Q Mf Vw;wg;gl;Ls;sd. ,tw;wpd;
Miufs; KiwNa 2a,a MFk;.
a. Nfhs XLfspYs;s nkhj;j epiy kpd; rf;jp
ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
2a
aS
+2Q+Q
AB
-47-
[ gf;fk; 48 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
b. Msp S Nghlg;gLtjhy; cUthFk; nghJ mOj;jk; ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
c. ,izg;gpd; gpd; njhFjpapYs;s nkhj;j epiykpd; rf;jp ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
d. ,izg;gpdhy; Vw;gl;l rf;jp el;lj;ijAk;> ,r;rf;jp el;lk; vq;F tpuakhf;fg;gl;lJ vd;gijAk;
$Wf.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
e. ,izg;gpd; gpd; A,B XLfsps;s Vw;wg;gug;glu;j;jpfspd; tpfpjk; ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
-48-
[ gf;fk; 49 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
83. Q Vw;wg;gl;Ls;s 3a MiuAila Nfhsk; fhl;bathW 2a MiuAila Vw;wg;glhj
flj;jpAld; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. Msp %lg;gLk; NghJ
nghJ mOj;jj;ijf; fhz;f.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
xU Nfhsj;jpypUe;J kw;iwa Nfhsj;jpw;F ,lk;khWk; Vw;wj;jpd; msT ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
84. Msp S %lg;gLk; NghJ>
xU Nfhsj;jpypUe;J kw;iwajpw;F ,lk;ngaUk; Vw;wj;jpd; msT
ahJ?
......................................................................................................
......................................................................................................
ntspNkw;gug;gpd; mOj;jk; ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
cs;Nkw;gug;gpd; mOj;jk; ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
S
2a 3a+Q
r
2r
+Q
S
-49-
[ gf;fk; 50 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
85. xU jl;by; Q Vw;wk; tplg;gl;Ls;sJ. xt;nthU Nkw;gug;gpYk; cs;s Vw;wj;jpd; msT
ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
86. fhl;bathW Vw;wg;gl;l ,U jl;Lf;fs; mUfUNf itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Nkw;gug;Gf;fs; A,B,C,D
,y; cs;s Vw;wq;fspd; msT ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
87. fhl;bathW Vw;wg;gl;l ,U jl;Lf;fs; mUfUNf itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Nkw;gug;Gf;fs; A,B,C,D
,y; cs;s Vw;wq;fspd; msT ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
88. fhl;bathW Vw;wg;gl;l ,U Vw;wgl;l jl;Lf;fSk; Vw;wg;glhj xU jl;Lk; mUfUNf
itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Nkw;gug;Gf;fs; A,B,C,D,E,F ,y; cs;s Vw;wq;fspd; msT ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
+Q
A B C D
+Q +2Q
A B C D
+Q -2Q
+Q +2Q
A CB D E F
-50-
[ gf;fk; 51 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
kpd;Dioaq;fs;
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
rhu; mDkjpj;jpwd; my;yJ kpd;Dioa khwpyp
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
89. 2 C, 5 C Vw;wq;fis tspapy; xU Fwpj;j ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;Fk; NghJ mtw;wpw;F
,ilapyhd js;Sif tpir 100N MFk;. mt; Vw;wq;fis mNj ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy;
,Uf;FkhW rhu; mDkjpj;jpwd; 5 cila Clfj;jpy; itf;Fk; NghJ mtw;wpw;fpilNa
njhopw;gLk; tpir ahJ?
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
-51-
[ gf;fk; 52 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
nfhs;sstpfs; my;yJ xLf;fpfs;
Vw;wq;fisr; Nrkpg;gjw;fhd rhjdNk xLf;fpahFk;. ,uz;L cNyhfj; jl;Lf;fis xU
Fwpg;gpl;l ,ilj; Jhuj;jpy; itg;gjd; %yk; xU nfhs;sstpia cUthf;fyhk;. ,J
rkhe;juj; jl;Lf; top xLf;fp vdg;gLk;.
xU xLf;fpapd; jl;Lf;fis xU fyj;jpd; KidfSf;F ,izj;jhy; jl;LfSf;F
FWf;Nfahd mOj;jNtWghL fyj;jpd; kpd;dpaf;ftpirf;Fr; rkdhFk; tiu fz
Neuj;jpw;F kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk; fyj;jpd; Neu; KidTld; ,izf;fg;gl;l jl;by; NeNuw;wKk;>
kiwKidTld; ,izf;fg;gl;l jl;by; kiwNaw;wKk; ,Uf;Fk;. ,U jl;Lf;fspYk;
cs;s Vw;wj;jpd; gUkd;fs; rkdhf ,Uf;Fk;.
nfhs;sstpffis kpd;Ndw;Wjy;
nfhs;sstpfis kpd;Ndw;Wk; NghJ mjd; jl;LfSf;F ,ilapyhd mOj;jNtWghL
V > fyj;jpDhlhd kpd;Ndhl;lk; I > xLf;fpapd; jl;by; cs;s Vw;wk; Q vd;gd Neuk; t
cld; khWgLk; tpjk; gpd;tUkhW mikAk;.
-52-
[ gf;fk; 53 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
nfhs;sstpffis kpd;dpwf;fy;
Vw;wg;gl;l xLf;fp xd;wpd; jl;Lf;fis Xu; fk;gpapdhy;
njhLg;gjdhy; mjid kpd;dpwf;fyhk;. mg;NghJ xLf;fpapy;
cs;s Vw;wk; g+r;rpakhFk; tiu fz Neuj;jpw;F
kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk;.
kpd;dpwf;fj;jpd; NghJ mjd; jl;LfSf;F ,ilapyhd
mOj;jNtWghL V > fyj;jpDhlhd kpd;Ndhl;lk; I >
xLf;fpapd; jl;by; cs;s Vw;wk; Q vd;gd Neuk; t cld;
khWgLk; tpjk; gpd;tUkhW mikAk;.
Note:
nfhs;sstpahdJ xNu mOj;j NtWghl;bw;F Vw;wg;gl;L jilfs; 1 2 1 2R ,R R R ,id
jdpj;jdpNa ,izg;gjd; %yk; kpd;dpwf;fg;gLfpd;wd. me;epiyapy; kpd;Ndhl;lk;
Neuj;Jld; khWgLk; tiuG gpd;tUkhW mikAk;.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
R1
R2
-53-
[ gf;fk; 54 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
nfhs;sstp xd;wpd; nfhs;sstk;
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
nfhs;sstpfspd; Nru;khdk;
njhlu;epiyr; Nru;khdk;
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
rkhe;ju epiyr; Nru;khdk;
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
X Y X Y
X YX Y
-54-
[ gf;fk; 55 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
90. gpd;tUk; nfhs;sstpfspd; tpisAs; nfhs;sstq;fis fhz;f.
a.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
b.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
c.
................................................................................................................................................
d.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
e.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
f.
................................................................................................................................................
X Y
6 F 3 F
X Y
12 F 4 F
X Y
9 F 18 F
X Y
6 F 3 F 2 F
X Y
6 F 3 F 12 F
4 F
X Y
6 F 12 F 2 F
2 F
3 F
-55-
[ gf;fk; 56 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
91. fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s mikg;gpy; re;jp X ,y; cs;s mOj;jk;>
xt;nthU nfhs;sstpapYk; cs;s Vw;wk; vd;gtw;iwf;
fhz;f.
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
92. gpd;tUk; nfhs;sstpfspd; tpisAs; nfhs;sstq;fis fhz;f.
a.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
b.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
+ 2V + 3V
- 1V
4 F
3 F2 F
X
12 F
A B12 F12 F
12 F
A B
6 F
6 F4 F
8 F
-56-
[ gf;fk; 57 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
93. 12 F,6 F nfhs;ssTila ,uz;L nfhs;sstpfs; njhluhf ,izf;fg;gl;L Nru;khdj;jpw;F
FWf;Nf 600V fy mLf;F ,izf;fg;gl;lJ. xt;nthU nfhs;sstpapYk; cs;s
Vw;wj;ijAk; mtw;Wf;Ff; FWf;Nfahd mOj;j NtWghl;ilAk; fhz;f.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
nfhs;sstpfspy; Nrkpf;fg;gLk; rf;jp
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
-57-
[ gf;fk; 58 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
94. 12 F,4 F nfhs;ssTila ,U nfhs;sstpfs; njhluhf ,izf;fg;gl;L Nru;khdj;jpw;F
FWf;Nf 1200V fy mLf;F ,izf;fg;gl;lJ. ,g;NghJ ,t;tpU nfhs;sstpfSk;
kpd;Kjypy; ,Ue;J Jz;bf;fg;gl;L gpd;du; xj;j jl;Lf;fs; xUkpj;J ,Uf;FkhW
,izf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. jw;NghJ nfhs;sstpfl;Fk; FWf;Nfahd nghJ mOj;j
NtWghl;ilAk; ,izg;gpdhy; Vw;gl;l kpd;dOj;j rf;jp el;lj;ijAk; fhz;f.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
95. 3 F,2 F nfhs;ssTila ,U nfhs;sstpfs; njhluhf ,izf;fg;gl;L Nru;khdj;jpw;F
FWf;Nf 400V fy mLf;F ,izf;fg;gl;lJ. ,g;NghJ ,t;tpU nfhs;sstpfSk;
kpd;Kjypy; ,Ue;J Jz;bf;fg;gl;L gpd;du; xj;j jl;Lf;fs; xUkpj;J ,Uf;FkhW
,izf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. jw;NghJ nfhs;sstpfl;F FWf;Nfahd nghJ mOj;j NtWghl;ilAk;
,izg;gpdhy; Vw;gl;l kpd;dOj;j rf;jp el;lj;ijAk; fhz;f.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
-58-
[ gf;fk; 59 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
96. xt;nthU nfhs;sstpfSk; jdpj;jdpNa 200V > 300V ,w;F
kpd;Ndw;wg;gl;L fhl;bathW Rw;wpy; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Msp
S %lg;gLk; NghJ nfhs;sstpfSf;fpilapyhd nghJ mOj;jk;
ahJ?
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
97. xt;nthU nfhs;sstpfSk; jdpj;jdpNa 200V,100V ,w;F
kpd;Ndw;wg;gl;L fhl;bathW Rw;wpy; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Msp
S %lg;gLk; NghJ nfhs;sstpfSf;fpilapyhd nghJ mOj;jk;
ahJ?
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
+ -
+ -
S
5 F
2 F
+-
+ -
S
3 F
4 F
-59-
[ gf;fk; 60 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
98. 12 F,6 F,4 F nfhs;ssTila %d;W nfhs;sstpfs; njhluhf ,izf;fg;gl;L
Nru;khdj;jpw;F FWf;Nf 1100V fy mLf;F ,izf;fg;gl;lJ. ,g;NghJ ,t;%d;W
nfhs;sstpfSk; kpd;Kjypy; ,Ue;J Jz;bf;fg;gl;L gpd;du; xj;j jl;Lf;fs; xUkpj;J
,Uf;FkhW ,izf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. jw;NghJ nfhs;sstpfl;F FWf;Nfahd nghJ
mOj;jj;ijf; fhz;f.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
99. 2 F nfhs;ssTila nfhs;sstp xd;W 200V mOj;j NtWghl;bw;F Vw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ.
3 F nfhs;ssTila nfhs;sstp xd;W 400V mOj;j NtWghl;bw;F Vw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ.
,g;NghJ ,t;tpU nfhs;sstpfSk; kpd;Kjypy; ,Ue;J Jz;bf;fg;gl;l gpd;du; xt;thj
jl;Lf;fs; xUkpj;jpUf;Fk; gbahf rkhe;jukhf ,izf;fg;gl;ld. nghJ mOj;jj;ijAk;
kpd;dOj;j rf;jp el;lj;ijAk; fhz;f.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
-60-
[ gf;fk; 61 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
rkhe;juj; jl;Lf; nfhs;sstpapd; nfhs;ssT
A gypjg; gug;gsTs;s ,U flj;Jk; rkhe;juj; jl;Lfs; d ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;L
cs;sJ vd;f. ,J Vw;wg;gl> Neu;j;jl;by; cs;s Vw;wk; Q vd;f.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
rkhe;juj; jl;Lf; nfhs;sstpapd; jl;LfSf;fpilNa flj;jpg; ghyk; itf;fg;gLk;NghJ tpisAs; nfhs;sstk;
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
Vd
-61-
[ gf;fk; 62 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
rkhe;juj; jl;Lf; nfhs;sstpapd; jl;LfSf;fpilNa kpd;Dioag; ghyk; itf;fg;gLk;NghJ tpisAs; nfhs;sstk;
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
Note:
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
-62-
[ gf;fk; 63 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
100. gpd;tUk; rkhe;juj; jl;Lf; nfhs;sstpj; jl;LfSf;fpilapy; tsp cs;sNghJ mjd;
nfhs;sstk; C Mapd;> fhl;bathW jl;LfSf;fpilg;gl;l gFjp kpd;Dioaj;jpdhy;
epug;gg;gl;Ls;s NghJ njhFjpapd; nfhs;ssitf; fhz;f.
a.
................................................................................................................................................
b.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
c.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
d.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
e.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
r
r = 3
r = 3/2
r = 4
r = 2
r = 4/3
r = 4 r = 2
r = 6 r = 9
r = 18r = 3
-63-
[ gf;fk; 64 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
101. gypj gug;gsT A cila ehd;F jl;Lf;fs;
xt;nthd;Wk; d ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
tpisAs; nfhs;sstk; ahJ?
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102. gypj gug;gsT A cila ehd;F jl;Lf;fs;
xt;nthd;Wk; d ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
tpisAs; nfhs;sstk; ahJ?
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103. gypj gug;gsT A cila ehd;F jl;Lf;fs;
xt;nthd;Wk; d ,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
tpisAs; nfhs;sstk; ahJ?
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d
A
-64-
[ gf;fk; 65 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
104. fPOs;s xt;nthU re;ju;g;gj;jpYk; gypj gug;gsT A cila jl;Lf;fs; xt;nthd;Wk; d
,ilj;Jhuj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. xt;nthU re;ju;g;gj;jpw;Fkhd tpisAs; nfhs;sstk;
vt;tsT vdf; fhz;f.
a.
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b.
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c.
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d.
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X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
-65-
[ gf;fk; 66 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
105. Xu; rkhe;juj; jl;L tsp xLf;fpahdJ khwh
kpd;dpaf;f tpirAila Nrkpg;Gf; fyj;Jld;
,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. fhl;bathW nfhs;sstpj;
jl;LfSf;fpilapy; kpd;Dioak; nrUFk; NghJ
gpd;tUtdtw;wpw;F ahJ epfOnkdf; $Wf.
a. nfhs;sstpapd; nfhs;sstk;.
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b. nfhs;sstpf;Ff; FWf;Nf cs;s mOj;j NtWghL.
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c. nfhs;sstpapYs;s Vw;wk;.
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d. nfhs;sstpapy; Nrkpf;fg;gl;l rf;jp.
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e. nfhs;sstpj; jl;LfSf;F ,ilapYs;s kpd;Gyr; nrwpT.
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f. fyk; kpd;dpwf;fg;gl;gLkh? my;yJ kpd;Ndw;wg;gLkh?
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g. kpd;Dioaj;ijr; nrUFjy; ,yFthdjh? fbdkhdjh?
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+
-
-66-
[ gf;fk; 67 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
106. Vw;wg;gl;l nfhs;sstp xd;W fyj;jpypUe;J jdpahf;fg;gl;l
gpd; fhl;bathW nfhs;sstpj; jl;LfSf;F ,ilapy;
kpd;Dioak; nrUFtjhy; gpd;tUtdtw;wpw;F ahJ epfOk;?
a. nfhs;sstpapd; nfhs;sstk;.
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b. nfhs;sstpf;Ff; FWf;NfAs;s mOj;j NtWghL.
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c. nfhs;sstpay; cs;s Vw;wk;.
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d. nfhs;sstpapy; Nrkpf;fg;gl;l rf;jp.
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e. nfhs;sstpj; jl;Lf;fSf;F ,ilapYs;s kpd;Gyr; nrwpT.
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f. kpd;Eioaj;ijr; nrUFjy; ,yFthdjh? fbdkhdjh?
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107. ntsp XL Gtpf;F njhLf;fg;gl;l epiyapy; cs;Nshl;bw;F Q
Vw;wk; Nru;f;fg;gLk; NghJ cs; ntsp jl;LfSf;fpilapyhd
nfhs;ssit fhz;f.
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+
-
a
bA
B
-67-
[ gf;fk; 68 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
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108. cs; XL Gtpf;F njhLf;fg;gl;l epiyapy; ntspNshl;bw;F Q Vw;wk;
Nru;f;fg;gLk; NghJ cs; ntsp jl;LfSf;fpilapyhd nfhs;ssit
fhz;f.
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a
bA
B
-68-
[ gf;fk; 69 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
109. khWk; nfhs;sstp xd;wpd; nfhs;ssit 2 F ,ypUe;J 20 F tiu khw;wyhk;. ,f;
nfhs;sstpahdJ cau;T nfhs;sstp epiyapy; 200V mOj;j NtWghl;bw;F
kpd;Ndw;wg;gl;l gpd;du; kpd;KjypypUe;J jdpahf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,g;NghJ mJ ,opTf;
nfhs;ssit jUk;gbahf mjd; jl;Lf;fs; Row;wg;gLfpd;wd. gpd;tUtdtw;iwf; fhz;f.
a. jw;NghJ nfhs;sstpapy; cs;s Vw;wk; ahJ?
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b. jw;NghJ nfhs;sstpf;F FWf;Nf mOj;jNtWghL ahJ?
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c. cuha;itg; Gwf;fzpf;fyhk; vdf; fUjp jl;Lf;fis Row;Wtjpy; nra;ag;gl;l nghwpKiw
Ntiy ahJ?
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110. Xu; ,bKfpy; MdJ 225km gug;gilaJ. mJ epyj;jpypUe;J 750m cauj;jpy; cs;sJ.
mk;KfpiyAk; epyj;ijAk; Nru;j;J Xu; rkhe;juj;jl;L nfhs;sstpahf fUjg;glyhk;.
12 1
o8.85 10 Fm vdpd; gpd;tUtdtw;iwf; fhz;f.
a. nfhs;sstpapd; nfhs;ssT.
b. kpd;Kfpypd; mOj;jk; 510 V vdpd; nfhs;sstpapd; kpd;dOj;j rf;jp
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-69-
[ gf;fk; 70 [g; ghu;f;f
ThapesaNPhysicS
112. 6 F nfhs;sstp xd;W xU kpd; fyj;jpw;F ,izf;fg;gl;bUg;gij glk; fhl;Lfpd;wJ.
Msp S %lg;gLk; NghJ gpd;tUtdtw;iwf; fhz;f.
a. nfhs;sstpapy; Nrkpf;fg;gLk; rf;jp.
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b. jilapy; tpiuakhd rf;jp ahJ?
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c. fyk; ,oe;j rf;jp ahJ?
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S
R
100V
6 F
-70-
[ gf;fk; 71 [g; ghu;f;f