CNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM c lp - T do - Hnh phc

TM TT THUYT MINH K THUTBIN PHP T CHC THI CNG

*** ***GI THU S 05: XL5-K ON T CU HNG NG N HT KHU TI NH C, DI L=800MA IM: TH TRN HNG NG - HUYN HNG NG - TNH NG THP D N: QUN L RI RO THIN TAI WB4 CH U T: S NNG NGHIP V PHT TRIN NNG THN NG THP

1

CHNG I: M T TM TT CNG TRNH

I. GII THIU GI THU: 1. Tn d n: Tiu d n chng xi l b sng Tin Th trn Hng Ng, ng Thp thuc d n Qun l ri ro thin tai WB4. 2. a im xy dng: Th trn Hng Ng, tnh ng Thp 3. Cp quyt u t: B Nng nghip v pht trin nng thn 4. Ch u t v hnh thc qun l thc hin d n: S Nng nghip v pht trin Nng thn ng Thp l Ch u t tiu d n thnh phn. 5. Hnh thc u t: Xy dng mi 6. Mc tiu u t: Phng chng xi l b sng; bo v khu dn c th trn Hng Ng, n nh lu di cho dn c ang sinh sng khu vc th trn Hng Ng. To cnh quan mi trng trong khu vc b t knh bao bc th trn Hng Ng, to thnh mt hnh lang bo v, ngn chn tnh trng khu dn c sinh sng gn mp sng kt hp phc v dn sinh, pht trin kinh t, vn ho, du lch v to pht trin khu kinh t. Ngn chn c xu th tip tc st l ca khu vc th trn Hng Ng gp phn n nh khu dn c, ci to mi trng khu vc. 7. Cc thng s k thut. 7.1. Cp cng trnh: Cng trnh thu li cp III 7.2. Tn sut thit k: H s an ton tnh ton [K]: Tnh ton ma tiu: Mc nc ngoi sng 7.3 Thng s k thut: B va: - c ct thnh nhiu n nguyn mi n nguyn di 2m - B tng ti ch M200, 1x2 2 1.2 p = 10%. p = 10%.

- B tng lt mng M100, 1x2 Rnh thot nc: - Kch thc thng thu: 30x60cm - Mng bng b tng lt M100, 1x2, dy 5cm. - Bn y v vch rnh bng BTCT M200, 1x2 - Tm dale np rnh bng BTCT 8x40x100cm M200, 1x2 H ga, cng thot v mng thot: - Gm 23 h ga, cng thot v mng thot. - ng cng bng HDPE F50. - Kch thc thng thu h ga: 70x70cm - Tng h ga dy 15cm bng BTCT M200 1x2 - Bn y h ga dy 15cm, bng BTCT M200 1x2 - B tng lt bn y h ga bng BT M100 1x2 - Tm dale h ga kch thc 90x90x10cm BT M200 1x2 nh k: - Cao trnh nh k: 5.4m - Chiu rng nh k: 4.8m - Lt gch b tng mu chng trn dy 5cm M250 - Mng nh k p ct en - Bn trng cy khong 10m/bn, kch thc trong bn 100x100cm, con ln bn c xy bng gch th va xy M75, p trang tr mt trn con ln bng gch th . - H ga k thut (phn i ng dy in), KT lt lng 30x30cm, bng b tng M200 1x2. Tng chn: - c ct ra thnh nhiu n nguyn, mi n nguyn di trung bnh 10m - Cao trnh nh tng chn sng: +5.90m 3

- Cao trnh chn tng chn sng: +3.80m - Chiu cao tng: 1.7m - Chiu dy nh tng: 0.2m - Chiu dy chn tng: 0.3m - Chiu rng bn y: 0.4m - B tng lt M100, 1x2 dy 5cm - Tng bng BTCT M250, 1x2 - Mng c gia c bng cc BTCT M300, 1x2, c KT(0.2x0.2x6)m ng 1.0md/cc. Lan can: - c ct ra nhiu n nguyn, mi n nguyn di trung bnh 5.2m - Kt cu dng 2 nhp n, thanh v tr ng thp m km F90 v F76 xen ln nhp xy bn trng hoa, ngoi p gch th : - Tr lan can chnh bng BTCT ti ch M200, 1x2 - Thanh lan can bng ng thp m km F90 v F76 dy 2.0mm - Sn nh hnh trang tr bng sn du 2 nc cc cu kin tr, thanh, dm con ln lan can. Mi k Kt cu loi 1: on t Ko n Ko + 330m - Cao trnh nh lt mi: + 4.20m - Cao trnh chn lt mi: + 0.26m - Mi lt: m = 2.5

- Theo chiu di b tr 10m di trn dm 30x30cm bng BTCT M200, to cc lt tm lc lng dy 16cm; - Ti chn mi lt b tr dm dc 30x30cm bng BTCT M200 1x2; to cc lt tm lc lng dy 16cm - Ti chn mi lt b tr dm dc 30x30cm bng BTCT M200 1x2 - Cu kin lc lng cnh di 26cm, dy 16cm bng BT M200 1x2. Bn 4

di ri lt 1x2 dy 10cm, vi a k thut (tng ng chng loi TS65) Kt cu loi 2: on t Ko+330 n Ko + 800m - Cao trnh nh lt mi: + 4.20m - Cao trnh chn lt mi: + 2.70m - Mi lt: 15%

- Theo chiu di b tr 10m di trn dm 30x30cm bng BTCT M200. - Ti gia v chn mi lt b tr dm dc 30x30cm bng BTCT M200 1x2. - Theo chiu di b tr 2.2m di trn dm 30x20cm bng BTCT M200, 1x2. - Ti gia dm khung mi 30x30cm b tr dm 30x20cm bng BTCT M200. - Cc dm 30x30cm v 30x20cm to thnh khung (2x2)m c p t d kin sau ny s trng c. Bc thang ln xung: - Gm 3 bc thang - Kh cu rng 2m - Bng BTCT M200 1x2, lin khi. - Bc thang: rng 0.3 0.4m, cao t 0.16 0.2m - Dm bin 30x30cm bng BTCT M200 1x2. Cu tu: - Gm 4 bc thang - Kh rng cu: 3.7m - Chiu di cu 33.1m - Bng BTCT M250 1x2, lin khi - Sn cu dy 12cm - Dm chnh 30x20cm - Dm ngang 30x20cm 5

- Bc thang: rng 0.3m, cao 1.5m bng BTCT M250 - Mng ng cc BTCT M300 1x2, di t 11 14m Gia c lng sng: - Gia c t mp ngoi chn k n lng sng, chiu rng v chiu di theo thit k bng thm 0.3x2x5m; -Thm c an bng thp d=2.7mm bc nha PVC D3.8cm, kch thc an 8x10cm. - Vi a k thut (tng ng chng loi TS65) . H thng n trang tr. - Tt c cc h thng in c dn m di t, c bo v bng ng nha PVC F60, dy 2.8mm; - Vic ni dy dn in tuyt i khng c ni trong ng ngm, ch c ni trong tr n. - Khong cch b tr tr n 20md/tr - Tr n c b tr trn nh tr lan can - Ct n trang tr LG-0402 cao 3.5m, tay hoa vn bt n 39b - Mi tay hoa vn bt n gn 4 bng n cu F350, bng 20W. - Dy dn tr n trang tr (bng 20W) bng cp ng rut n rut 4mm2; - Dy dn bt ni vi ngun in ngoi bng cp 25mm2 - T in iu khin chiu sng. - ng h nh gi.

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CHNG 2: YU CU K THUT

I. CN C PHP L - Cn c lut u thu s 61/2005/QH11 ngy 29/11/2005 ca Quc hi kho XI, k hp th 8. - Cn c Ngh nh s 112/2006/N-CP ngy 29/9/2006 ca Chnh ph hng dn thi hnh Lut u thu v la chn Nh thu xy dng theo lut xy dng. - Lut xy dng 16/2003/QH11 ngy 26 thng 03 nm 2006 v xy dng. - Ngh nh s 209/2004/N-CP ngy 16/12/2004 ca Chnh ph v qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng. Thng t s 12/2005/TT-BXD ngy 15/07/2005 ca B xy dng hng dn mt s ni dung v qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng v iu kin nng lc ca t chc, c nhn trong hot ng xy dng. - Thng t s 18/2006/TT-BNN ngy 20/3/2006 ca B trng B Nng nghip & PTNT v hng dn mt s ni dung thc hin Ngh nh s 16/2005/N-CP ngy 07/02/2005 ca Chn ph v qun l d n u t xy dng cng trnh. V cc vn bn php lut khc c lin quan.

2. CC TIU CHUN QUY PHM K THUT P DNG CHO CNG TRNH.1. THIT K THI CNG V T CHC THI CNG

- TCVN 4055-85 T chc thi cng - TCVN 4252-88: Quy trnh lp thit k, t chc xy dng v thit k thi cng2. THI CNG MNG V X L NN

- TCVN 4447 - 1987: Cng tc t - Quy phm thi cng v nghim thu - TCXDVN 79 - 1980 : Thi cng v nghim thu cng tc nn mng3. THI CNG T

- TCVN 4447-1987: Cng tc t, quy phm thi cng v nghim thu 7

- 14TCN 20-85: K thut thi cng p t theo phng php m nn - 14TCN2-85: Cng trnh bng t - quy trnh thi cng bng bin php m nn nh. - TCXD 226-1999: t xy dng, phng php th nghim hin trng - phng php xuyn tiu chun. (SPT). - TCXDVN 301-2003 t xy dng - phng php phng x xc nh m v cht ca t ti hin trng. - TCVN 4195-1995: t xy dng - phng php xc nh khi lng ring trong phng th nghim. - TCVN 4196 - 1995: t xy dng - phng php xc inh m v ht m trong phng th nghim. - TCVN 4202 - 1995: Cht lng t - cc phng php xc nh khi lng th tch trong phng th nghim. V cc quy phm, tiu chun k thut khc hin hnh c lin quan.4. VT LIU S DNG CHO B TNG, B TNG CT THP V XY LT, XY LT GCH

hc theo 14TCN 12-2002: Cng trnh thu li, xy v lt - Yu cu k thut, thi cng v nghim thu; - 14TCN 70 - 2002: dm, si v si dm dng cho Btng thu cng - yu cu k thut; - 14TCN 66-2002: Ximng dng b tng thu cng - Yu cu k thut - 14TCN 114 - 2001: Ximng v ph gia trong xy dng thu li - hng dn s dng - 14TCN68 - 2002: Ct dng trong BTTC - Yu cu k thut - 14TCN72-2002: Nc dng trong BTTC - Yu cu k thut - TCXDVN 302:2004 : Nc trn btng v va - Yu cu k thut. - 14TCN 103 - 1999 14TCN 106:1999: Ph gia cho btng v va - Yu cu k thut - TCXDVN 325:2004: Ph gia ho hc cho btng - TCXDVN 311:2004: Ph gia khong hot tnh cao dng cho btng v va 8

- TCVN 1651-1985: Thp ct btng cn mng; - TCVN 6285 - 1997: Thp ct btng - Thp thanh vn V cc quy phm tiu chun k thut khc hin hnh c lin quan. Ch tiu thit k v s dng vi a k thut lc trong cng trnh thu li. - TCVN 1451 - 86: Gch c, t st nung; - TCVN 1450 - 86: Gch rng, t st nung. - TCVN 90-82: Gch lt, t st nung V cc quy phm tiu chun k thut hin hnh c lin quan.5. CNG TC THI CNG B TNG V BTCT

- 14TCN 63-2002: BT thu cng - yu cu k thut. - 14TCN 64-2002: Hn hp BTTC - yu cu k thut - 14TCN 59-2002: Cng trnh thu li - kt cu b tng v BTCT - yu cu k thut thi cng v nghim thu - 14TCN 48:1986: Quy trnh thi cng cho btng ma nng. - TCVN 5592: 91: Btng nng - Yu cu dng m t nhin - TCVN 4459 - 1995: Kt cu btng v BTCT lp ghp - Quy phm thi cng v nghim thu - TCXDVN 305:2004: btng khi ln- Quy phm thi cng v nghim thu. - TCXDVN 4453 - 93: btng khi ln - (kch thc nh nht khng di 2,5m v chiu di ln hn 0.8m) V cc quy phm hin hnh c lin quan.6. CNG TC THI CNG KHP NI BIN DNG.

Cng tc thi cng khp ni bin dng v khe co dn c thc hin theo yu cu tiu chun 14TCN 90-1995: Cng trnh thu li - quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu khp ni bin dng, ph lc H - quy nh v thi cng thit b chn bc, khe co dn v thit b tiu nc trong, tiu chun 14 TCN 59 - 2002 V cc quy phm, tiu chun k thut khc hin hnh c lin quan.7. CNG TC THI CNG XY, LT :

- 14TCN 80-2001: Va thu cng - yu cu k thut v phng php th. 9

- 14TCN 12-2002: Cng trnh thu li - xy lt , yu cu k thut thi cng v nghim thu. V cc quy phm, tiu chun k thut khc hin hnh c lin quan.8. THI CNG XY LT GCH:

- 14TCN 80-2001: Va thu cng - Yu cu k thut v phng php th; - 14TCN 120-2002:Cng trnh thu li: xy gch v lt gch - Yu cu k thut thi cng v nghim thu - TCXDVN 346:2005: Va dn gch p lt - Yu cu k thut v phng php th V cc quy phm, tiu chun k thut khc hin hnh c lin quan.9. AN TON:

- TCVN 5308 - 1991: Quy phm an ton k thut trong xy dng - TCXDVN 296-2004: Dn gio cc yu cu v dn gio - TCVN 4086-1985: An ton in trong xy dng, yu cu chung. V cc quy phm, tiu chun k thut khc hin hnh c lin quan.10. QUN L CHT LNG, NGHIM THU, BN GIAO CNG TRNH XY DNG

- Ngh nh s 209/2004/N-CP ngy 16/12/2004 v ngh nh s: 49/2008/NCP ngy 18/4/2008 ca Chnh ph ban hnh v sa i b sung mt s iu v qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng v Thng t s: 12/2005/TT-BXD ngy 15/7/2005ca B Xy Dng hng dn mt s ni dung v qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng v iu kin nng lc ca t chc c nhn trong hot ng xy dng - Quyt nh s: 91/2001/Q-BNN-KHCN ngy 11/9/2001 ca B trng B NN&PTNT ban hnh Quy nh qun l cht lng cng trnh thu li. - TCVN 5647-1991: Qun l cht lng xy lp cc cng trnh - nguyn tc c bn - TCXDVN 471:2006: Nghim thu cht lng thi cng cc cng trnh xy dng - TCVN 4091:1991: Nghim thu cc cng trnh xy dng. - TCVN 5639:1991: Nghim thu thit b lp t xong - nguyn tc c bn - TCVN 5610:1991: Bn giao cng trnh xy dng - nguyn tc c bn V cc quy phm, tiu chun k thut khc hin hnh c lin quan.11. KIM TRA CHT LNG VT LIU

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- 14TCN 67-2002: Ximng dng cho BTTC - phng php th. - 14TCN 69-2002: Ct dng cho BTTC - Phng php th. - 14TCN 73-2002: Nc dng cho BTTC - phng php th - TCVN 197-1985: Kim loi - phng php th ko; - TCVN 198-1985: Kim loi - Phng php th un - 14TCN 71-2002: dm, si v si dm dng cho BTTC - phng php th - 14TCN 107-1999: Ph gia ho hc cho Btng v va - phng php th - 14TCN 108-1999: Ph gia khong hot tnh nghin mn cho Btng v va phng php th - 14TCN 109-1999: Ph gia chng thm cho Btng v va - phng php th - 14TCN 91-1996 14TCN 99-1996: Cc loi kim tra cht lng vi a k thut. - TCVN 6355 - 1998: Gch xy - phng php th - TCVN 246 - 1986 TCVN 250 - 1986: Phng php xc nh cht lng gch V cc quy phm, tiu chun k thut khc hin hnh c lin quan.12. KIM TRA CHT LNG VA, HN HP B TNG V BTCT.

- 14TCN 65-2002: Hn hp BTTC v BTCT - phng php th - TCVN 3105:1993: B tng nng - ly mu, ch to v bo dng mu th. - 14TCN 80-2001: Va thu cng - yu cu k thut v phng php th. - TCVN 3113-1993: Phng php xc nh ht nc ca BTTC. - TCVN 3115-1993: Phng php xc nh khi lng th tch ca BTTC. - TCVN 3112-1997: Phng php xc nh khi lng ring, cht, rng ca BTCT. - TCVN 3116-1993: Phng php xc nh chng thm nc ca BTTC. - TCVN 3117-1993: Phng php xc nh co ca BTTC. - TCVN 3118-1993: Phng php xc nh cng nn ca BTTC - TCVN 3119-1993: Phng php xc nh cng ko khi un ca BTTC - TCVN 5276-1993: Xc nh cng mu hnh lng tr v mun n hi ca BTTC 11

- TCVN 5724-1993 -:- 20TCN162-1987: Phng php xc nh cng b tng bng sng bt ny - TCXD 225-1998: Xc nh cng b tng bng phng php siu m. - TCXD 171-1989: Xc nh cng b tng bng siu m kt hp vi sng bt ny. - TCXD 239-2000: Btng nng - ch dn nh gi cng Btng ca kt cu - TCXD 240-2000: Kt cu BTCT - phng php in t xc nh chiu dy lp Btng bo v, v tr v ng knh thp. - TCXDVN 274-2006: Hn hp btng trn sn, cc yu cu c bn nh gi v nghim thu; - TCXDVN 376-2006: Hn hp Btng nng - phng php xc nh thi gian ngng kt. V cc tiu chun k thut khc hin hnh c lin quan.

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CHNG 3: BIN PHP T CHC MT BNG THI CNG

I. YU CU Do c im cng trnh l dng tuyn ko di, vic thi cng s b nh hng bi s di chuyn my mc, phng tin v nhn lc, v vy Nh thu s tht k tng mt bng hp l m bo cho qu trnh thi cng c thun li v y nhanh tin thi cng v m bo cht lng cng trnh. T chc tng mt bng thi cng c nh hng trc tip n nng sut lao ng , thi gian thi cng v gi thnh cng trnh. Nhng vn cn gii quyt khi thit k tng mt bng thi cng: + Tm v tr thch hp trn thc a b tr mt bng kho bi, ln tri cng nhn, ni tp kt my mc, vt t, bi c cu kin, dng vn chuyn khi thi cng mt cch hp l nht. + B tr, iu phi my mc phc v thi cng ph hp tng cng on, tnh cht cng vic, tn dng ti a my mc. + B tr kho, bi cha vt liu, c ly vn chuyn t kho bi ra cng trng hp l nht. + B tr ln tri, vn phng lm vic sao cho quan st c rng nht cng trng + Tnh ton h thng in, nc phc v cng trng

II. CNG TC CHUN B THI CNG 1. Tip nhn mt bng cng trnh Nh thu c cn b n Ch u t tip nhn mt bng thi cng cng trnh. Nhn bn giao ti ch v tr, cc cc tim tuyn , cc mc khi phc tim tuyn cng trnh, cc mc c kim tra i chiu vi h s thit k , xc lp cc mc nh v c bn phc v thi cng; nh du, bo qun bng b tng v sn, bo v cc mc . Nh thu s lin h vi chnh quyn a phng v cc n v c lin quan 13

xin php s dng cc phng tin cng cng ca a phng cng nh phi hp vi cng tc gi gn an ninh trt t trong khu vc thi cng. Chng ti b tr bo v 24/24h trn cng trng Cc cng trnh tm b tr ti mt bng thi cng nh: Nh bo v, ban ch huy cng trnh, phng y tc thu dn v sinh hng ngy m bo v sinh. Xng gia cng ct thp, vn khun, kho cha ximng, kho cha vt t thit b, b nc thi cng v c b tr ph hp vi thi im thi cng v iu kin mt bng. 2. Cp in thi cng Nh thu s lin h vi Ch u t c hng dn mua in v lp t ng h. rong trng hp ngun in khng cp c in n cng trng chng ti s dng my pht in m bo thi cng lin tc. Ti khu vc thi cng c b tr cc hp cu dao c np che chn bo v v h thng ng dy treo trn ct dn n cc i dug in, c tip t an ton theo ug tiu chun an ton v in theo hin hnh. 3. Cp nc thi cng Nh thu lin h Ch u t c hng dn th tc xin cp nc, m bo c nc sch tiu chun phc v thi cng v sinh hot ln tri, vn phng. Trong trng hp phi vn chuyn nc t ni khc n, Nh thu s b tr 1 xe chuyn dng vn chuyn nc. Nc s dng l loi nc ngt tho mn cc tiu chun 14TCN80-2001. 4. T chc nhn lc thi cng thc hin tt vic thi cng cng trnh t hiu qu cao, m bo ng thit k, m bo cht lng v k thut, vn con ngi trong thi cng l nhn t quyt nh. Cng ty chng ti thnh lp mt BCH cng trnh di s iu hnh trc tip cua Gim c cng ty. BCH cng trnh gm: K s trng (Ch huy trng cng trng) Tt nghip i hc chuyn ngnh thu li, c > 5 nm kimh nghim tng ch huy thi cng nhng cng trnh va v ln trn c nc, cc k s ph trch thi cng v cc k s tt nghip i hc chuyn ngnh thu li c kinh nghim thi cng c cng trnh tng ng, cn b th kho, cn b y t, bo v thay ca nhau, ccn b iu phi vt t, cn b an ton lao ng, cn b KCS tng hp cng tc cht 14

lng. BCH cng trnh c nghim v phi hp iu hnh hot ng ca cc i thi cng trn cng trng. i ng cng nhn bao gm cc t, i sn xut chuyn v ngh n, mc, ct thp, b tng,c tay ngh bc 3/7 tr ln v l cc i cng nhn nng ct ca cng ty c huy ng ti a hon thnh nhim v mt cch tt nht. Cc phng ban ca cng ty: K hoch k thut, KCS, k ton ti chnh phi hp thng xuyn vi BCH cng trnh phi hp iu hnh tin , gim st khi lng, cht lng cng vic v an ton lao ng. 5. T chc my thi cng m bo yu cu thi cng nhan trong ma kh, m bo cht lng v hiu qu kinh t, chng ti s huy ng thit b my mc thi cng nhiu chng loi, c la chn c cng sut v tnh nng ph hp vi cng vic, m bo an ton v sinh mi trng. Tt c my mc huy ng n thi cng ti cng trnh u c h s kim nh ca c quan chc nng. 6. Vn chuyn v tp kt vt liu thi cng Khi thi cng cng trnh chng ti s lp biu cung ng vt t theo di v tp kt vt liu theo tin thi cng. Thi cng n u th cp vt t n , ph hp vi mt bng thi cng. Vn chuyn v cng trnh: Vt t, thit b c vn chuyn n cng trng bng ng b, dc theo tuyn cng trnh. Xe vn chuyn v cng trnh phi vo thi im thun li c ch u t ng m bo an ton trnh nh hng n giao thng vo cc hot ng trong khu vc. Nh thu s b tr h thng chiu sng ( nu tp kt vt liu vo ban m), c hng dn xe vo cng trng. Cc xe vn chuyn vt liu ri u phi che kn, khi xc, ch ph liu, t thi phi ti m chng bi.

15

CHNG 4 BIN PHP K THUT THI CNG TNG TH

Bin php thi cng c Nh thu p dng cho gi thu ny l: - Kt hp thi cng gia my thi cng, cng nhn k thut v lao ng th cng xy dng cng trnh. -Tn dng t o tiu chun p, gim c ly vn chuyn t t ni xa v p I. CNG TC CHUN B Trc khi trin khai thi cng, Nh thu chng ti s thc hin cc cng vic sau y: - Nhn bn giao v tr tim tuyn cng trnh, cao mc thi cng v cc hng mc cng trnh ngoi hin trng, i chiu vi h s thit k v c trch nhim bo v cc mc cao . - Nhn bn giao mt bng thi cng, ng thi cng, bi cha vt liu, v tr cng trnh ph tr. - T chc thc hin cc yu cu, iu kin v v sinh an ton v tiu thot nc, phng chng chy n, v sinh mi trng, bo v khu vc thi cng - Xy dng phng n m bo phng chng l lt, ma bo nh nhn lc, vt t, thit b, bin php t chc thc hin. Di y l mt s bin php thi cng c th cc hng mc ca cng trnh

II. CHUN B MT BNG XC NH TIM TUYN CNG TRNH Nh thu s nhn bn giao t gim st ca Ch u t nhng ti liu v o c cn thit lm cn c thi cng nh: to cc im khng ch cao , cc cc mc tim tuyn, cc cng trnh trong phm vi mt bng xy dng, cc bn a hnh, phm vi bi vt liu, phm vi bi thi chun b cng vic ny Nh thu c trang thit b v my mc trc a phc v cho cng vic, vic dn cao trn ton tuyn, s ly t cao chun nht xung quanh cng trnh do bn A bn giao, t cao s dn trn ton b tuyn. Mc s c c bng b tng v c ghi bng sn. Mc ghi cao s t ngoi phm vi thi cng trnh c s sai lch do va chm trong qu trnh thi cng. Nh thu chu trch nhim bo 16

qun cc mc to khng ch v cc mc ch gii trong qu trnh thi cng. Cn c vo n thit k v mc cao c bn giao, Nh thu s tin hnh ln ga cm tuyn, xy dng h mc cao phc v cho thi cng cng trnh theo ng thit k c duyt. B tr cc khu ph tr chun b cho cng tc thi cng.

III. CNG TC THI CNG T Trong gi thu bao gm cc cng tc t nh sau: o t: o bc hu c, o k, o t h mng tng p t: p ct cng trnh. Trong qu trnh thi cng, Nh thu lun tun th cc quy nh v cng tc t trong TCVN 4447 87 Cng tc t quy phm thi cng v nghim thu; QPTL 1-72 Quy phm k thut p bng phng php m nn; TCN 202004 p t- yu cu k thut thi cng bng phng php m nn Nh thu c phng tin my mc, thit b, vt t v nhn cng phc v cho thi cng. Thc hin theo yu cu ca ni dung h s mi thu v cc quy trnh quy phm hin hnh, ng thi chu trch nhim v khi lng v cht lng cng trnh. Cng tc thi cng , kin tra, nghim thu cht lng tun th theo TCVN 4447-87 cng vi cc quy trnh, quy phm hin hnh ca Nh nc a) Cng tc o t Cng tc o bao gm: o mi, bc b t hu c, Bc b t hu c: Cng vic bc hu c c thc hin kt hp gia mu i v nhncng th cng gm c: o, ch, cht ng hoc thi tt c cc vt liu hu c nh mng c v t mt tt c cc khu vc c cng trnh vnh cu v cc khu m vt liu hoc tt c cc khu vc khc nu trong bn v Trc khi bt u cng vic bc b lp t mt, Nh thu s xin kin ph duyt ca K s v ranh gii khu vc cng trnh. o t Trc khi o t, nh thu tin hnh tin hnh ln ga ranh gii o p ca 17

cng trnh. Nh thu nghin cu bn v thit k v ti liu a cht cng trnh, a cht thu vn ti v tr cng trnh, tin hnh o kim tra la chn thit b, bin php thi cng v t chc thi cng cho ph hp v m bo yu cu k thut. B tr thi cng n u gn n . t o c ug ni quy nh. Trng hp thi cng c gii t c o bng my xc dung tch gu t (0.4 0.8)m3. t o c vn chuyn ra khi mt bng n bi theo quy nh ca thit k. Trong qu trnh thi cng, nu pht hin c sai st trong n thit k th nh thu s bo cho Ch u bit x l kp thi Ti cc v tr qua ng giao thng hoc giao cc dng chy Nh thu s xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh trc khi thi cng mi. Nh thu s o h mng c chiu di ti thiu v xy dng cc b ngn, ng trnh cn thit trnh nh hng n giao thng v dng chy. Cc bin php bo v mi trng Trong qu trnh thi cng Nh thu khng bn t, nc mt, nc ngm trn sang vng ln cn. Lun c bin php bo v mi trng xung quanh, khng gy nhim, h hi v c Ban qun l d n ph duyt. Thi t d v t khng th s dng Cc loi t khng th s dng v t d so vi nhu cu xy ng cng trnh chnh phi c thi ra nhng v tr thch hp theo quy ca Ban qun l d n S dng li t o t bi tr Vt liu c d tr cn a vo p ngay khi m cho php m nn tt nht. Sau khi s dng ht t d tr, bi cha tm phi c lm sch theo yu cu ca Ban qun l d n. Bo v b mt h o Nn t sau khi o m bo ng cao trnh thit k, bng phng v m bo kh ro trc khi thi cng phn xy c. Khi o nn mng cng trnh Nh thu tr li mt lp bo v chng xm thc v ph hoi ca thin nhin, lp ny ch c bc i trc khi xy dng cng trnh, chiu dy lp bo v m bo theo quy nh ca thit k v gim st tu theo iu kin a cht v tnh cht ca cng trnh. Lin tc tin hnh kim tra trong qu trnh thi cng, trnh hin tng o su 18

qu cao trnh thit k Thng thng khi o phi cha li lp t dy 20cm lm lp bo v. Tng t pha di ch o lp t ny ngay trc khi th cng mng. Nhng trng hp khc c ch nh trn bn v. y v mi h o tip xc vi b mt b tng cng c bo v trnh nt n, phong ho bng cc tm plastic hoc bao ti cho n khi b tng Vic o lp t bo v n khi t tm bo v khc khng qu 2 gi. B mt hon thin khng c phi ra ngoi khng kh qu 20 v c bo dng m. B mt h o phi qu 20 ngy trc khi b tng lt u c x l theo ch o ca ban qun l d n. Nh vy lp bo v thi cng ngay sau khi o n cao yu cu v bt mi. Khng nn khng c bo v qu 1 gi. b) Cng tc p Khi qut: Phn ct p bao gm tt c cc phn p cho cng trnh p ct nh k, p b to mt ct thit k cho mi k bng cc vt liu ph hp ly t t o thng thng hoc ly t bi/m vt liu. Khi p c xy dng theo tuyn, dc v cc kch thc ca mt ct c ch ra trn cc bn v thit k thi cng, hoc theo ch dn ca Ban qun l d n. Khi p c thc hin sao cho nhng sai s no vt qu dung sai cho php v Nh thu phi chu chi ph ny. Ban qun l d n c th yu cu Nh thu sa cha bt k sai s no vt qu dung sai cho php v Nh thu phi chu chi ph ny. Cc vt liu khng thch hp u c Nh thu loi b v vn chuyn n ra bi thi c ch nh. Ngun vt liu p Vt liu ct dng p c mua t cc i l trong khu vc hoc khu vc ln cn. Vn chuyn ti cng trnh bng t. X l trc khi p i vi phn p trn nn c, trc khi p tin hnh bc lp phong ho, lp 19

t hu c trn mt, t thi c ng ni quy nh. nh sm b mt t c v m bo m t nhin cho n khi lp t u. - Nu nn l nn dc th nh git cp trc khi p - Nn ca cc kt cu thot nc v khi c dn sch s, gn gng ph hp vi cc kch thc v cao ghi trn cc bn v hoc theo ch o ca Ban qun l d n, c m nn nh quy nh v c nghim thu mi thchin cc cng vic tip theo. - Sau khi hon thnh cc cng vic trn s t chc nghim thi tip tc cc vic tip theo. Ri p c m nn Nguyn tc: Khng p khi nn cha c kim tra v nghim thu trc khi 1 lp th lp trc n phi c m cht v x l b mt tip gip theo quy nh - Lp ct p trong qu trnh thi cng c gi cng cao dc theo chiu di khi p, c bit ch dc v cch ri c th thot nc mt d dng. - Khi p m bo khng xut hin dng thu knh v cc b, cc lp vt liu khng c khc nhau ng k v cu trc v thnh phn ht so vi vt liu k bn trong cng khu vc. - Trong trng hp b mt khi p qu kh khng c lc dnh thch hp vi lp tip theo th c Nh thu x l xi ln lm m v m cht theo tiu chun k thut ca khi p trc khi thi cng lp tip theo. - Vt liu c thnh hng song song vi ng tim ca khi p, chiu dy p t mi lp khng qu 30cm sau khi m cht. - Vt liu qu kch thc, khng ng thnh phn ht, gy tr ngi cho vic m cht u c loi b v vn chuyn n v tr quy nh ca Ban qun l d n. m ca vt liu p m ca liu p trc v trong qu trnh m cht u tun th theo quy nh ca tiu chun c p dng Vt liu p c m nm trong khong 15mm. - Vic lin kt cc khung ct thp khi lp dng c thc hin nh sau: + S lng mi ni buc (hay hn nh) khng ln hn 50% trn mt mt ct v 25

c buc theo th t xen k. + Trong trng hp cc gc ai thp vi thp chu lc phi buc (hay hn nh) 100%. - V tr, khong cch, dy lp bo v v kch thc ca cc b phn ct thp phi thc hin theo s vch sn ph hp vi quy nh ca bn v thit k. 5. Kim tra v nghim thu - Chng loi, ng knh ct thp nh thit k - trc khi gia cng th mu theo TCVN 197-85; TCVN 198-85; QPTL-D6:1978 - B mt thanh thp kim tra bng thc thp, yu cu sch s, khng b gim tit din cc b - Gia cng ct v un theo qui trnh gia cng ngui - Sai lch kch thc khng vt qu cc tr s nu trong mc ny - Ni buc ct thp c di on ng ni chng >= 30D - Lp dng ct thp c sai lch v v tr ct thp khng qu tr s nu mc ny. - Thp ch v chi tit t sn v ng v tr. - Con k o bng thc, m bo cc tr s nu trong mc ny - Chiu dy lp b tng bo v o bng thc m bo nh nu mc ny. - Cng t nghim thu ct thp c thc hin xong trc khi b tng V. CNG C THI CNG LP DNG VN KHUN - B tng c sn dng vn khun thp theo bn v gia cng khun thp. - B tng ti ch dng vn khun nh hnh v g, vn khun thnh bn ch c d theo ch dn ca thit k v theo quy phm QPTL D6-78 c th m bo theo yu cu sau: + cng, chc bn, khng b bin dng v khng bm dnh vo b tng + ng hnh dng v kch thc thit k + D tho lp v khng h hi cho b tng + m bo kn kht, phng - Trc khi s dng ghp tip vn khun c lm v sinh sch s nht l b mt v cnh ca vn khun, vn khun sau khi c lp dng, kim tra v nghim 26

thu yu cu sau: + chnh xc ca vn khun so vi thit k + chnh xc ca cc b phn t vn khun + chnh xc ca nn, gio chng vn khun v thn vn khun. + cng v kh nng chng bin dng ca ton b h thng + kn kht gia cc tm vn khun. - Tho d vn khun: Vn khun ng cho cc cng trnh c tho d khng sm hn sau khi b tng c vo. Vn khun di v cc ct chng tm cho dm v cc bn dm ngang phi ng v tr ti thiu 10 ngy hoc cho ti khi b tng t c cng chu nn t nht l 85% cng quy nh Vn khun ca b tng tm gia c c th tho d ri sau 24gi k t khi b tng. VI. CNG TC THI CNG B TNG Vt liu thi cng Nh thu m bo s dng vt t m bo cc ch tiu c l theo yu cu v tiu chun quy nh: - Ximng: s dng ximng Poclng PCB30 trung ng m bo tiu chun k thut Vit Nam TCVN 6067-1995. - Ct s dng loi ct vng khai thc ti khu vc quy nh ca thit k c cc ch tiu c l theo yu cu. - cc loi s dng ly ti cc m trong khu vc quy nh ca thit k m bo tiu chun theo quy nh - Nc thi cng, s dng nc sch, c hm lng mui nh hn gii hn cho php. Thnh phn cp phi b tng B tng mac 100 chng ti dng phng php thc nghim xc nh t l cp phi. Nh thu s c thit k v th nghim thnh phn cp phi hn hp b tng vi 27

nhng iu kin b tng tng t thc t m bo sau khi bo dng ng quy nh, khi b tng cng trnh c tui th, tnh khng thm nc v cng t nhng yu cu thit k. Nh thu s gi kt qu th nghim thnh phn cp phi hn hp va b tng ca mu va thit k cho Ban qun l d n trc khi b tng t nht 30ngy. Thng bo v d nh b tng VII. THI CNG CC B TNG Cc BT c ng ti mng tng k v ti bn tu. Thit b v lc lng thi cng Nh thu s dng 02 ba ng mt loi 1,2T v 1,8T v 16 cng nhn bc 3,5/7 n 4,0/7. My 1,2T dng ng cc ti chn tng k. Ba ng cc 1,8T dng ng cc di nc. Cc bc thi cng cc b tng tin hnh nh sau: Sau khi c kt qu th nghim v c bin bn thng nht mt , chiu di v tit din cc, nh thu tin hnh c cc khi cng t yu cu tin hnh ng cc i tr, bin php thi cng ng cc i tr: + Dng my kinh v, thu bnh xc nh v tr cao trnh mt t tin hnh nh v, v tr cc tim cc, dng thp F6 di 30cm ng nh v, v tr cc cc (ng su hn mt bng t 5 7cm) khi mt du v tr khi my di chuyn. + Cu tch cc v chuyn cc t bi c xung mt bng sao cho khng nh hng n hng di chuyn ca my v ly cc thun tin nht . + Khi a gi my vo v tr v cu a cc vo gi, mi cc phi ng v tr cc thp nh v, ri chnh 2 pha iu chnh cc thng ng. ng cc di nc: + Theo thit k h s mi thu th cc di nc c gi bng b gi kp c cc. B gi c ng bng ba 1.8T ng trn tu. + B gi c lm bng thp hnh ch I. + Dng ba v x beng tho kp c cc v hnng v tr mi ng tip c khc. 28

+ V tr ng cc c xc nh bng my kinh v. Cc c vn chuyn theo tu ch my ng cc bng tu ch cc v trn tu c mt cu 10T cu cc vo v tr ng cc. VIII. TRI VI A K THUT 1. Yu cu - Vai ia ky thut mi co ngun gc xut x ro rang cua Nha san xut, ung chung loai quy inh cung nh cac chi tiu thit k. - Kim tra tht ky bng phng mai ke vai ia ky thut tip xuc tt vi mai ke. - Don sach nhng vt cng, nhon, sc khng lam h hong vai. - Vai ia ky thut c trai vung goc vi mai ke. - Kim tra cac mi ni vai trc khi qun vai vao th ln. -Thi cng vai ia t ha lu ln thng lu, t trn xung chn ke va ra ngoai chn mai bao v theo tng mt ct thit k. 2. Trinh t thi cng: - Kim tra h thng phao inh vi trc khi thi cng - Vai c cun thanh cun co ng loi lng vao truc ln va banh xe. Vai sau khi trai ra khoi ng, vai c dn xung ay sng theo ht chiu rng vai nh truc ui quay c gn theo sau khung e xung mep vai - Vic trai vai bt u t c ke n ht chn mai theo vi tri tng mt ct. u vai c gi bi cac ghim st nhon F6 hinh L dai 60cm ong xung ay sng. Cac ghim thep c ong theo mep vai, c 100cm thi ong ghim. Th ln kim tra mp vai va ong ghim mep ngang vai cho n ht phn chiu dai thi cng - Sau khi thi cng ht mt lan, dich chuyn thit bi ln thung lu mt oan sao cho mep vai chng ln mep vai kia mt oan 80cm va bt u tin hanh cng vic theo cac bc nu trn cho n khi phu toan b b rng mai ke. - Tin hanh kim tra bng th ln sau khi thi cng trai vai xong. IX. THI CNG LP BO V - Thi cng lp bao v tin hanh ngay sau khi tra vai han ch s lao hoa vai do tip xuc trc tip vi tia cc tim cua anh sang mt tri 29

- Vai loc trai dn tng ng vi kha nng thi cng lp bao v trong thi gian cho phep 2-3 ngay. - Thi cng lp bao v t di chn ke ln inh, lp bao v t nhe nhang phu kin trn vai, han ch khe h anh sang tip xuc trc tip vi vai loc - Khng cho phep cac phng tin c gii i trn vai loc trong qua trinh thi cng lam dich chuyn va rach thung vai. X. THI CNG TRI THM DI NC 1. Yu cu vt liu - Tham a co ngun gc xut x ro rang cua nha san xut, phai dung ung chung loai quy inh cung nh cac chi tiu thit k; - Sau khi trai vai loc, mi bt u tin hanh thi cng trai tham a; - Tham a em n hin trng m ra ri gp lai theo kich thc a chon; - Lin kt gia cac mt bn tham a bng dy buc; - Khng c tha tham a vn tc dong chay ln hn 1.5m/s; - Kich thc a ln hn 1.5 2 ln kich thc mc li ( a hc 10 20cm ); - a hc co ng kinh 10 20cm phai c sp xp cht trong tham, tham a phai c neo buc chc chn trc khi ha xung sng; 2. Trinh t thi cng: + Ch mc nc triu xung thp tin hanh trai tham a; + Khng c tha tham a khi vn tc dong chay V > 1.5m/s; + Tham a c tp kt trn cp phao chuyn dung; + Tham a t xui theo mai ke, vung goc vi mt tip xuc, hng t vung goc vi chiu dong chay; + Thi cng theo trinh t t ngoai vao trong b, ha lu ln thng lu, t di ln trn; + inh vi h thng thi cng bng h thng phao inh vi trn sng; + Cng dy cap gi cho ti dich chuyn thit bi theo lan thi cng; + Tham a bc c va tham a mai nghing lin kt bng dy buc; + Lun kim tra, kim tra kin khit cua cac tham lin kt nhau, am bao cac tham lun lin nhau khng co ke h gia cac tham. 30

XI.THI CNG LT CU KIN - Cu kin b tng c sn phi hon chnh v t cng trc lc lp t vo knh. Cc cu kin c nghim thu v cng , kch thc v hnh khi, chng loi. - Dng phng tin th s v th cng ri u cc cu kin c sn trn b knh theo khi lng thit k chng 10m mt cm. - Khi lp t, vn chuyn cu kin c sn bng thanh trt t p mi knh, kt hp vi cc bc thang tm, vn chuyn nh, khng lm st cnh cu kin v nh hng n vi a k thut. + K thut lt cu kin: Trc khi lt, k s gim st kim tra cht ch k lng cu kin xem c t tiu chun mi c a vo lt, cc cu kin khng t tiu chun phi loi b. - Ln ga, cm tuyn, ly mc li ton b cng trnh kim tra trong qu trnh thi cng t. Sau khi kim tra xong tin hnh cng vic tip theo. - Tin hnh lt cu kin: T chn ln n nh k - Cc cu kin to thnh mt phng u, chc khng li, lm, g gh mt mi < 5mm, chiu rng khe h hai tm k nhau < 5mm, m bo cc gc cnh thng u. + Cng vic lm cc nt gc v khe cc cu kin Cc gc tm sau khi t yu cu cn phi lm kn sao cho y ht k c cc gc tm gip chn khay (chn mi) v gip kho mi (nh k). - Va b tng m bo yu cu k thut ca cng tc b tng m nu phn trn. - Cng tc chn va cc nt gc tm ch c tin hnh khi cc nt c v sinh sch s v trc khi tho nc 3 n 4 ngy. - t vng khuyn thp 6 m 4 u mc v b cong li. - Sau khi c k s gim st nghim thu mi c b tng vo gc.

31

CHNG 5: BIN PHP M BO V NNG CAO CHT LNG CNG TRNH

I. NHNG YU CU V CHT LNG Cht lng cng trnh c qun l theo ng tinh thn Ngh nh 209/2004/N-CP v qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng v Ngh nh 16/2005/N-CP v qun l d n u t xy dng cng trnh ca Chnh Ph cng vi TCVN 5637-91 v TCVN 5951-95. Ni dung qun l cht lng xy lp cng trnh gm: - Nghin cu thit k pht hin nhng sai st hoc bt hp l, pht hin nhng vn quan trng cn m bo cht lng. - Lm tt khu chun b thi cng, lp bin php thi cng i vi nhng cng trnh quan trng v phc tp v k thut. Lp cc bin php m bo nng cao cht lng cng tc xy lp (B tng, va... trn bng my, c cn ong o m) - Tm ngun cung cp vt liu xy dng, bn thnh phm, cu kin m bo tiu chun cht lng. T chc kim tra th nghim vt liu xy dng theo quy nh ti c s th nghim kim nh cht lng thi cng. Khng a vt liu khng m bo cht lng vo cng trnh. - La chn cn b i trng, k thut, cng nhn trnh v kinh nghim i vi cng vic c giao. T chc y b phn gim st, kim tra k thut. - T chc kim tra nghim thu cng tc xy lp theo ng quy nh ca tiu chun, quy phm thi cng, c bit nhng b phn khut v quan trng. Sa cha nhng sai st sai phm k thut mt cch nghim tc. - Phi hp v to iu kin cho s gim k thut ca i din thit k v bn giao thu. - Thc hin y cc vn bn v qun l cht lng trong qu trnh thi cng: S nht k cng trnh, bin bn th nghim vt liu xy dng, cu kin, bn thnh phm xy dng, bin bn kim tra, nghim thu, hon cng v cc vn bn c lin quan khc. - Tham gia hi ng nghim thu c s

32

- T chc iu hnh c hiu lc i vi cc lc lng thi cng trn hin trng. Thng nht qun l cht lng i vi cc b phn trc thuc. Bo co kp thi nhng sai phm k thut, nhng s c nh hng n cht lng cng trnh - Tt c cc vt liu thit b s dng cho cng trnh u phi t yu cu k thut v Nh thu s cung cp y cc chng ch, xut x ngun gc vt liu em vo s dng cho cng trnh - Tt c cc loi vt t thit b khng ph hp vi yu cu k thut ca thit k v h s mi thu th Nh thu s cho vn chuyn nhng vt t thit b ra khi cng trng v thay th bng nhng vt t thit b khc ph hp vi yu cu k thut. II. M HNH QUN L CHT LNG Cht lng l mt trong nhng yu t quyt nh s thnh bi v s sng cn ca cng ty. Chnh v cy chng ti c bit quan tm n vn ny. Cht lng XD c hnh thnh trong mi giai on. Trc khi thi cng (Lp k hoch, tin , thit k bin php, gia cng ch to, vt liu, chi tit xy dng v vn chuyn ti hin trng) giai on Xy dng (qu trnh thi cng xy lp) v sau Xy dng (bn giao nghim thu v a vo s dng) Qun l cht lng l qu trnh thit lp, bo qun v duy tr mc c thit trong gia cng, lp dng, thi cng v a vo s dng. Qu trnh ny chng ti thc hin bng cch kim tra, thanh tra, gim st thi cng theo ng bn v, thc hin ng cc quy trnh, tiu chun, thng s v cc tc ng c nh hng ti cht lng, tin hnh nghim thu u vo, tng thnh phn cng on cho tng cng vic c th. H thng qun l ti liu v cc thng s k thut thit k, cc ch tiu k thut c s dng a vo cng trnh, kim tra nh k cng tc k thut xy lp, thanh tra k thut, an ton lao ng. Qu trnh kim tra, gim st c s tham gia ca ngi cng nhn lao ng, k thut hin trng, ch nhim cng trnh, cn b gim st cht lng nhm ngn nga v loi tr h hng, ph phm v s c i vi cng trnh trong mi chi tit, mi cng on. Tt c cc vt liu c ly mu v a n 1 trung tm th nghim trung gian theo s ch nh ca bn A (c giy php ca Nh nc) th nghim v cp chng ch Kim tra gim st cht lng vt liu, cng tc xy lp c thc hin c trn hin trng v trong phng th nghim ca chng ti bng cc dng c v 33

thit b th nghim tin tin ng gi cht lng vt liu v cng trnh. Chng ti a vo cng trnh nhn k s gii c kinh nghim thi cng v gim st. i ng cng nhn lnh ngh thi cng nhiu cng trnh, nhiu cng vic t cht lng cao.

34

CHNG 6: TIN V T CHC HIN TRNG THI CNG

I. TIN THI CNG Thi gian thi cng ton b cng trnh l 360 ngy, khi cng t 1/1/2009 hon thnh vo 1/1/2010. Tin thi cng c Nh thu lp da trn cn c: + Yu cu ca Ch u t i vi thi gian qui nh trong h s mi thu + Khi lng cc hng mc cng vic + Nng lc thi cng ca Nh thu + Thc t mt bng cng trnh, kh nng cung cp vt t, nguyn vt liu + B tr nhn lc trn cng trng hp l vi s dng ti a my mc, thit b tng nng sut lao ng. Da theo tin lp c duyt chnh thc chng ti s lp li tin chi tit cho tng giai on, trong mi giai on li lp tin cho tng thng, tun, trn c s b tr nhn lc, vt t my mc m bo ng tin theo quy nh. Nh thu chng ti s tn dng ti a vic c gii ho, p dng tin khoa hc k thut vo thc t sn xut nhm y nhanh tin thi cng cng trnh nhm t mc tiu ra l hon thnh cng trnh t tiu chun k thut, m thut, cht lng cao, gi thnh h. Trong cc cng vic c thi cng xen k gip cho vic y nhanh tin thi, vic b tr hp l dy truyn sn xut s gim thi gian ch i thi cng Tt c c chi tit trong tin thi cng tng th. Trong trng hp Nh thu trng thu s lp tin chi tit gi Ch u t trc khi thi cng.

II. T CHC HIN TRNG Lc lng b tng b tr y dy truyn thi cng lin tc n ht khi , trnh hn ch mch ngng b tng lm nh hng kt cu cng trnh. Lc lng xe my v thit b di s iu dng ch huy trng cng trng, phc v theo tin thi cng 35

Trong qu trnh thi cng, Cng ty s ng dng hnh thc thng pht khuyn khch li ch vt cht tit kim chi ph nhn cng, tng nng sut lao ng. Ngoi ra c th thu ngn hn b sung nhn lc, thit b vo lc cng vic gp rt nhm rt ngn thi gian thi cng Tt c nhn lc ti hin trng u c ng k tm tr vi a phng ring ban ch huy cng trng c thng bo ch u t tin vic lin lc gi quyt cng vic Ton b b my t chc cng nh cc cng nhn trc tip tham gia thi cng trn cng trng chng ti s dng c tay ngh cao, vi nhiu nm kinh nghim tng tham gia thi cng hon thnh cc cng trnh c yu cu v mt k thut v t chc. 1. S t chc hin trngBAN CH HUY CNG TRNG

HNH CHNH

GIM SAT K THUT

QUN L K THUT

LNH VC KHC

I THI CNG

I THI CNG

I THI CNG

I THI CNG

I THI CNG

I THI CNG

I THI CNG

2. Thuyt minh s t chc hin trng a) Ban ch huy cng trng Cc thnh vin ban iu hnh: l ch huy trng cng trng, cc ph ch huy cng trng, ban iu hnh sn xut c chc nng v quyn hn sau: C trch nhim ch o iu hnh ton b cng trnh v mi mt i vi ch u t k s t vn ; trc tip i ngoi vi ch u t v cc c quan lin quan n hot ng ca cng trnh Thay mt Nh thu c ton quyn quyt nh v chu trch nhim v quyt 36

nh ca mnh, c quyn iu ng xe my, my mc thit b vt t, nhn lc phc v cho cng trnh b) Cc b phn qun l ca Ban ch huy cng trng Hnh chnh: Bao gm K ton cng trng, bi v hin trng, y t, i sng, ch chinh sch bo him, ti chnh, tin lng Gim st hin trng: Gm cc k s v cn b k thut trc tip gim st hin trng, thi cng cng vi ngi lao ng l cng nhn k thut v lao ng ph thng thng xuyn. Gim st v cht lng, k thut thc hin ng yu cu ca qun l k thut trong thi cng. Qun l k thut B phn ny chu s ch o trc tip ca ngi qun l chung cng trng, chu trch nhim v k thut, cht lng tin thi cng cng trnh. c giao nhim v c th cho tng ngi trong nhm (t k thut phc trch; th nghim hin trng, thng xuyn bm st hin trng ly mu th nghim v bo co kt qu vi ngi qun l k thut Lnh vc khc Qun l, sa cha xe my, thit b thi cng, iu hnh xe my, qun l vt t, qun l an ton lao nh, v sinh mi trng, phng chng chy n, an ninh c) Cc i thi cng Di cc b phn nghip v trn cng trng l cc i sn xut. Cc t i sn xut c b tr theo ngnh ngh chuyn mn v theo k hoch sn xut ca cng trng m bo hon thnh cng vic theo ng tin , m bo cht lng cng trnh. Cc i sn xut bao gm cc cng nhn chuyn ngnh c tay ngh cao m nhn trc tip vic sn xut, thi cng cc hng mc cng trnh di s ch o ca cc b phn nghip v trn cng trng, cn b k thut A, ch huy cng trng v chu trch nhim v cc cng vic do mnh m nhim.

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CHNG 7: V SINH MI TRNG, AN TON LAO NG, PHNG CHNG HO HON, BO LT

I. BIN PHP AN TON LAO NG An ton lao ng l mt vn trng yu trong xy dng cng trnh. m bo an ton lao ng Nh thu chng ti s tng hp nhiu bin php: 1/ V t chc Cng trng c mt Ban an ton lao ng (ATL) gm: Ban ch huy cng trng, nhn vin y t, nhn vin k thut, nhn vin lao ng, tin lng v i din ca ngi lao ng. Nhim v ca ATL: - Ph bin cc ni quy, quy phm, chnh sch ca Nh nc, quy ch bo h ATL Cng ty. - Lp ni quy v ATL trn cng trng - Kim tra cc phng n t chc thi cng phi xt n yu t m bo an ton lao ng - Dng bin bo nhng ni cn phng ti nn 2. Bin php bo h v an ton lao ng - Xy dng l tri ng tiu chun quy nh, n v sinh, c k hoch phng chng bnh tt tng ma. - Trong cng tc thit k thi cng cc b phn, hng mc cng vic c xt n yu t m bo an ton lao ng - Thng xuyn ph bin, nhc nh quy trnh quy phm k thut an ton lao ng cho CBCNV. c bit thi im mi thnh lp cng trng v thi cng cc hng mc d xy ra tai nn lao ng. - C k hoch mua sm v trang b y dng c bo h lao ng cho ngi lao ng. C h thng thng tin lin lc kp thi. - Trong cng tc o t: Phm vi o t c o cc rnh tch nc mt trnh nc lm st l mi, m bo n nh cho mi k, t o th phi ng 38

ni quy nh, khng c o hm ch. Trong qu trnh thi cng cn b k thut lun quan st phng hin tng st l. 3. Cng tc y t - To mi quan h tt vi y t a phng phi hp x l cc v vic xy ra. - Ti tr s ban ch huy cng trng lun c t thuc v cc thit b y t phng bnh cho cn b v cng nhn vin cng trng 4. Nhng bin php c th a) Cng tc vn khun, ct thp v b tng - i vi t hp cc kt cu b tng c ch to v lp dng theo ng yu cu trong thit k thi cng c duyt. - Vn khun ghp sn thnh khi hoc tm ln m bo vng chc - Dng lp vn khun cho kt cu c sn cng tc v lan can bo v - Khng c vn khun nhng thit b, vt liu dng - phi eo trc tip trn ngi - Trc khi b tng cn b k thut thi cng kim tra k li, nu c h hng phi sa cha ngay. Khu vc sa cha phi c ro ngn v bin bo. b) Cng tc gia cng v lp dng ct thp - Chun b phi v gia cng ct thp phi c tin hnh khu vc ring, xung quanh c ro chn v bin bo. - Ct, un, ko ct thp dng my hoc cc thit b chuyn dng. S dng cc loi my gia cng ct thp phi tun th theo quy nh. Phi c bin php ngn nga thp vng khi ct un thp c on di hn hoc bng 0.3m. - Bn gia cng ct thp c c nh chc chn, nht l khi gia cng cc loi thp c ng knh ln hn 20mm. Nu bn gia cng ct thp c cng nhn lm vic hai u th gia phi c li thp bo v cao t nht l 1m. Ct thp lm xong t ng ch quy nh. - Khi nn thng thp trn cun bng my phi: + Che chn bo him trc cun trc khi m my + Hm ng c khi a u ni thp vo trc cun 39

+ Ro ngn hai bn si thp chy dc t trc cun n tang ca my. - Trc cun cc cun thp pho t cch tang ca my t 1,5 2m v t cch nn khng ln hn 50cm. Xung quanh c ro chn. Gia trc cun tang ca my phi c b phn hn ch s chuyn dch ca dy thp ang tho. Ch c mc u si thp vo my khi my ngng hot ng. - Nn thng ct thp bng ti in hoc ti quay tay, phi c bin php phng si thp tut hoc t vng vo ngi. u cp ca ti ko ni vi ni thp cn nn thng bng thit b chuyn dng. Khng ni bng phng php buc. Dy cp v si thp khi ko phi nm trong rnh che chn. - Ch c tho hoc lp u ct thp vo dy cp ca ti ko khi ti ko ngng hot ng. - Cm dng my truyn ng ct cc on thp ngn hn 80cm nu khng c cc thit b bo m an ton lao ng - Ch c dch chuyn v tr ct thp un trn bn my khi a quay ngng hot ng. - Khi gia cng ct thp v lm sch r trang b y phng tin bo v c nhn cho cng nhn. - Lp dng ct thp cho cc khung c lp, dm, x, ct, tng v cc kt cu tng t khc phi s dng sn thao tc rng hn hoc bng 1m - Li qua li trn cc khung ct thp trong xng hoc ti ch, v ban m cn pho c chiu sng y v m bo cng chiu sng. Buc ct thp phi dng cc dng c chuyn dng: Cm buc bng tay. - Khng c cht ct thp ln sn cng tc hoc trn vn khun vt qu ti trng cho php trong thit k. c) Cng tc v m b tng - Trc khi b tng cn b k thut thi cng phi kim tra vic lp t vn khun, ct thp, gin gio, sn cng tc, ng vn chuyn. Ch c tin hnh b tng sau khi c vn bn xc nhn. - Thi cng b tng nhng b phn kt cu c nghing t 30 o tr ln phi c dy neo buc chc chn cc thit b. Cng nhn phi eo dy an ton. 40

- Thi cng b tng h su hoc cc v tr cht hp, cng nhn phi ng trn cc sn thao tc v phi m bo thng gi v cng chiu sng. - Dng m rung m va b tng cn: + Ni t v m rung + Ngng m rung t 5 7 pht , sau mi ln lm vic lin tc t 30 35pht + Cng nhn vn hnh my phi c trang b ng cao su cch in v cc phng tin bo v c nhn khc d) Cng tc tho d vn khun. - Ch c tho d vn khun sau khi b tng t n cng quy nh theo s hng dn ca cn b k thut thi cng. - Khi tho vn khun phi tho theo trnh t hp l, phi c bin php phng vn khun ri hoc kt cu cng trn b sp bt ng. Ni tho vn khun phi c ro ngn v bin bo. - Trc khi tho vn khun phi thu dn ht vt liu tha v cc thit b t trn cc b phn cng trnh sp tho vn khun. - Khi tho vn khun, phi thng xuyn quan st tnh trng cc b phn kt cu, nu c hin tng bin dng phi ngng tho v bo cho cn b k thut. - Sau khi tho d vn khun phi che chn cc l hng ca cng trnh. Khng c vnkhun tho ln sn cng tc hoc nm vn khun t trn cao xung. Vn khun sau khi tho phi c nh inh v xp vo ni quy nh. e) Cng tc s dng xe my xy dng - Tt c cc xe my xy dng u phi c h s k thut trong phi c cc thng s k thut c bn, hng dn v lp t, vn chuyn,bo qun, s dng v sa cha, c s giao ca, s theo di tnh trng k thut ca my. - Cc xe my xy dng c dn in ng c: Bc cch in hoc bao he kn cc phn mang in trn 41

- Ni t bo v phn kim loi khng mang in ca xe my. - Xe my ph m bo khi ch lm vic khng bnh thng phi c tn hiu, cn trong cc trng hp cn thit phi c thit b ngng, t ng tt xe my loi tr yu t nguy him. f) Bin php an ton s dng in + Nhng iu hng dn s dng in thi cng cho nh sng v thit b + Nhng iu nghim cm km theo qui ch pht vi phm + C cn b chuyn mn v in qun l, theo di thc hin, tu dng sa cha thng xuyn v kp thi Tuyn in thi cng phi c lp v duyt bin php trc ch huy cng trng v phng nghip v chuyn mn trc khi c php ko tuyn Vic lp t thit b v ng dy in thi cng phi theo ng TCVN 4756-89 v TCVN 5556-91. g) An ton trong cng tc lp dng - Cng nhn lp dng phi c trang b qun o, m cng, dy an ton. - Tt c cc khu vc thi cng u c bin bo an ton ng ni quy nh - Cm ung bia ru s dng cht kch thch trc v trong gii lm vic - Cm ng di cu kin trong khi cu lp trng thi treo, cm ng trong phm vi hot ng ca my v thit b ang cu - Thc hin nghim chnh cc qui phm v cng tc lp ghp h) An ton trong cng tc t - m bo an ton cho h mng khng b st l tin hnh o h mng n u dt im n , to mi taluy thch hp vi loi t h mng. - lm kh h mng trong qu trnh thi cng b tr cc h ga thu nc t cc rnh y h mng v lun c my bm nc d phng - Khng vt t thit b gn mp h mng - B tr dy truyn my thi cng nhp nhng 42

- Cc ng vn chuyn c gia c v c tu b thng xuyn. - C b phn chuyn trch v an ton hng dn iu hnh my mc thit b. i) An ton trong cng tc hn - My hn cn c v kn c ni vi ngun in - Dy ti in n my dng loi cao su mm, khi ni dy th ni bng phng php hn ri bc cch in ch ni. on dy ti in t ngun n my di khng qu 15m - Chui kim hn c lm bng vt liu cch in, cch in nhit tt - Ch c th in mi c ni in t li in vo my hn hoc tho lp sa cha my hn - C tm che chn bng vt liu khng dn in, khng chy d ngn x hn v kim loi bn ra xung quang ni hfn - Th hn c trang b knh hn, giy cch in v cc phng tin c nhn khc

II. BO V MI TRNG - Khu vc ln tri phi tun th nhng iu kin v sinh v sinh hot ca a phng. - C y cng trnh ph, khu v sinh theo tiu chun - Lp cc quy nh v ch d v sinh cng nghip i vi cc trang thit b. Thu gom rc thi a v ni x l an ton. Nghim cm vic vt b cc rc thi ti ni thi cng. Ton b rc thi s c thu gom ng ni quy nh v t thi c ti bi thi m chnh quyn a phng cho php. - Quan h cht ch vi chnh quyn v nhn dn a phng lm tt cc cng tc an ton v bo v mi trng sinh thi cnh quan trong khu vc thi cng.

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- Xe my phi c b phn gim ting n v khi, xe ch t c che chn bng bt, khng c lm ri vi vt liu. Khi i qua khu dn c s tin hnh phun nc chng bi m bo v sinh mi trng. - Xong cng trnh phi thu dn, tho d cng trnh tm tr li mt bng.

III. CNG TC PHNG CHNG CHY N - Cc thng cha nhin liu c ni c ngi v nht thit c bnh cu ho - Np xng du vo my cng tc c chun b vo ban ngy, trng hp lm ban m s dng n pin chiu sng khi , tuyt i khng dng vt cng hoc st m g np. - Xung quanh xng ln tri c b tr d tr cc thng phi cha nc phng khi ho hon xy ra. - Vic un nu phi c b tr hp l, tuyt i khng c un nu c nhn.

IV. CNG TC PHNG CHNG LT BO, THIN TAI. 1. V t chc Nh thu chng ti thnh lp Ban phng chng lt bo, thin tai do Gim c cng ty lm trng ban. Ti cng trng c trng ban phng chng bo lt v thin tai phng chng kp thi v phi hp vi cc n v bn trong khu v 2. Bin php 1. Nh ca, kho hng, ln tri, b tr hp l 2. Cc hng mc cng trnh ngp nc c thi cng khn trng 3. Thi cng cc hng mc cng trnh o cc mng tch nc mt. 4. Ma ma bo, nh ca kho hng c sa cha v chng no chc chn. 5. Thng xuyn hc tp ph bin v kim tra cc phng n, dng c phng chng bo lt thin tai. 44

6. Thng xuyn theo di thi tit qua cc thng tin i chng c bin php phng nga v i ph kp thi 7. Nh thu cng s chun b sn sng vt liu chng l cho cng trnh nh d tr ct, bao ti ct chng l 8. Bo v kt cu khi nh hng ma bo: dng bt nilon che trm nhng hng mc ang thi cng d dang. 9. Khi c ma bo bt ng mi cng vic phi ngng hot ng, nhang chng che chn cho kt cu v thu gom cc vt liu, xe my v nhn l vo ni tr n an ton.

V. K HOCH V BIN PHP BO HNH THI CNG CNG TRNH. 1. Thi gian bo hnh cng trnh Nh thu nhn bo hnh cng trnh theo quy nh ca h s mi thu. 2. Kinh ph bo hnh Theo quy ch bo hnh xy lp cng trnh theo quy nh ca Nh nc hin hnh 3. Bin php bo hnh Trong thi gian bo hnh Nh thu thc hin nghim tc mi yu cu ca Ch u t v vic sa cha nhng h hng do thu cng gy ra, Nh thu c mt t chuyn vin cng lc lng thi cng kh nng khc phc kp thi nhng h hng nu c. Ht thi gian bo hnh, trong vng 15 ngy Nh thu trnh h s bo hnh gm cc vn bn, ti liu quy nh ti iu 29, 30 ca Ngh nh 209/2004/N-CP ngy 16/12/2004 ca Chnh ph v qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng cho ch nhim iu hnh d n xem xt v trnh Ch u t ph chun chng nhn ht thi hn bo hnh. ng thi tun th ng quy ch bo hnh xy dng theo php lut Nh nc hin hnh.

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CHNG 8: KT LUN Trn y l mt s nt ch yu v bin php k thut thi cng ca Nh thu i vi gi thu s 5: XL5 K on t cu Hng ng n ht khu ti nh c, di 800m Vi kinh nghim nhiu nm trong lnh vc thi cng cc cng trnh thu li, chc chn chng ti s thi cng cng trnh t cht lng cao nht, ng tin thi cng ra v ng tiu chun Nh nc v php lut hin hnh. Knh ngh Ch u t trong trng hp Nh thu trng gi thu ny c thi cng thun li Chng ti xin trn trng cm n! I DIN NH THU

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