k-1 soil and water conservation

8/18/2019 K-1 Soil and Water Conservation

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Soil and Water ConservationSoil and Water Conservation

(SWC)(SWC)

Dr. Suria Darma Tarigan MSc.Dr. Suria Darma Tarigan MSc.

(Coordinator)(Coordinator)

20201144

11


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Outline

1. Definition of SWC

2. Issues related to SWC

3. Land Degradation

4. Land Rehabilitation


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1 Definition of SWC

• Soil and Water Conservation:

• SWC: utilization of soil based onits capability to prevent land

degradation.• The above definition includes important aspects:

•Based on its capability (how tonow it!"

• #revention of land degradation


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4

$s land utilization here based on its capability!

$s there land de radation here!


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Outline



3. Land Degradation



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Soil Erosion and sedimentation

Land degradationlooding! Droug"t and Land slide


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2.1 Soil Erosion

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Soil erosionSoil erosion::

Soil erosion is a process of soilloss by water or wind flow.

Soil erosion is the main cause ofland de radation.


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2.2 Coastal Sedientation

!

Coastal sedimentation innorthern %ava $sland showedan intensive soil erosion fromsouthern area.


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"

2.3. Reser#oir Sedientation

&eservoir sedimentation in mostreservoirs in %ava showed an intensive

soil erosion from upper area.


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2.4. Degraded Land

Degraded land is mainly caused by

soil erosion


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How Soil Erosion can induce degradedland:

1) Top soil disappearance

2) Decreasing ability of soil to absorb

water

Physical characteristics ofPhysical characteristics of atosol !itaya"atosol !itaya" afterafter #2$%##2$%#

"""" erosion inerosion in 1&1& "onth s"onth s

'efore'efore

erosionerosion (fter(fter erosierosionon

'ul densit'ul densit *g+c"*g+c",,)) &$-,&$-, 1$$

Per"eabilitPer"eabilit y y *c"+.a")*c"+.a") ,$11,$11 1$%,1$%,

PenetraPenetrationtion +c"* +c") 1%$#1%$# ,&$,,&$,


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Ministry of ForestryMinistry of Forestry: 13,2: 13,2 millionsmillions haha degraded landsdegraded lands,,5,95,9 millionsmillions haha inside forest areainside forest area,, andand 7,37,3 millionmillion haha

outsideoutside forest areaforest area

Degraded Land in Indonesia


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2.$ %looding and Land slides

1313

Natural disaster inNatural disaster in Indonesia (1998Indonesia (1998

2!!3"2!!3"

Types frequencyVictims

Loss(mio

rupiah)

Flooding 30 !0"" !#!$3!

Landslides %& "%& !3$#'

rathquae 3' 30" !00$000

Volcano !" *$+

Thunderstorm %" 3 %$0!&

Total "%, 0 -Sum#er$ %a&ornas '%

. %loodings and land slides are related to the e&tend of degraded land

%looding and land slides o''uren'e in Indonesia is still 'ategori(ed high


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Outline



3. Land Degradation



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3. Land Degradation

#and degradation#and degradation::

• is a detereoration of soil leading to a lossof one or all of its function to supportcorresponding biotic acti/ities

• and degradation dri/ers:1$Erosion

2$oss of nutrients and organic "atter$

,$0ining acti/ities. $i%e $i%e of land degradationof land degradation :: &&hhysi'alysi'al,, hemi'alhemi'al ))

*iologi*iologi'al degradation'al degradation


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a.1. )h*si'al LD Erosion

$y%e of land degradation


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a.2. )h*si'al LD +ining

1!

http://../1_PPM/SEBUKU/Lapangan/Video/MOV05d.MODhttp://../1_PPM/SEBUKU/Lapangan/Video/MOV05d.MOD


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1"

a.3. )h*si'al Land 'learing ,ith hea#*a'hineries


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2-

. Loss of nutrient and organic matter due to

the forest /re

. ea1y metal contaminations

. Salini2ation

b. Chei'al LD


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.1er use of pesticides and forest/re

3$ 4iological L+:


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Outline



3. Land Degradation



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4. Land Rehabiltation

4.1 )re#ention

Land utili(ation a''ording to its 'a0abilit*

se of soil and 'onser#ation te'hniues


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Soil and water conservation methods

'.egetative method

).Structural method

*.Chemical method


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LC*S*+% SE%EL,M D- SES,D D/+E-DM /+

berupa krital

(sebelum)

berupa gel

(sesudah)

Chei'al ethod l'osorb and Soil %i&

for *dro seeding


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,se o lcosor# or tree lanting in degraded land


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%eore and ter S*/L/ alication

#eore ater


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00li'ation of l'osrob and Soil %i& for *dro

seeding

3altim 'rima Coal


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%ree0ort 5ailing Re'. Soilfi& )ol*bead


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l'osrob Soil %i& untu6 *dro seeding 0ada

alti )ria Coal

3altim 'rima Coal

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