Post Graduate School Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi

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Examination for Admission to PL.D. Programme 2011-2012 I I

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Discipline : Water Science and Technology

Discipline Code : 22 ~ o l l NO.

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? (ii) There shall be NEGATIVE

PART- I (General Agriculture) 5. To address the problems of sustainable and holistic development of r a i n f e d . areas, I I

including appropriate farming and livelih,o.od i

Multiple choice questions (No. 1 to 30). system approaches; 'the Government of India Choose the correct answer (a, b, c or d) has set up the i

and enter your choice in the circle (by a) National Rabfed Area Authority i shading with a pencil) on the OMR - b) National Watershed,Development Project for i

Rainfed Areas answer sheet as per the instructions 8 c) National Mission on Rainfed Areas given on the answer sheet. d) Command Area Development and Water

Management Authority 1. Which of the following crops havk been i+

i 1,

approved for commercial cultivation in lndia? 6, which of the following sub-schemes are not a) Bt cotton and Bt brinjal I

covered under the &shtriya Krishi Vikas b) Bt cotton and Golden Rice c) Bt maize and Bt cotton

Yojana? . 4

i ,d) -- Bt cotton only Extending the Green Revolution to eastern '

j; India b) Development of 60,000 pulses and oilseeds 2. This year (2010-11) the expected food grain

production in lndia is a) 212 million tonnes b) 220 million tonnes

235 million tonnes 250 million tonnes ,

3. The genome of which of the following crops is still qot completely sequenced?

4 Rice b) Soybean c) Sorghum. a- Whe$

4. According to the Approach Paper to the 12" Five Year Plan, ttie basio object,"ve of ttie 12Ih plan is ,.

a) Inclusive growth b) Sustainable growth

i I c) Faster, more inclusive and sustainable

growth I , d) Inclusive and sustainable growth

villages in identified watersheds : c) National Mission on Saffron

d) National Mission on Bamboo

7. ~he'minimum support price for the common variety of y d $ y announced by the- Government o India for the year 2010-11 was

&"? 1030 ,by? 1000 c) 7980 d) t 950

8. According to the Human Development Report 2010 of the United Nations. India's rank in terms of the human development

A: b) 134 is

c) 169 d) 182

Subject : PhD - Water Science and T 2

9. Which of the following does not apply to SRI metliad of paddy cultivation?

a) Reduced water application b) Reduced plant density

&Increased application of chem~cal fertilizers d) Rqduced age of seedlings

10. Which organic acid, often used as a preservative, occurs naturally in cranberries, prunes, cinnamon and cloves?

$Citric ac~d Benzo~c acid

c) Tartaric acid d) Lactic acid

11. Cotton belongs to the family a) Cruciferae b) Anacardiaceae

-I?$" Malvaceae d) Solanaceae

12. Photoperiodism is Bendlng of shoot towards source of light

C E f f e c ; of l ighlark durations on physiological processes

C) Movement of chloroplast in cell in response to light

d) Effect of light on chlorophyll synthesis

13. Ergot disease is caused by which pathogen on which host?

4 Claviceps purpurea on rye b) Puccinia recondita on wheat c) Drechlera sorokiniana on wheat d) Albugo candlda on mustard

14. Rocks are the chief sources of parent materials over which soils are developed. Granite, an important rock, is classified as Igneous rock

b) Metamorphic rock c) Sedimentary rock d) Hybrid rock

15. Which one of the following is a Kharif crop? af Pearl millet b) Lentil c) Mustard d) WV7.t

16.The coefficient of variation (C.V.) is $alculated by the formula

Mean1S.D.) x 100 (S.D.IMean) x 100

c), S.D./Mean d) Mean1S.D.

17. Which of the following is commonly referred to as muriate of potash?

a) Potassium nitrate ~ ~ o t a s s i u m chloride

c) Potassium sulphate d) Potassium sllicate

18 Inbred lines that have same genetic constitution but differ only at one locus are called

a) Multi lhnes b) Monohybnd c) lsogenlc lines d) Pure lines ,

19. For applying 100 kg of nitrogen, how much urea would one use?

a) 45 kg ' b) Ill kg

222 kg d) 333 kg

20. The devastating impact of plant disease on human suffering and survival was first realized by epidemic of Brown spot of rice in Bengal

b) Late blight of potato in USA c) Late blight of potato in Europe d) Rust of wheat in lndia

21. The species of rice (Oryza) other than 0. sativa that is cultivated is

a) 0 . rufipugon b) 0. longisteminata

p) 0. glaberrima d) 0. nivara

22. The enzyme responsible for the fixation of C02 in mesophyil cells of C-4 plants is

a) Malic enzyme X P h o s p h o e n o l pyruvate carboxylase

c) Phosphoenoi pyruvate carboxykinase d) RuBP carboxylase

23. Which one of the following is a 'Vertisoi'? #Black cotton soil b) Red sandy loam soil c) Sandy loam sodic soil d) Submontahe (Tarai) soil

24.What is the most visible physical haracteristic of cells in metaphase?

Elongated chromosomes a? b) Nucleus visible but chromosomes not c) Fragile double stranded loose chromosomes d) Condensed paired chromosomes on the cell

plate

. .

Subject : P ~ D - w 3

28. Certified seed is produced from a) Nucleus seed b) Breeder seed

A$ Foundation seed d) Truthful seed

25. All weather phenomen mist occur in

r i / ~ r o p o s ~ h e r e b) Mesosphere c) Ionosphere d) Ozonosphere

26. Which of the following elements is common to all proteins and nucleic acids?

a) Sulphur b) Magnesium &' Nitrogen d) Phosphorous

27. Silt has intermediate characteristics between a) Sand and loam b) Clay and loam c) Loam and gravel

Sand and clay

29. Seedless banana is an 4 Autotriploid b) Autotetraploid c) Ailotriploid d) Allotetraploid

33. The most commonly used formula for, computing r m d is

a) California f o r m u l v - b) Hazen's fo'imula" c) Weibul's f o r @ i F d) Beard's formula

34. The subsurface runoff is also known as ) Interflow - b), Storm seepage +) Secondary base flow -rYf All of the above ,

35 Soil structure refers to which of the following?

,,a)' Arrangements of soil part~cles b) Proportion,of sand, silt, clay c) Organic composition d) Profile depth

36. Why is s e w oftenl&ss.fban-soil eroson in a glven dr&&-in?

,a) Because streams usually cannot carry all of the sediment that is eroded

A)- Because sediment yield is totally unrelated to soil erosion

C) Because streams naturally evolve towards a graded condition

) Because a stream's bed load usually ? exceeds its suspended load

PART- I1 (Subject Paper)

30. Which one of the following is used to test the goodness-of-fit -A- of a distributi~n?

-A

a) Normal test b) t-test

H h i - s q u a r e test d) F-test

Multiple choice questions (No. 31 to 130). Choose the correct answer (a, b, c or d) and enter your choice in the circle (by shading with a pencil) on the OMR - answer sheet as per the instructions given on the answer sheet.

I'

31 Thd~science which deals with snow and ice IS known as

??a) Cryology b) Glaciology

?c) Limnology d) Potamology

32. Which is the odd one of the following? a) Snow b) Sleet c) Rain d) Hail

37. What psentage ar_ea in India is drought prone?

a) 40 b) 50 c) 60 d) 70

38. The volume of water passing by-pxrunit time is called the vol,um.g.flow rate. Wllaf happens to the volume flow rat6 of <he water as it passes from thick section to the thin section?

a) It will decrease -- J.)- It will increase

c) It won't change d) Cannot know

39. Isotherm is a line which joins the points of equal

a) Rainfall depth @ Temperature c) Humidity d) Atmospheric pressure

40. Which of the following constituents found in ground water is m ~ s t likely associated w~th agriculture bc j -us~?

a) Nitrate b) Sulfate

)gc) AZ_s?io - d) Chromium.

d) Precipitation

Subject : PhD - Water Science and Technology -2011 4 * ,

44. Climate is influenced by 4 The amount of incoming solar radiation rb) Earth's rotation C) The tilt of earth's axis

41. Soil having highest infiltration capacity a) Sandy clay loam b) Clay loam

.&~oam d) Silty clay

42. A piezometer is inserted into the ground to a depth of 15 m. The ground elevation at the point of insertion is 880 m above the mean sea level (MSL). The distance from the ground surface to the water table in the piezometer is 5 .m. What is the elevation head measured by the piezometer?

a) 875 m b) 865 m

\ +m c) 860 m \ox. 4"n & d) 855 m

43. During which of the following does water move in direction different from others?

a) Percolation \ &+'Transpiration -.A

C) Infiltration

jd ) The moon's gravity

48. A 6 hour storm of uniform intensity and a total rainfall of 8 cm produced a runoff of 6 cm. What is the runoff produced by a_ lZb~ur storm of uniform intensity afid a total rainfall of !A. cm assuming bindex to ' be same during both the storme?

a) 5 cm b) 8 cm c) 9 cm d) I I cm

49. Which of the following has the highest infiltration capacity?

d/ +&'Forest land .b) Grazed pasture

y c ) Concrete pavement in airport cd) Ro~ky land

50. The salinityk water a) Reduces the e!.!apo~a$on b) Does not affecte@poration c) l n c r e a . s ~ t h e ~ q w ~ t i o n d), Difficult to's3)

45. Which of the following statements is false? a) Recharging of water is a slow process b) The water table moves down in a dry

weather c) Water in a confined aquifer is under pressure

Groundwater is stationary and does not r" move

46. The main difference between a s ~ e n s i o n and a cgllaid,is that Insusl3ension, the particles e ~ e g b y settle to-the bottp'm

b) In suspension, the solute is permanently 7 dissolved in the solvent )oc) In colloids, the particles eventually settle to

the bottom d) In colloids, the saxe is

~ & e . ~ o ! ~ e n t

47. In the case of a water table well, the piezometer surface

7" a) is above the ground level pb) is below thewater level in the well &between the groad. Jgvel and the water

surface9 thewdl ?d) \below the water zrface in the.,w~ll

: ~~ ::>. ~.

51. How is&&wtored in an aquifer? a) In an open underground, l a k ~

t& In clacks and spaces.in rocks y) In impermeable rock ycl) In wells and springs

52. For drinking water, the . World - ~ e a l t h Organization recommends a level of - coiiform b_a~te~ia~.colonies-per .l(lo..m_il@,rx;> .ofwatdr s a ~ l e ? .

a) o b) 5 c) 10 d) 100

53. Evaporation 'through plants and from surrounding soil together is called

a) Evaporation b)Jranspiration

@ Evapotranspiration d) Ail of the above

\C

54. The permeability of an aquifer <Increases with 'increase in temperature b) Increases with decrease in temperature c) is independent of temperature d) Decreases with decrease in temperature e

55. The problem of flo:d routing _through a .reservoir may, be a_pp;$ache_dd using i. ~

& The law of L conservat~on ... of m a 3 +)- Newton's &ond law &*:?---." b

c) , The law of conservation of energy 9) Darcy's law

. . . . : .. i < , ,

Subject : PhD - Water Science And ~ e c l i n 6 ~ o g ~ - 2011

>..? ~. ~

56. A formula at^ ..& terminc?ethe~,d~~trib,~ti6h orbZacjthrough an aquifer is (I . , - , . *---.

a) Dar-quaxon b) Poiseuilie's equation c) Laplace's equation d) Richard's equation

57. How much of earth's water is fresh watel? a) 97% b) 50% 6). 3%

58. What is the best definition of r f e r e r r c i h g ?

\.ap he process of assigning co_or.d.inates from a- & n ~ ~ a f e r e . a c e system to.spatial data

b) The process of matching .. . address locations with street'data

,c) The process of assigning datum and. spheroid to the data .

~ d ) The process of transferring geographic coordinates from one projection to another

59. All the feature classes in a feature dataset must have

a) Same source data- b) Same projectionv c) Same field types? d) a) and b) of the above

60. In standard False Colour Composite (FCC), some water bodies appear in colpur which could be because of

a) Large depth only b) Shallowness only c) Turbidityonly d) Shallowness or turbidity

61. What will happen to the-jtyof wateras it passes from a relatively the-5x-n .of pipe to a relatively ~~inmection. of,pipe? + It will increase^

b) It will slow down c) The velocity won't change d) Can't say

62. Thy probability that a T, year flood occurs in any, year is

- ~. ' 63. For:a,,given storm, theeerage depth of\ ! <minfallqver an,area , , , .... ... *

a) Decreases with increase:in area b) Increases fiith'increase in area

,~c) -has no relatjon witharea d) Decreases with decrease in area

64. The average equivalent ratio ofLCa+Mg).Jp ' ' HCOs is

a), Lower in the high-land river waters than that in the low-land river waters

, b) +Higher in the high-land river waters than that in the low-land river waters

c) Double in the low-land river waters as compared with that in the high-land river waters

d) Mofe thdndouble in the low-land river waters as compared with that in the high-land river waters

65. Based on PET, available water holding capacity of soils and both moisture and the thermal classifications, the climate of India has been divided into how many zones?

a) 10 b) 8

-c) 6 d) 4

66. The areas covering northern Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh and northern part of Andhra Pradesh fall under

a) Humid climate b)- Sub-humid climate c) Pre-humid climate d) Semi sub-humid climate

68. Meteorological drought in the area is dejine_d as a situation where the actual rainfall decreases by more than

a) 40 percent of the normal rainfall b) 30 percent of the normal rainfall ,cp 25 percent of the normal rainfall d) 20 percent of the normal rainfall

!

69. The evaporation from the &emi:dr.y"-.soil, which occurs-16 days after an,,irriga!ion, depends on

a) Climatic factors b) Type of the soil c) Characteristics of the crop

&Hydraulic conductivity of the soil

67. The cereal production on account of climate V F -

change ~sllkely to decline a) Every where in the world b) ' Only in the developed countries + Only in thedeveloping countries d) Both in the developed and developing

countries

Subject : PhD - Water Sc

70. The ~ e a k period evapotranspiration ,IS required for

a), Determining irrigation water supply b) Evaluating the performance of an irrigation

project &,--Planning an lrrigation system

d) Developing ~rrigation schedules

71. Stokes' law is valid only when the Reynold number is

a) Between 1 and 10 b) Does not considerably exceed 1 C) Considerably less than 1 d) Does not exceed 1

72. The major role of water user's association in . a canal irrigated command at present is to a) Decide on season's water allocation b) Consult and look to the irrigations

departments for water supply c) Ensure that outlets and structures are not ' tempered with

dpDistribute water below outlets

73. The eficiency of ~ e G ~ u ~ p o r t System IDSS) is fhe

a) ~easure of the skill of the.decision makes ' b) Degree to which goals are achieved

c) Success in developing the linkages between ' the objects 4, Measure of the use of inputs

74. The main difflcuity in developing an expert system for planning an$Foper.Eat'iOg. .@ate< resource systems is associated with-the

) Effective maqip-UL~W tilarge<. kpjwledge bases -...-

-b) Effective ma~ipulation of large databases c) Complexities of the changes on the

programmes d) Lack of availability of input data

75. Remote sensing may be used to carry out ground water investigations by performing

a) GeohydromorphologicaI maps b) Hydrogeomorphologicai maps c) Geo orphol gic maps

,A) Ge&drolp&caI maps

76. MJQ~ irrigation projects includes a) Odfsurface, water based schemes irrigating - more than 10,000 ha area b) Only surface water based schemes irrigating

more than 20.000 ha area c) Both the surface and ground water based

schemes irrigating more than 10,000 ha area d) Both the surface and ground based schemes

irrigating more than 20,000 ha area

77. The major reason for the gap between ,the created,and the..utilied irrigation potential under the medium and , major irrigation projects as reported by the Committee set up by the Ministry of lrrigation and Power in 1972 was

XNon-avai labi l i ty of field channels b) Use of unreliable data for designing and

constructing irrigation network C) Excessive seepage losses in the canal

network d) Absence of water users' associations

78.0ne of the several limitations of the @@O~>s eduation used for determining infiltraf~on rate of water into soil iethat it does not fit weJl;for

a) Small values of elapsed time &)' Large values of elapsed time

c) Coarse-textured soil d) Fine-textured soil

79. If the depth o [ ,w~e~jn-a~+r then channel it? in$re%c$, the .perceni seepage loss ii'ih5:

ich$nnel.wil! iocrease a) ~ p ~ f i i ~ ~ a U y ~ - w i t k ~ - , t h e - - i n c r e a ~ e - ~ e

cagycQg capacity of thechannel &- Proportlonally less than the increase in the

depth Proportionally more than the increase in the

') depth d) Proportionally with the increase in the depth

80. The applicability of the Darcy's law in any soil

*Depends upon soil texture b) Depends on soil structure c) Depends both on soil texture and soil ' structure

d) is independent of soil texture and soil structure

81. The total flow r a g of_water. in.a saturated, soil i s ~ o r t l o n ~ ~ t ~ f b e Radius of the pores ZBbj Square of the radius of the pores

&c) Third power of the radius of the pores ,@ Fourth power of the radius of the pores

82. The initial weight of a 25z-m:~,lysim.et.er afler irrigafing' a crop was measured as 6.35 tonnes and its weight 10 day after irrigation was found to be 6.15 tonnes. If the volume of the drainage water collected was 100 litres, the average value of the daily evapotranspiration of the crop will be

a) 2.75 mm Jal 2.50 mm c) 2.25 mm d) 2.00 mm

Subject : PhD - Water sde

83. A water sample with a CaC03 concentration of 150 mgllitre may be classified as

a) Sofl b) Moderately soft c) Hard

~ f ~ o d e r a t e l ~ hard

84. The spacing between tiles for sub-surface drainage in agty-clsy loam is Less than that in a clay soil

b) Greater than that in a clay-loam c) Greater than that in a sandy-loam d) Less than that in a clay-loam

85. If the field capacity of a soil is 30 per~ent, moisture before irrigation is 20 percent, apparent.specific gravity of the soil is 1.6, root zone depth 1 m and daily consumptive use is 8 m, the irrigation interval is -

a) 25 days 'I o &+0 days 3 - , . 6 09 c\ 15 davs -r$p h

86. The water availability to the plants-hasoil a) Remains the same over-the entire range of . .

wat8r.availabiltty . -

7" b) Depends upon the wat.er table leve1,depth c) Remains the same upto the critical soil

moisture level @/Becreases with the water potential

87. If surface irrigation system is designed such that the advapce phase of water front takes only 25 percent of the total irrigation time in a soil, the infiltration rate of which is inversely proportional to the square root of the elapsed time, the water application efficiency of the system can be expected to be more than

-a) 90 percent b) 80 percent c) 70 percent d) 60 percent

88. The desian and management studies~ in surface irzgation systems,ak carried out to increase . . . . . . .. . -

a) Water use efficiency &k AoDlication efficiencv

c j storage efficiency . d) Distribution efficiency

90. Water storage efficiency is the ratio between a) Water stored in the root zone and the water

applied to the field b) Water used by the plant and water stored in

the root zone &-Water stored in the root zone and the water

holding capacity ?f the root zone d) Water released from the root zone and water

stored in the root zone

91. The friction loss, per, unit length in a lateral pipe with the . same .- .... .*......, size ~ .. as, thaLof!he,.mein liipe of a pressutjzed irogatjonsystem

a) is more than that in the main pipe b) Remains the same as that in the main pipe c) Increasqs with the number of the cutlets in

the lateral pipe is less than that in the main pipe

92. The groundwater flow into a wel l - is governed by a Dupuit assumption which states that the TfoG:ziEEy K'proportional to the

a) Sine of the hydraulic gradient b) Cosine of the hydraulic gradient

.ej- Tangent of the hydraulic gradient d) Cotangent of the hydraulic gradient

93. Out of the four sutface geophysical methods, fhe most widely qpi ied method for groundwater investigation is the

a) Gravity method b) Seismic reflection method c) Seismic refraction method &'Resistivity method

94. One of the most widely-qepted $o,il and water conse~ation practices for watersheds witfi~slopping, a-gricuitura! lands is

a) Contoui.and graded bundirig b) Buffer strip cropping & Contour cultivation

d) Land leveling

95. The moisture coctent in. afi&..has. to be raised from 1_2p~r~n~.fp,2Q,pe.rceent thmugh irrigation. If the apparent specific gravity of the soil is 1.5 and the root zone depth is 50 cm. the d e ~ t h of water to be added would be

c) 7 cm 89. In a ~erfectlv desianed check basin svstem 1 d) 8cm -

of irrigation . a) Recessihn phase is more important than the

depletion phase &)- Depletion phase is more important than the

recession phase c) Either of the two phases are equally

important d) None of the two phases are important

96. The velocity of a particle ~~.aveIi.ng.with water through a sediment basin is Lnvers~ly proprtional to the

a) Flow rate b) Length of the basin 4 Depth of the basin

d) Concentration of the sediment ,

Subject : PbD - Water Science and Technology -

97. Hydraul~c ram is an -- impulse pump* and is specially suitable for

a) Coastal areas b) Humid areasH-

,$)F)"Hilly areas ' d) Alluvial areas '

(&)During puddling, the soil i&-S&jeri(i.d..to stress-,in by&:[ang.e, th~.~~a_~J!lary.,p.QLe space IS destroyed. In-Lhjs,._ajfuafj.on, the apparent Specific volume of soil is

a) Increased b) Reduced c) Homogenized d) Same as before puddling

99. Water &.mmeI, occ.urs in a pipe when ?he flowing fluid ezp_reesees .a.sudden~ducfisnin

a) Pressure b) Pipe diameter

@) V~locity d) Pipe roughness

,100. A typical. small watershed. ~~~ p r~jsct c o n c e $ r a t e s i s ~ o ~ ' ~ a, .*.6Ki.6 fvaafiaTi

b) Water harvesting ,c) Land treatment

7 d) Forest cover;

101. lsohyets are gawn by a) Joining rain gauge stations

&$ Drawing lines of equal rainfall for a given duration

C) Orthogonal lines joining rain gauge stations d) ~ i n e s o f equal elevations

102. Flood routing is the copp!!!$ip!l of a) Direction of {he floornow b) Inflow hydrograph, when the outflow

hydrograph is kiiown ..sp OuMow hydrograph, when the inflow

hydrograph and stocage propertie* are known

) Storage, when the outflow hydrograph is known

1 0 5 . ~ h e velocity distribution across a pipe flawing full is

a) Triangular .-bv Parabolic . c) Uniform d) Semi-circular

ln a season, 15O.g.p. of irrigation wqterol an eiectrical.~co~d~~!ivity of 1.4 d 8 was applied on one h e c t a ~ l a ~ l d . The salt added to the !rea.wouid

a) 1318

1 107 A oractical me!hod of determinatiq" of CrQP ~f is thtbugh e$mndalj.W?n _,-, -

a) Small. pots &-- Field ,plot ,

c Non weiohina lvsimeter

G$ For a small watershed, the_runoff is f?ugd!C!. be kw. r ly , .~~a~$~g@(both in ~4) with *slopi? of 6, 5 n n intercept &LQ) For this waters %d to produce runbffr-th6 rainfall must exceed,,, I a) 10bfi*.-

'h 109. Saline lands are mogy found in.~.th+.r~ion

which are a) ~emped te &+ Arid and semi-arid 9) vnirrigated .d) Humid

110.in ground water recharge through a tubewgjLt?e.,rechaIge.,I;ate

d ) ~ =ease= with time. b) Increases with time c) Remains constant d) Fluctuates around a mean

103, It is a thumb rule that for eveq(<2~c9 d\,scharge, the bee~,,width,,.ca~, ..be .$$@ approximately

a) l .dm b) 1.5m C) 2.0 m

I I I. Centrifugal pumps are used when suction lifl is Less than 9 m

b) Equal to 15 m c) Equal to 20 m d) Greater than 20 m

dj 2.5 m

104. Flow in an irrigation channel is assumed as Gradually varied & Spatially varied

c) Uniform d) Rapidly varied

112. An average discharge of a pump 2x!ltKes per minute irrigates 100,,? x ,100 m wheat

, crop in 2 days and 2 Foyrs, then what is the 2.9 average depth of irrigation7h Q

a) 0.030 m b) 0.040 m C) 0.049 m

gy 0.069 m I 1 t 3 . ~ ~ 9 c . . ~ $J

.. , . ... . . I '?. _ . ,:-*.. Subject : PhD- Water Science and ~ e c h n o l o ~ ~ -2011 9

114. The horizontal distance between the center of the pumping well and the point of zero draw down is 1

113, Water year in India starts from the first day @An unconfined aquifer of porosity 3-3%39

pr Radius of influence R) Effective length

---C ---,

cYLena th of aauifer I

of a) January b) March C) - Aoril

:)/ diaGeter ofinfiuence

specific yieldsL5,,has an area of?@k.g ,

The water table fails by 0.20 mdur ing drought. The volume' of water lost from storaae in M m3 is -

,@>>he hydraulic gradient line indicates the variation 04 -.

a) ..Velocity head in the flow direction b) Piezometric head in the flow direction

. c) Total energy head inthe flow direction d) Elevation head in the flow direction

I 16. A i~~,.~minag~~_den.~jty~p!,.an a~ajndicaies .* High permeability-of.fhe.terrain & LG

b) Low permeability of the terrain A/?- +) Dense network of streams pA~,Number of First order streams are more

cap1 is ~ m a n g with an average @urf?c.e width of l r ~ , ~ : a - ~ ~ i j ~ a s s . ~ . , p i i i

evaporation is 0.5 cmld, volume of 3%ater evaporated in a motith of 30 days in m is

a) 1,75,000 -,2 b) 1.26.000 %% ~ \ o % y 1 5 ~ ,' ~ Y ' O F ~

118. What size of electric motor is required for pumping 300 L./min against a head of 50 m, assuming a pump efficiency of 66%?

119. The cgncept used to.eya!uate the sprinkler irrigation system is

a) Uniform intensify &)-+ ~ ( i f o r m i t ~ coefficient c) Coefficient of variation LI L d) Un~formity index

120. ~ ~ d ~ u l i c a l i ~ the most..~efficient .. . . .- . . . . irrigation chanhel section is

A' Semi-circular b) Trapezoidal c) Rectangular d) Elliptical

122. The commoniy used,.ra~&acSi.ve. (soicrpe is groundwater development is

a) Urariium ' b) Thorium fl Tritium d) Germanium

123. Rising limb of hydrograph is dependent on a) Storm and basin characteristics pds) Storm characteristics only

&Basin characteristics only +) Land use characteristics only

124. All watershed development works should start from

a) Lower reaches of the watershed b) middle reaches of the watershed fl Upper reaches of the watershed d) From anywhere in the watershed

125. Which of the followingAesjgns you. would adopt for an epe~ipent.t,.w]?h..,soil..saiinity levels as main reatment and drip irrigation .b amount levels as sub treatment?

a) Completely randomized design &p Randomized block design C) Factorial randomized block design d) Split plot design

@or,assegsme"t of soil m q j g r e in taking up rabl sowing in a dy!a?dayea of large extent, which of ihe followin< remot'e sensing:data you would use?

p) Far infrared (FIR)' -b) Near infrared (NIR) .c) Microwave

c) 40 d) 100

128. In rational method for computing. the peak rate of runoff of w ter8fi6ds,7he 'iacfoi"l' iniplies the ' ?,

a) lntensity of rainfall for 30 min duration b) lntensity of rainfall for 1 hour duration & lntensity of rainfall for the duration equal to

the time of concentration d) lntensity of rainfall for the duration equal to

half the time of concentration

134,Match the objective with the soil conservation practlce

i) Contour farming 4 a,) To prevent sheet and rill erosion

ii) Strip farming e XIJ To perform soil manipulation iii) conservation Illage c) To provide the ponding of L water

iv) Contour trenching, d) To filter soil out of rain Water v) Terracing q e)(To held water and prevent j rllnnff? , - . . - . .

7 1 2 9 . A droug~~e.vent~;~~$u~s:when. the.,$t.an$ar.d . . - prec~ptat!,oa ~ndeq(SPi -,-:;)

a) is-continuously nega lve and reaches a k a) Pidzometer value of -1

b) Reaches a value of zero b) Water table c) is continuously positive and reaches a value aquifer inldEAtq e '

of e l 1 MA real water existence leve)hyb)- ~hreatic surface d) is continuously negative and reaches a @An imagina6,pressure line a. d) Well loss

value of -0.5 &Difference between in the well e) Piezometric and outside the well 4 surface

130. For conducting a drip irrigation experiment with si&~e,yek..,~f.,ir,rigation, rn/!li.!Ym. hew many replications have to be taken-vp for successful~,~~ti~t ical design7

Matching type questions (No. 131 to 140); all question* carry equal marks. Choose the correct answer (a, b, c, d or e) for each sub-question (i, ii, iii, iv and v) and enter your choice in the circle (by shading with a pencil) on the OMR - answer sheet as per the instructions given on the answer sheet.

131. i) Groundwater dating L a) Ground water

movement ii) Rational method e b) Plant growth ~i i ) Thiessen polygon 4 c) Carbon-14 iv) Well hydraulics G d) Rainfall v) Crop coeffic~ent b e) Flood

132. i) Hyetograph t a) Infiltration ii) Capillary zone C b) Remote sensing iii) F~eld capacity 4 c) Rainfall iv) Land uselLand coverb d) Irrigation v) Duty 4 e) Above water table

133. i) Infrared e, .a) Agronomical measure ii) Contour byndjng a b) Drought iii)-Reverse osmosis 4. c) Evaporation iv) Aridity index b d)-Water.quality v): Lysimeter- c a) Surface water body ~ ~ ~ ~

!~ ~ ~

136. i) Coshuton whee~ilt.samp!ero( a) Hydraulic jump ii) Drop structure e b) Surface drainage iii) Mole plough c. c) Sub-surface

drainage iv) Chute structure q d) H-flume v) Bedding ' b e) Apron

137. i) Leakage factor e a) L/T ii) Hydraulic resistance C b) L'/T iii) Discharge 4 C) L3 iv) Water diffusivity b d) L /T v) Infiltration q e) T

138. .,...., .

i) Darcy's equa!ion Ct a). Con,geeyat!on of,?a?S, ii) Ma~ning's equation4 @sewatlon of energ9 iii) Continuity equation4 keynolds9s number <0.2 iv) Bernoulli's equationh @Apparent velocity of flow v) Stokes' law ) c 9-Dimensionally non-

homogeneous equation

139. i) Unconfined aquifer La &Ward rock area ii) Confined aquifer C b) Screen welL iii) Perched aquifer,, I g, G) Piezometric surface iv) Open well c( d) Phreatic surface v) Bore well & ,@ False aquifer

140. I) Remote sensing & a) Rainfall > 600 mm i ~ ) GIS C , b) Ramfall < 600 mm iii) GPS d c) Thematic integration iv) Contour bunding b d ) m farming v) Graded bunding q e) POT

I -

s FIVE marks. Write answers, including computat ion I 'mathematical calculations if for each question on therquestion piper itself.

141. Describe how global warming is affecting the'envikonment?

142. Determine IrngaMn time of a check basinhth 12 m jx 50 m size which is irrigate0 wrrn a auea,,, size of 25 ips to achieve an irrigation depth of 8 cm at the tail end of the basin in a soil with cumulative infiltration of Y=l . l to' ', where Y is the depth ofinfiltration in centimeters and t is the lapsed time in minu\ep The advance function of the water front for the given stream size is represented by C7.5 t , where I is the ,..~ advance length in metres and~t, isthe time of advance in minutes. ,z. \ ,; e, = 2shn "1 - - - -

144. Discuss in brief, 'waraband~' in a canal command areas for water allocation. I

Subject : PhD - Water. Sc . .

13

. .

145. What is conjunctive use of water ? Why is conjunctive water use advocated for adoption in canal command areas?

146. Convert Poiseuille's law for capi!a~~f!ow~o@rcy law. <* ..., .... - ~~~ .