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Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11

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Page 1: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Hypothalamus and pituitary

Fig.7-11

Page 2: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Posterior pituitary

Fig.7-12

HYPOTHALAMUS

Vein

POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Page 3: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Anterior pituitary

Fig.7-12

Endocrine cells

Neurons

Portal vessels

HYPOTHALAMUS

Veins

Artery

ANTERIOR PITUITARY

POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Capillary bed

Capillary bed

TO TARGET ORGANS

Page 4: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Adrenal gland

Fig. 23-1

Adrenalcortex

Adrenalmedulla

Page 5: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Goiter

Page 6: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Goiter

http://www.metta.net/mhc/top/001178.cfm
Page 7: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Bone growth

Fig. 23-16

Epiphysis

Diaphysis

Epiphyseal plate

Diaphysis

Compactbone

Osteoblast

Chondrocyte

Cartilage

Bone growth

Newlycalcifiedbone D

irecti

on o

f gro

wth

Osteoblasts

Old chondrocytes

Chondrocytes

Dividing chondrocytes

Page 8: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Acromegaly

Fig. 23-14

Page 9: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Functions of muscle

Fig. 12-2

Flexion

Extension

Biceps musclecontracts (flexor)

Tricepsmusclerelaxes

Triceps musclecontracts (extensor)

Bicepsmusclerelaxes

Page 10: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Functions of muscle

Fig. 12-2

PeristalsisVasoconstriction

Hydrostatic Pressure

Page 11: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Types of muscle

Fig. 12-1

Nucleus

Muscle fiber(cell)

Striations

Skeletal muscle

Page 12: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Types of muscle

Fig. 12-1

Muscle fiber

Nucleus

Striations

Cardiac muscle

Intercalated disk

Page 13: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Types of muscle

Fig. 12-1

Muscle fiber

Nucleus

Smooth muscle

Page 14: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Muscle structure

Fig. 12-3

Skeletal muscle

Muscle fascicle:bundle of fibers

Muscle fiber

Connective tissue

Connectivetissue

T endon Nerve andblood vessels

Nucleus

Page 15: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Muscle structure

Fig. 12-3

T-tubules

Sarcoplasmicreticulum

Sarcolemma

Mitochondria

Myofibril

Thickfilament

ThinfilamentNucleus

ULTRASTRUCTURE OF MUSCLE

Page 16: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Muscle structure

Myofibril

Z disk

Z disk Z disk

Z diskSarcomere

Thin filaments

Tropomyosin

Troponin

Actin chain G-actin molecule

Myosin tail

Myosin heads

Myosin molecule

Thick filaments

Hingeregion

Titin

Titin

M line Myosincrossbridges

M line

Fig. 12-3

Page 17: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Cross-bridge cycle

Fig. 12-9

ADP ADP

Actinmoves

Cytosolic Ca2+

Tropomyosin shifts,exposing bindingsite on actin

TN

Power stroke

Initiation of contraction

Troponin G-Actin

Tropomyosinblocks binding

site on actin

Myosin head

TN

Relaxed state. Myosin head cocked.

Pi

Pi

1

2 3

4

5

Page 18: Hypothalamus and pituitary Fig.7-11. Posterior pituitary Fig.7-12 HYPOTHALAMUS Vein POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Sarcomere contraction

Fig. 12-8


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