Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland Complex

Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland ComplexAnterior Pituitary and Posterior PituitaryHypothalamusHypothalamusLocated in the frontal area of the brain, under the thalamusInhibits and releases hormonesSecrets tropic hormones to affect the anterior and posterior pituitary

As you can see, the hypothalamus is located under the thalamus.EXTRA FACTS:

The hypothalamus the size of a peaConnected to both endocrine and nervous systemVital for homeostasisHypothalamus is a control freak?!

Involved in..Autonomic Function ControlEndocrine Function ControlHomeostasis Motor Function ControlFood and Water Intake RegulationSleep-wake cycle Pituitary Glands

InfundibulumPituitary Glands were once thought as master glands because scientist thought that it produces the main hormones that are required for humans independently.

After, the scientists found out the Hypothalamus control the pituitary glands and proceed to research their relationship.How do Anterior and Posterior Pituitary differ?Anterior PituitaryHormone synthesizing glandMade up of endocrine cellsRegulates physiological processTransports hormones through blood streamDelivers hormones through blood Posterior PituitaryPart of the nervous systemMade up of vascular networks and neural pathwaysConstructed of neural cellsDoesnt produce hormonesStores and releases ADH and OxytocinDelivers hormones through neuronsHypothalamus-Pituitary ComplexHypothalamus-Anterior Pituitary Complex

Neurosecretory cells produce hormones

Hormones go through the InfundibulumReleased into the primary plexus

Transported through the portal system

Released into the Secondary plexus

Diffuse into the anterior pituitary

Initiate hormone productionWhat does anterior pituitary produce?TSH Thyroid-stimulating Hormone (Tyroid)ACTH Adrenocorticotropic hormone (Adrenal Cortex)PRL Prolactin (Mammary glands)hGH Human Growth Hormone (Bones, tissues)FSH Follicle-stimulating hormone (Ovaries, testes)LS Luteinizing Hormone (Ovaries, testes)Hypothalamus-Posterior Pituitary Complex

Neurosecetory cells produce ADH and oxytocinHormones packaged into vesicles

Transported into axon

Stored in axon terminalAction Potential GradientHormones released from axon terminal

Diffuse into posterior pituitaryReleases hormonesOxytocin (Smooth muscle in uterus and mammary glands)Antidiuretic hormones (Kidney tubules)

How do they relate?Hypothalamus releases releasing hormones to the anterior pituitary gland transported through blood to stimulate the release of hormones.Hypothalamus produces Oxytocin and ADT and stores it in posterior pituitary gland, where it gets released into the capillary networkLets play musical chairs!!

Final NoteHypothalamus is connected to pituitary glands because the hypothalamus regulates hormones which the pituitary glands produces or secrets.Works CitedBailey, Regina.Hypothalamus. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 July 2013. . Carter-Edwards, Trent, Susanne Gerards, Keith Gibbons, Susan McCallum, and Robert Noble.Biology 12. Canada: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2011. 365-97. Print.The Hypothalamus and Pituitary Glands. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 July 2013. .What Is the Difference Between the Anterior and Posterior Pituitary?. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 July 2013. .Rowen, R A.Functional Anatomy of the Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland. N.p., 4 Sept. 2001. Web. 23 July 2013. .

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