holt, rinehart and winston the cold war begins holt 1 objectives: what caused the cold war, and what...

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON1

The Cold War BeginsThe Cold War BeginsHOLTHOLT

Objectives:Objectives:What caused the Cold War, and what was the U.S. What caused the Cold War, and what was the U.S.

strategy during the Cold War?strategy during the Cold War?How did the U.S. government try to control the How did the U.S. government try to control the

development of atomic weapons?development of atomic weapons?How did the Marshall Plan help block the spread How did the Marshall Plan help block the spread

of communism in Europe?of communism in Europe?How did the Western Allies respond to Soviet How did the Western Allies respond to Soviet

expansion?expansion?

Section 2: The Cold War BeginsSection 2: The Cold War Begins



The Cold WarThe Cold WarMajor economic, political, and philosophical Major economic, political, and philosophical

differences between U.S. and Soviet Union made differences between U.S. and Soviet Union made them enemies.them enemies.

As Soviet Union expanded, the United States As Soviet Union expanded, the United States responded with policy of containment.responded with policy of containment.




What Is communism?What Is communism?A collective ideology- calls for the community A collective ideology- calls for the community

ownership of land and productive properties (factories, ownership of land and productive properties (factories, mines, distribution chains etc…)mines, distribution chains etc…)

Belief that individual holders of productive property Belief that individual holders of productive property use it to exploit working classuse it to exploit working class

Theories developed by Karl Marx- stage theory of Theories developed by Karl Marx- stage theory of communist revolutions based on assumptionscommunist revolutions based on assumptionsConflict between business class and workers must happen.Conflict between business class and workers must happen.Religion is a drug used by the privileged classes to keep Religion is a drug used by the privileged classes to keep

control over workerscontrol over workersA “Dictatorship of the Proletariat” would lead to a free A “Dictatorship of the Proletariat” would lead to a free

classless society”classless society”



How Communism Worked in the First Communist StateHow Communism Worked in the First Communist State

The Soviet Union became the first sustaining communist The Soviet Union became the first sustaining communist state in 1918.state in 1918.

The Soviet communist government under Vladimir Lenin The Soviet communist government under Vladimir Lenin and Josef Stalin collectivized farms and took over and Josef Stalin collectivized farms and took over industries. Economic production directed by government 5 industries. Economic production directed by government 5 year plans.year plans.

Capitalism (production of goods and services motivated by Capitalism (production of goods and services motivated by profit) officially ended by Stalinprofit) officially ended by Stalin

All political opposition to communist party crushedAll political opposition to communist party crushedSoviets eager to export communismSoviets eager to export communism



Control of atomic weaponsControl of atomic weaponsBaruch Plan imposed penalties on countries that Baruch Plan imposed penalties on countries that

did not follow international rules.did not follow international rules.Atomic Energy Act created the Atomic Energy Atomic Energy Act created the Atomic Energy

Commission in the United States to oversee Commission in the United States to oversee research and promote peacetime uses of atomic research and promote peacetime uses of atomic energy.energy.




Question to considerQuestion to consider

How might the nuclear technology developed in How might the nuclear technology developed in America to defeat the axis be a concern with its America to defeat the axis be a concern with its allies, especially the Soviet Union?allies, especially the Soviet Union?

How might the Soviet Union try to counter the How might the Soviet Union try to counter the nuclear capabilities of America?nuclear capabilities of America?



The Marshall PlanThe Marshall Planalleviated economic problems, making countries alleviated economic problems, making countries

were less vulnerable to communismwere less vulnerable to communismstabilized European economiesstabilized European economiesled to European economic recoveryled to European economic recovery




Western Allies’ responses to Soviet Western Allies’ responses to Soviet expansionexpansioncreated NATOcreated NATOcreated Federal Republic of Germanycreated Federal Republic of Germanysupplied West Berlin during Soviet blockadesupplied West Berlin during Soviet blockade




The Berlin CrisisThe Berlin CrisisBerlin was occupied by the four allied powersBerlin was occupied by the four allied powers

Western part of the city: France, Britain and USWestern part of the city: France, Britain and USEastern part of city: USSREastern part of city: USSR

Western zones unite-This is opposed by the USSRWestern zones unite-This is opposed by the USSRUSSR cut of western road access (autobahn) to Berlin USSR cut of western road access (autobahn) to Berlin

June 24, 1948. Want the surrender of Western BerlinJune 24, 1948. Want the surrender of Western BerlinWestern powers airlift over 2 million tons of supplies Western powers airlift over 2 million tons of supplies

to Berlinto BerlinSoviets end blockade by May 1949-Cold War Victory Soviets end blockade by May 1949-Cold War Victory

for The Westfor The West


The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLTSECTION 2

The Cold War BeginsThe Cold War Begins

Question:How did the Western Allies try to limit Soviet expansion?


The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLTSECTION 2

The Cold War BeginsThe Cold War Begins

Western Allies’Responses to

Soviet expansion

created NATO, a military alliance

created FederalRepublic of Germany

supplied West Berlinduring Soviet blockade



The Cold War and America: The Twin Fears of The Cold War and America: The Twin Fears of communism and the Soviet Unioncommunism and the Soviet Union

Fear of Soviet Fear of Soviet CommunismCommunism Fear that communism will Fear that communism will

spread around the world spread around the world and isolate America.and isolate America.

Fear that communist agents Fear that communist agents in America are plotting the in America are plotting the overthrow of American overthrow of American democracydemocracy

Fear of Nuclear WarFear of Nuclear War By 1947, America lost its By 1947, America lost its

nuclear monopolynuclear monopoly Fear that the Soviet Union Fear that the Soviet Union

will use atomic weapons will use atomic weapons against the United States in against the United States in its attempt to spread its attempt to spread communismcommunism

American communities American communities prepared for the possibility prepared for the possibility of nuclear warof nuclear war

holt, rinehart and winston the cold war begins holt 1 objectives: what caused the cold war, and what...

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