health promotion and wellness chapter 16 · 10/21/2020 suhaila halasa rn, phd, cimi,cpt 25. the...
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Health Promotion and WellnessChapter 16
10/21/2020 Suhaila Halasa RN, PhD, CIMI,CPT 1
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Objectives
By the end of this discussion, YOU will be able to:
• Differentiate between health and wellness
• Discuss the factors that affects health
• Identify the dimensions of wellness
• Differentiate between disease and illness
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Objectives
By the end of this discussion, YOU will be able to:
• Differentiate between health promotion and health protection
• Discuss the healthy lifestyle
• Discuss the healthy lifestyle paradigms
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Health
What does being healthy mean to you?
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Health
It varies from one person to another, it might be:
• Not being ill
• Not having disease
• It is like building up strength and having resistance to infection
• Being productive
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Health
It varies from one person to another, it might be:
• Good academic achievement
• Not having stress
• Performing good daily activity life
• Emotional stable
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HealthHealth as defined by WHO (1948)
“a state of complete physical, mental and social well being, and not merely the absence
of a disease or infirmity (illness).”
• Health means having the ability to adapt continually to constant changing demands.
(Roy Adaptation theory)
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Health• The Joint Committee on Health Education Terminology (2002) stated
that health is:
• “an integrated method of functioning which is oriented toward maximizing the
potential of which the individual is capable. It requires that the individual maintain a
continuum of balance and purposeful direction with the environment where he (she) is
functioning.”
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Health
• Greiner and Edlman, 2006 defined health as:
• More than just the absence of disease
• It is a state of physical, mental and social functioning that realizes a
persons’ potential and reflects a state of homeostasis, balance,
equilibrium, stability, and resilience
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Factors affect Individual’s Health
Genetic
Gender and age
Family
Religion and culture
Friends (social life)
Employment status and income
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Factors affect Individual’s Health
• Advertising and social media
• Health services
• Access to leisure facilities
• Self-esteem and self confidence
• Environmental pollution
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Wellness
Wellness (العافية)
• Its an active process of becoming aware of and making choices
toward a more successful existence and a healthy and fulfilling
life
• Its more than being free from illness
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Wellness
Wellness (العافية)
• It is a dynamic process of change and growth
• Includes individual's functioning at the highest potential and can
be viewed as the actualization of the human potential
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Wellness
According to the National Wellness Institute: Wellness is centered around three basic ideas:
• A conscious, self-directed and evolving (developing) process of achieving
full potential
• Is a multi-dimensional and holistic, encompassing (شامل )lifestyle, mental
and spiritual well-being, and the environment.
• Is a positive and affirming
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15https://www.martinpetkov.com/your-opportunity/the-eight-dimensions-of-wellness
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The Eight-Nine Dimensions of Wellness
• Physical Wellness
• Emotional Wellness
• Mental/ Intellectual Wellness
• Spiritual Wellness
• Occupational/Vocational Wellness
• Social and Relational Wellness
• Environmental Wellness
• Financial Wellness
• Cultural Wellness
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The Eight-Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Physical Wellness:
• The ability to carry out daily tasks, develop cardiovascular fitness,
muscular fitness, maintain adequate nutrition and proper weight,
avoid abusing drugs/alcohol, and not use tobacco products.(positive
lifestyle choices)
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Physical Wellness: Include the following and not limited to:
• Healthy foods/ Nutritious diet/plenty of water
• Regular exercise
• Maintaining healthy sleeping routines
• Maintaining personal hygiene
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Physical Wellness: Include the following and not limited to:
• Avoiding harmful habits/substances
• Avoiding unnecessary injury
• Recognizing and responding to illness and disease
• Regular physical checkups
• Utilizing safe modes of transportation10/21/2020 Suhaila Halasa RN, PhD, CIMI,CPT 19
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Emotional Wellness:
• The ability to control stress and to express emotions appropriately and
comfortably, awareness and acceptance of positive and negative emotions,
and good communication skills and to share feelings of anger, fear,
sadness, or stress; hope, joy, love, and happiness in appropriate and
productive ways.
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Emotional Wellness: Include the following and not limited to:
• Impulse control السيطرة على الاندفاع
• Ability to understand, accept, and manage one’s feelings
• Ability to express feelings with others
• Self-confidence/self-compassion
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السيطرة على الاندفاع
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The Eight-Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Emotional Wellness: Include the following and not limited to:
• Ability to trust in ourselves and others
• Being optimistic about outcomes
• Ability to recognize emotions in others
• Humor and play/fun
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السيطرة على الاندفاع
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Mental/ Intellectual Wellness:
• The ability to learn and use information effectively for personal,
family, and career developments through creative and stimulating
mental activities to increase knowledge and creativity.
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Mental/ Intellectual Wellness: Include the following and not limited to:
• Having a growth mindset
• Creative expression
• Short/long-term goals
• Ability to think critically
• Curiosity
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Mental/ Intellectual Wellness: Include the following and not limited to:
• Academic ability and integrity
• Determination to master new skills
• Having the capacity to ask questions
• Willingness to explore new ideas
• Time management skills
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Spiritual Wellness:
• The state of living with meaning and purpose
• The activities that address issues such as meaning and purpose in
life; self-awareness; connectedness with self, others, and a larger
reality
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Spiritual Wellness: Include the following and not limited to:
• Guiding sense of purpose and meaning
• Alignment with one’s own values/moral principles
• Belonging to something greater than oneself
• Spiritual practice/faith
• Capacity for forgiveness
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Spiritual Wellness: Include the following and not limited to:
• Optimism and hopefulness
• Idealism and altruism
• Compassion for others regardless of background
• Inner harmony, happiness, and peace
• Contributing to the greater good
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Occupational/Vocational Wellness:
• The ability to balance life with a satisfying vocation that
aligns with YOUR skills and values, and challenges YOU in
an effort to recognize the importance of satisfaction,
enrichment, and meaning through YOUR work.
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Occupational/Vocational Wellness: Include the following and not
limited to:
• Education/training
• Building relationships with peers/colleagues
• Contributing towards goal fulfillment
• Exploring opportunities to learn and be challenged
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Occupational/Vocational Wellness: Include the following and not
limited to:
• Feeding a sense of purpose and meaning
• Enjoying your field of study/career
• Volunteerism/social contributions
• Feeling a sense of value from instructors/supervisors/managers
• Meaningful work/employment10/21/2020 Suhaila Halasa RN, PhD, CIMI,CPT 31
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Social and Relational Wellness:
• The ability to establish and maintain meaningful
connections, networks, relationships, and interactions with
other individuals, groups, and communities to satisfy the
roles you play.
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Social and Relational Wellness: Include the following and not limited
to:
• Communication skills
• Capacity for connection/intimacy
• Managing interpersonal disputes النزاعات
• Willingness to ask for help
• Ability to maintain satisfying relationships10/21/2020 Suhaila Halasa RN, PhD, CIMI,CPT 33
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Social and Relational Wellness: Include the following and not limited
to:
• Establishing a support network
• Caring for/encouraging others
• Being a strong team player or group partner
• Sharing appropriately
• Recognizing social cues/respectful behavior10/21/2020 Suhaila Halasa RN, PhD, CIMI,CPT 34
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Environmental Wellness: a balancing act between the demands and
challenges from our environment and our resources, or capacity, to
deal with those challenges
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Financial Wellness: the state of your finances
• This also includes behavior choices that ensure adequate income,
insurance, health benefit coverage, and investing and saving for
future needs
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Financial Wellness: Include the following and not limited to:
• Managing short/long-term financial goals
• Budgeting/cost saving skills
• Having a working understanding of finances/taxes
• Living within one’s means/adequate income
• Avoiding unnecessary debts/paying bills and debts on time
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The Eight-Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Financial Wellness: Include the following and not limited to:
• Planning for emergencies (savings fund)/ Retirement planning
• Understanding of our own state of wealth
• Differentiating between needs and wants
• Charitable donations
• Adequate insurance coverage/benefit plans
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The Eight-Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Cultural Wellness:
• The ability to develop a sense of awareness, understanding, and
respect for different cultures, genders, sexual orientations,
income/education levels, and other aspects of diversity.
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Cultural Wellness: Include the following and not limited to:
• Strong citizenship المواطنة القوية
• Appreciation of cultures, traditions, and diversity
• Establishing relationships with those of different backgrounds
(inclusivity)
• Standing-up for/supporting others in times of injustice
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The Eight- Nine Dimensions of Wellness
Cultural Wellness: Include the following and not limited to:
• Avoidance of damaging stereotypes and biases
• Acceptance of all ethnicities, cultures, religions, genders, etc.
• Respect for, and adherence to, laws and regulations
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https://dailynurse.com/nine-dimensions-of-wellness-optimize-your-personal-health-and-well-being/
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https://sisterwells.org/service-3-2-6-2/ Suhaila Halasa RN, PhD, CIMI,CPT 42
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Disease
• A functional or structural disturbances resulting from failed adaptation to
stress and stimuli due to pathological (sometime undetermined organ) state
that affects either one or more body systems of individual (objective)
• It reflects a state of imbalance and failure to survive and create a higher
quality of life
• Example: Acute or chronic disease
• “What the person has on the way home from the doctor’s office”
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Illness
• Is the inner sense oof an individual’s feeling, an experience of unwell /
unhealth (subjective)
• Does not refer to any explicit pathology, but refers to a person’s subjective
understanding of it
• Example: what the individual feels such as; discomfort, tiredness, or general
weakness
• “What the person feels when he goes to see the doctors”44
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Health Promotion
• Is a process of enabling people to improve their health by
synthesizing personal choice and social responsibility
• The science and art of helping people change their lifestyle to
move toward a state of optimal health (O’Donnell (2002)
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Health Promotion
• The actions taken to develop a high level of wellness and is
accomplished by influencing individual behavior and the
environment in which people live
• Is about raising the health status of individuals and communities
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Health Promotion vs Health Protection
• Health promotion: client behavior directed towards developing well-
being and actualizing human health potential
• Health protection: client behavior geared towards preventing illness,
detecting it early or maintaining function
• Health promotion and health protection are complementary
processes, both impact quality of health
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Health Promotion vs Health Protection
Example:
A 40 year-old male, may begin a program of walking 3kg/day
- If the goal is “to decrease the risk of CVD” then this activity is Health
protection
- If the goal is “to increase his overall health and feeling of well-being” then
this activity is Health Promotion Behavior48
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https://healthylifestylespllc.com/ 49
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A healthy life style
• The combined effect on health risks and health status over which an
individual has control
• It combines elements of:
• Health prevention (which decreases the individual chances of encountering illness)
• Health promotion (which is a positive approach to living that leads individuals
toward well-being)
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51https://www.nyoooz.com/features/lifestyle/new-abc-of-healthy-lifestyle.html/1635/
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52https://cinj.org/sites/cinj/files/documents/Session1_PhysicalFitness.pdf
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Healthy People 2030
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Healthy lifestyle paradigms
Healthy People 2030
• Physical activity
• Overweight and obesity
• Tobacco use
• Substance use
• Responsible sexual behaviorhttps://healthylifestylespllc.com/
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Healthy lifestyle paradigms
Healthy People 2030
• Mental health
• Injury and violence
• Environmental quality
• Immunization
• Access to health care
• Reproductive health https://healthylifestylespllc.com/
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Role of Nurses in Health Promotion
• Prevention Role:
- Prenatal care
- Immunization program
- Occupational health and safety
- Public health education
- Conducting research and Evidence-based practice
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