glocal hyperreal and the sad demise of the corporeal: an obituary

8/2/2019 GLOCAL HYPERREAL AND THE SAD DEMISE OF THE CORPOREAL: AN OBITUARY

1/16

OIKB@I NUSGVVG@I @HJ ZNG R@J JGDERG KA ZNG BKVSKVG@I = @H KFEZW@VU

JGF@SV@R@J F@HJUKS@JNU@UIEHOWERZEB VGRG@VBN WHEZ

EHJE@H RZ@ZERZEB@I EHRZEZWZG

632, F.Z. VK@J, B@IBWZZ@- ?3303>

3. SVKIKOWG

Znes p`pgr jgìs wetn rgì-nypgrrgì juìety eh tng bkhtgxt ka prkieagr`tekh ka Gigbtrkheb

B`petìesd `hj ets sufsgqught jg`tn ehjustry, uhusuìiy jgpghjeho kh skdg a`bts `hj aebtekhs,

wnebn `rg strebtiy jesbkurògj `s wgii `s jesìikwgj wetneh tng strebt akrd`t kr Srkbrustg`h fgj

(Srklrustgs es ` oe`ht eh tng Orggl dytnkikoy, J`d`stgs kr ktngrwesg, wnk ièj ìi nud`h

fgehos kh nes fgj `hj tngh ikp tngd kr r`bl tngd kut tk d`lg aet et.) ka jkdeh`ht sbeghteaeb

wreteho. E `pkikoezg akr subn ehbkhvgheght w`y ka rgprgsght`tekh `s E `d wreteho `h kfetu`ry ka

tng or`vg ehbejght ka rgì jg`tn eh bkhtr`st wetn tng edòeh`ry wkrij ka aèrytìg gbkhkdy `s

prkpksgj fy tng prkspgrkus d`stgrs (sgxesd ehtghjgj) ka tng uhevgrsg.

Akr tng a`bts, E `d jgpghjeho kh tng rgpkrt ka @hjnr`-suebejgs pufiesngj eh tng Arkhtiehg (6?

@prei, 6330) `hj trg`t tn`t gxpksetekh `s ` rgìjesbkursg `hj kh tng ktngr n`hj, tnes p`pgr weii

jgì wetn tng nypgrrgì `s bkhstrubtgj fy tnksg d`stgrs ka tng uhevgrsg. I`stiy, et ìsk jgpghjs

kh edòehgj aebtekhs fy D`hel F`hjykp`jny`y `hj R`d`rgsn F`su. Znes jeaagrghbg fgtwggh

tngsg a`bts `hj aebtekhs es katgh auzzy `s Bn`lrkvkrty Rpev`l(055?=?1) `ptiy sèj tn`t tng

jeaagrghbg es eh jgorgg r`tngr tn`h eh lehj. Zngsg rgì a`bts `hj aebtekhs weii fg pi`bgj òèhst

tng nypgrrgì sedui`tgj wkrij ka jgvgikpdght tk uhjgrst`hj ets eddgje`tg bkhsgqughbg, tng

jg`tn ehjustry.


2/16

6

0. VG@I-NUSGVG@I

Zng dkveg st`rts wetn tng `btekh-p`blgj sbghgs ka L`snder wetn ` tuhg ka `m`h arkd dksqug.

Zngh wg sgg tng ngrk bkdgs wetn nes gxtr`vò`ht oikfì jrgss eh `h ùtkdkfeig. Ng es

Vesnelud`r, ` tgbnhebì ehtgiieoghtse`, ` bkdputgr ghoehggr (tng dkst bkvgtgj prkagssekh fgakrg

tng bkii`psg ka EZ-ehjustry eh tng WR eh rgbght p`st)ng es bkdeho eh sg`rbn ka ` frejg tk

aebtetekus Rkutn Ehje`h veiiòg Ruhj`rfn`hpur(tng h`dg es rgd`rl`fig, et dg`hs ` bety \purT ka

sedui`tgj \fn`hT fgùty \suhj`rT). Zng auturg frejg es f`tneho (et es rgjuhj`ht tk dghtekh ngr

kfvekus jrgss-bkjgs) uhjgr ` rkbly akuhtèh wetn `h kptedesteb skho. Bretebs katgh hktebgj tn`t

tnes f`tneho sbghg, ea `fstr`btgj arkd tng h`rr`tevg ka tng dkveg, bkuij ìsk fg usgj eh `hy

`jvgrtesgdght.

Znrkuonkut tnes dkveg, wg wgrg tr`vgieho arkd L`snder tk L`hy`lud`rewg `rg bkhvehbgj tn`t

wg `rg ieveho eh `h edòehgj (dgt`pnysebì) tktìety (ehtgor`tekh) wetnkut `hy oregv`hbgs, ea hkt fg

jesruptgj fy bgrtèh `hkdeb ehbejghbg ielg tgrrkresd tn`t es ehsteo`tgj fy skdg ktngr akrgeoh

bkuhtregs. _g jk hkt hggj `hy nestkrebì `bbkuht ka tng tgrrkresd wngh wg `rg sggeho tnes

p`trekteb dkveg. @hj Ehje`h st`tg tn`hls tnes dkveg (Vkm`) akr ets gxtr`krjeh`ry dessekh akr

h`tekhì ehtgor`tekh.

Zngh b`dg tng W.R. prgsejght wetn ` dessekh tk sprg`j nes bkuhtrys d`rlgt ka hgwiy ehtrkjubgj

p`r`jeod Ehakrd`tekh Zgbnhkikoy. Ng, uhielg Vesnelud`r, jej hkt `ppg`reh tng veiiòg, fut ng

jej `ppg`reh ` Rkutn Ehje`h bety (et es ` veiiòg bkdp`rgj tk tng wkhjgraui bkhsudgrest p`r`jesgAerst _krij betegs), wnebn ng h`dgj `s Byfgr`f`j ehstg`j ka Nyjgr`f`j fgbùsg tnes b`petì

bety snkwgj tng d`ssevg gxpiksekh ka byfgr- ehjustry. Z`xp`ygrs dkhgy w`s uteiezgj akr tng

purpksg ka EZ. Zng suspghjgj qugstekh es= akr wnkd EZ es sgrveho;

Zng gògr BD ka @S `btgj `s ` SVK tk tng tngh WR Srgsejght Biehtkh. _g, tng Ehje`h pgkpig,

n`j sggh tnes nypgr-rgì gvght eh tng byfgrsp`bg tnrkuon tng gigbtrkheb dgje` wetn `h `waui

jest`hbg. _g `rg desrgbkohezeho kur ejghtety, kur rgì bkhjetekh, wngh wg `rg vegweho kur

rgaigbtekhs eh tng edòehgj wkrij ka kr eh tng derrkr ka tgigvesekh sbrggh `hj eh i`rog `hjgxpghsevg okvgrhdght `js. Et es tng desrgbkohezgj ejghtety ka kursgivgs `s rgprgsghtgj `s

Rpgbt`bui`r _g `hj rgì es lgpt `s ` rgdèhjgr, ` rgsejug kr `s `h errgì (eh a`bt, rgììsk

b`hhkt fg agit, ea et es hkt sydfkiezgj).

_n`t es tnes nypgr-rgì jkdèh ka byfgrsp`bg; Eh tng sk-bìigj oikfì veiiòg, `h gxbiusevg


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ehtgr`btevg zkhg es brg`tgj wetn tng ngip ka Vesnelud`rs prkagssekh, e.g., Byfgrhgteb Rbeghbg

wetneh tng `dfet ka Gigbtrkheb B`petìesd. Znes hgw nypgrrgì sp`bg wetn ` dessekh ka pursueho

oikfì d`rlgt es tr`hsdettgj t`leho ehstetutekhì ngip arkd gigbtrkheb b`petìesd. Znes gigbtrkheb

b`petìesd `s `h ehstetutekh es suppigdghteho tng kij preht b`petìesd eh tng bkhtgxt ka argg aikw ka

prev`tg b`petì `hj tng seduit`hgkus argg jgbkjgj aikws ka gigbtrkheb dgje`, e.g. tng d`tgreì

aikws ka hkh-ghbkjgj gigbtreb i`houòg, wnebn es ` sedui`brudka skdgtneho wetnkut sgd`hteb

bkhtght (Jgiuzg, Ou`tt`re, 05??). I`houòg `hj ets sufsgqught sgdekteb prkbgssgs wetneh tng

`dfet ka b`petìesd es hkt rgi`tgj tk ghbkjgj seoheayeho prkbgssgs fut et es bkhbgrhgj wetn subn

hkh-seohs kr r`tngr hkh-seoheayeho seohs, pkeht-seohs, n`veho sgvgrì jedghsekhs, Aikws-

frg`l kr sbnezzgs tn`t akrd edògs tnrkuon bkdeho tkogtngr eh ` wnkig...Znrgg deiiekh

pkehts pgr sgbkhj tr`hsdettgj fy tgigvesekh, khiy ` agw ka wnebn `rg rgtèhgj. Gigbtreb

i`houòg jkgs hkt ok fy w`y ka tng vkebg kr wreteho< j`t` prkbgsseho jkgs wetnkut tngdfktn." (Jgiuzg `hj Ou`tt`re, 05??=6:0)

Fùjreii`rj (05?7) bìigj tnes òg `s `h òg ka sedui`tekh, tnerj krjgr ka prgtghsekh/

rgprgsght`tekh, wngrg ng akuhj seohs `s rgprgsght`tekh ka tngdsgivgs, eh bkhtr`st wetn tng aerst

krjgr gxbn`hog ka seohs, wnebn wgrg bkhstrubtgj `s rgì `hj w`s ou`r`htggj fy dgt`pnysebì

gxestghbg ka tr`hsbghjghtì seoheaegj< kr tng sgbkhj krjgr dgt`-seoheaeb`tekh ka seohs (e.g., òg

ka dgbn`hebì rgprkjubtekh ` i` _ìtgr Fghm`deh, ngrg kreoehì es rgprkjubgj `s ` bkpy). Eh

tng tnerj krjgr, tng seoh es wetnkut `hy seoheaegr jkgs hkt rgagr tk `hytneho kutsejg etsgia `s `h

gxtgrekr` prgsghbg wnksg `fsghbg tngy d`rlfut r`tngr sgrvg tk d`sltng `fsghbg ka `hy

gxtgrekr, kr f`seb rgìety. Znus tng rgi`tekh fgtwggh tng rgì `hj rgprgsght`tekh kr

rgprgsght`tekhì" edòeh`ry es jesskivgj `hj nypgr-rgìty ka byfgr-sp`bg fgoehs, wngrg `hy

sgia-rgagrghteì seohs gdgrogs `s rgì rgìety fy vgeieho tng rgì. @s akr ehst`hbg, Fùjreii`rj

(05?7) jgdkhstr`tgj tn`t eh tnes prkbgss ka sedui`tekh, Jeshgyi`hj es pgrbgevgj `s "rgì

@dgreb`" `hj tng w`rdkhogr `jdehestr`tekh `hj ets sufsgqught vekighbg es prgsghtgj `s errgì.

Jeshgyi`hj kr Byfgr`f`j-- fktn ka tngd auhbtekh eh subn ` w`y, ielg preskh eh ` jesbepieh`ry

skbegty, tk bkhbgì tng a`bt tn`t @dgreb` kutsejg Jeshgyi`hj kr @hjnr` Sr`jgsn kutsejg

Byfgr`f`j kr jg`tns kutsejg tng bgigfr`tekh ka argg aikw ka prev`tg b`petì kr tng wnkig skbeì

wkrij ka jgdkbr`teb uharggjkd kutsejg preskh `rg rgì.

Eh tnes sedui`tgj byfgrsp`bg, hkh-seoheayeho gigbtrkheb jgvebgs rg-ehsbrefg ` rgoedg ka

gigbtrkbghtrebesd. Gigbtrkheb Dgje` pi`ygj tng auhbtekh gx`btiy ielg tng pnkhkor`pn tn`t


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bkikhezgj @areb` fy ehtrkjubeho pnkhk-agtesnesd. Eh b`sg ka gigbtrkbghtebesd, ` agtesn akr

nypgrrgì wkrij (` bkhsudgrest p`r`jesg) es d`hua`bturgj fy tng d`stgrs ka uhevgrsg akr tnger

sgia-ehtgrgst tk auiaeii tng uited`tg okì tk sprg`j bkddkjety agtesnesd. Zngrgakrg, wg hggj hgw

d`rlgt-areghjiy p`r`jeods ielg EZ tn`t sufsbrefgs tng okì ka gigbtrkheb b`petìesd.

6. (VG) ZWVHEHO ZK ZNG VGSVGRRGJ

_ngh kh tng khg n`hj wg n`vg sggh tng bgigfr`tekh ka EZ-Ehjustry `hj kur n`ppy

bkhsbekushgss es s`tesaegj wetn tng `bbkdpiesndght ka oikfìez`tekh, tn`t dg`hs, eh tkj`ys

Krwgiie`h Hgwspg`l, jgvgikpdght, dkjgrhez`tekh, iefgrìez`tekh gtb., `s et es rgprgsghtgj fy tng

gigbtrkheb dgje`, kh tng ktngr n`hj, wn`t wg n`vg hkt sggh ygt `rg tng j`rlghgj veiiògs ka

@hjnr` Sr`jgsn `s wg n`vg i`bl ka ehakrd`tekh. @ suebejkogheb zkhg es brg`tgj `t ` stkhg

tnrkuon jest`hbg (must 633 L.D.) arkd tng ne-tgbn Gijkr` jk bety ka Byfgr`f`j hgg Nyjgr`f`j

(tng frejgs h`dg es bn`hogj àtgr d`rreòg bkhtrkiigj fy tng p`tre`rbnì vìugs). Et sggds

p`r`jkxebì tn`t tng Ehje`h b`petì ka Ehakrd`tekh Zgbnhkikoy etsgia i`bls (;nejgs;) ehakrd`tekh

`fkut tng d`ss suebejg eh tng jeaagrght jestrebts ka @.S. Znus, wg n`vg, `pp`rghtiy, fepki`r

jestrefutekh ka rgì `hj nypgrrgì= eh tng nypgrrgì, tngrg es ` weii tk pkwgrdgje`tgj tnrkuon

weii tk lhkw wetn tng ngip ka _gia`rg Gbkhkdebs (nghbgakrtn _G) `hj Ehakrd`tekh Zgbnhkikoy `dkho tngd wgrg wkdgh, 2: `rg a`rdgrs, `dkho tng a`rdgrs 07 `rg wkdghT) `hj

5 `ttgdptgj suebejgs fy bkhsudeho dkhkbrktkpnkspn`tg (` pgstebejg) `rg rgpkrtgj eh

@h`htnpur jestrebt ka @.S. fgtwggh Rgptgdfgr `hj Hkvgdfgr 6333 jug tk brkp aèiurg, ng`vy

ehjgftgjhgss `hj ktngr rgi`tgj prkfigds. 0

Zng dkst ka tng a`rdgrs ka tngsg jrkuont-prkhg

zkhg ka @.S. kwhgj uherreo`tgj i`hj `hj ehv`re`fiy ehjgftgj tk dkhgyighjgrs `hj @orebuiturì

F`hl. Zng okvgrhdghts sb`pgok`t es ` h`turì bì`dety, tng jrkuont (tng d`hua`bturgj h`turg)

`hj fuj hgbrkses tn`t bùsgj j`dòg tk st`hjeho brkps. Zng kaaebg jej hkt dghtekh tng i`bl ka

ehar`strubturg (i`bl ka pkwgr suppiy `hj tng ehbrg`seho bkst ka gigbtrebety, uhtedgiy suppiy ka

dkhkbrktkpnkspn`tg, gtb.) kr tng oikfì d`rlgt pkieby tn`t jgstrkys tng ehjeoghkus prkjubtekh

eh ` pi`hhgj w`y.

Znkuon wg`vgrs `hj a`rdgrs `rg jyeho, tng prkpgrtegj pgrskhs jk hkt n`vg tng prkfigd tk

n`vg p`blògj rkZe`hj pnkrgh-d`jg l`pV` akr tnger jespksì. _ngh tng fusehgss ka Sgtgr

Ghoi`hj, _r`hoigr, @jej`s, Igg, Nkaad`h, Dkust`bng, Helg, Q`h Nùssgh `hj ktngr akrgeoh

tgxteig bkdp`hegs es prkieagr`teho, tng H`tekhì Zgxteig Bkrpkr`tekh es okeho tk fg biksgj. Et es,

àtgr ìi ` bkdpgtetevg d`rlgt bkhtrkiigj fy tng sgia- (prev`tg) ehtgrgst ka dkhgygj agw `hj tng

d`rlgt es dgrbeigss. Eh b`sg ka @.S., tng rgpkrt s`ys,

Akr tng wg`vgrs, tng f`j tedgs st`rtgj eh tng dej 05>3s `hj tng setu`tekh jgtgrekr`tgj fy

tng dej 0553s. Zng hudfgr ka n`hjikkds agii arkd 7.65 i`lns eh 05>7 tk 6.06 i`lns eh

055>, `hj ka tngsg n`rjiy ` tnerj wgrg kbbupegj. Eh Juf`ll`, akr ehst`hbg, igss tn`h 03

pgrbght ka tng 0733 ikkds wkrl tkj`y.

Zngrg `rg `fkut 13, 333 tr`jetekhì pkwgrikkds eh tng Rt`tg. Kvgr 13 pgrbght ka tng

:3,333 pkwgrikkds eh tng d`mkr bghtgrs ka Bnettkkr, L`redhò`r `hj Hìokhj` jestrebts

n`vg fggh iyeho ejig sehbg 0555. Eh Rerbeii`, ka tng 03,333 pkwgrikkds (tng uhkaaebeì

aeourg es 06,333), 6333 n`vg fggh `f`hjkhgj `hj `hktngr 6333 skij `t sbr`p vìug. Khiy

skdg 1,333 `rg wkrleho `hj tn`t tkk `t igss tn`h 63 pgrbght ka tnger b`p`bety.

(Lresnh`lud`r, 6330= 5)


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Znkuon tng akrgeoh d`rlgt `hj ehjeoghkus prkjubtekh v`ry ehvgrsgiy, tngrg es iettig fktngr`tekh

`fkut subn d`ss-suebejg arkd tng p`rt ka tng okvgrhdght `s okvgrhdght es bkhtrkiigj fy tng

vgtk ka ik`h-p`yeho òghbegs ielg _krij F`hl `hj EDA. Zn`t es st`tg es dehedezgj `hj tng kaaebg-

fg`rgrs (`s wgii `s ets sufsgqught `b`jgde`) ka tng st`tg n`s fgbkdg dkutnpegbg ka tnksg

òghbegs. S`jì` Fnkkd`hh`, Dehestgr akr n`hjikkds `hj tgxteigs sèj, Ruebejgs `rg hkrdì

eh @hjnr` Sr`jgsn. Et snkuij fg jesbkurògj `hj tng wg`vgr a`deiegs snkuij fg tkij tn`t ieag es `

struooig. (Lresnh`lud`r, 6330=02) Zng vkebg ka Jgf`fr`tn` L`htn`, L`redhò`r Bkiigbtkr, es

hk w`y jeaagrght arkd tng dehestgrs prkhkuhbgdght= Ruebejgs eh @hjnr` Sr`jgsn `rg rkutehg

`dkho a`rdgrs, pkwgrikkd kr n`hjikkd wg`vgrs. (Efej, 7). Znes typg ka r`tekhìezgj

ehjeaagrghbg arkd tng p`rt ka ikbì òghts ka EDA kr _krij F`hl b`h khiy fg akuhj eh tng nkiy tgxt

ka Fnò`f`t Oet`, wnebn d`y fg betgj tk r`tekhìezg `hy ka kur `bts eh tngsg oikrekus j`ys ka

Nehju-rghèss`hbg!

Jkgs suebejg d`ttgr `t ìi; Jk wg hkt bgigfr`tg tng treudpn ka kur subbgss akiikweho tng

akktstgps ka kur aerst wkrij fkssgs, wnk `rg rutnigssiy gxtr`bteho surpius i`fkr; Qgry agw aehj

bkrrgspkhjghbg fgtwggh tng subbgss ka EZ-ehjustry `hj tng d`ss suebejg eh tng veiiògs ka @.S.

Khbg E n`vg rèsgj tng pkeht rgo`rjeho tnes d`ssevg suebejg ka a`rdgrs `hj tr`jetekhì ehjustreì

wkrlgrs eh @.S. eh ` h`tekhì sgdeh`r `t tng dkdght ka jesbusseho tng prkspgbts `hj subbgss ka

iefgrìez`tekh. D`hy sbnki`rs surpresgj `hj snkwgj tnger jesbkhtght, `s `bbkrjeho tk tngd tng

bkr-rgì-`tekh, wnebn E n`j jr`wh fgtwggh jg`tn `hj argg aikw ka prev`tg b`petì, w`s eiiebet `hj

aìi`bekus. Gvgrytneho es wetneh tng hkrdìez`tekh prkbgss `hj tn`t hkrdìez`tekh es jkhg tnrkuonr`tekhìez`tekh `hj jgigtekh ka skbeìiy hgbgss`ry i`fkr ieveho wetneh tng `dfet ka nypgrrgì

bkhsudgrest agtesn p`r`jesg. Kr, tng bkhsght ka prgsght tgbnhebì ehtgiieoghtse` kr tng ikbì

òghts ka dkhgy-ighjeho òghbegs es d`hua`bturgj fy tng d`stgrs ka uhevgrsg, wnk prkpò`tg

d`rlgt auhj`dghtìesd (wngrg nud`h vìugs `rg mujogj arkd tng pgrspgbtevg ka tng d`rlgt

`hj ka bkursg tng dkhgy-seoh) akr tng s`lg ka prgsgrv`tekh ka tnger prev`tg prkpgrty.

@rg subn skbeì a`bt ka suebejgs `btuìiy oghkbejg; @rg tng vebteds ka hgw ehjustreì pkieby

weiiehoiybkddetteho suebejg; Kr, d`y wg, rgetgr`teho Jurlngede`h suebejg es ` skbeì a`bt, bìi et` pi`hhgj oghkbejg tn`t es ghoghjgrgj arkd tgrrkr ka d`stgrs ka tng uhevgrsg; Znes qugstekh

ig`js us tk ` Rki`res (@ Aeid d`jg fy Z`rlkvsly kh tng f`ses ka ` stkry fy Rt`he`si`v Igd)

typg ka p`r`jkx= ea tng edòehgj fgeho n`s hk ehjgpghjght gxestghbg, nkw s/ng bkuij

ehjgpghjghtiy jgbejg tk bkddet suebejg; Zng dgssòg es big`r arkd tng aeid= tng jgbesekh akr

suebejg es ìsk bkhtrkiigj fy tng ktngr, wnk edòehgs tng fkjy ka tng fgeho `s (nypgr) rgì.


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Zngsg qugstekhs ghtèi tn`t tng gpestgdkikoy ka tng iefgrì d`rlgt gbkhkdy ig`js tk tng dehkr

rgpnr`seho ka Jurlngede`h prkpksì= suebejg es ` d`rlgt a`bt, tnus ìi b`sgs ka suebejgs `rg

uited`tgiy oghkbejg `hj tngy `rg h`turìiy p`rt ka tng rgì jg`tn ehjustry. Zk skdg tngkrgtebe`hs

ielg Fùjreii`rj kr ]ezgl, tng Ouia _`r d`y fg ` nypgrrgì sedui`tgj prkjubtekh, fut, wg dust

rgdgdfgr tn`t tng gigbtrkheb edòg ka tng jg`tn ka tng sehleho ferj eh tng keiy kbg`h es ` rgì,

tnkuon et w`s rgprgsghtgj eh tng nypgrrgì. Fgeho-tkw`rjs-jg`tn es rgì, fut rgturh tk jg`tn-

tkw`rjs-fgeho es tk fg jgsergj---fut nkw bkuij wg `bnegvg tn`t rgì errgì;

2. JG@ZN EHJWRZVU

Zng @tkdeb setu`tekh es hkw `t tng ghj pkeht ka tng prkbgss. Zng pkwgr tk gxpksg tng wnkigpkpui`tekh tk jg`tn es tng uhjgrsejg ka tng pkwgr tk ou`r`htgg `h ehjevejuì bkhtehugjgxestghbg. --Akubùit (05>>=02?)

Ugs, jg`tn! @s _G es dkstiy bkhbgrhgj wetn ieag-gxpgbt`hby kr ghn`hbgdght ka ieag-styig, et es

ìsk bkhbgrhgj wetn jg`tn-r`tg tn`t rgaigbts tng suppksgj jgvgikpdght. Nkwgvgr, et eohkrgs

tng a`bt tn`t tng ieag gxpgbt`hby `s wgii `s pnysebì quìety ka ieag jgpghjs i`rogiy kh tng

jg`tn ehjustry (e.g. w`r ehjustry `s wgii `s jesouesgj w`r ka d`rlgt). @ii tng sk-bìigj

jgvgikpgj h`tekhs jgpghj kh tng prkjubtekh ka tng jg`jiy wg`pkhs `s wgii `s d`rlgts, fktn ka

wnebn jgstrky hudgrkus bkikheì uhjgrjgvgikpgj (dìhutretekh) fkjegs.

Argg aikw ka prev`tg b`petì-rgi`tekhsnep jgpghjs kh `h kij jkbtrehg, khbg kppksgj fy tng

`h`rbnest skbekfekikoests= survevì ka tng aettgst. Znes brujg J`rwehhe`hesd ka iefgrìezgj

gbkhkdy prkdktgs tng hktekh tn`t ea khg bkuij hkt n`rdkhezg nes/ngr fkjy wetn tng jebt`tgs ka

tng hgw iefgrì gbkhkdy, s/ng snkuij jeg fy dg`hs ka `h`tkdk-fek-pkietebì tgbnhequgs ka tng

aerst wkrij dehkrety= tng fusehgss bkdduhety, wnk lhkws hktneho dkrg tn`h tnger sgia-ehtgrgst.

@hj tnes sgia-ehtgrgst dg`hs tng prgsgrv`tekh ka `hktngr gvei= tng prev`tg prkpgrty `t tng bkst ka

ktngrsjg`tn . Zk bkhbgì tnes f`rg a`bt, tng nypgrrgì zkhg es prkdktgj fy tng sufsbrefgrs ka

gigbtrkheb b`petìesdtng uited`tg surius gxtr`btkr. Znes nypgrrgì zkhg ehbiujgs pkpui`r dgje`

buiturg (`h Ejgkikoebì Fusehgss @pp`r`tus) `s wgii `s gupngdesteb sufmgbts ielg _G kr EZ

(bkhtrkiigj fy tng Ejgkikoebì Rt`tg @pp`r`tus).

Et es "ieveho eh tng w`y ka leiieho", `s Akubùit rgd`rlgj= dkjgrh d`h es `h pkietebì `hedì

wnksg pkietebs pi`bgs nes (seb) gxestghbg `s ` ieveho fgeho eh qugstekh. (05>>=0:2) Nkwgvgr hk

subn qugstekh `resgs eh tng gigbtrkhebìiy bkhtrkiigj nypgrrgì sp`bg brg`tgj fy tng d`rlgt-


8/16

>

bkhtrkiigr `s et prkpò`tgs tng vertuì hktekh ka ejgì ieveho fgeho eh `h ejgì ieveho bkhjetekh tn`t

d`y fg jestkrtgj bkrruptgj jug tk tng aèiurg ka (tnerj wkrij) st`tg. Znes es sufsbrefgj fy tng

`h`tkdk-fek-pkietebs ka d`rlgt gbkhkdy `hj sejg-fy-sejg, wgia`rg st`tgs bkhbgrh kvgr tng

jkbeig fkjys ngìtn, gjub`tekh `hj bnkebg n`s fgbkdg dgrg gupngdesd. Zng tnerj wkrij pkkr

n`s hk bnkebg fut tk bkddet suebejg, jesturfgj fy tng aerst wkrij d`rlgt-rgoui`tkrs `h`tkdk-

fek-pkietebs `s d`rlgt `hj ets gpestgdkikoy (_G kr EZ)fktn ou`r`htgg tng pkwgr kvgr tng ievgs

ka (d`mkrety) ktngr.6

Zng qugstekh es= wn`t typgs ka ngìtn, gjub`tekh `hj bnkebg `rg tngsg `s prkpò`tgj fy tng

wgia`rg st`tg `hj iefgrì d`rlgt;

`) Es et ngìtn dèhtèhgj fy tng dgjebì pkiebg kr dgjebì furgùbr`ts `hj tn`t es jesturfgj `s

wgii `s pkiiutgj fy tng hkh-orggh i`rog-a`btkry prkjubts (tn`t es ` prkbgss ka sikw-

pkeskheho);

f) Es et kaaebeì uhevgrsì ietgr`by, ehsteo`tgj fy tng dgt`h`rr`tevg ka ghieontghdght-prkmgbt tn`t

eohkrgs tng ehjeoghkus lhkwigjog f`sg; Jkgs tnes kaaebeì uhevgrsì ietgr`by sufsbrefg tng

piurì wkrijvegws;

b) Es et bnkebg `hj bkhsght tn`t `rg d`hua`bturgj `hj ghoehggrgj fy tng nypgrrgì `j-

d`hògdght; Wited`tgiy, wnksg bnkebg es et; Es hkt d`mkrety vkteho es dgrgiy ` dehkrety

jkii`r vkteho (bkhtrkiigj fy tng d`stgrs ka tng uhevgrsg) eh tng jgdkbr`by ka uharggjkd;

Eh tng bkhtgxt ka prkieagr`tekh ka jg`tn-ehjustry `s wgii `s tng fkjy-pghgtr`teho p`r`jeod (tng

p`r`jeods, wnebn `rg weiieho tk lhkw tng sufmgbts fkjy fy kfmgbteayeho tngd wetn ` okì ka

vekight sufmgbtekh ka ktngr) ka _G kr EZ `hj d`rlgt-d`hògdght, tnkuon et d`y sggd tk fg `

p`r`jkxebì, et es tng pkwgr (kvgr ieag) tn`t, eh tng fgùteaui ouesg ka _G kr EZ `hj gigbtrkheb

dgje`, ou`r`htggs kur pnysebì quìety ka ieag. Znus _G `hj EZ igoetedezgs tng st`test reont tk

t`lg ieag kr igt ievg. @hj EZ es wkrleho `s ` w`tbnjko akr tng d`stgrs ka tng uhevgrsg `hj tnus

auiaeiis tng èds ka S`hkptebkh. @h EZ/_G-spgbeìest n`s tk o`tngr ehakrd`tekh ka tng sufmgbts

(wnkd s/ng kfmgbteaegs) wetn `h`tkdk-fek-pkietebì tkkis `hj tk ngip S`hkptebkh tk jgbejg tng

wgia`rg ka tnger sufmgbts, `hj eh tnes w`y et es jgbejgj tn`t wnk es sgrveho argg aikw ka prev`tg

b`petì `hj wnk es jesrupteho et. Zng ehjeoghkus a`rdgrs `hj wkrlgrs `rg tng j`hogrkus

ghgdegs (r`tngr rgjuhj`ht fgehos, tnkuon tngy `rg pgrakrdeho tng skbeìiy hgbgss`ry i`fkr!) ka

tng oikfì b`petì< tngrgakrg, tnger gxtehbtekh es jgsergj fy tng D`stgrs ka tng Whevgrsg wetn

Dìtnuse`h dehjsgt. S`hkptebkh wkrls wetn ets jg`jiy dgbn`hesd tk gxtehouesn ets ghgdegs,


9/16

5

tnger sebl bkdpgtetkrs, wnk `rg suppksgj tk tnrg`tgh tng oikfì aikw ka prev`tg b`petì. @hj tngsg

dgbn`hesd ka oikfì b`petìesd brg`tgs jeaagrght typgs ka bkhtr`jebtekhs (khg ka tngd es tng

oikfì vs. ikbì, sgg F`hjykp`jny`y, 0555f)< `hj g`bn p`rtebui`r b`sg, `h EZ/_G-spgbeìest es

`ppkehtgj tk o`tngr ehakrd`tekh `hj akr tngkrezeho tn`t ehakrd`tekh wetn tng jgpikydght ka

ngjkhesteb bìbuius. Khg stujegs muvgheig jgiehqughby, `hktngr r`besd, ` tnerj siuds, ` akurtn

suebejg, ` aeatn i`houòg essug. G`bn sggl `h gxpi`h`tekh ka p`rteì prkfigd fy jgpikyeho

prgjgtgrdehgj skatw`rg p`blògs ielg RSRR (`hktngr Srkbrustg`h fgj, ` biksurg akr piurì

ehtgrprgt`tekh. `hj _G-spgbeìest ìkho wetn hgk-bi`ssebì gbkhkdests gi`fkr`tgs ` tngkry

prkpkseho skiutekhs tk tng iedetgj bkhaiebt s/ng es stujyeho. Znus, wneig sgrveho `s ` w`tbnjko ka

S`hkptebkh, _G/EZ-spgbeìest weii `t tng s`dg tedg d`lg nes/ngr bkhtrefutekh tk tng dksèb ka

skbekikoebì tngkregs sufsgrveght tk tng `h`tkdk-fek-pkietebs ka tng S`hkptebkh.2 @hj tngsg

tngkregs (ka tng bkiiusekh ka spkhskrgj gbkhkdests st`tg `hj dgrbn`hts) `rg ìigokrebìiy tìleho

`fkut tng pufieb wgia`rg, tn`t es, eh turh, ` sedui`tgj wgia`rg (w`ra`rg;) wetn dgbn`hebìiy

sedui`tgj j`t`f`sg wetn `h èd tk bkhbgì tng a`bts `hj aeourgs ka jg`tn. Hk khg wkuij aehj tng

ehakrd`tekh ka rgpkrtgj rgì suebejgs/`ttgdptgj suebejgs kr sikw-pkeskhgj jg`tns fy tng

pkiiut`ht a`btkregs kr tng pkeskhkus iequkr d`hua`bturgrs(tnkuon, ehjeoghkus iequkr, khbg upkh `

tedg w`s tng skurbg ka rebn b`rfknyjr`tg! ), hkt tk dghtekh tng ehakrd`tekh `fkut psybneb jg`tns

ka d`hy, wnk `rg weiieho tk suaagr akr tng ngogdkhy ka tng d`rlgt auhj`dghtìesd, eh tng fkkls

ka oikfìezgj gpestgdkikoy.

Znes d`lgs dg rgdgdfgr Zòkrgs V`lt`l`r`ve(Vgj Kig`hjgrs)= ` arko survevgj akr tnrgg

tnkus`hj yg`rs, fut s/ng w`s hkt ìevg. Znes jestehbtekh fgtwggh survevì `hj ieveho d`jg fy

Zòkrg t`lgs us tk ` brubeì qugstekh ka kur gxestghbg `s ` ieveho fgeho. @s wg `rg bkhtehueho tk

survevg (tnkuon eh _Gs Hgwspg`l, et d`y fg juffgj `s "tk ievg) eh tng dejst ka hubig`r

nkikbùst `s wgii `s jr`steb ghverkhdghtì jeskrjgr, tn`t ghtèis tng tktì gxtehbtekh ka nud`h

fgeho. Khg b`hhkt fut tk fg ` slgpteb, wngh khg ng`rs tng vkebg ka wgiw`ra`rg arkd tng s`dg

jkdèh tn`t `t ` tedg prkpò`tgs w`r, dehkrety-bkhtrkiigj d`rlgt, `hj wgia`rg. Eh a`bt, w`r `hj

wgia`rg `rg tng twk sejgs ka tng s`dg bkeh. Et es tng pkietebì rgspkhsg tk tng tnerj wkrij

jesbkhtght `s wgii `s tng jgd`hj ka reont tk ievg arkd tng p`rt ka tnksg bkuhtregs wnk `rg

b`p`fig tk jebt`tg WHJS tk brg`tg Nud`h Jgvgikpdght Ehjgx (NJE). WHJS es tng kro`h ka tn`t

ehtgrh`tekhì ehstetutg wnk n`s hktneho tk jk fut tk `jvesg ktngr bkuhtregs tk seoh HZFZ, `

trg`ty ka jg`tn.


10/16

03

Fktn tng dehkrety-bkhtrkiigj d`rlgt `hj ets sufsgqught gpestgdkikoy i`rogiy jgpghj kh tng

pnysequg ka tng ktngr. Znes ig`js tk ` jkdèh wngrg bkhsudgrs jgserg es auiaeiigj fy tng

pig`surg (tn`t es tk fg dg`surgj eh tng _G wetn tng ngip ka gbkhkdgtreb tkkis, vez, ngjkhesteb

bìbuius) eh tng nypgrrgì `hj tng bkhsudgr `bts `bbkrjeho tk tng `js. Znus tng gpestgdkikoy ka

_G/EZ es hktneho fut ` sbeghte` sgxuìes tn`t pghgtr`tgs, hkrdìezgs, sufmgbteaegs `s wgii `s

kfmgbteaegs tng nud`h fkjy tnrkuon ets `h`tkdk-fek-pkietebì tkkis `hj d`lgs bkrpsgs kut ka et.:

Eh a`bt, dehedezgj st`tg (tnkuon _G snkw ets d`xedez`tekh) `hj d`xedezgj d`rlgt hggj subn

d`rlgt-areghjiy p`r`jeods ielg _G kr EZ tk r`tekhìezg `hj igoetedezg ets gxestghbg `hj tk auiaeii ets

S`hkptebì okìs ka o`tngreho bkrpsg bkrpus. @s akr gx`dpig, st`tg hggjs ` rgagrgg, wngh

jgdkbr`teb ar`hbnesg (wngrg dehkrety wehs fy spghjeho jkii`rs tk `pprkpre`tg tng bkhsudgrs

bnkebg ka fr`hjs) es hk ikhogr aètnaui tk tng pgkpig. Znus gdgrogj Z.H. Rgsn`h-- st`tg-

spkhskrgj Z.Q. snkwgj tng d`hepui`tekhs eh tng pkst-vkteho j`y ve` Hìehe Rehon. Et ìsk snkws

`hjn` l`huh (fiehj i`w)-ielg aeids tk p`beay tng rgvkiutekh`ry hgrvgs ka tng jesbkhtght

jessghtgrs. Zng Ehtgrh`tekhì @sskbe`tekh akr Ruebejg Srgvghtekh es brg`tgj akr tng wgia`rg ka

pgkpig wetn suebejì tghjghbegs. Zng 60stBkhorgss ka tnes @sskbe`tekh w`s ngij eh Bnghhè eh

`h gxtr`vò`ht d`hhgr arkd Rgptgdfgr 66 tk 61, 6330.

Eh tng `b`jgdeb spngrg, subn d`rlgt-areghjiy gpestgdkikoegs `rg hggjgj tk ìi`y jesbkhtghts ka

tng wrgtbngj ka tng g`rtntng surpius i`fkr suppiegrs. Eh a`bt _G-spgbeìests `hj hgk-bi`ssebì

gbkhkdests r`tekhìezg d`rlgt fy igoetedezeho tng st`tg `hj tng st`tg hggjs j`t`f`sg arkd EZ-

spgbeìest akr tng sufsgrveghbg ka suaagrgj ktngr.

:. NGOGDKHU KA ZNG NUSGVVG@I

Et es surpreseho tk sgg tn`t tng byfgr-sp`teì brg`tevg wkrij sedui`tgs tng rgì= pkpui`r Ehje`h

dkvegs `hj tng ehtgrh`tekhì fgùty bkhtgst rgprgsght sied (suaagreho arkd `hkrgxe` fuiede` kr

hgrvks`) wkdgh wetn iettig biktneho `hj tngy jk et reontiy `s d`mkrety ka tng tnerj wkrij wkdgh `rg

suaagreho arkd dìhutretekh `hj n`vg eh`jgqu`tg o`rdghts. Zngy `rg treddgj tk fg (rg)

prgsghtgj `s sied `hj `rg ìdkst h`lgj. Zng byfgr-sp`teì brg`tevg wkrij sedui`tgs tnes f`rg

a`bt fy snkweho tnes rgìty eh tng nypgrrgì. D`stgrs ka tng Whevgrsg `rg hkw brg`teho `h

sedui`tgj kvgrjgtgrdehgj sp`bg eh tng w`y ka rgvgrsg dedebry (et es dedebry ka dedebry ka

kvgrjgtgrdeh`tekh kr rgbeprkbì rgaigbtekh `s wgii `s rgsgdfi`hbg).


11/16

00

Es et, `s Fn`F` d`y tnehl, dedebry; @s Nkde Fn`F` (055:) dèhtèhgj tn`t tng bkdeb turh arkd

tng neon ejgìs ka bkikheì edòeh`tekh tk ets ikw dedgteb ietgr`ry gaagbts, dedebry gdgrogs `s khg

ka tng dkst giusevg `hj gaagbtevg str`tgoegs ka bkikheì pkwgr `hj lhkwigjog. Bkikheì dedebry

es tng jgserg akr ` rgakrdgj `hj `pprkpre`tgj ktngr`s sufmgbt ka jeaagrghbg kr p`rteì prgsghbg

tn`t es ìdkst tng s`dg, fut hkt quetg, e.g., hkt quetg/ hkt wnetg. Dedebry rgpg`ts r`tngr tn`h

rgprgsghts `hj `pprkpre`tgs bkikhezgj ktngr. Eh fgtwggh, dedebry `hj dkblgry tng `rg` ka

bkikheì edet`tekh bkdgs `s ` beveiezeho dessekh, tnkuon tn`t es ìsk tnrg`tghgj fy ets jesbepiehgj

sufmgbts.

Kh tng bkhtr`ry, eh tnes b`sg, tng i`bl ka akkj `hj o`rdghts ka ktngres rgaigbtgj eh tng gigbtrkheb

derrkr ka nypgrrgì eh ` akrd ka (uh) bkhsbekus p`rkjy, tngrgakrg et es ` p`stebng ka tng sgbkhj

krjgr dedeb. Rufkrjeh`tg ktngr es hkt ngrg edet`teho tng beveiezeho dessekh ka supgrkrjeh`tgs, fut

tng supgrkrjeh`tgs tngdsgivgs `rg `peho tng ktngr tk prkvg tnger s`dghgss wetn tng ktngr. Et es `

b`sg ka rgvgrsg ded ebry (sedui`tekh ka tng sufkrjeh`tg rgì) `s dedebry ka f`seb rgìty es

rgpg`tgj eh ` akrd ka p`rkjy eh tng rgìd ka nypgrrgì sp`bg-- rgì es p`rteìiy rgprkjubgj eh tng

nypgrrgì sp`bg fy dgje`-d`hògrs tk bkhbgì hk prgsghbg kr ejghtety fgnehj ets d`sl.

D`stgrs ka tng Whevgrsg `rg tryeho tk fg s`dg wetn tng ktngr, fut hkt quetg akr bkddkh rg`skh

ka dgrg dkblgry. Eh tnes b`dkuaiòeho, kr eh tnes dgtkhydeb tr`hsakrd`tekh ka rgvgrsg dedebry,

tng eh`pprkpre`tg bkikheì ktngres ngogdkhezgj `hj `pprkpre`tgj.

Znrkuon tnes prkbgss ka rgvgrsg dedebry, tng oikfì b`petì es hkw tryeho tk fg ikbì. Znes es ìsk` nypgrrgì sp`bg, wnebn es kbbupegj fy tng Skst-ehjustreì duiteh`tekhì skbegty (` i` J`hegi

Fgii) tn`t hgo`tgs Akrje`h st`hj`rjezgj Srkjubtekh `hj Z`yikre`h Jevesekh ka I`fkur `hj

iequej`teho b`petì. Et `t ` tedg prgsgrvgs piurìety eh ` byfgr-sp`teì nypgr-rgìety kvgrtiy `hj

gxtrgdg bkvgrt bghtrìez`tekh. Znes pnghkdghkh d`y fg sudd`rezgj `s "ikbìez`tekh eh

oikfìez`tekh" kr "oikb iez`tekh". Znes jgpikydght ka neon-tgbn eh tng sedpig bkddkjety

prkjubtekh es f`sgj kh tng bkrpus bkiigbtgj arkd tng ngtgrkoghgkus sk-bìigj ikbìs (eh tnes

b`sg, bghtrì b`petì fgn`vgs ielg S`hkptebkh) `hj tnksg ikbì bnkebgs `rg stkrgj eh tng

bkdputgrezgj j`t`-rgpgrtkerg wetn tng EZ-gpestgdkikoy. Oikfì b`petì hkw b`hhkt jk wetnkutngtgrkoghgkus ikbìs. Zn`t es, tng oikfì b`petì, tk bkpg wetn tng ikbì, iequej`tgs etsgia fy

r`pejiy bn`hoeho ets sn`pg `bbkrjeho tk ikbì jgd`hjs tnrkuon rgvgrsg dedebry kr dkblgry gtb) wgrg judpgj kh tng bkuhtry,`hj gvgry sbngdg pkssefig akr ehtrkjubeho tngd eh a`rdgrs aegijs w`s d`jg `vèi`fig.

(@iv`rgs,05>>= >>). Znes typg ka vekight D@Hguvgreho eh tng ouesg ka ikbìez`tekh es ìsk akuhj eh

tng nypgrrgìety ka Skst-ehjustreì skbegty. Zng rgì piurìety, v`regty, ngtgrkoghgety-- ìi `rg

jyeho, tn`hls tk tng prkieagr`tekh ka jg`tn ehjustry, kh tng ktngr n`hj, vertuì e rrgì piurìety,


14/16

0:

v`regty, ngtgrkoghgety `rg ieveho wetneh tng supgr-rebngs jr`weho rkkds wetneh tng `dfet ka

oikbìgigbtrkheb b`petìesd!

1. GSEIKOWG

Znes bkrpkrgì stkry ka bkrpsg/bkrpus ghjs wetn ` hktg arkd @iv`rgs, wnk rgetgr`tgj Aulkl`s

h`turg areghjiy òrebuiturì ghjg`vkur= D`s`hkfu Aulukl` n`s jgdkhstr`tgj tn`t ea khg b`h

freho òrebuiturg ehtk biksg `pprkxed`tekh wetn h`turgs dgtnkjs, khg b`h tnrkw tng ghtergty ka

dkjgrh òrebuiturì sbeghbg kut ka tng wehjkw. Znes ng nedsgia n`s `bnegvgj. Aulkl`s yegijs

n`vg turhgj kut neongr tn`h tnksg ka ig`jeho òrebuiturg rgsg`rbn st`tekhs eh M`p`h. _n`t es

dkrg seoheaeb`ht, nes skeis `rg auii ka ieag, ehsgbts ievg eh sydfekses wetn nes pi`hts, `hj tng

bkhbgptekh ka wggjs n`s fggh tnrkwh kut ka usg. (05>>= 5>)

Nkwgvgr, kur bkikheì `v`rebekushgss `hj akrgeoh-agtesnesd, ehsteo`tgj fy argg aikw ka akrgeoh

prev`tg b`petì `hj gigbtrkheb dgssògs d`lg us `bt `bbkrjeho tk tng d`stgrs jebt`tgs tn`t

ig`j. Znus, wg `rg jgstrkyeho kur fekjevgrsety fy ehtrkjubeho akrgeoh fkjegs ehtk kur bkrp krgì

wetnkut hktebeho tn`t tngsg ìegh fkjegs `rg pi`yeho n`vkb eh kur fkjegs `hj tnger n`fet`t.

Hktgs=0. @s pgr Arkhtiehg-rgpkrt (Kbtkfgr 61, 6330, tng rgpkrt es f`sgj kh tng p`pgr ka L.Hòr`m) et es kfsgrvgj

tn`t eh Ehje` Dkrg tn`h khg i`ln pgrskhs t`lg tnger kwh ievgs eh Ehje` gvgry yg`r. Zng ehbrg`sg ka Ruebejg

r`tg es strelehoiy ehbrg`sgj àtgr 05>3s tng hudfgr ka suebejgs pgr 0333 jg`tns n`s jkufigj arkd 1 eh

05>7 tk 06 eh 055>. Ruebejg r`tgs n`vg fggh jgbejgjiy neongr eh skutngrh st`tgs, tng v`re`tekh `brkss tng

bkuhtry n`s fggh jedehesneho eh rgbght yg`rs. Rt`tgs gisgwngrg n`vg fggh b`tbneho up wetn tng

skutngrh st`tgs eh tng i`st agw yg`rs wneig tng h`tekhì `vgròg es burrghtiy `fkut 00 pgr 0,33,333

pgrskhs, tng tkogtngr n`vg ` r`tg ka 23 akr dìg suebejgs. Zng ikwgst r`tg akr dìgs es eh tng hkrtngrh

rgoekh `fkut : pgr 0,33333 pgrskhs. (6330=51)

Ngrg `rg skdg a`bts `hj aeourgs ka suebejg r`tgs eh Ehje` (Bkurtgsy= Arkhtiehg, Kbtkfgr 61, 6330)

Lgrì`4 23.7 pgr 033333

L`rh`t`l`4 6:.6 pgr 033333

Z`deih`ju4 0>.1 pgr 033333

Skhjebngrry4 7> pgr 033333

Zng suebejg jug tk uhgdpikydght es ìsk ` j`hogrkus seohì akr tng auturg ka kur kvgr-pkpui`tgj bkuhtry=

òg orkup 23-:3= 73> pgr 033333 dìg, 633 pgr 033333 Agdìg

òg orkup :7-75= 0>06 pgr 033333 Dìg, `hj 773 pgr 033333 Agdìg.

6. Zng subbgss ka aèrytìg d`rlgt gbkhkdy `t tng bkst ka tng bkrpsg ka tng ehjgftgj tnerj wkrij d`lgs us

rgdgdfgr tng pkwgr kvgr ieag-nypktngses ka Debngi Akubùit. @s Akubùit snkwgj, eh tng 0>tn B., tng

prkieagr`tekh ka jgdkor`pneb tgbnhequgs, t`leho bug arkd tng bi`ssebì pgrekj, tk lhkw tng fkjy ig`j tk


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tng `jdehestr`tekh `hj sufmgbtekh ka tng jkbeig fkjy. Zng `jdehestr`tekh `hj ets sufsgqught gpestgdkikoy

es gògr lhkw, _n`t es fgnehj tng fkjebg; (Bkie lg pebng ly` ny`y; ` pkpui`r skho ka tng Nehje Aeid

Lnìh`y`l). Zng prkbgjurgs ka pkwgr ngrg ogt ` bn`hbg tk lhkw `hj pghgtr`tg tng fkjy tnrkuon tng

tgbnhequgs ka gbkhkdgtrebs `hj d`rlgt-survgy, wn`t Akubùit bìigj `s `h`tkdk-pkietebs. @h`tkdk-

pkietebs es akrdgj bghtgrgj kh tng fkjy `s d`bnehg= ets jesbepieheho, tng kpted ez`tekh ka e ts b`p`fe i e t egs,

tng gxtkrtekh ka ets akrbgs, tng p`rìigi ehbrg`sg ka ets usgauihgss `hj ets jkbeiety, ets ehtgor`tekh ehtk

systgds ka gaaebeght `hj gbkhkdeb bkhtrk is.. (05>>= 025, gdpn`ses `jjgj). Kh tng ktngr n`hj, tng

prkbgjurgs ka pkwgr ìsk pghgtr`tg tng nud`h spgbegs fy jgpikyeho uhevgrsì dgbn`hebs. Zngsg

`ttgdpts tk ehtgrvghg wetn rgoui`tkry bkhtrki kvgr tng spgbegs `rg, `bbkrjeho tk Akubùit, tng fek-pkietebs.

2. E `d rgetgr`teho ngrg tng qugstekh rèsgj fy J`hegi Bknh-Fghgjebt eh tng bkhtgxt ka Rtujghts

Vgvkiutekh eh S`res eh ` p`dpnigt ghtetigj _ny Rkbekikoests; (Betgj eh Jgws,05>?=0?6). E `d ngrg

rgpnr`seho J`hegis ìigo`tekhs òèhst tng gxesteho p`r`jeod ka skbeì sbeghbg tn`t sufsbrefgs tng

ùtnkret`re`h bkhtrki kvgr tng jkbeig fkjy ka tng sufmgbt.

:.@bbkrjeho tk tng dkjgrh sbeghteaeb dgtnkj, akrdì ehquery fgoehs wngh tng nud`h sufmgbt es jg`j.

Znkuon eh tng dkjgrh systgd ka p`tnkikoebì ehvgsteo`tekh, nud`h sufmgbt eh ` i`fkr`tkry es tnkrkuoniy

`hj akrdìiy ehvgsteo`tgj tk uhjgrst`hj tng jestkrtekh eh tng fkjy, tng dkjgrh i`f-systgd n`s

dgt`dkrpnksgj tng nud`h `s ` jg-nud`h fy kfmgbteayeho et." Znes tgbnhkikoebì bkhtrki kvgr tng fkjy

uhjgr tng purvegw ka dkjgrh sbeghbg brg`tgs ` Wiyssgs Ryhjrkdg, eh wnebn tng nud`h sufmgbt ielg

Wiyssgs jkgs hkt rgturh tk tng pksetekh, àtgr p`tnkikoebì tgst, arkd wngrg s/ng n`s st`rtgj. Eh tnes

bkhhgbtekh, E b`hhkt ngip fut tk quktg I`l`tks=

Hkfkjy weii jkuft tn`t skdg prkfigds ka D`tngd`tebì tngkry b`h khiy fg `pprk`bngj

àtgr et n`s fggh akrdìezgj, must `s skdg prkfigds `fkut nud`h fgehos (s`y bkhbgrheho

tnger `h`tkdy) b`h khiy fg `pprk`bngj àtgr tnger jg`tn. Fut agw weii ehagr arkd tnes tn`t

nud`h fgehos `rg suet`fig akr sbeghteaeb ehvgsteo`tekh khiy wngh tngy `rg prgsghtgj eh

jg`j akrd, `hj tn`t fekikoebì ehvgsteo`tekhs `rg bkhaehgj eh bkhsgqughbg tk tng

jesbussekh kh jg`j nud`h fgehos-- ìtnkuon, E snkuij hkt fg surpresgj ea skdg ghtnuse`steb

pupei ka Qgsìeus eh tnksg oikrekus j`ys ka g`riy `h`tkdy, wngh tng pkwgraui hgw dgtnkj ka

jessgbtekh gdgrogj, n`j ejghteaegj fekikoy wetn tng `hìyses ka jg`j fkjegs . (05?1=2 ah)

_g tng pupeis ka Qgsìeus, `s dkjgrh sbeghtests akiikw tng s`dg fy `hìyzeho akrdìiy `s wgii `s

dgt`d`tngd`tebìiy tng nud`h fgeho fy trg`teho tngd `s jg`j fkjegs. Znes es khg ka tng okìs ka dkjgrh

rgjubtekhest sbeghbg tn`t rgjubgs nud`h tk jgnud`h. Eh tnes w`y wg `rg sufsbrefeho tng pkwgr-

lhkwigjog hgxus.


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FEFIEKOV@SNU

@iv`rgs, B. 05>>. Rbeghbg, Bkikheìesd `hj Qekighbg= @ Iujjetg Qegw. Eh H`hjy, @. gj. Rbeghbg,Ngogdkhy `hj Qekighbg. (pp.1>-006) Jgine= Kxakrj Whevgrsety Srgss.

F`hjykp`jny`y, Jgf`pr`s`j. 0555`. Gigbtrkheb B`petìesd .Arkhtegr.Qki.20=67 (pp.:->) Lkil`t`

.0555f.Ikbìez`tekh eh Oikfìez`tekh ArkhtegrQki.26. D`y 6->,0555(pp.06-07) Lkil`t`

[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[. 0555b. _gia`rg Gbkhkdebs= @ Skst-Dkjgrh Vgspkhsg. ArkhtegrQki.26=07,(pp.06-07). Lkil`t`.

.6333. "Byfgr-duiteiehouìesd.". Ehje`h Mkurhì ka @ppiegj Iehouestebs .^^Qi= 6 (pp.00?-023).

Fn`fn`, N. 055:. Zng Ikb`tekh ka Buiturg. Ikhjkh= Vkutigjog.

F`su, L. 0557. @ Aèiurg Rtkry. Zng Zgigor`pn. 5 Muhg, 0557. Lkil`t`

Fùjreii`rj, M. 05?7. Redui`tekhs (Zr. Akss, S., Fgetbnd`h, S.05>2) Hgw Ukrl= Rgdektgxt(g), 05>2.

Bn`lr`vkrty Rpev`l, O. 055?. D`n`swgt` Jgves Frg`st Rtkregs. Lkil`t`= Rgòuii.

Bnkujnure, @, J`s, J, Bn`lr`f`rte, @. 6333. D`roeh ka D`roeh= Srkaeig ka `h uhrgpght`ht pkstbkikheì

bkii`fkr`tkr. Lkil`t`= @hustup.

Jgws, S. 05>?.Ikoebs ka Jesehtgor`tekh. Ikhjkh= Qgrsk.

Akubùit, D. 05>>. Zng Nestkry ka Rgxuìety= `h ehtrkjubtekh. Qki.0. Hgw Ukrl= Qehtòg Fkkl.

Lresnh`lud`r, @. 6330`. _g`vgrs Jestrgss. Zng Arkhtiehg. ^QEEE= >. (pp. 7-03)Bnghhè.

[[[[[[[[[[[[. 6330f. Zng Breses eh Rerbeii`. Zng Arkhtiehg. ^QEEE= >. (pp.03-02)Bnghhè

[[[[[[[[[[[[. 6330f. Reighbg ka tng ikkds. Zng Arkhtiehg. ^QEEE= >. (pp.02-01)Bnghhè

I`b`h, M. 05??. Gbrets= @ Rgigbtekh. Ikhjkh= Zr`vestkbl.

I`l`tks, E. 05?1. Srkka `hj rgaut`tekhs. B`dfrejog= B`dfrejog Whevgrsety Srgss.

Rrejn`r, Q. 6330. Ieag-`hj-Jg`tn Pugstekhs Zng Arkhtiehg. ^QEEE= 60. (pp.57-5?)Bnghhè

glocal hyperreal and the sad demise of the corporeal: an obituary

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