Rhodes UniversityFaculty of Pharmacy

Gender and Leadership Webinar2023-05-02

List of Contents

Introduction by Prof Sunitha Srinivas

Sustainable development goals

Gender and Leadership in Health Promotion

South African Background

Health Promotion Projects for Tobacco and Alcohol

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Introduction by Prof Sunitha Srinivas

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Sustainable development goals

HEALTH PROMOTION

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Gender and Leadership in Health Promotion

Researchers

Management

Peer educators

Support staff

Communities

Families

Health Care Centre

Students and patients

WORKPLACE

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Gender and Leadership in Health Promotion

Health Promotion

Community Empowerment

Communication

Encourage discussion

Debate

Knowledge

Awareness

Critical thinking

Education Health literacy

Influence

Tactics

Motivation

Teamwork Share Resources, Skills, Knowledge

Sustainability

Formal education

UBUNTU and Society

building responsibiliti

es

HIV/AIDS programmeLe

ader

ship

skill

s obt

aine

d fr

om

activ

ities

such

as:

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South African Statistics

Factor Figure

Population Size (2014) 53,1 million

Human development index 0,666

GNI Per Capita (2011 PPP $) (2014) 12,122

Health expenditure as % of Gross Domestic Product

8.9

Life Expectance at birth (GDI value) 57,4

Gender development Index 0,948

Employment to population ratio 39,2%

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Workplace Health Promotion: Tobacco Use Tobacco companies are targeting DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ,

YOUTH & WOMEN. One billion tobacco users globally and 80% of these live in

LMICs. HEALTH: tobacco affects every organ in the body and is one of

the largest contributors to NCDs (63% of deaths). ECONOMY: governments (health budgets), households

(healthcare for NCDS, tobacco and alcohol use) MORTALITY: South Africa: 44 000 deaths /year (~120 deaths/day) Globally : 6 million/year

> 600 000 of these deaths as a result of Passive smoking INCLUDING CHILDREN!

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NCD Mortality South Africa:

Compiled from: http://www.hsrc.ac.za/uploads/pageContent/3893/NCDs%20STRAT%20PLAN%20%20CONTENT%208%20april%20proof.pdf

REMEMBER! tobacco affects every organ in the body and is one of the largest contributors to NCDs (63% of deaths).

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Tobacco & DevelopmentTable 1: Age-wise Composition of Population in South Africa (in millions)

South Africa Age Group 2010 2015 2030

0-14 30.93 29.25 25.4015-29 29.65 29.16 25.8030-69 36.07 38.42 44.5270& Above 3.34 3.18 4.30

Total 100.00 100.00 100.00

(in millions) 51.62 54.49 60.03

Source: The United Nations, 2015 (Table compiled by Dr. Seema Rath)

Geriatric population therefore increased demands for healthcare needs due to increased prevalence of NCDs

35%: SA economically active population

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Workplace Health Promotion: Alcohol UseRationale for research Women and girls make up more than half the world’s population and are on the

frontlines and often impacted than men and boys by poverty, climate change, food insecurity, lack of healthcare, and global economic crises.

Their contributions and leadership are central to finding a solution.

Alcohol is associated with violence - adolescent girls and young women have been shown to make for the better part of the total due to the violence, discrimination. Although women consume alcohol at lower levels than men, their body composition puts them at higher risk than men of developing some alcohol-related problems, both acutely (because of higher blood alcohol levels from a given amount of alcohol1) and chronically (from alcohol-related organ damage).

Women's bodies are more vulnerable to the toxic effects of alcohol. Women do not have to drink as much alcohol as men or be drinkers for as long a time before their health suffers. Women’s heavy-drinking patterns and alcohol use disorders are associated with increased likelihood of many psychiatric problems, including depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, eating disorders, and suicidality, as well as increased risks of intimate partner violence and sexual assault.

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South Africa

• Current alcohol use was reported to be 41.5% of the men and 17.1% of women. Among women, risky drinking was associated with: urban residence; the Coloured population group; lower education; and higher income.

• For both men and women, highest levels of binge drinking (12.5%) were in the 25 to 34 age group and, for hazardous or harmful drinking. 35% of the entire population is economically active population

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AIM:To work in a collaborative partnership with the Rhodes University Peer Educators to develop and implement a culturally-sensitive and contextually-appropriate workplace health promotion intervention on tobacco and alcohol use for support staff at Rhodes University.

Phase 1 objectives:The objectives of this project are divided into 4 phases:

1. Exploratory phase To assess the successes and gaps in other countries and South Africa in their

approach towards tobacco and alcohol based policies and practices;

To evaluate the existing tobacco and alcohol health promotion policies and practises at Rhodes University;

To establish facilitating and constraining factors related to tobacco and alcohol use at Rhodes University.

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2. Educational health promotion phase

To design a health promotion educational intervention to address tobacco and alcohol use related challenges, as raised by the key stakeholders and peer educators;

To design and test the culturally sensitive and appropriate health information pamphlets to be used in the educational intervention with the Rhodes University Peer Educators;

To design and test a health promotion manual to be used for future health promotion interventions by the Rhodes University Peer Educators.

3. Implementation phase

To conduct FGDs with volunteering Rhodes University Peer Educators for the future implementation of health promotion on tobacco and alcohol use for support staff.

4. Evaluation phase

To identify the constraining and facilitating factors for the resultant tobacco and alcohol health promotion programme by the Rhodes University Peer Educators.

Phase 2 objectives:

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Background to the Peer Educators Participants

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Background to the Peer Educators Participants

Provide Information

Refer

Attend follow-up support, training and discussion meetings

Raise awareness

Distribute pamphlets

Initiate further activities

Liaise with other divisions for possible collaboration

STI

GMA

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Tobacco Peer Educator DemographicsCharacteristics Number of Participants

GenderMale 2Female 9

Age (years)30-40 241-50 651-60 3

RaceBlack 10White 1

Home languageisiXhosa 9English 2

Highest Level of Education

Grade 10 1Grade 11 4Grade 12 5>Grade 12 1Additional/informal courses attended (computer courses-majority)

8

EmploymentFull-time 11Part-time 0

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Alcohol Project Demographics

ALCOHOL PEER EDUCATORS

Race 100% Black African participants

Culture aspects All IsiXhosa first language speakers

Age 42-50 years old

Gender Male – 11% ; Female – 89%

Level of Education Grade – 8 - 12

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Health Information LeafletsDraft 1 Could not identify

Well accepted

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Health Information Leaflets Draft 2

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Health Information LeafletsDraft 2

Did not understand

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Health Information Leaflets Draft 3

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Health Information LeafletsWell

understood

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Health Information LeafletsWell

understood

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• Context specific and Culture Sensitive Approach (the role they take as mothers, lead the family, role in society)

• Influencing health literacy and understanding the consequences of irresponsible use of alcohol and tobacco.

• Developing health information leaflets• Regular interaction with Peer Educators• Capacity building for leadership in the workplace and in communities• Gender Empowerment for Health and Sustainable Development

Conclusion

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ngiyathokoza

ngiyabonga

ke a leboga

ke a leboha

ke a leboga ngiyabonga

ndi a livhuhandza Khensa