expanding the west (1790–1850)

CCALL TOALL TOFFREEDOMREEDOM

HOLT

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON1

Beginnings to 1877

Expanding the WestExpanding the West(1790–1850)(1790–1850)Section 1:Section 1: The Spanish West and Southwest The Spanish West and Southwest

Section 2:Section 2: Texas Gains Independence Texas Gains Independence

Section 3:Section 3: The Lone Star Republic The Lone Star Republic

Section 4:Section 4: Oregon and the Far West Oregon and the Far West

Section 5:Section 5: California and the Southwest California and the Southwest

Chapter 16


HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES How was society structured in Spanish How was society structured in Spanish

California, New Mexico and Texas?California, New Mexico and Texas? What events led to the establishment of the What events led to the establishment of the

republic of Mexico?republic of Mexico? How did the Mexican war for independence How did the Mexican war for independence

affect California and Texas?affect California and Texas?

Section 1: Section 1: The Spanish West and SouthwestThe Spanish West and Southwest


HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Society in Spanish California, New Society in Spanish California, New Mexico, and Texas Mexico, and Texas Society in Spanish California, New Mexico, and Society in Spanish California, New Mexico, and Texas was structured around small villages and Texas was structured around small villages and missions and were heavily influenced by the missions and were heavily influenced by the American Indians.American Indians.



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Events Leading to the Republic of MexicoEvents Leading to the Republic of Mexico Mexico revolted against Spanish rule.Mexico revolted against Spanish rule. Mexico defeated Spanish troops in 1821.Mexico defeated Spanish troops in 1821. Constitution of 1824Constitution of 1824 made Mexico a republic. made Mexico a republic.



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Mexican War Changed Mexican War Changed California and TexasCalifornia and Texas Missions ended and ranches were created.Missions ended and ranches were created. Texas merged with Coahuila to form state of Texas merged with Coahuila to form state of

Coahuila y Texas.Coahuila y Texas.



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Why did many U.S. settlers in Texas rebel Why did many U.S. settlers in Texas rebel

against the Mexican government?against the Mexican government? What were the most important events of the What were the most important events of the

Texas Revolution?Texas Revolution? What was the result of the Texas Revolution?What was the result of the Texas Revolution?

Section 2: Section 2: Texas Gains IndependenceTexas Gains Independence


HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Causes for Texas Rebellion against MexicoCauses for Texas Rebellion against Mexico unjust laws and representation in Mexican unjust laws and representation in Mexican

governmentgovernment increased tariffs on U.S. goodsincreased tariffs on U.S. goods suspension of the republican constitution in suspension of the republican constitution in

18341834



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Important Events of the Texas RevolutionImportant Events of the Texas Revolution Battle of GonzalesBattle of Gonzales Government formed to defeat Government formed to defeat Santa AnnaSanta Anna and and

restore the republican constitutionrestore the republican constitution Fall of the Fall of the AlamoAlamo Battle of Goliad and San JacintoBattle of Goliad and San Jacinto



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Result of the Texas RevolutionResult of the Texas RevolutionThe result of the Texas Revolution was The result of the Texas Revolution was independenceindependence for Texas. for Texas.



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES What difficulties did American Indians and What difficulties did American Indians and

Tejanos face in the Republic of Texas?Tejanos face in the Republic of Texas? What drew new immigrants to Texas?What drew new immigrants to Texas? What economic and foreign challenges faced What economic and foreign challenges faced

the Texas government?the Texas government?

Section 3: Section 3: The Lone Star RepublicThe Lone Star Republic


HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Difficulties of American Indians and Difficulties of American Indians and Tejanos in the Republic of TexasTejanos in the Republic of TexasThe Indians and Tejanos received unfair treatment The Indians and Tejanos received unfair treatment and were forced off the land and had to obey all and were forced off the land and had to obey all Texas laws.Texas laws.



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

New immigrants came because of:New immigrants came because of: land grantsland grants economic opportunitieseconomic opportunities legality of slaverylegality of slavery



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Struggles of the RepublicStruggles of the Republic economiceconomic socialsocial foreign foreign



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Why did Americans first travel to the Rocky Why did Americans first travel to the Rocky

Mountains and farther west?Mountains and farther west? Why did Americans decide to settle in Oregon Why did Americans decide to settle in Oregon

Country?Country? What was life like on the Oregon Trail?What was life like on the Oregon Trail?

Section 4: Section 4: Oregon and the Far WestOregon and the Far West


HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Rocky MountainsRocky MountainsAmericans traveled to the Rocky Mountains and Americans traveled to the Rocky Mountains and farther west for the fur trade, for missionary farther west for the fur trade, for missionary motives, and to seek a better life.motives, and to seek a better life.



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Oregon CountryOregon Country The The fur tradefur trade also drew settlers to the also drew settlers to the Oregon Oregon

CountryCountry. . Settlers also wanted to use the Settlers also wanted to use the Columbia Columbia

RiverRiver and its surrounding land. and its surrounding land.



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

Life on the Life on the Oregon TrailOregon Trail trip was long, dangerous, and costlytrip was long, dangerous, and costly shortage of food, supplies, and watershortage of food, supplies, and water



HOLT


Beginnings to 1877

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES Why did American start traveling to Why did American start traveling to

California in the early 1800’s?California in the early 1800’s? Why did American merchants establish a new Why did American merchants establish a new

route to New Mexico?route to New Mexico? What types of images did frontier artists What types of images did frontier artists

paint?paint?

Section 5: Section 5: California and the SouthwestCalifornia and the Southwest


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Beginnings to 1877

Americans Traveled to CaliforniaAmericans Traveled to CaliforniaAmericans traveled to California in the early Americans traveled to California in the early 1800’s to use as a meeting ground for merchants 1800’s to use as a meeting ground for merchants and traders and to establish permanent and traders and to establish permanent settlements.settlements.



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Beginnings to 1877

Santa Fe TrailSanta Fe TrailThe The Santa Fe Trail Santa Fe Trail was established as a trade was established as a trade route for settlers to the Southwest.route for settlers to the Southwest.



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Beginnings to 1877

Images of Frontier ArtistsImages of Frontier Artists American IndiansAmerican Indians American west and its environmentAmerican west and its environment portraits of portraits of mountain menmountain men


mountain menmountain men – men who trapped animals for fur in – men who trapped animals for fur in the Rocky Mountains and other western regions of the the Rocky Mountains and other western regions of the United StatesUnited States

expanding the west (1790–1850)

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