Expanding the White Man’s Democracy

(1820-1850)Topics to be Covered:

• Jacksonian Democracy• Spiritual Awakenings• Manifest Destiny, Texas, & the U.S. Mexican War

WHAT WE SHOULD ALREADY KNOW…match the events with their proper date before 1820.

1776 1789 1800 1812 1815 1820 1824 1828 1836 1838 1846 1848 1850

Treaty of Ghent

War of 1812 begins

Declaration of

IndependenceElection of Thomas

Jefferson

George Washington inaugurated

NEW STUFF: events that we will learn about in this unit

The Corrupt B

argain

Jackso

n elected

War w

ith M

exico

Missouri C

ompromise

Big News i

n

Californ

ia

Chero

kee

Trai

l of T

ears

1776 1789 1800 1812 1815 1820 1824 1828 1836 1838 1846 1848 1850

Republic of Texas

Jacksonian Democracy

I. Setting the Scene: Politics & Society in the 1820s.

A. The Era of Good FeelingsA. After the war of 1812, politics become less bitter and

confrontational.

B. NO MORE FEDERALISTS= pretty much everyone is under the Democratic-Republican Party.

B. 2 societies become more distinct.

1. The Industrial Revolution= the beginnings of factory wage labor in the north.

2. The Industrial Revolution= the entrenchment of slavery in the south: Cotton is King

C. “the American System”: A plan for managing prosperity and uniting the North & South in one economic system.

1. A protective tariff (heavy tax on foreign imports).• = American-made goods will be cheaper

2. A strong national bank• = A common system of currency and credit.

3. New Infrastructure (canals and roads)• = Transportation systems to ship goods.

A. Nationalism & Sectionalism(Pride in the USA, but the 2 SECTIONS are in tension with each other)

1. Federal government is expanding its power to regulate.

2. Movement of people west: Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin, Michigan.

1820

1840

3. The Missouri Compromise:

a. in 1820: 10 free states, 10 slave states

b. Illinois enters as free state, Alabama enters as a slave state, Missouri is up in the air.

c. North-South tension: Henry Clay works out a compromise: • Maine enters as a free state• Missouri as a slave state• PLUS a new dividing line on the map at 36° 30’ N

latitude= non-slave territory from now on.

• DIRECTIONS: Copy the outline and fill it in for homework using Chapter 7, section 3 of your book. Be sure to give details about each event.

II. The Rise of “Old Hickory”A. Jackson’s Reputation

B. A New Kind of PoliticsA.Voting Qualifications changeB.Jackson’s campaign style

C. The Election of 1824

D. The Election of 1828

A. Jackson’s Inauguration

II. The Rise of “Old Hickory”

A. Jackson’s Reputation• Duels, fights, short temper= rugged,

tough, frontier thug.• Hero of the Battle of New Orleans=

charismatic leader• Poor upbringing= Hero of the “common

man” but he had risen to a wealthy status as a landowner in Tennessee.

The Election of 1824

• Jackson won the most votes in polls and the electoral college

• He did not receive the constitutionally required majority of the electoral vote

• John Quincy Adams struck the “corrupt bargain” with Henry Clay. They made a secret deal to get the support of Congress to vote for JQA, Henry Clay got Sec. of State.

A. The Election of 1828

• Mudslinging: Personal attacks on candidates to turn voters against them. JQ Adams called Jackson a gambler, slave owner, murderer and accused him of treason. He said Jackson’s wife was a bigamist (married to more than one person) and his mother was a prostitute.

• Jackson was successful because he was the first to appeal directly for voter support through a professional political organiser. He held rallies, parades, BBQs etc…

• JQ Adams had support in the North because of the aristocracy- he had support from the wealthy.

• Jackson said his victory was a triumph for democracy and a victory for farmers and mechanics of the country over the rich and well-born.

A. Jackson’s InaugurationA. Inauguration took place on March 4,

1829B. There was no security at the White

House during the inauguration and masses of people showed up. They were drunk and rowdy and they almost tore the president to pieces trying to shake his hand and get refreshments.

C.People assumed Jackson would be reckless and the inauguration served as proof of this. Supporters of JQ Adams used the incident at the inauguration to say that “the people” could not be in charge.

Take out your notebook and open it to yesterday’s notes!