What’s the Matter Part 2What is stuff?

Matter

• EVERYTHING!!!!• Anything that takes up space and has

mass

Substance

• A form of matter that has a definite composition

• All substance is matter, but not all matter is a substance

• How can that be???

MIXTURE – combination of two or more substances

• Homogeneous mixture – A mixture that has the same properties throughout.

• Heterogeneous – A mixture in which substances are not uniform

HETEROGENEOUS or HOMOGENEOUS

• Water (H2O)• OIL AND WATER• KOOL-AID• US IN THIS CLASSROOM!!!!

ELEMENT

• A substance that cannot be broken down any further.

Atom

The basic building block of an element

Compound

• A substance composed of atoms of two or more elements.

H20 –Water

C02 – Carbon Dioxide

NaCl – Sodium Chloride (table salt)

• 1) Johnny Boy desires to see why his clothes sometimes fade more than other times when he is washing his clothes. He buys three different detergents and will record the results. The detergents are what component of the scientific method?

• 2) Define the following as an element,

compound, heterogeneous, or homogeneous mixture: 1) salt water, 2) iron and sand, 3) oil and water, 4) Oxygen, 5) Water, 6) Hydrogen.

The states of matter

• Solid, Liquid and Gas• Gas molecules are the

most spread out, they are closer together in liquids, and most compact (or dense) as a solid

• THE COMPOSITION NEVER CHANGES!!!

Physical versus Chemical Properties

• Physical Property – An observation of a substance that can be observed without transforming the substance into another substance

• Basically, the observations as is

Chemical Property = Change

• Chemical Property – Any property of a substance that cannot be observed unless the substance undergoes a chemical change.

• Basically, you cannot observe a chemical property without changing it.

Physical versus Chemical

• Conversion of Water to Ice• Mixing of Water and Salt• Boiling point of lead• Hydrogen combining with Oxygen to

form water

Extensive versus Intensive

• Extensive – Depends on how much Matter (Mass, Volume, length)

• ADDATIVE

• Intensive – Does not depend on how much Matter (density, temperature)

• NOT ADDATIVE

THINK

• Extensive – a number that pertains to amount. Like how many, how heavy, or how long.

• Intensive – a number that pertains to a character. Like how hot, or how dense

Extensive versus Intensive

• Your Body temperature• Your height• Your weight• The density of ice

Density

• Density = Mass / Volume• D = m / vRemember, that density is intensive.

Therefore does not depend on the mass.

SOLVE d = m / v

• A piece of gold ingot has a mass of 301g and volume of 15.6 cm3. What is the density???

Set Up

• d = m / v• d = 301 g / 15.6 cm3 • d = 19.3 g/cm3

YOU TRY IT!!!!The density of Mercury at room temperature is 13.6 g/mL. What is the mass of a sample of mercury with a volume of 5.50 mL???

ANSWER

• d = m / v• 13.6 g/mL = m / 5.50 mL• (13.6 g/mL) (5.50 mL) = m• 74.8 g = m

Temperature

• Fahrenheit (F°)• Celsius (C°)• Kelvin (k)Kelvin is an absolute numberK = C° + 273.15C° = (F° - 32°) X 5/9F° = 9/5 X (C°) + 32°

K = C° + 273.15C° = (F° - 32°) X 5/9F° = 9/5 X (C°) + 32°

• Convert• 31°C = ______k• 435°F = _____C°• -269°C=_____F°• 234.3k = _____C°