evaluation material for environmental and social … · environmental and social considerations in...

Environmental and Social Considerations in Detailed Planning Survey

(Technical Cooperation for Development Planning)

Item Contents

1. Full title of the

Project

Project for the Master Plan Study on Multiple-Airport Development for

Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area in The Republic of Indonesia

2. Type of the

Study Master Plan

3. Categorization

and its reason

Category “A“ The Project covers study of finding the appropriate site and size for the new

airport, then significant impact is anticipated on the factors such as

involuntary resettlement, noise, and change of land use.

4. Agency or

institution

responsible for the

implementation of

the project

Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DCCA), Ministry of Transportation

(MOT)

5. Outline of the

Project

1) Objectives

(1) To formulate the master plan for airport development for Greater Jakarta

Metropolitan Area;

(2) to Prepare development plans for possible new airport and existing

Jakarta Soekarno-Hatta Airport, and;

(3) To conduct technical transfer to the counterpart personnel in the course of

the implementation of the Study.

2) Justification

The traffic demand of the Jakarta Soekarno-Hatta Airport is increasing

rapidly in recent years, and is expected to reach the capacity limit within 10

years. Enhancement of air transportation capacity is essential for the

economic growth of the Republic of Indonesia.

3) Proposed

Activities

After formulation of the master plan for airport development for Greater

Jakarta Metropolitan Area, plans for possible new airport and Jakarta SH

Airport will be prepared. This Project aims to promote enhancement of air

transportation capacity and thus promote activation of the Indonesian

economic activities.

4) Scope of the

Study

Phase Ia : Analysis of Issues on Airport Development for Greater

Jakarta Metropolitan Area

1. Understanding of Current Situation

2. Air Traffic Demand Forecast and Facility Requirement

3. Demand Capacity Analysis for Existing Jakarta SH Airport

4. Analysis on Environmental Constraints of Existing Jakarta SH Airport

5. Evaluation of Existing Master Plan for Jakarta SH Airport

6. Evaluation of Other Airports

7. Summary of Issues on Airport Development for Greater Jakarta

Metropolitan Area

Phase Ib : Formulation of the Airport System Plan for Greater Jakarta

Metropolitan Area (target year 2030 with intermediate target

years)

8. Development Strategies for Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area

9. Study on Possible New Airport Sites

10. Study on Multiple-Airport System in Other Countries

11. Formulation of the Airport System Plan for Greater Jakarta Metropolitan

Area

12. Conclusion on the Airport System Plan for Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area

Phase II : Preparation of Development Plans for the New Airport and

Existing Jakarta Soekarno-Hatta Airport

13.Development Plan for the New Airport

14. Development Plan for Jakarta Soekarno-Hatta International Airport

15.Action Plans of Related Organizations to implement the Airport

Development Plans for the New Airport and Jakarta SH Airport

16. Conclusion and Recommendation

6. Description of the

project site (maps,

environmental and

social condition,

current issues, etc.)

Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area：

JABODETABEK (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi), and

surrounding areas

7. Legal Framework

of Environmental

and Social

Considerations

(1)Laws,

regulations

and standards

The Environmental Basic Law (No. 04/1982) was the first overall

environmental law to ensure the management and protection of environment,

polluters-pay-principle, and environmental impact assessment. Many other

relevant regulations including the Regulation No.51 on the Environmental

Impact Assessment were enacted during the Fifth National Development Plan

(1988-1994). The Environmental Law No.23 was established in 1997, and the

Law No.32/2009 enforced the Strategic Environmental Assessment.

(2) Relative

agencies and

institutions

The Ministry of Environmental is the leading agency to promote

environmental protection. The environmental management of the local

government is implemented by Environmental Division (BPLHD) of the

regional administration.

8. Provisional

Scoping

This Study covers the development plans for possible new airport and

existing Jakarta SH Airport, however, the location and plan are not specified.

Thus, the provisional scoping was made based on the probable environmental impact. Those impacts should be reexamined after the plans become clearer.

The Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) will be made including the

social consideration when the infrastructure plans are specified. (Refer to

Table 1)

9.Alternatives to the

project activities

including “without

project” option

A wide range of areas will be studied during the Study, but it is not foreseen

at present. Only for example, “without project”, which allows only the

maximum utilization of the current existing airports and no new any airport

construction, might be one of the alternatives if the impact of noise during

construction and aircraft noise during operation is focused, however, the issue

of transportation capacity remains unsolved.

10. Result of the

consultation with

recipient

government

Land acquisition for the new airport might affect farmers’ and/or peasants’

households when the rice field is selected for the site, besides, development

of the airport would provoke development of adjacent areas and consequently

gives social impact to the area. The Indonesian side recognizes this, therefore,

careful consideration should be given to selection of the site.

11.Terms of

Reference for

Environmental and

Social

Considerations

1. This TOR drafts the study items of the Main Study based on the findings of

the preliminary study.

2. This Study aims to clarify the factors and levels of the environmental and

social impact by the Project, then utilize them for determining the appropriate

site and development plans of the new and existing airports.

3. This Study will be made based on the JICA Guideline, taking into

consideration of the concept of the new Environmental Law as well, because

the guideline to implement the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)

regulated in the Law No.32/2009 is not made yet.

4. S/W and M/M agreed that the Study includes ;

1) Study of SEA level for formulating the development plan for Greater

Jakarta Metropolitan Area.

2) Study of IEE level for formulating the development plans for the new

airport and SH airport.

5. Study areas

1) Jakarta SH Airport and the adjacent area,

2) Halim Airport and the adjacent area,

3) Other existing airports in Jakarta Metropolitan Area,

4) Candidate sites for the new airport (5-6 sites)

6. Study includes the factors rated A, B and C shown in the table of

provisional scoping.

7．Tasks

1) Description of the proposed project

2) Description of the environment

3) Legislative and regulatory considerations

4) Determination of the potential impacts of the proposed project

5) Analysis of alternatives to the proposed project

6) Development of management plan to mitigate negative impacts

7) Identification of institutional needs to implement environmental

assessment recommendations

8) Development of a monitoring plan

9) Public participation and inter-agency co-ordination

10) Report

Table 1 Provisional Scoping

No. Item Impact Object

＋

or

－

Period R

atin

g

Study

Social Environment

1 Involuntary

Resettlement

Loss of residence or land caused

by land acquisition for a new

airport or improvement of the

existing airport

Residents in

construction

site

－ Construct A Material / Site

Survey

2 Economic

Activities

Loss of production opportunity

caused by changing the land

use pattern

Residents in

construction

site, and

neighbors

－ Construct

/ Using Ｂ

Material/ Site

Survey

Loss of work caused by change

of economic structure by the

Project implementation

－ Construct

/ Using Ｂ

Material/ Site

Survey

Increase of job opportunity

accompanied by the Project ＋

Contract

/ Using B＋

Material/ Site

Survey

Relocation or decrease of

poverty area ＋ Construct C＋ Material

Upgrading of medical service or

educational environment ＋ Using C＋ Material

3

Land use and

utilization of

local

resources

Lost opportunities of

agricultural land use for

agricultural purpose

－ Using C Material

Change of land use pattern from

paddy field to airport, land is

used more effectively;

＋ Using C Material

4

Social

institutions

and

infrastructure

Change of local

decision-making institutions

Residents in

construction

site, and

neighbors


5

Existing social

infrastructures

and services

Split of living activity by the

new airport and roads, or by the

traffic


6

The poor,

indigenous and

ethnic people

Loss of particular residential

area － Construct C Material

7

Misdistribution

of benefit and

damage

Unequal distribution of benefit,

unbalance of beneficiary － Construct C Material

8 Cultural

heritage

Loss of heritage by changing

the land use pattern

Properties in

construction

site

－ Construct C Material

9 Local conflict of

interest

Increase of local conflict of

interest by the Project

Residents in

construction

site, and

neighbors


10

Water usage or

rights, and

rights of

common

Impact to water usage or

fishery by changing the river

or swamp area

Residents or

fishermen in/near the

site


11 Sanitation

Import of infectious disease by

the domestic or international

travelers Residents in

construction

site, and

neighbors


12

Hazards (risk),

infectious

diseases such

as HIV/AIDS

Increase of risk such as collapse

of ground, cave-in and

accidents, epidemic of disease


Natural Environment

13

Geological and

topographical

features

Change of valuable geological

and topographical features by

cutting and filling the land

Construction

site － Construct C Material

14 Groundwater

Pollution and decrease of water

level by over pumping up of

water,

Construction

site/water

use

－ Construct

Using C Material

15 Soil erosion Outflow of surface soil by rain

after cutting the land and forest

Topography

of

construction

site

－ Construct

Using C Material

16 Hydrological

Situation

Change of flow, quality and

water bed by reclamation and

inflow of waste water

Lakes and

rivers, and

people living

along them

－ Construct

Using C Material

17

Coastal zone,

(mangrove,

coral reef and

tidal flats, etc)

Change of coast by

construction, erosion and

sedimentation of sand

Coast and

people living

there

－ Construct

Using － Unnecessary

18 Flora and

fauna

Impact to ecosystem by

construction and changing the

land use Flora and

fauna in and

around the

site


Impact by emission and noise

caused by traffic increase,

impact to the birds by aircrafts


Mangrove, coral reef, seaweed － Construct － Unnecessary

19 Meteorology Impact to meteorology Citizen － Using C Material

20 Landscape

Change of land by development,

damage to harmony of

landscape by structure

Neighbors － Construct

Using B

Material / Site

Survey

21 Global

warming

Increase of emission caused by

traffic increase by Project

implementation

Citizen － Using - C Material

Pollution

22 Air pollution

Dust from construction site and

the vehicles

Residents in

construction

site, and

neighbors


Increase of emission by traffic

accompanied by the Project － Using C Material

23 Water pollution

Increase of discharge from

construction site and facilities

to river, lake and groundwater

－ Construct

Using C Material

24 Soil

contamination

Impact to human health by

hazardous wastes and heavy

metals disposed inadequately

－ Construct

Using C Material

25 Waste

Wastes and remaining soil from

construction sites, drainage

from facilities

－ Construct

Using C Material

26 Noise and

vibration

By construction machines and

vehicles Neighbors － Construct B

Material

Site Survey

Increase of noise and vibration

by increase of aircraft and

traffic

Residents in

the vicinity

of airport

and roads

－ Using A Material

Site Survey

27 Ground

subsidence

Decrease of ground water level

accompanied by construction

and economic activities

Residents in

construction

site/

Neighbors

－ Construct

Using C Material

28 Offensive odor Odor from waste disposal site

and sewage treatment plant Neighbors －

Construct

Using C Material

Increase of emission by

increase of traffic －

Construct

Using C Material

29 Bottom

sediment

Impact by sedimentation of

discharge from construction

sites and facilities to the rivers

and swamps


Using C Material

30 Accidents

Increase of accidents by

construction vehicles, aircrafts

and traffic of users


Using C Material

Rating：

A : Serious impact is expected.

B : Some impact is expected.

C : Extent of impact is unknown ( Examination is needed. Impacts may become clear as study progresses.).

－：No impact is expected. IEE/EIA is not necessary.

evaluation material for environmental and social … · environmental and social considerations in...

Documents