Ethnicity and RacePart 2

Learning Objectives for Ethnicity and Race Unit

1. Distinguish between race and ethnicity and the concept of what is means to be a member of an ethnic group.

2. Analyze historical and contemporary attempts to classify humans into distinct ‘racial’ categories

3. Assess the importance of geography in examining & explaining patterns of human biological variation

4. Differentiate between prejudice and discrimination. 5. Differentiate between ethnocentrism and bias. 6. Identify how race is socially constructed by different cultures. 7. Apply types of ethnic interactions to classify past and contemporary

events.

Ethnicity and Race, Part 2

Outline of LectureCross-Country View of Race

US, Japan & BrazilFish’s article on Brazil

Journal Entry Assignment, Part 3Terms associated with EthnicityEthnic Tolerance & Conflict

Social Construction of Race:United StatesDescent: _____________________________

Can an individual’s social identity be diverse?

What is ancestry?

Does an individual define their descent, or is social identity assigned socially?

Social Construction of Race:United States

Hypodescent: What does this mean?When do you think this categorized of people

started? What social implications does this concept have?

Social Construction of Race:United States

Hypodescent

Social Construction of Race:United States

HypodescentIn the US, socially

constructed race is fixed at birth

Michelle ObamaDolphus T. Shields, Son of a

slave: M. Obama’s great-great grandfather

Social Construction of Race:United States

US Census Started gathering demographic data in 1790

Social Construction of Race:Japan

Initial thoughts on Japan with respect to (social) race? Diverse, uniform?

Majority group – __________________1.2.3.

Social Construction of Race:Japan

Minority groups have a ________

Examle: _________________

Social Construction of Race:Japan

__________

Social Construction of Race:Brazil

Which country colonized Brazil?Did Brazil have slavery?Yes, African slaves.

Social Construction of Race:Brazil

‘Race’ is _____________Over __________________Based on:

1.2.3.

Journal Entry Assignment

Part 3: Response blog to Fish’s ‘Mixed Blood’ articleArticle available on course website

Terms Associated with Ethnicity

Nation: Previously synonymous ___________________________

State:

Nation and state are ________________

Terms Associated with Ethnicity

Nation-State:

Multi-ethnic communities: Decreasing ____________________________Differences across the globe

Terms Associated with EthnicityBushman of Botswana

Terms Associated with Ethnicity

Nationality:

Terms Associated with Ethnicity

Kurdistan

Terms Associated with Ethnicity

Impact of Colonialism_________________________________

Berlin Conference (1884-1885) Occurred during the New Imperialism periodAlso called the _______________________Results

Results & Consequences

Ethnic Conflict & Tolerance

Assimilation: ___________________Forced Assimilation

Example: Passive Assimilation

______________________

Ethnic Conflict & Tolerance

Assimilation may not occur – what happens then?

Plural societies Interdependent economical niches

Ethnic Conflict & Tolerance

MulticulturalismOpposite of _____________________Cultural diversity is

_______________________________________ traditions Dominant (national) culture &

__________

Important Terms

1.2.3.

Ethnic Conflicts

Described as __________________________

Tangled web – interconnected and multidimensional _____________________________________________________________________________

Manifestations can include violence, war, and ‘ethnic cleansing’

Political, socio-cultural, military, religious, legal, ecological, and other factors

Ethnic Conflict

Example: ________________________ 1) 2) 3) 4) Note: Terrorist groups are generally separate from the actual

conflict. They may contribute to the conflict BUT in many instances the conflict was present prior to these groups developing in, or entering, the region.

Ethnic Conflict & Colonial Legacy

Cultural Colonialism

_________________________________________________________

Altered _____________________________

Genocide

Crime of Genocide was outlined in the International Law in the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide (1948):

“Genocide is a crime of intentional destruction of a national, ethnic, racial and religious group,

in whole or in part.”Other acts associated with genocide are punishable

including incitement of genocide and complicity in genocide

Genocide – A Global Perspective

Examples of genocide? Why do you think some genocides are associated with

wars while others are not? What do you believe is the role of the international

community with respect to a genocidal situation?

Genocide: Bosnian Refugees

Background:1991: Bosnia

declared sovereignty

Bosnian Serb minority boycotted referendum wanted to create a Serb-only republic

Genocide: Bosnian Refugees

Conflict Background: Fighting lasted for three

years Over 2 million

displaced refugees Where did they go?

Tomorrow’s Agenda

Ethnicity and Race in the NewsFind a newspaper story or news media story

on ethnicity or (social) raceBring a hard-copy to class tomorrowGroup work: Be prepared to analyze which

type(s) of ethnic interaction the story is depicting (See ‘Recap 6.2’ on page 147 of Kottak’s book)