et istorika metaxas oxi

8/13/2019 ET Istorika Metaxas OXI

1/158

17

ToKAI O


2/158

ToKAI O


3/158

4

8-43

1919-1939: . . , , . - . .

. 1935 1939. 1938. , ,

.

44-77

28; ,

4

. . 4 1936

. .

. E , ,

;

OY Y Y


4/158

78-123

.

5.30 .. . .A

28 1940. .

.

Y Y

124-159

. : .

1940

. --

.

. .

. .

, .

.

OY Y


5/158

6

ISABD ..

,

Art director


6/158

28 1940 , . .

- : , , , . , , , . . , ,

, . , , .

. , , . , . 4 - ,

.

, , - 28 . , , . ,

. . - . .


7/158

8

.

.


8/158

,

1919-1939: . . , , . -

. . . 1935 1939. 1938. , , .

1918 - ,

. . , , . , : , , , .

, (3 1918), . ,

, , ( ) 1.

), -

. ( ) . -


9/158

10

, - .

- , , - , 1919. , - ., ,

, - 2.

, 26 1917/8 1918 : , , , , , 3. ,


10/158

. , -. , , , - ( , , )4, 5.

, -

: (28 1919), (10 1919), (27 1919), (4 1920) (10 1920). , : , , . , , :

. 19

19


11/158

12

, -

6.

, , . -

- , , . , - -. , : LAllemagnerenonce son existence [ ]7.

, - , ( ), , -, . -

- 1923, , 8.

, . . , - 9.

. ,

.


12/158

- . . , 1870-1871 1914-1918 . - - ,

status quo, .

, . , , . , , 10 11,

. , -

1922. (. Bundesarch


13/158

14

: -, - , 1920. , - , 1922.12

, , - , -

. -

. - ,

.

status quo , , - , - -: ,

, . - ,

. 1925.

,


14/158

. 13, - 14, - - - 15,

, - .

, - . - , -

. - ( 16), ( 17),

- - 1924 ( )18, , , 19 20.

-

. - 16 1925, -, , , -

,


15/158

16

(28 1922).

, .1) , , 2) , 3)

, 4) , .


16/158

, - . - 21. , 1926, , 22, - .

1930

, - , - . ,

1923 , 23. , .

. , , 24. ,

19(


17/158

18

- , , 25. , - , - - 26. ,, -, ,

, , -

27.

- , . , -

. , - 1923-1929 -28, , ,

1920 1930 .

1929 - -. 40 ,

29

. -, - , , . ,

.


18/158

, 30.

. - - . , , - . ,

, . , , 31.

, . 1928 2,6 . , 1930 18,3%,

30 1933


19/158

20

1932 37,3%, 33,1%32. 30 1933 , , , .

- , 33. - , .

. -, , .

-

, - - . . - ,

34. -, , -, , - - .

. , , - , . , , , - , , , - 35. -, , - .

- - - . , .

, - - . , , , (- ) , , , 1920, ,

, -, 36.

,


20/158

. - ,

, . - - .

, , . , 14 1933 . 37.

. , , . ,

. 1934 , .

, , , 38.

, , . 1934 ,

, .

, .


21/158

22

, - 39.

- . 1935 . , , , -

40. - . 1935 - 41, 35% , .

- , - .

-

. , - , - . 1934

- ( ) , , , 42. , , -, , , - 1919-1920.

. 1931, - - , . - -, - . ,

, , - , 43.

- - -

-. ,


22/158

. , 1933 , 44.

,

, - , - . , , , .

1936 -, . 45.

. ,

. 14 19


23/158

24

46. - , ,

.

- , . - . 1920

, - . 1930 , , - - . , - , -

.

, , statusquo. , ,

. - .

, , - 47.

, . -, 1930 -, , -

. - status quo - . 14 1933 , -

, 48.

, - . ,

, , - 1933 1934 , , -


24/158

- 15 1936.

, , .

.

1938


25/158

26

49. - , , - . , , , .

-

, . , ( )

. , , , -

50.

, status quo , , -. , -

2 1935 , , - ,

1934.

.


26/158

. , . - , 1934 , 51.

- , .

- , . , , .

. ,

.

1930 , .

.

. . (1), (2) (4)

( 1933 .


27/158

28

, -. . , -, , 1927 - : 1935 1940 , , 52.

1935

. - 1934, - , , - . , -

: , 1935, -, .

- , - , , .

1935 - , - . , ,

, : ( ) , , 53.

1935, - , . ,

54. , , , - - - ( , ) ,

, -. , , - : , , -, 1933

, .

-, ,


28/158

, . , , - . 1936

. 30 1936 ( ) - : . . - .

. ;55. , , , , : 56.

,

1935 1940 , 1927 . 1940


29/158

30

1937, - . 1936, , - . , , . . ,

- ,

( ) 57.

- -. , - - . , .

, ,

. .


30/158

. ,, - 1936 - - - -- 1934.

, -

, -

1936, 1938 -. , .

.

1935 .


31/158

32

, -. . 12 - 1938 . . -

, 58.

:

, . - , . , , - . -

, : ! , , ! , ! , 59.

, - ,

. 12 1938 3.000.000 - ( ) . -

, - :

.

. , -

-


32/158

, , - . , . -. , . - , -, , 29 1938 , - : 10 -

,, - 60.

. -

. - . - . , - .

- , . -

1914 .

, : , , .

,


33/158

34

, - - . , , -, . 1914 , 1938 . , , - ,

, . . - - . , , , , . -

-, .

: ,


34/158

. 1939 - : - , , . . , - . , 61.

. . - - , ,

'


35/158

36

( ) . ,

.

0 .


36/158

. , , - .

1939 - . , . -

- : ,, . , , . -

.

:

- - . -

, . , 1939 -

, 62. , , . , 63.

. 28

1939 1934 1935. : . , ,

, , 64.

,

1939, . 1939, 23


37/158

38

, . - , : , , , , .

-, 1 1939, , . -, 3

, . , , 17 - , -. , . 28 , , -:

, 65.

. - , . 1940, ,

, , , . - . 26 : .

, - . , - . , - , 10 1940 - , 66.

, .

27 1940 - , - . , .

,

10 1940. - , - . - , , , ( 1940)

, , ( 1940). , : , .


38/158

. .

, ( ) ( )


39/158

40

1939 () ( )

, 1940


40/158

- . - ( ) (, - - ) -, - , . 1934 ,

. 6 1941 - , 67. , - 68.

., : .

22 1941 - 3.000.000 . , , -

69

. ,, ,, , - . ,

(7 1941)

, . , , .

.


41/158

42

1. John W. Wheeler-Bennett, Brest-Litovsk:The Forgotten Peace, March 1918(London: Macmillan, 1938).

2. . HaroldNicolson, Peacemaking, 1919 (Boston/ New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1933), Margaret MacMillan, . (:, 2005).

3. - .United States Department of State, PapersRelating to the Foreign Relations of theUnited States, 1918, Supplement 1, TheWorld War, vol. I (Washington: UnitedStates Government Printing Office, 1933),Address of the President of the UnitedStates Delivered at a Joint Session of theTwo Houses of Congress, January 8, 1918,.. 12-17. - . Thomas J. Knock, To End AllWars: Woodrow Wilson and the Quest fora New World Order (New York: OxfordUniversity Press, 1992).

4. -,

1915 .

5. - - , - - . - , , .

6. , - , (: . , 1997, ), ..565-572.

7. Karl Friedrich Nowak, Versailles(London: Gollancz, 1928), . 228.

8. Harry J. Psomiades, The Eastern

Question: The Last Phase (Thessaloniki:Institute for Balkan Studies, 1968)Michael Llewellyn Smith, : , 1919-

1922 (: - , 2004).

9. Ruth Henig, Versailles and After,1919-1933 (Milton Park / New York:Routledge, 1995), . 52.

10. - . BenjaminD. Rhodes, United States Foreign Policyin the Interwar Period, 1918-1941: TheGolden Age of American Diplomaticand Military Complacency (Westport:Praeger, 2001).

11. - , - .

12. . EdwardHallett Carr, German-Soviet Relationsbetween the Two World Wars, 1919-1939(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1951). . Jon Jacobson, Whenthe Soviet Union Entered World Politics(Berkeley: University of California Press,1994), Theodore H. von Laue, G. V.Chicherin, Peoples Commissar for ForeignAffairs, 1918-1930, Gordon A. Graig &Felix Gilbert (eds.), The Diplomats, 1919-1939, vol. I (New York: Atheneum,1963), .. 234-281.

13. . - Christoph M. Kimmich, Germanyand the League of Nations, The Leagueof Nations in Retrospect / La Socit desNations: Rtrospective (Berlin/New York:

Walter de Gruyter, 1983), .. 118-127.14. . Ingeborg Plettenberg, TheSoviet Union and the League of Nations,The League of Nations in Retrospect,.. 144-181.

15.

- . Gary B. Ostrower, The United States andthe League of Nations, 1919-1939, The

League of Nations in Retrospect, .128-143.

16. James Barros, The land IslandsQuestion: Its Settlement by the Leagueof Nations (New Haven: Yale UniversityPress, 1968).

17. Atle Grahl-Madsen, The League ofNations and the Refugees, The League ofNations in Retrospect, .. 358-368.

18. Philip Noel-Baker, The GenevaProtocol for the Pacific Settlement ofInternational Disputes (London: P. SKing & Son, 1925).

19. Maurice Vasse, La Socit desNations et le Dsarmement, The Leagueof Nations in Retrospect, .. 245-265.

20. 1930 . Alfred ZimmernThe League of Nations and the Rule ofLaw, 1918-1935 (London: Macmillan1936).

21. Jonathan Wright, Locarno: ADemocratic Peace?, Review ofInternational Studies, 36 (2) (2010), .

391-411. . Jon Jacobson, LocarnoBritain and the Security of Europe,Gaynor Johnson (ed.), Locarno RevisitedEuropean Diplomacy, 1920-1929 (London/New York: Routledge, 2004), .. 8-22.

22. Georges Scelle, Une Crise de la Socitdes Nations. La Rforme du Conseilet lEntre de lAllemagne Genve(mars-septembre 1926) (Paris: PressesUniversitaires de France, 1927).

23. James Barros, The Corfu Incidentof 1923. Mussolini and the League ofNations (Princeton: Princeton UniversityPress, 1965). . .

, 1923 Tellini/ (. . , 2009).

24. James H. Burgwyn, The legend of themutilated victory: Italy, the Great War andthe Paris Peace Conference, 1915-1919(Westport: Greenwood Press, 1993).

25. -


42/158

: JamesH. Burgwyn, Italian Foreign Policy in theInterwar Period, 1918-1940 (Westport:

Praeger, 1997).26. . WilliamI. Shorrock, From Ally to Enemy.The Enigma of Fascist Italy in FrenchDiplomacy, 1920-1940 (Kent, Ohio: TheKent State University Press, 1988).

27. -, - (: . , 2000),. 169.

28. Henry Ashby Turner, Stresemannand the Politics of the Weimar Republic

(Princeton: Princeton University Press,1963).

29. . , . - (1871-1945) (:, 1997), . 120.

30. 1929 . John Kenneth Galbraith, The Great Crash,1929 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1954).

31. , - . 21 , (: - , 2009, ), ..

229-230.

32. Eberhard Kolb, The Weimar Republic(London / New York: Routledge, 2005),.. 224-225.

33. . Klaus Hildebrand,The Foreign Policy of the Third Reich(London: Batsford, 1973).

34. , . 143.

35. Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf (Boston:Houghton Mifflin, 1971), . 646.

36. , .. 144-145.

37. Ren Albrecht-Carri, A DiplomaticHistory of Europe since the Congress ofVienna (London: Methuen, 1965), .468.

38. . . , , 1919-1945, (-: , 1971), .. 8-15, 54-55.

39. Albrecht-Carri, . 472.

40. Henry Kissinger, Diplomacy (NewYork: Simon & Schuster, 1994), . 297.

41. Joseph Maiolo, The Royal Navyand Nazi Germany, 1933-39. A Studyin Appeasement and the Origins of theSecond World War (London: MacmillanPress, 1998), .. 35-36.

42. Lisanne Radice, The Eastern Pact,1933-1935: A Last Attempt at EuropeanCo-operation, The Slavonic and EastEuropean Review, 55 (1) (1977), .. 45-64.

43. Yoshihisa Tak Matsusaka, The Makingof Japanese Manchuria, 1904-1932(Cambridge: Harvard University AsiaCenter, 2001).

44. . ThomasW. Burkman, Japan and the League ofNations: Empire and World Order, 1914-1938 (Honolulu: University of HawaiiPress, 2008).

45. , .. 243-249.

46. . - Antony Beevor, The battle forSpain: The Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939(New York: Penguin Books, 2006).

47. -, - , ..77-85.

48. , 10 1930: - (: . , 2010),.. 241-267.

49. . , , 1928-1934: (-: , 1974).

50. , - , 1900-1945, (: ,2002, ), . 243.

51. Albrecht-Carri, .. 480-481.

52. Albrecht-Carri, . 484.

53. -, -

, 194-195.

54. . GeoW. Baer, Test Case: Italy, Ethiopia, the League of Nations (Stanford: HooInstitution Press, 1976).

55. William Safire, Lend Me Your EGreat Speeches in History (New YNorton, 1997), . 318.

56. Baer, . 298.

57. James Thomas Emmerson, TRhineland Crisis, 7 March 1936: A StudMultilateral Diplomacy (London: TemSmith, 1977).

58. Jrgen Gehl, Austria, Germany,

the Anschluss, 1931-1938 (London / NYork: Oxford University Press, 1963

59. David Irving, Hitlers War andWar Path (London: Focal Point, 20. 80.

60. . David Faber, Munich, 19Appeasement and World War II (LondNew York: Simon & Schuster, 2008

61. , .. 272-273.

62. , , .. 262-263.

63. Royal Ministry for Foreign AffaItalys Aggression against GreeDiplomatic Documents (Athens: 19.. 20-21.

64. Albrecht-Carri, .. 533-535.

65. -, . (: . , 20.. 19-36.

66. James Holland, The Battle of Brita(London: Bantam, 2010).

67. Heinz A. Richter, - (

, 1998).

68. John Bierman & Colin Smith, Wwithout Hate: The Desert Campaign1940-1943 (New York: Penguin Boo2003).

69. Irving, .. 407-408.


43/158

44


44/158

.

28 ;, 4

. . 4 1936 . .

. E , , ;

28 1940 .

. 1940, . 4

, . , , . , , ,

.

1871, . 14 . 1890

1897 , , . ,


45/158

46

. 1897 , 1899 - . 1902, , .

, , , 1907, - . -

. , 29 .

- 1915. - -. 1915 .

1916

1915


46/158

1917 - - , - .

. - . , -

.

, , 1917. 19 1921 . .

1916.


47/158

48

4

-, , 1863 1936,

(1925-1926). , , 1.

1912 -

. 1914. 1914 -

, , 2. 1922 1936 5 . ( )

. - (). , , - , - / , .

, ( )

21 1923.

( ., ).


48/158

4 .

, 1922 , . -, 21 1923 - -, . - , . .

1923 . . . ,

, . , 1.284

. . 19

(,


49/158

50

. : - 1923 , - , , 3.

. (

). , - - 4.

- - , - . - , , ,

1.800 .


50/158

- - 1924. 1935 - , 19235.

, 1.800 - - - 6., -

, - 3 1935 97% . 26 1936,

7. - 8.

-

, , -, , 3,94% . 25 1936 -

. , , 30 , 9.

4 1936, , , , : )

) , , 10.

4 ,

. , , . 1923 1935 (

. . 11.


51/158

52

, -, - . - , .

, , : . .

- 12.

1935 - - . , - , -

- 13.

, - ( ) - .

- , , , -, , 1936, - , .

. 22 1936. , -

(), ,

1936

., . . .


52/158

. , , - , -14.

, , , - : , , . , .

, , , , , , - 15.

- ,

-. , . - , ,

16.

- , , .

4 . , 6 1934 , , . 17.

.

. , , , 19 1935 1938,

, . , , 1938 18.

( 1938) ,

: (), , 19.


53/158

54

, , , -. - , 20.

, - - , , -

. , , - . , - , , , . - 21.

1938 ( -

4 .


54/158

) , . - . , , . - : -: . . - , 22.

: , , - - 23.

,

( - , ), , - , . -

, , , -, . , - (

193924.


55/158

56

.


56/158

; , , ;

, , - . , -, , , - , .

, , 4 .

- . -, 25.

, (29 -

, 19 , 10 )., - - 1923

26.

4 . . ,

, , . .

, 27.

, ,

, . 4


57/158

58

- . - , , , 1938 28.

, - , , , . ,

- - 29.

4 . , - ,

,


58/158

. , , .

4 - , . , , ,

. , , 30.

. , 4 , ( )

,


59/158

60

, . , , . . 32.

, , -

( ), 33.

- -, - , . -

4 1937 ( . , )


60/158

, , -34. : , , , 35.

, , , , , -

( ), , 36.

, , 4 . , ,

, (


61/158

62

1930,

37

.

status quo , - . , . -

, - ( ) status quo38.

, 1.200.000 6

.

1928 - - .

. 1938, , - - , - 39. 15/5/1939, ,

40

.

1934 , , status quo - 41. : ,

, - .

-

.


62/158

. - , - , 1936, - 42.

, -

-. , - . - , ,

- . , - ( , ) ( , , , , , ) 43.

1937 35,3% , 26,2% . 10% 13,3,% . , , 25.823 1938 52,8 (48.894).

()


63/158

64

.

-

1938 , - , - . , , 44.

: -

- , - -

. , , , 45.

, - . .. : . - .

: .

, - - - - . .

, - : 46. - 1940 - , ,

47

.

;

: ;

. .


64/158

4 .


65/158

66

, , , -

, , - . . , , 48.

-

: 4 , 4 , , 49.

, 1922, - , . , -

1926-1928, - . - : , -.

. 50.

3 1934 - . -

, . : , , . , , ,

51.

, - , .

. .


66/158

1937. . , .


67/158


68/158

53.

. . .

- . , , , . -

- .

, , - .

, - , , , , .

,

, . - , , , 3 , - - 6 .

- .

, , - . , - , , .

, 28 1940.


69/158

70 70

. - - (

) 30 1940:

, , . A , , . - . . . . v ,

, - .

. . - - , , .

M , . - . , .

. . , . , , -, .

15 -. - .

-. , .

, - . - ,

. , - ,


70/158

1941.

. - . , , , - .

, - v

,

. . .

- , ,

. -


71/158

72 72

, - .

- . , , - , - .

: ov , - (!) .

o . .

, , , - -. , , ,

.

-

, - .

, . , , , - , , - ,

, .

1916, . , , , , -

, , - . . , , -, , , , , .

4 . , , , , ,


72/158

, . , -, , , , . , , , , - .

, , , 1916, - , ,

. - , 1916 , , -, , , .

, , -, ,

- . , . . . .

, , , . - , . ,

, - , . .

, , . 1916 , . -

, , , , . , , . ., - .

Greek WarRelief Association

.


73/158

74 74

. , : , . []

, , , - , . .

, -

. -, , , . , , , . - , . -

.


74/158

, .

. , , , -, . , , . , . . , , , . , ,

. . . . .

, - , , . .

, , , . . . , . ,,

. - . . , . , . .

, .

, , - . - . , - . ,

- , .

. , . - , , , , ,, . , ,

.

. . , , , . . , , - . , :

, .

54


75/158

76

, 1922-1974, , , , 1995.

, (), , , , 2009, . 11-22.

, - (1936-1941), (), , , , 2009, . 215-258.

, , (), ,, , 2009, . 141-180.

, 1 1935 28 1940, , , . 382-383.

, 40,, 1996.

, (2003), : 1922-1940.

, , 2001.

, , . http://

www.ioannismetaxas.gr/Hmerologio.html

, ,1936-1941, , 1939-1941. , , ..

, ,

1922-1940: 4 . 7. , 1770-2000. . . 9-32.

, , (), , , , 2009.

, , ,1941-1944, , .

, , , 40, , 19-20 1991, . 233-248.

, (), 20 , 1922-1940, , , , . 37-123.

Hering Gunnar,

, 1821-1936, , , , 2004.

Close David, , (), , , , 2009, . 13-44.


76/158

Y

1 ,

(),

, , 2009, . 11.2

-

1974,

-

-

1940.

-

(-

-) -

.

3 ,

(-

), 20 ,

1922-1940, , ,

, . 111 ,

(),

, , , 2009, .

60.

4 ,

, (-

), , ,

, 2009, . 144.

5 , .., . 13.

6 , 365 .

7 ,

40, ,

, 1996.

8 , .., . 111-112.

9 , .., . 113.

10 ,

1922-1936. -

, , 1995, . 4.

11 , .., . 17.

12 , .., . 18.

13 David Close, -

, (-

), , ,, 2009, . 23.

14 ,

1922-1974, -

, , , 1995, . 104, Gunnar

Hering, ,

1821-1936, ,

, , 2004, . 1.278-

1.279, , ,

,

1941-1944, , , . 56.

15 , .., . 57-58.

16 , .., . 383.

17 , .., . 107.

18 , .., . 117-118, 109,

126.

19 , .., . 397.

20 .., . 63.

21 , .., . 112-113.

22 , .., . 385.

23 , .., . 115.

24 , 40. ,

, 1996, . 134-137, 143.

25 , .., . 110.

26 , .., . 26-27, -

, .., . 382-383.

27 , .., . 37, 39.

28 , .., . 382-383.

29 , .., . 382-383,

.., . 16.

30 ,

, (),

, , ,

2009, . 65.

31 , .., . 122.

32 , .., . 51, 55.

33 , .., . 49, 6

34 , .., . 117-118.

35 , .., . 65.

36 , .., . 196.

37 ,

, ,

40,

, 19-20

1991, . 235.

38 , .., . 143-145.

39 ,

; http://kars1918.wordpr

com/2012/10/28/oxi-metaxas/

40 , .., . 244.

41 , .., . 14.

42 , .., . 222,

109.

43 , .., . 159.

44 152-156.

45 ,

, .., . 122, 196-197.

46 ,

, .., . 235-236.

47 ,

, .., . 196-197.

48 , . ., . 397.

49 ,

, .., . 240.

50 , , . 116.

51 .., . 14.

52 .., . 47.

53 .

. , . 553.

54 ,

1936-1941, , 1939-1941

, , .., . 357-362


77/158

78

.


78/158

I

.

5.30 .. . .A 28 1940.

. .

- , . , , .

. . , , .

15 19 , , , , , , , .

:

.XXV : 23 , 51 , 131 163

90 , . XXV 90 61 . .. 42.000

:

VIII ,

, 1 , 16 5 . . VIII. 27 39


79/158

80

(), , - VIII .

, () , . - , - .

XXVI , - : 49 , 29

, 19 53 .

XXVI 44.000. 49 29 - , 19 53 .

XXVI - () -. .

3 -

15 1940 ( ),

() (). .


80/158

, - 10.800 20 . - 2 , 1 1,5 .

- , - .

-. ,

-

. . : . , , . , .

05.30 28 .

, VIII ,

VIII , , . , .


81/158

82

, :

, 6 , . -

. - .

( ) .

VIII - ()

-. - . , -

(). : . , ,

, - .

H

.

- .

.

1940.


82/158

, , () . - -

.

- . - - .

, .

24.00 28 - ().

28 29 . -, , . -

29/30 -. .

, , - ! -

, 28 .

30-31 1 -

-. ,

, , . 1 . , , .

(9 1939) VIII ,

, ,


83/158

84

31 VIII :

- . . VIII . .

, ( -;) , .

.

- 2 . 15.00 - , -,

, . . 05.00 3 , , , - . - ,

. .

CV-33

.


84/158

50-60 - 80 30 . , , : , , - . -, , - : .

( ) ( ) -

.

3/4 , , . . . : . , ,

.

.


85/158

86

.

6 7 - 22.00 7 , , .

- : , - . .

8

. - . , XXV . . .

-. -

.


86/158

, , . 29 - . . 31 . - - !

4/5 -

. , , .

6 -

. 7 , . , , , , , . , , : . .

10 12 1940 V

. 12 , , . . 13

31 1941. ()

() 19


87/158

88

, - . VIII , .

, , - -. VIII , - . , -,

. !

-

. - . 2.000 . VIII ( ) . 37 !

, 28 1940,

, - 5 1 6 1 .

1940-1.


88/158

- - , , . , -

. . . . - , , - ,

.

- . - - 28 . . , ,

, - .

, - , - - . , , ,

. . - .

. 88 . .

, ,

, , 28

, , ,

, ( ,


89/158

90

. - , 29 . ,

.

29 -. , . -

. . .

.

- . - . , 29 - ,

VIII .

30 - , . . , - ,

. 30 . - , , . - . 16.00 , , . 31

, . 31 - VIII IX .

1940.

.


90/158

, , - , -, .

- : -, , . , , .

- - .

V .

31 V ,

.

(1 ) , : , .

, , , , : , ,

2

( , ).


91/158

92

. 3 - . - .

5 . 13 - - , , - , , .

, - . , . . , 500,

1.200. - - .

18 - : . , - , -, .

, 18 12!

, 8/9, - .

- .

, , 30 1940


92/158

- . . -

VIII . , , .

- - - Wind of Freedom

( ): , - . 11 . , - , ,

, .

!

-

.

- :

9 ( XXVI ). 11 ( V ).

VIII , V

, (1 19

.


93/158

94

. , XV ., , . .

- - 23 .

- 2 ,

. -

.

06.30 14 - (2247) .

(14-16 ) . 14 - 15 : -

. . - .

18 1940 ( , )


94/158

(17-18 ) 17 - , - 18 XV . . 18 , , - (). . - . , -

. , . . 03.00 19 - . :

, - . - .

(19-21 ) - 21 1878 .

, - . - : 18 , - ,

1211, 18.00, , 50 . 2 .

22 27 . , , 21/22 . 22 .

. : . 17.45 , .

27 .

. 21 , . , . ,

. 30 .

,


95/158

96

1940

, (

, ).


96/158

, .

- , - .

, . , (11

1940). , . - . - , , .

- . (14/15 ,15/16 , 5/6 1941) - (, , , , , -), , ! -

- !

( ) -. (, -

, , , , . , , 200 . / , , Firenze. , , : ,

. , , . . : , . . , . . !

.

. . . 100 . 30 . 70

, .

/ , , 29 . . / ,


97/158

98

, 31 . ( -)

. mare nostrum .

,

. . , , -, . , , .

30 . -

Henschel -, ( ). . - - . . :

. , , . . .

- -

. , , -. PZL 2 1940 .

23 1940( , ).


98/158

. - !

-. - , - . RAF. - .

,

(24-30 ). - . 30 .

24

. , 30 .

. 5 , 7 IV . T (5 ) . . , ,

. , .

( , , . , .

(,).


99/158

100

8 IV - . - : . .

- 6 .

. - .

, - , .

, , - .

. , ( - ), 12 , 1 XVII , -

, , - , 7 XV 30 .

-

. 26 , - ( !). - , , , , - .

. : - . . , -

.


100/158

. . . . - . ;

. . 50 !

13 1940 6 1941, - - . . -

. , : . , , , , .

. , , , (. . , 9 ).

, IV VIII . , , 22 .

, . , .

, ,


101/158

102

, , , ( )

.


102/158

. , , - .

, - , . . 29 .

.

- 1941. . , . -, , -

, . 4 1940 . . 13 1940, , 20 , .

6 1941 -

. , , , 30 50 .

. , , .

. 8 X . XV. XV , . , . , , .

8 . 9 10 . .

:

. .

. , , ,


103/158

104

IV 8 1940


104/158

. : , .

, , , , : , , .

26 -

. . - - . . 2 . 12 , , ,

717 731. .

29 1941 70 . - , , -, .

14

() - , - , . - .

, ,

5 19

23

1940 1220 .


105/158

106

- , . . . , , .

, , - . : , .

, , -

. .

( - . , 40)

8 1941 () - . . .

.

.

, ( , ).


106/158

2 1941 , -. : . . , .

- , , , , .

-. - ,

, -. VIII , , , , . XXV . . . , 15

.

( ,


107/158

108

(,

).


108/158

. XVII, V, I, XV XI -, (): XV XVII VI . , - IV .

9 , I. , 6 , 100.000 -

! 717, 731, - .

717, I , . , , .

06.45 10 , I 73 . ! . .

( . , 731 , ).

11 ,

1940( , ').


109/158

110

-

. 11/12 , - . ., . , . 731 . 00.45 12 ,

731 , . . . . .

T . , . , , , !

, 16,17 18 19 731, , - , . !

731 22.00 20 - XVII , . I 22 , - 24 731 -. .

.

-. 21 : . - . . -. 18

120.000 . , , - ! -

( , ).


110/158

, , !

. - 12.000 .

- .

, . , - .

,

, , , .

, .

( ,


111/158

112

(

,

).

(

,

).


112/158

: , 731. . . , . - .

, - 731. - . , .

. . . , , .

. - . - ,

, - , - . , - , , .

1941 . - . , , - .

. 6 1941 .

, 3

. 7 . 13.30 7 , .

. 12 , , 18

W .

12 .


113/158

114

. - : , , , ( ). - , , , ,

, , -, (. , ). , . 15 - - Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler - . . 17

. ,


114/158

. , -. , - .

. 13 V -, . .

. . ( ). . 16 . 19.00 16 .


115/158

116

.

.


116/158

, - . . - . - . - . -

( 23 ). ,

.

18 :

, .

. . . 20 ,

. .

( ,


117/158

118

, , , 18.00 20 , , : - 18.00 . . - , . - . , , .

.

. .

, - - Leibstandarte. , , , , . 22 -, , , - .

. .

: ( )


118/158

, , , , .

- 23 1941 , - . -, ,

, .

23 . . . , . 2 .

1940-41 ( ,


119/158

120

Leibstandarte-SS Adolf Hitler

Waffen-SS Josef(Sepp) Dietrich,

,

1941.

()

, GeorgRitter von Hengl

(Bundesarchiv).

(

)

(

)

(

)

., 23

1941.


120/158

: . - . : ! . !.

-. - : :

. -; ; , . ; . . , - ( ).

(1) , , .., , 1979.

(2) . : 1940-1941, Kabanas-Hellas, , 1971.

(3)

. (), , , , 2001.

(4) -

, /, 1980.

(5) - , / 1966.

(6) 1940-1941,/ 1984.

(7) : 50 28 1940, 1990

(8) ( , , 2009.

(9)

(), , , 2010.

(10) K . : , . . , , 1987.

(11) : - (1934-1941), , 1960.

(12) : , , , 1999.

(13) Francesco Pricolo:IGNAVIACONTRO EROISMO, (L AVVENTURAITALO-GRECA, OTTOBRE 1940-APRILE1941), Ruffolo, Roma, 1946.

(14) Emanuele Grazzi:L PRINCIPIO

DELLA FINE (L IMPRESA DIGRECIA), Faro, Roma, 1945.

(15) . : , Alvin RedmanHellas, , 1967.


121/158

122

1940.


122/158

(16) 1908-1944,/. . , , 2000.

(17) . : 1940-1944, , 2009.

(18) . -. : 40-41, .

(19) . : 1940-41, , 2004.

(20) : , 2003.

(21) :

, 1990.

(22) . : .

(23) Trevor-Rope:HITLERS WARDIRECTIVES 1939-1945, Pan Books 1966.

(24) MarioCervi: THE HOLLOW LEGIONS,Doubleday & Company Inc 1971.

(25) Compton MacKenzie:WIND

OF FREEDOM, London 1944.

(26) - ,/, , 1966.

(27) .. .: 731, , , 2007.

(28) . : 731, , , 2007.

(29) - : 731, . , , 2009.

(30) 1940: (), , , 2008.

(31) : - 731: 40, 28/8/2009 ( ).

(32) 1897-1974: , / 201

(33) :1940 (), 20, 2010.

(34) : 1940; , Historical Ouest, 2012.

(35) .


123/158

124

.


124/158

. : .

1940

. -- . . . . . , . .

15 1940, , , -

, , -

, . . - : .

, ,

, . . , -, , . , , , ,

.

. , , , . .

, , , , . , .


125/158

126

, , , , . - , - 1, .

:

: ;

: 70.000 ,

. - 30.000-, .

: :

;

: , . , , . .

: -, .

: - . , 300 , .

: , - . .

: - .

: : -, ;

: .

: -

,

, .


126/158

. ;

: -

: . -, . - , .. . - ().

: .

.

: .()

: ;

: 24!

: 24 !.

15 .

- 1939,


127/158

128

1939.


128/158

- , , . -,

. . - , , , . - , -

. - , , , .

.

, . , , , -, -,

. , , : - - -

, , , , .

. , ,

, . , , ,

. . 33249/9, 22 1940, 18:3

,

. 28 . 26 .

,

.

28

(

, 22 1940


129/158

130

, ,

.

.

.


130/158

. - , .

- . -, , 2, , - , , .

. , - .

, , . 30.000

. , - , . - , , .

: - . .

28 O 1940,

, K T .

28 O 1940 A 140.000 ,

, A . O 100.000 - 20.000 25.000 - . I


131/158

132

E, (22 , 61, 2,5 15 16,5 ), (5 , 6 2 1,5 ), M- (17 24 22 22,5 - E). T , , , -, , .

-

, 80.000 , . , 8 - , 1939,

- . , -

- .

, , -. , , , - 300.000 400.000.

. , 1941, -

.

,

28

1940.


132/158

. 1940, , . - , - . , .

T , - 1939,

. , , - , . - , ,

. , .

. , ,

, . - - ,

300.000


133/158

134

. - , , . -

, - , .

. . -

, , , -

. , - -

. , . - - .

- . - .

.


134/158

, T , -

. , , - - . , , -

. , , , .

- -

. , , . .

. 1


135/158

136

. - - .

, , - . - .

. , , ,

.

:

, 131 - .

, , CV L, , - , , , .

. - -, , . 3 , , , ,

.

. - .

.


136/158

.


137/158

138

Corriere

della Sera 2

1940.


138/158

, . - , , , , - .

, . 3

.

. 5 , , . !

. 9


139/158

140

:

, , .

, , - , - - 5 , . - , , !

, , - . -

, . - - . , , : .

, .

Il Popolo

d Italia (6

1940).


140/158

, - - . , - . -. 9 - , . - ,

, - .

700 .

3 , 51, . , , , 19 1940,

. , ,

.


141/158

142

. , , .

1950. -

, . - - . - ,

. , .

1950 , , - . ,

. , , , , : . ,

T . .


142/158

-. , 1940.

, , - .

, - 1922 , -.

- 25 . . - - . , , . -

. ,, . , - . , - .

- . , 31 32. , , ,

.

. 29, , , , . , ,

.


143/158

144

1 3 . , .


144/158

.

, . 900 - . . - . 32 - .

1 ,

- . - . 1 . - .

.

, ( ..) . ( ) 300 3 .

, , .

4, . 5 . 32 . .

..


145/158

146

.

.


146/158

- . - . .

6 - -. . - - . .

. : -

.

8 , , . . . , , ( ). , ,

-- .

9 , ,


147/158

148

.

.

LaDomenica delCorriere 6

1941.


148/158

, , , - - . .

, , . , ( ..) .

-

. -. . , , - - . -

. ;, .

- - , -, . .

; ; -

. .

10 11 .

. , .

.


149/158

150

. , ; - , 4.

, . 11 , - , .

12 . -.

- : - . , , . -

. . . - . !

13 - . - 105 . -

31 . 17 ! ( 2 ). .

, 14, - .

-, , -


150/158

, .

15 , - ,

, , . . . , -, .

, . , .

: ,


151/158

152

16 , - .

- . , ,

-

. . , .

Guide

.

La TribunaIllustrata 2

1941.


152/158

, .

17 . , - , , . . . , , : - ,

, . , .

-. .

. , - - . , .

18

. . -. , ,

. . 5. , , , .

. 3 , . .

. , . .

19 , . .

. . . .


153/158

154

.

LaDomenicadel Corriere

(27

1941).


154/158

. , - ( ..), , - . 32 . , , . -. - -

- .

- . - .

. - . . , . . , , -, , , ,

- .

. , , - ,

. : . : , , . , .

22 .

. ( ), , , . ( ) . .

, .

. ,

, . , . , ,


155/158

156

-. , .

- . . , , - . ,

. - : .

. , - , , -

La Tribuna Illustrata

(15 1940):

.


156/158

. , . . ,

. , , - .

, -

. , , .

, . , , , .

. La Tribuna Illustrat(23 1941).


157/158

158

. .


158/158

. - , - .

. , , - . -. .

22 , 26 ,

, , . . - .