environmental impact assessmentenvironmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/eia/05032019pv...1.1...

Environmental Impact Assessment for

Enhancement in Production of Grain Based Distillery

(100 KLPD to 130 KLPD)

at

Plot No. B-1, M.I.D.C. Lonand, Taluka - Khandala, District - Satara

State - Maharashtra (India)

Season : December 2017 to February 2018

Project Proponent:

M/s. Privilege Industries Limited HDIL Towers, IIIrd Floor, A Wing, Anant Kanekar Marg,

Station Road, Bandra (E), Mumbai-400051

February, 2019

File no.: 11011/381/2007-IA II (I) dated 5th August 2018

FINAL REPORT AFTER PUBLIC HEARING

Environment Consultant:

M/s. Sri Sai Manasa Nature Tech Pvt. Ltd. (Certificate no.: NABET/EIA/1720/RA0111 valid till 05.08.2020)

Plot No. 74/A, Flat No 102, Central Bank Building

Kalyan Nagar, Hyderabad 500038

E-mail: [email protected] , web: www.ssmntech.com

Contact no. 040-2316333, Fax No.: 040-23816222

DECLARATION OF CONSULTANT Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA report for M/s. Privilege Industries Limited Enhancement in Production of Grain Based Distillery (100 KLPD to 130 KLPD) at Plot No. B-1, M.I.D.C. Lonand, Taluka - Khandala, District - Satara State - Maharashtra India) . 5(g) distillery project Category-"A" As per EIA Notification 2006 and its Amendment there of.

I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the above EIA. EIA Coordinator Mr. Vipin Kumar

Signature

Date Period of involvement Contact information

24/02/2019Dec 2017 to Feb 2019

Functional Area Experts

S.No.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Functionalareas

AP

WP

SHW

SE

EB

Name of Expert

Mr. Vipin Kumar

Dr. CH Rajani Kumari

Ms. Reshma Thakur

Mr. A.Mohan Reddy

Dr. CH Rajani Kumari

Involvement (period and task)

Site visits followed by selection of monitoring locations, Supervision of air quality monitoring, Identification of probable impacts of different air emission from the plants/ facilities proposed, suggesting most suitable control device and contribution to EIA documentation. Site visit & supervision & checking of sampling locations for surface water & Ground water samples & their analysis results, Water use auditing, water balance, water budgeting, water conservation and developing scheme for reuse of water, identification of impacts, finalization of mitigation measures and contribution to EIA documentation. Identification of waste generated from the site, confirming adequacy of mitigation measures for management of hazardous waste and contribution to EIA documentation Conducting baseline socio-economic surveys through interviews/ questionnaire from the surrounding area/villages of the proposed project, impact identification and mitigation measures for incorporating to EIA documentation Site visit and conduct of ecological survey and preparation of status report for rare endangered and threatned species of animals and plants and also species protected under national laws, assessment of the impacts of proposed project activities on the biological environment and contribution to EIA documentation

Signature and Date

S. No.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

Functional areas

HG

GEO

SC

AQ

NV

LU

RH

Name of Expert

Mr. N.H. Reddy

Dr. N.H. Reddy

Mr. Sunderao Duggaraju

Mr. Subramanyam Adapa Mr. Subramanyam Adapa

Mr. Subramanyam Adapa

Mr. K. Raji Reddy

Involvement (period and task) Understanding and representing groundwater conditions, supervision of groundwater sampling locations,

Signature and Date

finalization of survey findings, /\/ ��identification of impacts, suggestion of mitigation measures and contribution to the EIA documentation Identification of impacts, suggestion of mitigation measures and /\/ �..t.-':t-contribution to the EIA documentation cl Site visits followed by selection of monitoring locations, Supervision of soil quality monitoring, Identification of probable impacts of different air emission from the plants/ facilities proposed, suggesting most suitable control device and contribution to EIA documentation. Evaluation of meteorological data with collected secondary data, modeling )

and prediction, identification of J7o ..., t,., impacts, finalization of mitigation I �- S:, measures and contribution to EIA � · documentation Checking of noise sampling results, .,. J � analysis of data, identification of I L , �. OU I � impacts and mitigation measures, and 'f? / contribution to EIA documentation. Generation and analysis of data related to land use pattern. Development of landuse maps of study area using ArcGIS / related tools, site visit for ground truth survey, finalization of landuse maps, contribution to EIA documentation. Identification of hazards and hazardous substances Preparation of impacts diagrams & mitigation measures, preparation of disaster management plan, contribution to EIA documentation. Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization/ authorized person

I, Dr. CH Rajni Kumari, hereby, confirm that our experts prepared the EIA report for M/s. Privilege Industries Limited Enhancement in Production of Grain Based Distillery (100 KLPD to 130 KLPDat Plot No. B-1, M.I.D.C. Lonand, Taluka - Khandala, District - Satara State - Maharashtra India. I also confirm that I shall befully accountable for any mis-leading information mentioned in this statement.Signature Name Designation Name of the EIA Consultant Organization NABET Certificate No. & Valid Date

��a., �- � Dr. CH Rajani Kumari Mainaging Director Sri Sai Manasa Nature Tech Pvt. Ltd. Plot No. 7 4/A, Flat No. 102, Central Bank Building, Kalyan Nagar, Hyderabad - 500038 NABT/EIA/1720/RA0111 VALIED TILL 05/08/2020

Environmental Impact Assessmentfor

Enhancement in Production of Grain Based Distillery (100 KLPD to 130 KLPD)

at Plot No. B‐1, M.I.D.C. Lonand, Taluka ‐ Khandala, District ‐ Satara

State ‐Maharashtra (India)

Project Proponent:

M/s. Privilege Industries LimitedHDIL Towers, IIIrd Floor, A Wing, Anant Kanekar Marg,

Station Road, Bandra (E), Mumbai‐400051

September, 2018

Executive Summary

Environment Consultant:

M/s. Sri Sai Manasa Nature Tech Pvt. Ltd. (QCI/NABET Accredited Vide S. No. 140,Dated 15.06.2018 displayed on NABET website )

Plot No. 74/A, Flat No 102, Central Bank BuildingKalyan Nagar, Hyderabad 500038

E‐mail: [email protected] , web: www.ssmntech.comContact no. 040‐2316333, Fax No.: 040‐23816222

Draft EIA for Enhancement in Production of Grain Based Distillery (100 KLPD to 130 KLPD) at existing premises i.e Plot No. B-1, M.I.D.C. Lonand, Tal. Khandala, Satara District in the State of Maharashtra. M/s. Privilege Industries Ltd.

Sri Sai Manasa Nature Tech (P) Ltd., Hyderabad ES-1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process, used to identify the environmental, social

and economic impacts of a project prior to decision-making. It is a decision making tool, which

guides the decision makers in taking appropriate decisions for proposed projects. EIA

systematically examines both beneficial and adverse consequences of the proposed project

and ensure that these impacts are taken into account during the project designing.

1.1 Environmental Clearance

As per the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA); Notification S.O. 1533, 14-09-2006 issued

by MoEFCC, Government of India, the proposed Grain based distillery expansion project is

categorized as Category – A project, which mandates obtaining prior Environmental Clearance

from MoEFCC, GOI, NEW DELHI.

1.2 Terms of Reference

M/s. Privilege Industries Ltd.(PIL) submitted the application for Environmental Clearance as per

the new notification along with prescribed Form1, proposed Terms of Reference for EIA study

and pre-Feasibility report on the project in 3rd July 2018. The Expert Appraisal Committee

considered the project and issued the Standard Terms of References vide letter no. IA-J-

11011/381/2007-IA-II (I) on dated 5th August 2018 and prescribed Terms of References is

incorporated in the EIA report.

1.3 Brief Description of Project

Privilege Industries Limited is proposing to expand the existing 100 KLPD production to 130

KLPD at existing premises i.e Plot No. B-1, M.I.D.C. Lonand, Khandala Mandal, Satara District in

the State of Maharashtra. Total land is available with PIL is 8.0710 ha. No additional land is

required for the proposed enhancement. The project location map is given in Figure 1, and 10

km study area map is given in Figure 2.

Product Details and Raw Material details

Particulars Existing Quantity Proposed Quantity After Enhancement

ENA/RS/MS/AA 100 KLPD 30 KLPD 130 KLPD

Grain 260 TPD 50 TPD 310 TPD



Project Proponents

Privilege Industries Limited (PIL) was incorporated in 2005 with a vision to garner a reputation

in excellence, innovation and consistency in the spirit and beverage industry. Distilling and

Brewing are our forte and we have built a foundation on high quality, best practices and

cutting edge technology. With passion and drive to succeed, coupled with some exquisite

blends - the possibilities are endless.

PIL was incorporated with a dream to build a reputation for excellence, innovation and

consistency in distilling and brewing. With the Indian spirits market on the threshold to soar

multi-fold, for premium as well as mass market brands, it makes sense to launch our brands in

market segments with the most potential. Continuing with PIL's custom of getting an early

advantage, we took the challenge and got down to business.



Figure 1: Project Location Map



Figure 2: 10 KM Study Area Map of the Project Site



2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Raw Material Requirement The raw materials required for the grain based distillery:

Grains – Broken rice, Maize, Bajra, Jowar, barley etc.

Enzymes and Chemicals

Steam

Water

Fuel

Power etc.

The working days of the plant are 330 days per year. The raw material requirement per day is

given in Table 1.

Table 1: Raw Material

Description Exiting Proposed Total

Grain 260 T/day 50 T/day 310 T/day

Land 80710.0 m2 - 80710.0 m2

Fresh Water 1150 KLD - 1150 KLD

Fuel 80 TPD 50 TPD 130 TPD

2.2 Steam Balance

The Steam balance is given in Table 2.

Table 2: Steam Balance

Sr. No. Description Total

1 Liquefaction 110

2 Fermentation 5

3 Distillation 315

4 MEE 122

5 DDGS dryer 120

Total 672

2.3 Utilities

Water Requirement

The water requirement in the project will be for Process, cooling purpose, domestic

consumption. The existing unit requires 1150 KLD of water and after enhancement water

requirement will remain same. This requirement will be met from MIDC, Lonand.



Water Balance

Industrial waste water will be treated in MEE and ETP. The treated water will be used in

process. Domestic waste water will be sent to the septic tank followed by soak pit. Zero

Discharge norms will be followed.

Land Requirement

PIL has acquired 80710.0Sq.m of land in MIDC Lonand. The proposed enhancement activity will

be established within the existing plant area only. The land breakup details are presented in

Table 3.

Table 3: Land Break-up Details

S No Particular Existing

(Sq.m) Proposed

(Sq.m) After Enhancement

(Sq.m)

1 Plant Area 35299.62 - 35299.62

2 Greenbelt 26725.00 - 26725.00

3 Parking and Open Area 18685.38 - 18685.38

Total 80710.00 80710.00

Power Requirement

The existing power requirement is 4.0 MW and no additional power will be required for

proposed enhancement. The power will be sourced from the Captive Thermal Power Plant.

Man Power Requirement

M/s. Privilege Industries Pvt. Ltd. is already having man power of 235 nos where 110 are direct

employees and 125 Indirect employees. There will be an additional employment of 20 man

power.



2.4 Technology and Process Description

The manufacturing process is shown in Figure 3.

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Figure: 3 -Manufacturing Process of Grain Based Alcohol

3.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Baseline environmental studies were conducted in the proposed project area and in the area

within 10 km radius from the proposed expansion project area to assess the existing

environmental scenario in the area. The baseline environmental quality data for various

components of environment, viz. Air, Noise, Water, Land were monitored during March to

May 2018 in the study area covering 10 km around the Plant area.

Product- 130

KLPD

DDGS –by

Sale as Cattle

feed

DWGS



3.1 Meteorology & Ambient Air Quality

Summary of the Meteorological Data Generated at Site

Summary of Site Specific Wind Pattern

3.2 Ambient Air Quality Status

The status of ambient air quality within the study area was monitored for the period of March

to May 2018 at 8 locations including the Plant area and in nearby villages. Total 8 sampling

locations were selected based on the meteorological conditions considering upwind and

downwind directions. The levels of Respirable Particulate Matter (PM10), Fine Particulates

(PM2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2,) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX) were monitored. The minimum

and maximum values of monitoring results are summarized in Table 4.

Table 4: Summary of Ambient Air Quality Results

Name of Village (s) PM10 (µg/m3 )

PM 2.5 (µg/m3)

NOx (µg/m3)

Max. Min. 98th % Max. Min. 98th % Max. Min. 98th %

Project Site 81.3 57.3 80.0 41.1 32.1 41.0 29.7 20.1 29.7

Padegaon Village 76.3 63.1 75.8 42.3 32.5 42.3 28.0 18.0 28.0

Andori Village 65.9 50.8 65.3 39.7 30.7 39.7 25.8 18.3 25.7

KhedBhudruk 71.3 50.2 70.4 37.6 30.1 37.6 28.0 20.2 28.0

Nimbodi Village 68.5 55.6 67.9 37.8 28.5 37.7 24.0 18.0 24.0

Tambave Village 71.3 58.6 70.8 39.6 31.5 39.0 30.4 20.1 30.3

Chamarwadi Village 64.9 55.4 64.9 35.8 22.8 38.0 25.2 18.9 25.2

Lonand 77.6 52.5 76.1 39.8 28.6 39.7 28.0 18.2 27.9

Standards 100 60 80



Name of Village (s) SO2 (µg/m3 )

Carbon Monoxide (CO) mg/m3

Min. Max. 98th % Min. Max. 98th %

Project Site 18.3 12.2 18.2 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50

Padegaon Village 19.9 12.4 19.3 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50

Andori Village 17.9 12.4 17.7 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50

KhedBhudruk 20.0 16.3 20.0 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50

Nimbodi Village 17.9 12.5 17.7 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50

Tambave Village 17.8 10.3 17.6 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50

Chamarwadi Village 17.5 10.1 17.0 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50

Lonand 17.5 10.5 17.5 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50

CPCB Standards 80 4.0

From the above results, it is observed that the ambient air quality with respect to PM10, PM2.5,

SO2 and NOx at all the monitoring locations was within the permissible limits specified by

CPCB.

3.3 Ambient Noise Levels

Ambient noise level monitoring was carried out at the 8 monitoring locations; those were

selected for ambient air quality monitoring. The monitoring results are summarized in Table 5.

Table 5: Summary of Ambient Noise Level Monitoring Results [Leq in dB(A)]

S.

No

Name of the place

Category of Area/zone

Day Time

In Leq dB (A)

Night Time

In Leq dB (A)

CPCB Standards (Day time)

CPCB Standards

(Night time)

1. Project Site Industrial 69.3 60.3 75dB (A) 70dB (A)

2. Padegaon Village Residential 54.2 46.8 55dB (A) 45dB (A)

3. Andori Village Residential 54.6 45.4 55dB (A) 45dB (A)

4. KhedBhudruk Residential 54.9 44.1 55dB (A) 45dB (A)

5. Nimbodi Village Residential 53.8 42.9 55dB (A) 45dB (A)

6. Tambave Village Residential 53.5 43.2 55dB (A) 45dB (A)

7. Chamarwadi Village Residential 54.0 43.6 55dB (A) 45dB (A)

8. Lonand Commercial 58.7 48.7 65dB (A) 55dB (A)

3.4 Surface and Ground Water Resources & Quality

Surface Water

pH is observed in the range of 7.89 to 8.24 and conductivity varied from 396 to 820 mhos/cm.

Chloride and Sulphate were observed to be in the range of 49.98-102.47mg/l and from 22.11-

42.60mg/l respectively. The heavy metal contents are found to be negligible. Water quality is

excellent but it is not potable due to presence of coliform. It can be used for drinking purpose

after installing bacteriological treatment devices at individual or at community level.



Ground Water

Sampling was carried out at 8 locations during the study period. Sampling and analysis was

carried out, as per standard methods and frequency of the sampling was thrice/stations. The

summary of the results are presented below: pH in ground water sample was observed to be in

the range 6.98 to 8.03 while conductivity was observed in the range of 652- 1157S/cm. The

value of alkalinity and hardness were observed in the range of 132 – 160 mg/l and 158 to 170

mg/l respectively. Whereas the heavy metals were found to be within the limits.

3.5 Land use Land Cover classification

The Land Cover classes and their coverage are summarized in Table 6.

Table 6: LU/LC Classes and their Coverage in SQ. km of 10 km Radius)

S. No.

Class Area (Ha)

1 Water Body 835.63

2 Settlement 768.56

3 Barren Land 3694.14

4 Open scrub 3407.23

5 Fallow land 7410.68

6 Agriculture Land 15290.56

Total 31406.8

3.6 Soil Quality

Sampling was carried out at 8 locations during the study period. The summary of the results are

presented that pH in soil sample was observed in the range 6.40 to 8.97 while bulk density was

observed in the range of 1.16 -1.36 g/cc.

3.7 Biological Environment

Rare and Endangered Flora in the Study Area

The IUCN Red List is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation

status of plant and animal species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of

thousands of species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of

the world. With its strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most

authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity. Among the enumerated flora in the

study area, none of them were assigned any threat category, by RED data book of Indian

Plants. (Nayar and Sastry, 1990) and Red list of threatened Vascular plants (IUCN, 2010; BSI,

2003).



3.8 Socio-economic Environment

Information on socio-demographic status and the trends of the communities in the 10 km

radius was collected through primary social survey and secondary data from census 2011 &

village directory 2011. Summary of the socio-economic status of the study area is given in

Table 7.

Table 7: Population Details

S.No. Demographic Parameters District Details

No.s & % 10 km Radius Area

Details

1 States Maharashtra

2 District Satara

3 No. of Taluka 11 1)Khandala 2) Phaltan

4 No. of Total Villages 216 30

5 Total No. of Households 6,53,735 15,873

6 Total Population 1506843 60807

7 Sex ratio Male Female

15,10,842(50%) 14, 92,899(50%)

38,126 (51%) 36656(49%)

8 Scheduled castes 3,23,236(10.76%) 8,072(10.79%)

9 Scheduled Tribes 29,635(0.98%) 1,085(1.45%)

10 Literate 9,17,709(74.09%) 56,195 (75.15%)

11 Main Worker 13,54,947(87.41%) 31,493(91.89%)

12 Marginal Worker 1,70,540(12.58%) 5,184(8.11%)

13 Non Worker 9,82,757(58.15%) 2,78,26(54.50%)

4.0 MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 AIR Pollution Control Measures

Following measures will be taken to control air/fugitive pollution during operation:

Stack height would be approx.. 50 m for gaseous emission confirming to the CPCB norms.

D. G. Sets, stack height of 3.0 m above the roof level will be maintained.

Stack emission level will be kept within permissible limit by installation of ESP and online

stack emission monitoring will be done.

Ambient air quality and stack emission would be regularly monitored and effective control

exercised, so as to keep limits on stack emission loads would be met honestly at all the

time.

In order to avoid fugitive emissions from different sources, water will be sprayed. Also the

roads within the premises will be concreted to prevent dust emission.



The ambient air monitoring will be carried out regularly in the work zone and surrounding

areas, to check that ambient air levels of the contaminants, are well below the stipulated

norms.

Green belt around the periphery and within premises will be developed which will help in

attenuating the pollutants emitted by the plant.

4.2 Water Quality Management

The proposed project would be based on “Zero Liquid Discharge” (ZLD)

4.3 Noise Pollution Control

Various components of industrial operations will cause some amount of noise, which will be

controlled by proper maintenance and compact technology.

i. Time to time oiling and servicing of machineries will be done.

ii. Acoustic enclosure for Turbine and D.G. sets will be provided.

iii. Green belt development (plantation of dense trees across the boundary) will help in

reducing noise levels in the plant as a result of attenuation of noise generated due to

plant operations, and transportation.

4.4 Greenbelt Development and Plantation

About 33% of the plant site will be developed as green belt.

4.5 EMP and CER Details

Details of environment management plan are given in Table 8 and CER in Table 9.

Table 8: EMP Budget

S. No. Item Recurring Cost /Annum(Lac)

Capital Cost (Lac)

1 Air Pollution Control 130 400

2 Water Pollution Control 45 1455

3 Noise Pollution Control 0.15 3

4 Environment Monitoring and Management

2 3

5 Occupational Health 5 10

6 Green Belt 2.75 10

7 Safety Management 0.5 10

8 Laboratory and chemicals 30 3

Total 215.4 1894



Table 9: EMP Budget

Activity Identified(under Proposed Expansion) ESC Budget (Lakhs)

Drinking Water facility in nearby Villages 10.0

Health Checkups to nearby Villages 10.0

Vocational Skill Development programmes 10.0

Plantation in surrounding villages 7.5

Total 37.5

5.0 CONCLUSION

As discussed, it is safe to say that the project is not likely to cause any significant impact on the

ecology of the area, as adequate preventive measures will be adopted to contain the various

pollutants within permissible limits. Green belt development around the area will also be

taken up as an effective pollution mitigative technique, as well as to control the pollutants

released from the premises of the project.

----------------

Final EIA for Enhancement in Production of Grain Based Distillery (100 KLPD to 130 KLPD) at existing premises i.e Plot No.

B-1, M.I.D.C. Lonand, Khandala Mandal, Satara District in the State of Maharashtra. M/s. Privilege Industries Limited

Sri Sai Manasa Nature Tech (P) Ltd., Hyderabad i

CONTENTS

S. No Chapters Page. No.

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMERY

1.0 INTRODUCTION CH1-1

1.1 Purpose of the Report CH1- 1

1.2 Identification of Project & Project Proponent CH1- 2

1.3 Project Cost CH1- 2

1.4 Nature, Size and Location of Project Site CH1- 2

1.5 Project Importance CH1- 6

1.6 Site Selection CH1- 6

1.7 Scope of study CH1- 7

1.7.1 Methodology of EIA CH1- 7

1.7.2 Micro Meteorology CH1- 8

1.7.3 Ambient Air Quality CH1- 8

1.7.4 Noise Environment CH1- 9

1.7.5 Water Environment CH1- 9

1.7.6 Land Environment CH1- 9

1.7.7 Biological Environment CH1- 9

1.7.8 Socio- Economic Environment CH1- 10

1.7.9 Prediction of Impacts, Environmental Management Plan & Disaster

Management Plan

CH1- 10

1.8 Compliance to The Terms of Reference CH1- 11

2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Type of Project CH2-1

2.2 Need for the Project CH2-1

2.3 Location of the Project & Site Layout CH2-1

2.4 Size or Magnitude of Operation CH2-5

2.5 Raw Material Requirement CH2-5

2.5.1 Source of Raw Materials CH2-6

2.6 Utilities CH2-6

2.6.1 Water Requirement CH2-6

2.6.2 Land Requirement CH2-6

2.6.3 Power Requirement and Fuel Requirement CH2-7

2.6.4 Steam Requirement CH2-7

2.6.5 Man Power Requirement CH2-7

2.7 Technology and Process Description CH2-8

2.7.1 ENA/RS/MS/AA Production Process CH2-8

2.7.2 Co-Generation Power Plant CH2-12

2.8 Plant Facilities & Other Requirements CH2-16

2.8.1 Raw Material Receipt and Storage Yard CH2-16

2.9 Justification of Production Enhancement CH2-16

2.10 Description of Mitigation Measures CH2-16

3.0 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Study Area CH3-1

3.2 Study Period CH3-1

3.3 Components and Methodology CH3-1

3.3.1 Land Use Pattern of the Study Area CH3-2



Sri Sai Manasa Nature Tech (P) Ltd., Hyderabad ii


3.3.2 Geology CH3-5

3.3.3 Hydrogeology CH3-7

3.3.4 Air Quality & Meteorology CH3-8

3.3.5 Air Environment CH3-13

3.3.6 Noise Level CH3-13

3.3.7 Water Environment CH3-17

3.3.7.1 Surface Water CH3-17

3.3.8 Land Environment (Soil Quality) CH3-25

3.3.9 Biological Environment CH3-27

3.3.10 Socio-economic Environment CH3-31

3.3.11 Traffic Study CH3-38

4.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.0 Introduction CH4-1

4.1 Impacts During Construction Phase CH4-1

4.2 Impacts During Operational Phase CH4-2

4.2.1 Impact on Land Use CH4-2

4.2.2 Impact on Soil Quality CH4-2

4.2.3 Impact on Topography CH4-2

4.2.4 Impact on Air Environment CH4-2

4.2.5 Meteorological Data CH4-4

4.2.6 Application Of Iscst3 For Prediction Of Ground Level Concentration CH4-5

4.2.8 Noise Environment CH4-10

4.2.9 Water Environment CH4-13

4.2.10 Solid Waste Generation CH4-13

4.2.11 Traffic Details CH4-14

4.2.12 Rain Water Harvesting /Recharge Plan CH4-14

4.2.13 Socio-economic Impacts CH4-14

5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) CH5-1

5.1 Analysis of Alternative Technology CH5-1

5.2 Analysis of Alternative Sites CH5-1

6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM


6.1 Environmental Monitoring CH6-1

6.2 Monitoring Points / Locations And Components CH6-1

6.3 Monitoring Parameters and Frequency CH6-2

6.4 Monitoring Methodologies CH6-2

6.5 Reporting and Documentation CH6-2

6.6 Budget and Procurement Schedule CH6-3

7.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES CH7-1


7.1 Risk Assessment CH7-1

7.1.1 Risk during Construction Phase CH7-1

7.1.2 Risk during Operational Phase CH7-1

7.1.3 Risk Analysis Methodologies CH7-2

7.2 Potential Risk Area Assessment in 130 KLPD Distillery Plant CH7-5

7.2.1 Model Used for Fire Radiation Analysis CH7-6

7.3 Disaster Management Plan CH7-10

7.3.1 Definition CH7-10



Sri Sai Manasa Nature Tech (P) Ltd., Hyderabad iii


7.3.2 Scope CH7-10

7.3.3 Objective CH7-10

7.3.4 Identification of Hazards CH7-11

7.3.5 Safety Measures for Storage and Handling of alcohol CH7-12

7.4 Emergency Planning CH7-12

7.4.1 General CH7-12

7.4.2 Emergency Planning for Disaster due to Fire CH7-12

7.4.2.1 Classification of Fire CH7-12

7.4.3 Need of Establishing a Fire Fighting Group CH7-13

7.4.4 Inspection CH7-13

7.4.5 Procedure for Extinguishing Fire CH7-13

7.4.6 Fire Fighting with Water CH7-14

7.4.7 Sources of Water for Fire Fighting CH7-14

7.4.8 Fire Fighting with Fire Extinguishers CH7-14

7.5 On–Site Emergency Plan CH7-15

7.5.1 Introduction CH7-15

7.6 Preparation of Plan CH7-15

7.6.1 Alarm System CH7-15

7.6.2 Communication CH7-15

7.6.3 Fire Protection System CH7-15

7.6.3.1 Fire Fighting System CH7-15

7.6.4 First Aid CH7-16

7.6.5 Security CH7-16

7.6.6 Safety CH7-16

7.6.7 Evacuation Procedure CH7-17

7.6.8 Emergency Control Center CH7-17

7.6.9 Communication Equipments and Alarm Systems CH7-18

7.6.9.1 Sirens CH7-18

7.6.10 Personal Protective Equipments CH7-18

7.6.11 Procedure for Testing and Updating the Plan CH7-19

7.6.12 Disclosure of Information to Worker and Public Awareness System in Existence and Anticipated

CH7-19

7.7 Off-Site Emergency Preparedness Plan CH7-19

7.8 Occupational Health and Safety CH7-23

7.9 Public Consultation CH7-28

8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS


8.1 Improvement in Physical Infrastructure CH8-1

8.2 Improvement in Social Infrastructure CH8-1

8.3 Employment Potential CH8-2

9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS


10.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN


10.1 Pollution Control System CH10-2

10.1.1 Air Environment CH10-2

10.1.2 Action Plan to Control Fugitive Emission CH10-2



Sri Sai Manasa Nature Tech (P) Ltd., Hyderabad iv


10.1.3 Waste Water Environment CH10-3

10.1.4 Solid Waste Environment CH10-3

10.1.5 Noise Environment CH10-3

10.1.6 Green Belt Development CH10-3

10.1.6.1 Eco System CH10-4

101.6.2 Plantation Techniques CH10-5

10.1.6.3 Aftercare and Monitoring CH10-5

10.1.6.4 Baseline data and Potential Impacts of the Study Area CH10-5

10.1.6.5 Recommendation on Green Belt Development CH10-6

10.1.7 Occupational Health and Safety CH10-8

10.1.8 Personnel Protective Equipments CH10-8

10.2 Overall Recommendation and Implementation Schedule CH10-10

10.2.1 Introduction CH10-10

10.2.2 Implementation Schedule and Environmental Management Cell. CH10-10

10.2.3 Budget for Implementation Environment Management Plan CH10-10

10.2.4 Justification of Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) CH10-11

11.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION CH11-1


11.1 Environmental Clearance CH11-1

11.2 Terms of Reference CH11-1

11.3 Brief Description of Project CH11-1

11.4 Mitigation Measures CH11-1

11.4.1 Air Pollution Control Measures CH11-1

11.4.2 Water Quality Management CH11-2

11.4.3 Noise Pollution Control CH11-2

11.4.4 Greenbelt Development and Plantation CH11-2

11.5 Conclusion CH11-2

12.0 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT CH12-1

ANNEXURE

1 Terms of Reference

2 Water Allotment Letter

3 Existing Environmental Clearance

4 Existing consent to operate

5 Existing EC certified compliance report

6 List of Major industries in MIDC

7 AAQ privilage

8 MOU Details

9 EHS Policy



Sri Sai Manasa Nature Tech (P) Ltd., Hyderabad v

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 Location Map CH1-3

Figure 1.2 Google Image of the Project Site CH1-4

Figure 1.3 10 KM Study Area Map of the Project Site CH1-5

Figure 2.1 Plant Layout CH2-2

Figure 2.2(A) Site Photographs CH2-3

Figure 2.2(B) Site Photographs CH2-4

Figure 2.3 Manufacturing Process of Grain Based Alcohol CH2-8

Figure 3.1 Methodology Used for Land use Classification and Mapping

CH3-3

Figure 3.2 Land Use Pattern of the Study Area (10 km Radius from the Project Site)

CH3-4

Figure 3.3 (A) Wind Rose Diagram (IDM Pune) CH3-12

Figure 3.3 (B) Wind Rose Diagram (site specific) CH3-13

Figure 3.4 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations CH3-16

Figure 3.5 Noise Monitoring Locations CH3-19

Figure 3.6 Water Quality Monitoring Locations Map CH3-24

Figure 3.7 Soil quality Monitoring Stations CH3-26

Figure 3.8 Population Graph CH3-33

Figure 4.1 Ground Level Concentrations of PM CH4-7

Figure 4.2 Ground Level Concentrations of SO2 CH4-8

Figure 4.3 Ground Level Concentrations of NOx CH4-9

Figure 4.4 Noise Dispersion Contour CH4-12

Figure 7.1 Radiation intensity vs distance for ENA (750 KL) CH7-8

Figure 7.2 Radiation intensity vs distance for Sprit (750 KL) CH7-9

Figure 7.3 Emergency Control Plan CH7-19

Figure 10.1 Greenbelt/Green Cover Plan CH10-7

Figure 10.2 Environmental Management Cell CH10-10

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.1 Project Details CH1-2

Table 1.2 Environmental Attributes And Frequency Of Monitoring CH1-10

Table 2.1 Salient Features of the Project Site CH2-5

Table 2.2 Existing and Proposed Products Quantities CH2-5

Table 2.3 Raw Material CH2-6

Table 2.4 Water Requirement CH2-6

Table 2.5 Land Break-up Details CH2-7

Table 3.1 Land use pattern of study area CH3-3

Table 3.2(A) Meteorological Data (IMD Based) CH3-9

Table 3.2(B) Meteorological Data (site specific Data) CH3-10

Table 3.3 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations locations CH3-14

Table 3.4(A) Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results CH3-14

Table 3.4(B) Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results CH3-15

Table 3.5 Noise Quality Monitoring Stations CH3-17



Sri Sai Manasa Nature Tech (P) Ltd., Hyderabad vi

Table 3.6 Noise Quality Monitoring Results CH3-18

Table 3.7 Surface Water Quality Monitoring Stations CH3-20

Table 3.8 Ground Water Quality Monitoring Stations CH3-21

Table 3.9 Surface Water Report of River Water CH3-21

Table 3.10 Ground Water Analysis Report CH3-22

Table 3.11 Soil Sampling Locations CH3-25

Table 3.12 Soil Quality report CH3-27

Table 3.13 Details of Flora Around the Study Area CH3-28

Table3.14(A) For Various Species of Fauna in the Study Area CH3-30

Table3.14(B) For Various Species of Birds in the Study Area CH3-31

Table 3.15 Summary of Demographic Structure in Study Area CH3-32

Table 3.16 Main Worker Employment Pattern CH3-35

Table 3.17 Highways in the Study Area CH3-38

Table 3.18 Nos. of Vehicles Per Day CH3-38

Table 4.1 Nature of Emission And Pollutant CH4-3

Table 4.2 Emission Details of Proposed Boiler CH4-3

Table 4.3 Overall Scenarios Within Study Area CH4-6

Table 4.4 Expected Noise Levels From Different Units CH4-11

Table 4.5 Permissible Noise Levels CH4-12

Table 4.6 Rain Water Harvesting/Recharge Details CH4-14

Table 6.1 Post Project Environmental Monitoring Locations CH6-1

Table 6.2 Parameters and Frequency for Post Project Environmental

Monitoring

CH6-2

Table 6.3 Environment Monitoring Budget CH6-3

Table 7.1 Potential Risk Area Inside the Plant CH7-5

Table 7.2 Damage due to incident Radiation intensities CH7-6

Table 7.3 Release Of ENA and sprit from the storage Facilities CH7-7

Table 7.4 Radiation intensities vs Distance for ENA (750 KLD) CH7-7

Table 7.5 Radiation intensities vs Distance for ENA (150 KLD) CH7-7

Table 10.1 Action Plan to Control Fugitive Emissions CH10-3

Table 10.2 EMP Budget CH10-10

----------------------

Final EIA for Enhancement in Production of Grain Based Distillery (100 KLPD to 130 KLPD) at existing premises i.e Plot

No. B-1, M.I.D.C. Lonand, Tal. Khandala, Satara District in the State of Maharashtra. M/s. Privilege Industries Limited

Sri Sai Manasa Nature Tech (P) Ltd., Hyderabad CH1-1

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT

M/s Privilege Industries Limited (PIL) is grain based distillery at plot no Plot No. B-1, M.I.D.C.

Lonand, Khandala Mandal, Satara District in the State of Maharashtra. PIL is proposing

enhancement of existing grain based distillery capacity. It is proposed to increase in production

from 100 KLPD to 130 KLPD with modification in production parameters.

The existing project was accorded environmental clearance vide Lr.no. J- 11011/ 381/ 2007- IA-

II (I) dated 24th

January 2011 and Consent to Operate was accorded by Maharashtra Pollution

Control Board vide lr. no. Format-1.0/BO/CAC-CELL/UAN No. 0000053347/R/CAC-1901001249

dated 18.01.2019 valid until 31.08.2019.

The Product and raw material details of existing plant and proposed enhancement and total

capacity after proposed enhancement is as follows:

Particulars Existing Quantity Proposed Quantity After Enhancement


Grain 260 TPD 50 TPD 310 TPD

In view of the above PIL had made online application vide proposal no.

IA/MH/IND2/67657/2017 dated 10th

Oct. 2017 for expansion capacity 100 KLPD to 120 KLPD.

Hon’ble Committee issued the Terms of reference on 16th

Nov. 2017. Further, PIL Management

decided to expand the production capacity from 100 KLPD to 130 KLPD. In view of this, PIL

applied for amendment in TOR with reference no. IA/MH/IND2/75684/2018 dated 3rd

July

2018 along with the application in prescribed format (Form-I), copy of pre-feasibility report

and proposed ToRs for undertaking detailed EIA study as per the EIA Notification, 2006 for the

project mentioned above. The proposed project activity is listed at Sl. No. 5(g) distillery project

under Category “A” EIA Notification, 2006 and the proposal is appraised at Central level.

The Expert Appraisal Committee considered the project and issued the Standard Terms of

References vide letter no. IA-J-11011/381/2007-IA-II (I) on dated 5th

August 2018. The copy of

Terms of reference is given in Annexure 1.

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report preparation and the corresponding work

are entrusted to our Environmental consultant M/s Sri Sai Manasa Nature Tech Pvt. Ltd. for the

proposed project baseline data was collected for the period of December 2017 to February 2018.




1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT :

The proposed project is enhancement in production of ENA/RS/MS/AA. After enhancement

total production capacity will be 130 KLD. The proposed enhancement will be done within the

plant premises by modification in process. The project is situated in Notified Industrial area i.e

Lonand MIDC, Satara, Maharashtra.

Project Proponents






PIL was incorporated with a dream to build a reputation for excellence, innovation and

consistency in distilling and brewing. With the Indian spirits market on the threshold to soar

multi-fold, for premium as well as mass market brands, it makes sense to launch our brands in

market segments with the most potential. Continuing with PIL's custom of getting an early

advantage, we took the challenge and got down to business.

1.3 PROJECT COST

The estimated project cost of the proposed enhancement will be INR 25 Crores. Total project

cost after expansion will be INR 215 crores.

1.4 NATURE, SIZE AND LOCATION OF PROJECT SITE

Privilege Industries Limited is proposing to expand the existing 100 KLPD production to 130

KLPD at existing premises i.e Plot No. B-1, M.I.D.C. Lonand, Khandala Mandal, Satara District in

the State of Maharashtra. Total land is available with PIL is 8.0710 ha. No additional land is

required for the proposed enhancement. Details of the project are given in Table 1.1.The

project location map is given in Figure 1.1, Google image of the project is given in Figure 1.2

and 10 km study area map is given in Figure 1.3.

Table 1.1: Project Details

Project Location Plot No. B-1, MIDC, Lonand, Taluka: Khandala, Dist.: Satara,

Maharashtra

Latitude & Longitude 18° 3'42.24"N 74°10'21.45"E

18° 3'49.98"N 74°10'29.11"E

18° 3'57.52"N 74°10'20.97"E

18° 3'48.40"N 74°10'17.11"E

Nearest Town Lonand – 4 Km in SSE

Nearest City Satara – 57.5 Km in S




Nearest Railway Station Lonand Railway Station – 4 Km in SSE

Nearest Airport Pune Airport – 62 Km in NNW

Nearest Highway SH 70 - 0.5 Km

Ecological Sensitive Areas Nil

Figure 1.1: Location Map of the Project Site




Figure 1.2: Google Image of the Project Site




Figure 1.3: 10 KM Study Area Map of the Project Site




1.5 PROJECT IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY

India is one of the major alcohol producing countries. Production of alcohol has gone up from

a meager 100 million liters in the fifties to the current level of more than 600 million liters. The

Russia, USA, Brazil, India, the UK, Japan and West Germany, are the leading alcohol producing

countries. India, has been exporting alcohol in substantial quantities. According to a survey

conducted by a UK-based trade magazine on liquor, three Indian brands figured in the "Top 25

Fastest Growing Brands in the world in 1994". While the survey is for both local as well as

foreign sales, it takes into account only those brands which "export or produce more than 10

percent of their sales volumes overseas"- in other words, Indian-made Foreign liquor (IMFL)

could actually be well on its way to becoming a preferred foreign liquor. Indian Consumption

of whisky has grown at an average 14% annually for the past eight years, climbing to 30 million

cases (of 12 bottles of 750 ml each) per annum. That makes India the hottest whisky market in

the world.

Alcohol has assumed very important place in the Country’s economy. It is a vital raw material

for a number of chemicals and become the source of large amount of revenue for government

as Excise Duty. Now government is encouraging production of ethanol from distilleries to

blend with fuel to reduce foreign imports. In India about 350 distillery units of 4.0 billion liters

& 100 distillery units of 1.8 billion liters are molasses & grain based respectively. Typical Indian

‘C’ heavy massecuites by-product of Sugar industries is being used as raw material in molasses

based distilleries. Potatoes, Rice, Maize, Malt, Wheat, Barley, and Sugarcane & Sugar beet are

various used in grain based distilleries.

1.6 SITE SELECTION

This site has been selected because of following criteria of site selection:

• MIDC allotted site

• Availability of non agriculture land without any rehabilitation requirement.

• Availability of grain from surrounding distributers.

• It is an existing site already leveled with all infrastructures in place.

• Availability of infrastructure facilities like communication and electricity.

• Availability of water sources – MIDC supplied.

• The site is away from the flood plain of major revering system.

• The site is away from metropolitan cities, National parks, wildlife sanctuaries, ecological

sensitive areas like biospheres reserve and coastal areas rich in corals.




• There is no of defense installation close to the site.

• Location in rural area benefitting farmers as it is an agro based industry.

1.7 SCOPE OF STUDY

The scope of the study includes preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment study with

detailed characterization of various environmental components such as air, noise, water, land,

biological and socio economic within an area of 10 km radius around the project site located at

Plot No. B-1, MIDC, Lonand, Taluka: Khandala District : Satara, Maharashtra The baseline study

was conducted as per the latest guidelines of MoEFCC and study was conducted during the

period of December 2017 – February 2018.

The main objectives of characterization are as follows:

To assess the existing baseline status of air, water, noise, land, biological and socio-

economic environments within the project site and around 10 km radius of the study area

To identify and quantify significant impacts due to the proposed activity on various

environmental components through prediction of impacts.

To evaluate the beneficial and adverse impacts of the proposed activity.

To prepare an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) detailing control technologies and

measures to be adopted for mitigation of adverse impacts if any, as a consequence of the

proposed activity.

To prepare a Post Project Monitoring Program for checking and regulating the

environmental quality of the project and help in sustainable development of the area.

1.7.1 Methodology of EIA

Any developmental activity is expected to cause impacts on surrounding environment during

the construction and operation phases. The impacts may be adverse or beneficial. In order to

assess the impacts due to the proposed activity, an Environmental Impact Assessment study

has been conducted within an area of 10 km radius around the project site as per Terms of

Reference.

The various steps involved in Environmental Impact Assessment study are divided into the

following phases.

Identification of significant environmental parameters and assessing the existing status

within the impact zone with respect of air, water, noise, soil, biological and socioeconomic

components of environment.

Prediction of impact on air quality taking into consideration the proposed emissions to




project the overall scenario.

Prediction of impact on Water, Land, Biological and Socio Economic Environment

Evaluation of total impacts after superimposing the predicted scenario over the baseline

scenario to prepare an Environmental Management Plan.

The methodology adopted for studying the various individual components of environment is

described below.

1.7.2 Micro Meteorology

An auto weather monitoring station to record meteorological parameters was installed at

proposed project site. Wind speed, Wind direction, maximum, and minimum temperatures,

relative humidity, cloud cover was recorded on hourly basis continuously covering the entire

three months from December 2017 – February 2018.

Wind speed & Wind direction data recorded during the study period were used for

computation of relative percentage frequencies of different wind directions. The

meteorological data thus collected has been used for interpretation of the existing Ambient Air

Quality status, and the same data has been used for prediction of impacts of future scenario

due to the activities of the proposed scheme.

1.7.3 Ambient Air Quality

The scenario of the existing ambient air quality in the study region has been assessed through

a network of 8 ambient air quality stations during the study period within an area of 10 km

radius around the project area. The monitoring network was so designed such that

representative samples are obtained from the upwind direction, down wind and cross wind

directions of the proposed project site. These monitoring sites have been established keeping

in view the available climatologically norms of predominant wind direction and wind speed of

this particular region.

The following points were also taken into consideration in designing the network of sampling

stations:

1. Topography/ Terrain of the study area

2. Populated areas within the study area

3. Residential and sensitive areas within the study area.

4. Magnitude of the surrounding industries

5. Representation of regional background levels

6. Representations of cross sectional distribution in downward direction.




Ambient Air Quality monitored 24 hours per day for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOxand CO at 8 stations

within 10km radius of the project site once in twice per a week for the study period.

Pre-calibrated respirable dust samplers have been used for monitoring of the existing AAQ

status. Methodologies adopted for sampling and analysis were, as per the approved methods

of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). Maximum, minimum, average and percentile values

have been computed from the raw data collected at all individual sampling stations to

represent the ambient air quality status of the study area.

1.7.4 Noise Environment

Noise monitoring has been carried out at eight locations to identify the impact due to the

existing sources on the surroundings in the study area. Noise levels were recorded at an

interval of 30 minutes during the day and night times to compute the day equivalent, night

equivalent and day-night equivalent level.

1.7.5 Water Environment

Eight groundwater samples and eight surface water samples from various locations around the

project site within 10 km radius were collected for assessment of the existing physico-chemical

and bacteriological quality. Methodologies adopted for sampling and analysis were according

to the IS methods. Field parameters such as pH, Temperature were monitored on site. The

parameters thus analyzed were compared with IS 10500:2012. The activities surrounding the

source during sampling were taken into consideration in interpretation of the water quality of

that particular source.

1.7.6 Land Environment

Ground truth studies were conducted to identify the land use in and around 10 km radius of

the site. Representative soil samples were collected from- eight sampling locations within an

area of 10 km radius around the proposed project site for analysis of the physico chemical

characteristics to assess the cropping pattern, microbial growth etc. standard procedures were

followed for sampling and analysis. The samples collected were also analyzed to check the

suitability for growth of native plant species in and around the project site.

1.7.7 Biological Environment

Intensive survey of flora and fauna of the project site and its surroundings extending up to a

radius of 10 Km has been collected during the study period.

As for as the fauna is concerned, both primary and secondary data have been collected from

various government departments such as forest, agriculture, fisheries and animal husbandry to




clearly understand the status of fauna. Quadrant method has been used for sampling of flora.

1.7.8 Socio- Economic Environment

Details on economic status of various villages within an area of 10 km around the project site

have collected. Information on existing amenities has been collected to determine the

developmental activities. Such developmental activities would result in upliftment of the

economic status in the area.

All the above environmental parameters have been used for identification, evaluation and

prediction of significant impacts.

1.7.9 Prediction of Impacts, Environmental Management Plan & Disaster Management Plan

Various technical aspects of the proposed project have been studied to identify the significant

impacts, which would arise from the proposed activity. The identified impacts have been

quantified through prediction of impacts to estimate the post project scenario.

Identified impacts due to proposed project have been studied in detail to predict the impacts

on various environmental components. Predicted scenario has been superimposed over the

baseline (pre-project) status of environmental quality to derive the ultimate (post-project)

scenario of environmental conditions.

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for this proposed project details the control

measures, which will be suitable for proposed enhancement to maintain environmental quality

within the stipulated limits specified by State Pollution Control Board/CPCB/MoEFCC.

Table 1.2 Environmental Attributes and Frequency of Monitoring

Attribute Parameters Frequency of Monitoring

Ambient Air

Quality

PM 10, PM2.5 24 hourly samples twice a week

for four weeks at eight locations.

Ambient Air

Quality

SO2, NOx 8 hourly samples average to 24

hrs for four weeks at eight

locations.

Meteorology Wind Speed, direction,

Temperature, relative humidity

and rainfall

Continuous monitoring station for

entire study period on hourly basis

and also data collection from

Secondary sources.

Water Quality Physical, Chemical and

Bacteriological parameters

Once during the study period at

ten locations




Biology Existing Flora and Fauna Through field visit during the

study period and

substantiated through

Secondary sources.

Noise Levels Noise levels in dB(A) Hourly observations for 24 hours

per location

Soil

Characteristics

Parameters related to agricultural

and afforestation potential

Once during the study period at

eight locations

Land Use Trend of land use change for

Different categories

Data from various

Government agencies.

Socio-economic

Aspects

Socio-economic characteristics,

labour force characteristics,

population statistics and existing

amenities in the study area.

Field Survey and

Census Handbook, 2011

1.8 COMPLIANCE TO THE TERMS OFREFERENCE

Compliance to the Standard terms of reference issued by MoEFCC is given below:

Standards TOR

S.

No.

TOR POINT Compliance of TOR Points

1 Executive Summary Attached with EIA Report

2 Introduction

i) Details of the EIA Consultant

including NABET accreditation

Details are Given in Chapter 12.

ii) Information about the project

proponent

Details are given in Chapter 1, Subheading 1.2

iii) Importance and benefits of the

project

Details are given in Chapter 8.

3 Project Description

1 Cost of project and time of

completion.

The estimated project cost of the proposed

enhancement is INR 25 Crores. Project

modification will be done within 24 months

after getting all project related approvals.

2 Products with capacities for the

proposed project.

ENA/RS/MS/AA is the main products. After

enhancement the total capacity will be 130

KLPD.

3 If enhancement project, details of

existing products with capacities and

whether adequate land is available

Existing Production capacity is 100 KLPD and

after enhancement the capacity will be 130

KLPD. No Additional Land the required for




for enhancement, reference of

earlier EC if any.

Enhancement activity.

4 List of raw materials required and

their source along with mode of

transportation.

Details are given in Chapter 2, subheading

2.5.

5 Other chemicals and materials

required with quantities and storage

capacities

No additional Material and Chemicals

required for proposed enhancement.

6 Details of Emission, effluents,

hazardous waste generation and

their management.

Emission Details are given in Chapter 4,

Subheading 4.2.4.

Effluent details are given in Chapter 4,

Subheading 4.2.9

Waste generation details are given in Chapter

4, Subheading 4.2.10

7 Requirement of water, power, with

source of supply, status of approval,

water balance diagram, man-power

requirement (regular and contract)

About 1150 KLD water is required and will

source from Lonand MIDC. Water allotment

letter is attached as Annexure 2.

Existing 4 MW CPP is sufficient for Proposed

enhancement.

No additional Manpower is required as the

production will be achieved by some

modification in process.

8 Process description along with major

equipment and machineries, process

flow sheet (Quantitative) from raw

material to products to be provided

Details are given in Chapter 2, Subheading

2.7.

9 Hazard identification and details of

proposed safety systems


10

a. Copy of all the Environmental

Clearance(s) including Amendments

thereto obtained for the project from

MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an

Annexure. A certified copy of the

latest Monitoring Report of the

Regional Office of the Ministry of

Environment and Forests as per

circular dated 30th

May, 2012 on the

status of compliance of conditions

stipulated in all the existing

environmental clearances including

Amendments shall be provided. In

addition, status of compliance of

Consent to Operate for the ongoing

/existing operation of the project

from SPCB shall be attached with the

Existing environment Clearance letter is

attached as Annexure 3.

Existing consent to Operate is attached as

Annexure 4.

Existing EC certified compliance report is

attached as Annexure 5.




EIA-EMP report.

b. In case the existing project has not

obtained environmental clearance,

reasons for not taking EC under the

provisions of the EIA Notification

1994 and/or EIA Notification 2006

shall be provided. Copies of Consent

to Establish/No Objection Certificate

and Consent to Operate (in case of

units operating prior to EIA

Notification 2006, CTE and CTO of FY

2005-2006) obtained from the SPCB

shall be submitted. Further,

compliance report to the conditions

of consents from the SPCB shall be

submitted.

Not applicable.

4 Site Details

1 Location of the project site covering

village, Taluka/Tehsil, District and

State, Justification for selecting the

site, whether other sites were

considered.

Location details are given in Chapter 1, Sub

heading 1.4

Site selection details are given in Chapter 1,

subheading 1.6

2 A toposheet of the study area of

radius of 10km and site location on

1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2

sheet. (including all eco-sensitive

areas and environmentally sensitive

places)

Details are given in Chapter 1, Figure 1.3.

3 Details w.r.t option analysis for

selection of site

Site selection details are given in Chapter 1,

subheading 1.6

4 Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four

corners of the site.


5 Google map-Earth downloaded of

the project site.


6 Layout maps indicating existing unit

as well as proposed unit indicating

storage area, plant area, greenbelt

area, utilities etc. If located within an

Industrial area/Estate/Complex,

layout of Industrial Area indicating

location of unit within the Industrial

area/Estate.

Layout map is given in Chapter 2, Figure 2.1.

7 Photographs of the proposed and

existing (if applicable) plant site. If

existing, show photographs of

plantation/greenbelt, in particular.

Photographs of the plant site are given in

Chapter 2, Figure 2.2.

8 Land use break-up of total land of The project land comes under Lonand MIDC.




the project site (identified and

acquired), government/private -

agricultural, forest, wasteland, water

bodies, settlements, etc shall be

included. (not required for industrial

area)

Hence not applicable.

9 A list of major industries with name

and type within study area (10km

radius) shall be incorporated. Land

use details of the study area

Details are given in Annexure-6.

10 Geological features and Geo-

hydrological status of the study area

shall be included.


3.3.2.

11 Details of Drainage of the project

upto 5km radius of study area. If the

site is within 1 km radius of any

major river, peak and lean season

river discharge as well as flood

occurrence frequency based on peak

rainfall data of the past 30 years.

Details of Flood Level of the project

site and maximum Flood Level of the

river shall also be provided. (mega

green field projects)

No Major river or nala found within 5 Km

radius of project site.

12 Status of acquisition of land. If

acquisition is not complete, stage of

the acquisition process and expected

time of complete possession of the

land.

Project site is located in Lonand MIDC.

13 R&R details in respect of land in line

with state Government policy.

Not Applicable

5 Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable):

1 Permission and approval for the use

of forest land (forestry clearance), if

any, and recommendations of the

State Forest Department. (if

applicable).

Not Applicable

2 Land use map based on High

resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of

the proposed site delineating the

forestland (in case of projects

involving forest land more than40

ha).

Not Applicable

3 Status of Application submitted for

obtaining the stage I forestry

clearance along with latest status

shall be submitted.

Not Applicable




4 The projects to be located within 10

km of the National Parks,

Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves,

Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals,

the project proponent shall submit

the map duly authenticated by Chief

Wildlife Warden showing these

features vis-à-vis the project location

and the recommendations or

comments of the Chief Wildlife

Warden-thereon.

Not Applicable

5 Wildlife Conservation Plan duly

authenticated by the Chief Wildlife

Warden of the State Government for

conservation of Schedule I fauna, if

any exists in the study area.

Not Applicable

6 Copy of application submitted for

clearance under the Wildlife

(Protection) Act, 1972, to the

Standing Committee of the National

Board for Wildlife

Not Applicable

6. Environmental Status

1 Determination of atmospheric

inversion level at the project site and

site-specific micro-meteorological

data using temperature, relative

humidity, hourly wind speed and

direction and rainfall.


3.3.4.

2 AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8

locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2,

NOX, CO and other parameters

relevant to the project shall be

collected. The monitoring stations

shall be based CPCB guidelines and

take into account the pre-dominant

wind direction, population zone and

sensitive receptors including

reserved forests.


3.3.5.

3 Raw data of all AAQ measurement

for 12 weeks of all stations as per

frequency given in the NAQQM

Notification of Nov. 2009 along with

– min., max., average and 98% values

for each of the AAQ parameters from

data of all AAQ stations should be

provided as an annexure to the EIA

Report.

Details are Attached as Annexure 7.

4 Surface water quality of nearby River Nira River is available in study area. Details of




(60m upstream and downstream)

and other surface drains at eight

locations as per CPCB/MoEF&CC

guidelines.

surface water sample are given in Chapter 3,

Subheading 3.3.7.

5 Whether the site falls near to

polluted stretch of river identified by

the CPCB/MoEF&CC.

No

6 Ground water monitoring at

minimum at 8 locations shall be

included.

Details of ground water sample are given in

Chapter 3, Subheading 3.3.7.

7 Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations

within the study area.

Details of Noise monitoring are given in

Chapter 3, Subheading 3.3.6.

8 Soil Characteristic as per CPCB

guidelines.

Details of surface Soil Characteristic are given

in Chapter 3, Subheading 3.3.8.

9 Traffic study of the area, type of

vehicles, frequency of vehicles for

transportation of materials,

additional traffic due to proposed

project, parking arrangement etc.

Details of traffic study are given in Chapter 3,

Subheading 3.3.11.

10 Detailed description of flora and

fauna (terrestrial and aquatic)

existing in the study area shall be

given with special reference to rare,

endemic and endangered species. If

Schedule-I fauna are found within

the study area, a Wildlife

Conservation Plan shall be prepared

and furnished.


3.3.9.

11 Socio-economic status of the study

area.


3.3.10.

7 Impact and Environment Management Plan

1 Assessment of ground level

concentration of pollutants from the

stack emission based on site-specific

meteorological features. In case the

project is located on a hilly terrain,

the AQIP Modelling shall be done

using inputs of the specific terrain

characteristics for determining the

potential impacts of the project on

the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all

sources of emissions (including

transportation) on the AAQ of the

area shall be well assessed. Details of

the model used and the input data

used for modelling shall also be

provided. The air quality contours

shall be plotted on a location map


4.2.4 to 4.2.6.




showing the location of project site,

habitation nearby, sensitive

receptors, if any.

2 Water Quality modelling – in case of

discharge in water body

Not Applicable

3 Impact of the transport of the raw

materials and end products on the

surrounding environment shall be

assessed and provided. In this regard,

options for transport of raw

materials and finished products and

wastes (large quantities) by rail or

rail-cum road transport or conveyor-

cum-rail transport shall be examined.


4.2.11

4 A note on treatment of wastewater

from different plant operations,

extent recycled and reused for

different purposes shall be included.

Complete scheme of effluent

treatment. Characteristics of

untreated and treated effluent to

meet the prescribed standards of

discharge under E(P) Rules.

Spent wash is the main effluent from

distillery. It will be Treated in MEE. MEE

evaporation condensate further will be

treated in ETP and used for process and

generated DWGS will be sold as cattle feed.

Zero discharge norms will be adopted.

5 Details of stack emission and action

plan for control of emissions to meet

standards.


4.2.4.

6 Measures for fugitive emission

control

Water sprinkling will be done on roads.

7 Details of hazardous waste

generation and their storage,

utilization and disposal. Copies of

MOU regarding utilization of solid

and hazardous waste shall also be

included. EMP shall include the

concept of waste-minimization,

recycle/reuse/recover techniques,

Energy conservation, and natural

resource conservation.

No major hazardous waste will be generated

from the plant. Used oil will be sold to

authorized vendor. Details of waste

generation are given in Chapter 4,

Subheading 4.2.10.

8 Proper utilization of fly ash shall be

ensured as per Fly Ash Notification,

2009. A detailed plan of action shall

be provided.

Fly ash will be sold to brick Manufactures. The

MOU details are attached as Annexure 8.

9 Action plan for the green belt

development plan in 33 % area i.e.

land with not less than 1,500 trees

per ha. Giving details of species,

width of plantation, planning

schedule etc. shall be included. The

Greenbelt details are given in Chapter 10,

Subheading 10.1.6.




green belt shall be around the

project boundary and a scheme for

greening of the roads used for the

project shall also be incorporated.

10 Action plan for rainwater harvesting

measures at plant site shall be

submitted to harvest rainwater from

the roof tops and storm water drains

to recharge the ground water and

also to use for the various activities

at the project site to conserve fresh

water and reduce the water

requirement from other sources.


4.2.12.

11 Total capital cost and recurring

cost/annum for environmental

pollution control measures shall be

included.

Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum

for environmental pollution control measures

are given in Chapter 10, Subheading 10.2.3

12 Action plan for post-project

environmental monitoring shall be

submitted.


6.2.

13 Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural

and Man-made) Preparedness and

Emergency Management Plan

including Risk Assessment and

damage control. Disaster

management plan should be linked

with District Disaster Management

Plan.


8 Occupational health

1 Details of existing Occupational &

Safety Hazards. What are the

exposure levels of above mentioned

hazards and whether they are within

Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If

these are not within PEL, what

measures the company has adopted

to keep them within PEL so that

health of the workers can be

preserved,


2 Details of exposure specific health

status evaluation of worker. If the

workers’ health is being evaluated by

pre designed format, chest x rays,

Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision

testing (Far & Near vision, colour

vision and any other ocular defect)

ECG, during pre-placement and

periodical examinations give the


7.8.




details of the same. Details regarding

last month analyzed data of

abovementioned parameters as per

age, sex, duration of exposure and

department wise.

3 Details of existing Occupational &

Safety Hazardous. What are the

exposure level of hazardous and

whether they are within Permissible

Exposure Level (PEL). If these are not

within PEL what measure the

company has adopted to keep within

PEL so that heath of the workers can

be preserved.

Details are given Chapter 7.

4 Annual Report of health status of

workers with special reference to

occupational health and safety


9 Corporate Environment Policy

1 Does the company have a well laid

down Environment Policy approved

by its Board of Directors? If so, it may

be detailed in the EIA report.

Yes, attached as Annexure 9.

2 Does the Environment Policy

prescribe for standard operating

process / procedures to bring into

focus any infringement / deviation /

violation of the environmental or

forest norms / conditions? If so, it

may be detailed in the EIA.

Yes

3 What is the hierarchical system or

Administrative order of the company

to deal with the environmental

issues and for ensuring compliance

with the environmental clearance

conditions? Details of this system

may be given.

Yes, Details are given in Chapter 10, Figure

10.2

4 Does the company have system of

reporting of non compliances /

violations of environmental norms to

the Board of Directors of the

company and / or shareholders or

stakeholders at large? This reporting

mechanism shall be detailed in the

EIA report

Yes

10 Details regarding infrastructure

facilities such as sanitation, fuel,

restroom etc. to be provided to the

labour force during construction as

Details are given in Chapter 4, subheading

4.1.8




well as to the casual workers

including truck drivers during

operation phase.

11 Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC)

1 Adequate fund (at least 2.5% of the

total project cost) shall be earmarked

towards Enterprise Social

Commitment (ESC) based on public

hearing issues and item-wise details

along with time bound action plan

shall be included. Socio-economic

development need to be elaborated

upon.

Detailed Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC)

Plan is given in Chapter 10, Subheading 10.2.4

12 Any litigation pending against the

project and/or any direction/order

passed by any Court of Law against

the project, if so, details thereof shall

also be included. Has the unit

received any notice under the

Section 5 of Environment

(Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant

Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so,

details thereof and compliance/ATR

to the notice(s) and present status of

the case.

Not Applicable

13 A tabular chart with index for point

wise compliance of above TORs.

Complied

B. Specific Terms of reference for EIA studies for Distilleries

S.

No.

ToR Points Compliance of TOR Points

1 List of existing distillery units in the

study area along with their capacity

and sourcing of raw material.

No other distillery unit within 10 km radius.

2 Number of working days of the

distillery unit.

330 days

3 Details of raw materials such as

molasses/grains, their source with

availability.

310 TPD Grain will be required for distillery.

Grain will be sourced from nearby state.

4 Details of the use of steam from the

boiler.


2.6.4

5 Surface and Ground water quality

around proposed spent wash storage

lagoon, and compost yard.

Not Applicable

6 Plan to reduce spent wash

generation within 6-8 KL/KL of

alcohol produced.

690 KLD spent wash will be generated,

evaporated in MEE. ZLD adopted.

7 Proposed effluent treatment system Details are given in Chapter 4.




for molasses/grain based distillery

(spent wash, spent lees,

condensate and utilities) as well as

domestic sewage and scheme for

achieving zero effluent discharge

(ZLD).

8 Proposed action to restrict fresh

water consumption within 10 KL/KL

of alcohol production.

1150 KLD water will be required for 130 KLPD

Alcohol production.

9 Details about capacity of spent wash

holding tank, material used, design

consideration. No. of peizometers to

be proposed around spent wash

holding tank.

Not Applicable.

10 Action plan to control ground water

pollution.

Zero discharge norms will be adopted.

11 Details of solid waste management

including management of boiler ash,

yeast, etc. Details of incinerated

spent wash ash generation and its

disposal.


4.2.10.

12 Details of bio-composting yard (if

applicable).

Not Applicable

13 Action plan to control odour

pollution.


2.10.

14 Arrangements for installation of

continuous online monitoring system

(24x7 monitoring device)

Online monitoring system is provided.

------------------



SriSai Manasa Nature Tech (P) Ltd., Hyderabad CH2-1

CHAPTER 2

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT

M/s. Privilege Industries Ltd. is proposing enhancement of grain based distillery plant from 100

KLPD to 130 KLPD at same location. The unit uses only Grain as raw material and produces 100

KLPD of ENA/RS/MS/AA. As per EIA Notification dated 14th

September 2006, as amended from

time to time; the project falls under Category “A”, Project or Activity 5(g) and therefore,

requires Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC, New Delhi.

2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT

The utilization of Ethyl alcohol or Ethanol, popularly known as alcohol, for industrial use is a

recent phenomenon and its importance came into being towards the end of the Second World

War. Alcohol has assumed very important place in the Country’s economy. It is a vital raw

material for a number of chemicals and become the source of large amount of revenue for

government as Excise Duty. Ethanol can be used for potable alcohol industry, chemical

industry and as a bio-fuel in vehicles (direct/blended with gasoline). In India, ethanol is

consumed primarily by portable alcohol industry, Oil marketing companies (for blending with

petrol) and chemical industries. About 350 distillery units of 4.0 billion litres & 100 distillery

units of 1.8 billion litres are molasses & grain based respectively are operating in India. Typical

Indian ‘C’ heavy massecuites byproduct of Sugar industries is being used as raw material in

molasses based distilleries. Potatoes, Rice, Maize, Malt, Wheat, Barley, Sugarcane & Sugarbeet

are various raw materials used in grain based distilleries.

2.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT & SITE LAYOUT

PIL is located at Plot No. B-1, M.I.D.C. Lonand, Khandala Mandal, Satara District in the State of

Maharashtra. The geographical location of the proposed project site falls at the longitude

74°10'21.45"E and latitude 18° 3'42.24"N.

The general location of the proposed project site is shown in Chapter 1, Figure - 1.1.

Topo Map showing the 10km radius of the study are given in Chapter 1, Figure - 1.3. Salient

features of the study area are presented in below Table - 2.1. The Project Site Layout is shown

in Figure - 2.1. Photographs of the project site are shown in Figure - 2.2.




Figure 2.1: Plant Layout




Figure 2.2 (A): Site Photographs

Proposed Expansion Area




Figure 2.2 (B): Site Photographs




Table – 2.1: Salient Features of the Project Site

Project Location Plot No. B-1, MIDC, Lonand, Taluka: Khandala, Dist.: Satara,

Maharashtra

Latitude & Longitude 18° 3'42.24"N 74°10'21.45"E

18° 3'49.98"N 74°10'29.11"E

18° 3'57.52"N 74°10'20.97"E

18° 3'48.40"N 74°10'17.11"E

Nearest Town Lonand – 4.0 Km in SSE

Nearest City Satara – 57.5 Km in S

Nearest Railway Station Lonand Railway Station – 4.0 Km in SSE

Nearest Airport Pune Airport – 62.0 Km in NNW

Nearest Highway NH 48 - 0.5 Km in West

Annual Climatic

Conditions

Max- Temperature - 46°C

Min- Temperature -10°C

Ecological Sensitive Areas Nil

2.4 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION

PIL is having 100 KLPD Grain based distillery and proposed to produce 130KLPD

ENA/RS/MS/AA by some modification in existing process. The existing production quantities

and proposed production quantities are given below:

Table 2.2: Existing and Proposed Products Quantities

Product Existing

Quantity

Proposed

Quantity After Enhancement


2.5 RAW MATERIAL REQUIREMENT

The raw materials required for the grain based distillery:

Grains – Broken rice, Maize, Bajra, Jowar, barley etc.

Enzymes and Chemicals

Steam

Water

Fuel

Power etc.

The working days of the plant are 330 days per year. The raw material requirement per day is

given in Table 2.3.




Table 2.3: Raw Material

Description Exiting Proposed Total

Grain 260 T/day 50 T/day 310 T/day

Land 80710.0 m2 - 80710.0 m

2

Fresh Water 1150 KLD - 1150 KLD

Fuel 80 TPD 50 TPD 130 TPD

2.5.1 Source of Raw Materials

Raw Material will be procured from the nearby states and local suppliers.

2.6 UTILITIES

2.6.1 Water Requirement

The water requirement in the project will be for Process, cooling purpose, domestic

consumption. The existing unit requires 1150 KLD of water and after enhancement water

requirement will remain same. This requirement will be met from MIDC, Lonand. The details of

water requirement for different purposes are presented in Table 2.4

Table 2.4: Water Requirement

Item Existing (KLD) After Enhancement (KLD)

Process Water 270 270

Soft Water 550 550

DM Water 310 310

Domestic water 20 20

Total 1150 1150

Overall water consumption remain same due to higher alcohol concentration in fermented

mash, operation of cooling tower on higher COC reduced considerable water saving, Hence in

existing setup of 100 KLPD, the plant capacity can be enhance by 30%. The project is based on

Zero Effluent Discharge Norms.

2.6.2 Land Requirement

PIL has acquired 80710.0Sq.m of land in MIDC Lonand. The proposed enhancement activity will

be established within the existing plant area only. The land breakup details are presented in

Table 2.5.




Table 2.5: Land Break-up Details

S No Particular Existing

(Sq.m)

Proposed

(Sq.m)

After Enhancement

(Sq.m)

1 Plant Area 35299.62 - 35299.62

2 Greenbelt 26725.00 - 26725.00

3 Parking and Open Area 18685.38 - 18685.38

Total 80710.00 80710.00

2.6.3 Power Requirement and Fuel Requirement

The existing power requirement is 4.0 MW and no additional power will be required for

proposed enhancement. The power will be sourced from the Captive Thermal Power Plant. For

the Captive Thermal Power plant about 130 TPD coal is required and coal will be sourced from

Local market.

2.6.4 Steam Requirement

The existing steam requirement is about 27.79 TPH (667 TPD) which is fulfilled by the existing

24 + 8 TPH boiler. For proposed enhancement to 130 KLPD there is no change in steam

requirement.

Sr.

No. Description Total

1 Liquefaction 70

2 Fermentation 5

3 Distillation 280

4 MEE 120

5 DDGS dryer 192

Total 667

2.6.5 Man Power Requirement

M/s. Privilege Industries Pvt. Ltd. is already having man power of 235 nos where 110 are direct

employees and 125 Indirect employees. There will be an additional employment of 20 man

power.

The Project proponent has planned to contribute in socio-economic development of the area

and will organize Health awareness campaigns, regular health checkup for the employees,

Education Programmes etc. and will continue to do so.




2.7 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION

2.7.1 ENA/RS/MS/AA Production Process

Proposed Distillery shall be set-up based on latest Design, Engineering and Supply technology

for grains receiving and storage, grains handling and milling, slurry preparation/liquefaction,

saccharification and instantaneous fermentation, Fermentation, Multi-pressure distillation,

Decantation, Multi-effect evaporation, Dryer, Spirit storage, Water treatment plant and

Effluent Treatment Plant so as to have the Plant compliance to Zero Discharge. Latest

Technology ensures incorporation of High efficiency Design, Higher fermentation efficiency

and Effective heat integration in distillation and evaporation. The Process Technology adds

value to overall plant engineering by incorporating global standards for Design, on safety

norms and adherence to local design codes. The distillery process runs with Continuous

Fermentation. The manufacturing process is shown in Figure 2.3.

Figure: 2.3 -Manufacturing Process of Grain Based Alcohol

Before the milling quality of the grain is being checked. After the quality check grain is cleaned

for removal of dust, lumps, sand, stone, iron etc. and finally store in Silo.

Milling: The cleaned grain is sent to milling machines for grinding grain flour (size 400- 700μ) is

Product- 130

KLPD

DDGS –by

Sale as Cattle

feed

DWGS




conveyed to pre-masher for slurry preparation. In pre-masher, flour & required water of ratio

1:2 are mixed by agitator. Uniform grain slurry is made and transferred to another low shear

tank (slurry tank) for proper mixing. In slurry tank required pH of 6.0- 6.2 is maintained by

using lime if required and temperature as 55⁰C to 60⁰C. An enzyme called α-amylase is added

here in small (20-25%) dose before the cooking process starts.

Cooking: The grain slurry is pumped to Jet Cooker (Hydro Heater) through open impeller

centrifugal pump. In jet cooker steam is applied at 8 to 10 kg/cm2 pressure to cook the starch

slurry to break down the chemical structure of starch in presence of enzymes. The

temperature of grain slurry at outlet of jet cooker is maintained between 115 to 130°C. After

cooking the grain slurry is passed through the holding vessel of sufficient capacity to provide

desired retention time at a given flow rate to convert starch into dextrin. In this step slurry

pressure & viscosity reduces. The slurry which is hot is transferred into the flash tank to reduce

the temperature of the slurry to 90-95°C before sending to saccharification tank. Flash tank is

attached to flash condensers where vapours are condensed and condensate is sent to slurry

tank.

Liquefaction: Grain slurry is transferred to liquefaction tank from flash tank where remaining

75 to 80% of enzymes of α-amylase is added which convert starch to dextrin and 1-4 α-

glycosidase linkages are hydrolyzed into amylose and amylo pectin. Enzymatic activity rapidly

breakdown the starch to soluble dextrins and oligosaccharides. To have good conversion of

starch to dextrin retention time should be about 2 hrs.

Saccharification and Fermentation: Many distilleries have Partial Pre-Saccharification tanks for

saccharification process. Whereas conducting saccharification and fermentation together is

another process adopted. The liquefied slurry pumped through Plate Heat Exchanger (PHE) to

the fermenters. The outlet temperature of grain slurry from PHE is 32 to 35°C. In fermenters

saccharification & fermentation takes place simultaneously by adding glycol-amylase enzyme

and yeast culture. Fermentation of starch from grain is somewhat more complex than

fermentation of molasses sugars because starch must first be converted to sugar and then to

ethanol. Starch is converted enzymatically to glucose either by diastase presents in sprouting

grain or by fungal amylase. The resulting dextrose is fermented to ethanol with the aid of yeast

producing CO2 as co-product which is recovered in Co2 plant. A second co-product of

unfermented starch, fiber, protein and ash known as distillers grain (a high protein cattle feed)

is also produced. Glucoamylase hydrolise dextrin into maltose. In this complete conversion of




dextrin takes place and to reduce the viscosity further spent wash after decanter is mixed to

save water. Maltose further breaks into glucose & fructose. Yeast i.e. Saccharomyces

cerevisiae which produce invertase and zymase enzyme convert glucose & fructose into

alcohol. Above both processes takes place in a fermenter. Glucose is converted into ethyl

alcohol and carbon dioxide evolved is let out. The total duration required is 60 to 65 hours. The

entire material is sent for distillation and yeast sludge in continuous process is settled at

bottom is mixed with water and used for fresh batch whereas in Batch process the entire yeast

sludge was let out.

The pre fermenters are filled with mash and loaded with contents of the yeast vessel. The

purpose of the aerated pre-fermentation is to allow time for the yeast cells to multiply (01

gram of dry yeast for 01 litre of Rectified Spirit) and reduce the chances of contamination.

When the pre-fermentor contents are transferred to the main fermenters, the concentration

of yeast cells is high enough to substantially the leg time associated with yeast growth in

fermentation process.

The overall transformation takes place into three steps:

Amylase / Gluco-amylase

n(C6H10O5) + n(H2O) n(C6H12O6)

n(162) n(18) n(180)

Invertase

C12H22O11 + H2O 6H12O6 + C6H12O6

342 18 180 180

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

180 92 88

The speed of this transformation process can be influenced by two elements i.e. temperature

and available quantity & quality of water/Enzymes.

CO2 Scrubbing and Recovery

The CO2 produced during fermentation from Fermenter is scrubbed with water in sieve tray

scrubber to recover alcohol from vent gases. The vent gases from Fermenter mainly air and

carbon dioxide are also scrubbed in sieve tray scrubber for alcohol recovery. The water from

both the scrubber is returned to respective Fermenters. About 1% of the total alcohol

production is saved by scrubbing the Fermenter off gases. The CO2 produced from fermenters




after scrubbing will be recovered through the installed CO2 recovery plant to avoid air

pollution.

Multi-Pressure Distillation

Multi-Pressure distillation scheme has distillation columns operating under different pressures.

Heat energy from columns operating under high pressure is recycled back to columns

operating under low pressure to conserve energy.

ENA Plant Distillation Columns

Wash to ENA Plant

This scheme has total seven distillation columns. The columns in order of flow are: -

1. Analyzer Cum Degasifying Column – vacuum.

2. Pre-rectifier column – vacuum.

3. Pre-rectifier Stripper column – vacuum.

4. Purification Column – atmospheric pressure.

5. Rectification cum exhaust column – pressure

6. FOC (Recovery) Column – atmospheric pressure

7. Simmering Column – atmospheric pressure

Fermented wash is preheated in fermented wash pre-heater. The preheated wash is fed to

analyzer column, to remove light impurities, dissolved gasses etc. Vapor from this column are

passed to the bottom of the pre-rectifier Column. The Spent wash from the bottom of analyzer

column is sent through a PHE to heat the incoming fermented wash and taken for further

treatment or recycle to Liqufication section and MEE.

In Pre-rectifier column the alcohol is concentrated and in the top tray and a small impure sprit

cut is taken out. RS draw is taken from few trays below the top of Pre rectifier column, which is

sent to purification column.

Purifier column operates on the principle of inversion of relative volatility. Low boiling

impurities are separated in the purifier column & bottom is sent to rectifier cum exhaust

column while the top vapor draw is fed directly to Fusel oil concentration column. The

Rectifier/Exhaust column concentrates the alcohol to 96% v/v. The high-grade spirit is drawn

from one of the upper trays of the rectification column and fed to the Simmering Column.

Simmering Column removes methanol, di-acetyls from the top and ENA draw is taken from the

bottom. A small head cut is removed from the overhead stream to withdraw impurities. Fusel

oil build up is avoided in the Rectifier cum exhaust column by withdrawing outside streams




(fusel oils). These are sent to the fusel oil concentration column where these fusel oils are

concentrated and sent to decanter where these streams are diluted with water and fusel oil

rich layer is separated. In this mode, rectifier column drives the analyzer and pre –rectifier

column while purifier column partially meets the heat requirement of simmering column, thus

achieving maximum heat integration and minimum steam consumption.

Spirit Storage

Spirit storage would be divided into two sections. One would be daily spirit receiver section

and the other would be bulk storage section. The spirit coming out of distillation would be

transferred to daily spirit receivers (separated for RS/ENA/MS/AA). Subsequently, after

gauging, the spirit would be transferred to respective bulk storage tanks.

2.7.2 Co-Generation Power Plant

PIL is having existing capacity of 4.0 MW of cogeneration of power based on coal at its existing

premises. For enhancement no additional power is required.

The cogeneration power plant is divided in three parts, namely;

a. Boiler & Auxiliaries

b. Turbine & Auxiliaries

c. Generator &Auxiliaries

Boiler & Auxiliaries

Boiler: The industry installed 24 TPH + 8 TPH@45 kg/ cm² pressure capacity fluidized Bed

boiler (FBC) for steam. The existing 32 TPH boilers are sufficient for additional production. FBC

boiler is most suitable technology for the biomass and coal as fuel to be used. When air passes

upward at low velocities through a mass of finely divided solid particles (such as ash & crushed

refractory) the particles are not disturbed. As air flow is gradually increased, the particles

become suspended. Further increase in the air flow gives rise to bubble formation and

vigorous turbulence. The bed of solid particles has the same characteristics of the liquid and

thus the bed is termed as Fluidized Bed. Combustion of fuel in this bed is termed as Fluidized

Bed Combustion (FBC). The boiler would be having other auxiliaries as described below;

Drum : The feed input, separation of steam and water & blow down are all carried through the

drum.

Furnace: It is the primary part of boiler where the chemical energy available in the fuel is

converted to thermal energy by combustion. It is the designed for efficient & complete

combustion.




Super Heater: These are meant for raising the steam temperature above the saturation

temperature to a maximum of around 550⁰ C (due to the metallurgical problem, the

percentage of heat to super heater is approx 30%).

De-Super Heater : To control the super heater temperature & always try to maintain the

steam temperature constant during variation of load, de-super heater is used.

Draft System: The combustion process in a furnace can take place only when it receives a

steady flow of air & has the combustion gases are continuously removed.

Economizer: The economizer absorbs heat from the flue gas mainly as sensible heat to the

feed water. By this, the efficiency of boiler is improved.

Water Wall/Evaporator: Where water converted into steam by latent heat addition.

Support: All modern boilers are top support units. The hanger rods are designed for the direct

tensile stress resulting from the weight of units & the bending stress from the pressure part

enhancement.

Soot Blower: Deposits result from combustion of coal& relatively smaller extent from oil.

Means have to be provided to prevent an accumulation of deposit from chocking the boiler gas

passes & to maintain boiler heating surface in a suitably clean condition for effective heat

transfer whilst on load. Steam is used for soot blowing.

Air Heater: It is now an essential boiler auxiliary because hot air necessary for rapid & efficient

combustion in the furnace & also for the coal& to recover waste heat from the flue gas to

increase boiler efficiency.

Primary Fluidizing Air Fan: It is used for fluidizing the bed of fuel and giving the upward thrust.

Forced Draft Fan : To take air from atmosphere at ambient temperature to supply essentially

the combustion air required, in addition to fluidizing air.

Induced Draft Fan: To evacuate the gases out of the furnace & exhaust through the stack. The

ID Fan maintains the negative draft inside the furnace.

Ash Collection: The method used for removal of ash from the flue gas consists of mechanical

dust collector & electrostatic precipitator. The mechanical dust collector removes the coarser

particles through cyclones. The ESP consists of three field two types of electrodes. Wires which

are charged at HVDC are called emitting electrodes. The collecting electrodes are in the form

of plates, which are at earth potential. The dust particles in the flue gas get charged while

coming in contact with the emitting electrodes. The charged particles are attracted to the

earthed collecting particles and get discharged and fall down the hopper. Very high efficiency




of ash collection upto 99.90% can be achieved in the ESP. Pneumatic ash conveying system

(Dense phase) is installed for close loop handling and ash released and cpllected in ash silos.

Boiler Feed Pump: It is multistage pump provided for pumping feed water from the deaerator

storage tank to economizer of the boiler. Generally two pumps each of 100% capacity are

provided.

Deaerator: The presence of certain gases like oxygen, carbon dioxide, & ammonia dissolved in

water is harmful because of their corrosive action on boiler metal parts particularly at elevated

temperatures. The condensate is sprayed inside the deaerator and it is heated by the

extraction steam from the turbine. The airs etc are thus liberated from the condensate. The

deaerated condensate thus comes to the storage tanks, from which the boiler feed pump

pumps the condensate to the boiler.

Turbine & Auxiliaries

Turbine : The turbine shall be horizontal, single cylinder, extractor cum Condeused design

coupled to a generator to generate the rated output of 4.0 MW of electricity with the steam

inlet parameters as specified in this specifications. The steam turbine, gear box, main oil pump

with its interconnecting piping and its supports shall be assembled and aligned on a single skid

and shall be delivered. All the cabling within the skid shall be laid in the metal conduits and

shall be fixed to the base frame with respective junction boxes mounted on the skid. Main

component & associated system of the Turbine are described below;

Casing : It is essentially a pressure vessel, which must be capable of withstanding the working

pressure & temperature of the steam. The casing is supported on each end, with provision to

permit enhancement at one end. The fixed blades (Orifice) are supported in the casing.

Rotor : It supports the moving blade.

Blades : These are the most important component of turbine as these are responsible for the

converting heat energy to mechanical.

Gland Sealing System : Glands are used on turbine to prevent or reduce the leakage of steam

air between rotating & stationary components which have a pressure difference with the

pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure then there will be a leakage of steam

outward (HP sides). If the cylinder is below atmospheric pressure, then there will be leakage of

air (LP side). Steam is generally used for sealing of labyrinth glands.




LP Heater: The condensate pumped by the condensate pump is heated in the LP heater by

steam extracted from the turbine after it has performed some useful work. This improves the

cycle efficiency.

Turbine Oil System : The high pressure hydraulic oil for turbine control, oil for bearing

lubrication of turbine generator are received from the turbine shaft mounted main oil pump.

Start up AC and emergency DC pumps are provided for start up and maintain bearing oil flow

during turbine trip. Turbine Oil Coolers are provided to cool the bearing oil.

Turbine Governing System: The main purpose of governor is to maintain speed of turbine

during fluctuation of load on the generator by varying steam input to the turbine. The

governing system consists of hydraulically operated Control Valves. It helps to start the turbine

from rest to rated speed and synchronizing with the grid. The load on the generator can be

controlled in a pre-determined manner by the control valves. Emergency stop valve is provided

to shut off the steam supply to the turbine completely in abnormal & emergency situation.

Generator & its Auxiliaries

Generator : The generator shall be of CACW, brush less design with horizontal shaft mounted

AC exciter driven by a steam turbine through reduction gearing and fitted with one PMG on

the extended shaft of alternator. Supplier shall clearly specify the Excitation arrangement in

case PMG is not applicable. The Generator shall be capable of delivering the maximum output

obtainable from the steam turbine under any operating conditions at 0.8 power factor lag, 11

kv output with a frequency of 50 Hz. Main component & associated system of the generator

are described below;

Stator: The stator houses the armature winding also supports the rotor bearings. The

insulation of the windings is Class “F”, but designed for temp rise for Class “B” insulation.

Rotor: The generator rotor is cylindrical in construction and carries the DC field windings. The

field is normally of 2 or 4 pole design.

Generator Bearing: These are the pedestal type of spherical sealing to show self-alignment &

are support on s separate pedestal on suffering sides & turbine side.

Generator Cooling System: The heat loss in the generator windings are dissipated by air

circulated by the rotor mounted fans. This heat should be taken off for safe operation of the

generator. The air is in turn could be generator air coolers, located at four corners. Water is

the cooling medium.




Generator Excitation System: The DC Power supply to the field winding will be given either

through a static excitation system or through shaft mounted brush-less excitation system. The

control system varies the DC Current to change the terminal voltage or reactive power.

Generator Protection: Generator has to be protected from faults occurring within generator

stator or rotor & also from external faults/ abnormal operating condition in the grid which

effected the generator. Various devise are used to detect which can give warning alarm or trip

the unit automatically as required.

2.8 PLANT FACILITIES & OTHERREQUIREMENTS

2.8.1 Raw Material Receipt and Storage Yard

The raw material will be received by trucks and stored in siloes.

2.9 JUSTIFICATION OF PRODUCTION ENHANCEMENT

Details are given below:

The existing plant is designed for 100 Kilo Liters per (KLPD) day at 8 to 9% v/v alcohol in

fermented wash.

Fermenter volumes, Distillation column diameters, Evaporation feed rate and Condensate

polishing unit is designed considering above design parameters.

However recent developments in enzymes required in the process to convert starch in to

sugar and sugar to alcohol by different enzyme suppliers.

Following changes have taken place in operating parameters:

Majority of Grain based distilleries are now operating at 13 to 14% alcohol in fermented

wash using these most efficient enzymes.

Percentage of recycle of thin slops has been increased from 25% to 35%.

The overall resultant is the plant capacity can be increased by 30% max of the total spirit

capacity without addition of new equipment's or utilities like steam & water.

No change in steam, water or power consumption.

Since higher concentration of alcohol in wash , thin slops circulation can be increase from

25 to 35% in the process

2.10 DESCRIPTION of MITIGATION MEASURES

Following mitigation measures have been adopted by M/s Privilege Industries Ltd to minimize

the impact of project on the surrounding environment:




S.No. Particulars Mitigation measures to be adopted

1. Air Environment All major sources of air pollution is provided with ESP to

maintain PM emissions below permissible limits (i.e. <50

mg/Nm3)

Proper maintenance of vehicles is being done regularly.

CPCB guidelines for Fugitive dust emission control is being

followed.

Green belt has been developed along the plant premises as

dust preventive barrier

Regular air quality monitoring is being carried out as per

CPCB/MPCB norms.

2. Water Environment The proposed expansion in the grain based distillery will

continue to be based on “Zero Liquid Discharge”.

Spent wash is being treated in Multi effect evaporator

(MEE). Processes Condensate is being treated and used as

make-up water in cooling tower.

Spent less is being recycled to process as well as to cooling

tower as make up water.

Septic tank followed by soak pit is provided.

Zero liquid discharge norms is followed.

3. Solid/Hazardous Waste

Environment

Ash from boiler will be sold to brick manufactures/dispose

as per MoEF&CC notification.

MEE Spent wash will be used as Cattle feed.




4. Noise Environment Proper maintenance, oiling and greasing of machines at

regular intervals is being done to reduce generation of

noise.

Personal protective equipment like earplugs and earmuffs is

being provided to the workers exposed to high noise level.

Green belt development (33% of the Plant area) (plantation

of dense trees across the boundary) has also helped in

reducing noise level in the plant as a result of attenuation of

noise generated due to plant generated due to plant

operations and transportation.

Acoustic enclosure for turbine and D.G. sets is used.

Regular monitoring of noise level is being carried out.

5. Odour management The remedial measures are being taken such as better

housekeeping by regular steaming of all fermentation

equipment.

Temperature is being kept under control during

fermentation to avoid in-activation/ killing of yeast.

Staling of fermented wash would also be avoided.

--------------


B-1, M.I.D.C. Lonand, Khandala Mandal, Satara District in the State of Maharashtra M/s. Privilege Industries Limited


CHAPTER 3

DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 3.0 Introduction

The main objectives of describing the environment, which may be potentially affected, are (i) to

assess present environmental quality and the environmental impacts and (ii) to identify

environmentally significant factors. The chapter contains information on existing environmental

scenario of the proposed project study area.

3.1 Study Area

Various environmental parameters study has been done within 10 Km radius area of the

proposed project site. The study area map is given in Chapter 1, Figure 1.3.

3.2 Study Period

The Terms of Reference (ToR) was issued on 3rd

July 2018. Baseline study has been conducted for

the period of December 2017 to February 2018.

3.3 Components and Methodology

To achieve the objectives of ToR, M/s. Sai Manasa Nature Tech Pvt. Ltd. team members visited

the study area and monitored the environmental parameters as per of ToR Letter and accordance

with the Guidelines for EIA, issued by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change,

Government of India. The components of the study are given below:

Sr. No. Functional Area Sr. No. Functional Area

1 Land Use 7 Geology

2 Hydrogeology 8 Air Quality and Meteorology

3 Air Environment 9 Noise Environment

4 Water Environment 10 Land Environment

5 Biological Environment 11 Socio-economic Environment

6 Solid and Hazardous Waste 12 Risk Assessment

Data Collection Methodology

The baseline information on micro-meteorology, ambient air quality, water quality, noise levels,

soil quality and floristic descriptions are largely drawn from the data generated by M/s KIWIS Eco

Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. (NABL and MoEFCC Accredited Lab). The FAE are also involved in selection

of monitoring locations and data collection. Long term meteorological data recorded at the

nearest IMD station, Pune was also collected. Micrometeorological data at site was recorded




using automatic weather station. Apart from these, secondary data have been collected from

Census Handbook, Revenue Records, Statistical Department, Soil Survey and Land use

Organization, District Industries Centre, Forest Department, Central Ground Water Authority, etc.

3.3.1 Land Use Pattern of the Study Area

(A) Data Used

Indian Remote Sensing satellite, multi-spectral digital data has been used for the preparation of

land use/ land cover map of present study. Survey of India reference map on 1:50,000 scales

have been used for the preparation of base map and geometric correction of satellite data.

Ground truthing has been carried out to validate the interpretation accuracy and reliability of

remotely sensed data, by enabling verification of the interpreted details and by supplementing

with the information, which cannot be obtained directly on satellite imagery.

(B) Methodology

The methodology used for the study consists of following components.

Methodology Adopted for Thematic Data Extraction from the Satellite Imageries

ERDAS image processing software and ARC/GIS software were used for the project. ERDAS 9.2

image processing software was used for digital processing of the spatial data. Digital image

processing techniques were applied for the mapping of the land use land cover classes of the

provided area from the satellite data. Methodology Used for Land use Classification and

Mapping is presented in Figure 3.1.

Figure- 3.1: Methodology Used for Land use Classification and Mapping




Results

In the present study, both digital image processing and using visual interpretation technique

were used to generate output of Land use cover map of study area. A land use cover map image

has also been generated on the same scale (Figure 3.2). The land use pattern of the study area is

given in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1: Land Use Pattern of the Study Area

S.

No. Class Area (Ha)

1 Water Body 835.63

2 Settlement 768.56

3 Barren Land 3694.14

4 Open scrub 3407.23

5 Fallow land 7410.68

6 Agriculture Land 15290.56

Total 31406.8




Figure 3.2: Land Use Pattern of the Study Area (10 km Radius from the Project Site)




3.3.2 Geology

The geographical area of Satara district is 10,480 km2 and is spread over 11 talukas viz. Satara,

Koregaon, Jaoli, Mahabaleshwar, Wai, Khandala, Phaltan, Maan, Khatav, Patan and Karad. The

recorded forest area of the district including sanctuary areas is 1570.51 sq.km that is 14.98% of

the geographical area of the district. The Satara forest division however has a forest area of

1,309.18 km2 that is spread over 12 forest ranges and all 11 talukas and is 12.49 % of the

geographical area.

The entire area of the district is covered by basaltic lava flows of upper cretaceous of lower

Eocene age. The basalt is capped by laterite of younger age which is bound in the plateau above

900 mtrs from mean sea level. Alluvium occurs in patches along banks of rivers Krishna, Yenna,

Kudali and Koyana with average thickness of 10 mtrs and contains pebbles, boulders of trap and

beds of sand.

Rocks

The Deccan trap which belongs to the type called plateau basalt is extremely uniform in

composition over wide areas and is generally dark greenish-grey in colour but brownish to

purple tints are also met within geological mapping. Detailed petrographic studies of the fabric

pattern of the various lava flows in parts of the area have brought to light, a succession of at

least 12 units, forming five different flows, between altitudes 533 mtrs and 915 mtrs above MSL.

The various flows appear to be fairly thick, varying from 60 to 120 mtrs, the individual cooling

units varying from 10 to 80 meters in thickness. The flows cover wide areas and few of them

have been traced over a distance of over 30 km.

Petro logically, the flows could be classified as (i) massive, compact and/or the grain basalt and

(ii) vesicular zeolitic basalt and red bole. The term massive basalt has been applied to fine

grained basalt with very few vesicles. Vesicular basalt have vesicles 4 to 5 meters in diameter,

which are generally lined up with zeolite, calcite etc. The distribution and density of vesicles in

the same flow may vary greatly. 'Red bole' beds are composed of ferruginous clayey substance

of brick red colour.

The structure of these basalt flows is simple as there is no folding or pronounced faulting in the

area. The various flows may be described as horizontal although a negligible amount of tilt

towards East is indicated by the difference of levels of red bole beds and a few comparable

flows.




Following salient facts, however, emerge from the comparable studies of different basalt flows

in the area under reference viz. (a) broad sequences of lava eruption are manifested in the area

and (b) there is an apparent decrease in the proportion of massive lava from West to East. The

volcanic rocks weather differently in the high rainfall zone in Satara district where there is a thick

lateritic cover than in the low rainfall area.

Laterite rests on the Deccan trap at an elevation of about 900 meters capping the summits of the

hills in the Western portion of the area. It has a thickness of about 30/40 mtrs and is a

scoriaceous and variegated clayey rock with characteristic red and brown colour. A fairly thick

formation of lithomargic clays occur in between the laterite and Deccan trap in the Western

parts of Satara district.

Terrain View in Study Area

Soil

The soils in the Satara district belong to three main classes Viz. (a) Reddish brown soil in the hills

(b) Black and (c) Light coloured soil in the plains, depending on the nature of underlying rocks.

The red clayey soil in the Sahyadri hill ranges is formed from the disintegration of laterite and is

thin and poor on upper hill slopes and rich on lower gentle slopes. It is greatly neutralized by a

mixture of humus which adds to its fertility in dense forest areas while in open areas it is

extremely poor and forms hard strata. The typical laterite soil found in the Study area. Rich black

soil is also found in Wai, Jaoli, Patan and Karad tahsils especially along the banks of leading

streams. In the Krishna valley it is found in the broadest belt and is said to be one of the richest

in the South. Medium to deep black alluvial soil is found in the central portion of Satara district.

The leading light coloured soil is in the 'malran' or 'murummal' a poor and hard rocky soil

common at the bases of mere Eastern hills.




Red Laterite Soil

3.3.3 Hydrogeology

The entire district is underlying by Deccan trap basaltic lava flow of Upper Cretaceous to Lower

Eocene age. The shallow alluvial formation of recent age also occurs as narrow stretch along the

major rivers flowing in the district however, they have limited areal extension. Hydrogeology of

the district is shown in Map.

Hard rock (Deccan Trap Basalt)

Deccan trap occupies about 95% of the area of the district. It occurs as basaltic lava flows which

are normally horizontal and deposited over wide stretch and give rise to tabular type of

topography also known as plateau. These flows occur in layered sequence ranging in thickness

from 4 to 66 m. Flows are represented by massive portion at bottom and vesicular portion at top

and are separated from each other by marker bole bed. Thickness of weathering varies widely in

the district from 5 m to 20 m bgl. The weathered and fractured flows occurring in topographic

lows form the main aquifer in the district. The ground water occurs under phreatic, semi –

confined and confined conditions. Generally, the shallower zones down to depth of 20 m bgl

form phreatic aquifer. The water bearing zones occurring between the depth of 20 m and 40 m

are weathered interflow of shear zones and have water under semi-confined condition. Deep

confined aquifers occur below the depth of 40m. The vesicular thickness of different lava flows

varies from 8 to 10 m and forms the potential aquifer zones. However, the nature and density of

vesicles their distribution, interconnection, depth of weathering and topography of the area are

decisive factor for occurrence and movement of ground water in vesicular unit. The massive

portion of basaltic lava flows are devoid of water but when it is weathered , fractured, jointed or

contain weaker zones, ground water occur in it. In winter season the yield of dug wells varies

between 10 to 190 m3/day where as in summer it varies between 5 to 20 m

3/day. The discharge

of aquifer tapping shallow and deeper aquifer ranges from traces to 15 lps as observed from

exploration studies.




Soft Rock (Alluvium)

Soft rock occurs as narrow stretches along banks and flood plains of major river like Nira, Man,

Krishna and Yerala and their tributaries in the soft rock or alluvium, the course grained detrital

like sand and gravel usually occurring as lenses forms good aquifer, however they have limited

areal extension. The groundwater occurs in phreatic aquifer under water table conditions in

flood plain alluvium deposits near the river banks.

Sources: Government of India Ministry of Water Resources Central Ground Water Board Report

3.3.4 Air Quality & Meteorology

Climate

The climate of the area is characterized by a hot and dry summer from March to May, a south-

west monsoon or rainy season from June to September, a pleasant post-monsoon or retreating

monsoon from October to November and a cool winter from December to February. Therefore,

climatologically, four seasons viz. summer (pre-monsoon), monsoon, post-monsoon and winter

could be deciphered comprising the following months:

Summer : March, April, May

Monsoon : June, July, August, and September

Post-monsoon : October, November




Winter : December, January, and February

Air Pollutants upon discharge to atmosphere pass through a number of mechanisms, which

include diffusion and transportation leading to dispersion. These mechanisms are governed by

the local atmospheric conditions. All these result in the necessity to collect the meteorological

parameters like ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction, and other weather conditions

(relative humidity, atmospheric pressure etc.), which will be ultimately used for the prediction of

the ground level concentrations of the air pollutants through mathematical modeling.

For this purpose a temporary auto weather station was installed to record micro meteorological

data on wind speed, wind direction, Ambient Temperature, Solar Insulation and Relative

Humidity on hourly basis.

The primary data from the site was matched with secondary data of IMD station, Pune for data

proofing.

A sophisticated on-site meteorological observatory was established near project site and

operated continuously for three months’ period (December 2017 to February 2018). The

observatory was located about 10 m above the ground level and ensured to be free from any

obstruction to wind. Besides, this location was found to be most suitable one being close to the

project site. The Wind rose diagram for the entire period is shown in Figures 3.3 (A) and 3.3 (B).

The IMD and site specific meteorological data is given in Table 3.2 (A) and Table 3.2 (B).

Table 3.2 (A): Meteorological Data (Monthly Average)– IMD Pune

Month Temperature (0C) Humidity (%) Rain Fall (mm)

Min. Max. 8.30 17.30

January 7.1 32.6 31 74 0.0

February 8.2 35.9 23 61 0.5

March 11.7 38.9 21 50 5.3

April 16.3 41.1 26 48 16.6

May 18.9 40.8 38 58 40.6

June 20.8 36.9 62 75 116.1

July 20.7 31.8 76 84 187.2

August 19.8 30.2 78 86 122.3

September 18.2 32.8 71 83 120.1

October 13.8 34.1 51 76 77.9

November 10.0 32.8 42 72 30.2

December 8.0 31.9 37 74 4.8

Total 721.7

Temperature

Summers are extremely hot in the area where the temperature goes up to 37.5OC in the month




of May. In winter the temperature goes down to 14.5 OC in the month of December. December

and January are the coldest months when the minimum average temperature in summer goes to

around Max.37.5oC & Min.26

oC and in winter goes to Max.29.8

o& Min 14.5

oC.

Relative Humidity

The relative humidity varies from season to season. The average lowest relative humidity at 8.30

hr and 17.30 are observed around 21% and 48% in the summer season. The average highest

relative humidity at 8.30 hr and 17.30 hr are observed around 78% and 86 % in the monsoon

season.

Rainfall

The south-west monsoon generally arrives in the first week of July and continues up to the end

of August. 70% of the rainfall occurs during this period. The average rainfall of the district is

721.7 millimeters. The rainfall in the district is greater in the sub mountain parts of the district

and decreases rapidly towards the southwest.

Table 3.2 (B): Meteorological Data – Site Specific Data

Month Temperature (0C) Humidity (%) Rain Fall (mm)

Min. Max. Min. Max.

December -17 8.9 32.1 21.1 59.9 4.8

January -18 10.4 32.7 21.7 76.1 15.1

February -18 11.7 33.5 23.4 74.4 6.8

Total 26.7

Temperature

The temperature goes down to 8.9 OC in the month of December. December is the coldest

months and Maximum Temperature was observed 33.5oC in the month ofFebuary.

Relative Humidity

The Humidity goes down to 21.1% in the month of December and Minimum was observed 76.1

in the month of January.

Rainfall

The average rainfall of the district is 26.7 millimeters. The rainfall in the district is greater in the

sub mountain parts of the district and decreases rapidly towards the southwest.

Wind Pattern

Wind pattern reveals that predominant direction of wind is mostly from N, NE and NW.




Figure 3.3 (A): Windrose Diagram (IMD Pune)

December January

February




Figure 3.3 (B): Windrose Diagram (Site Specific)

3.3.5 Air Environment

An assessment of the existing air quality is required to establish the reference level. To

accomplish this, Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) Stations were set up within 10 km

radius of ongoing mining area. Data over baseline status of ambient air quality was generated

with following objectives:

Qualitative analysis of air environment of the area.

Representation of regional back ground levels

Influence of existing sources of pollution

The major contributors/sources of air pollution in the area are:

Vehicular traffic

Windblown Dust

Industries

Ambient Air Quality

The ambient air quality monitoring was carried out at 8 locations. The location and descriptions

of AAQM stations is shown in Table 3.3 & Figure 3.4. The parameters monitored during the




study period were PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, and CO. The results of AAQM are depicted in the

Table 3.4. Details are attached as Annexure 7.

Table 3.3: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

Code Name Distance From Project Site

(km)

Direction

w.r.t. Project Site

Coordinates

A1 Project Site --- ---- 18° 3'42.24"N

74°10'21.45"E

A2 Padegaon Village 5.0 NE 18° 4'32.18"N

74°12'48.99"E

A3 Andori Village 5.0 NW 18° 5'16.54"N

18° 5'16.54"N

A4 KhedBhudruk 4.5 WSW 18° 2'7.92"N

74° 8'9.57"E

A5 Nimbodi Village 8.0 SW 18° 0'26.01"N

74° 9'3.98"E

A6 Tambave Village 8.5 S 17°59'22.28"N

74°10'0.16"E

A7 Chamarwadi

Village

6.5 SE 17°59'35.72"N

74°11'48.80"E

A8 Lonand 1.5 SE 18° 2'11.95"N

74°11'5.43"E

Table 3.4 (A): Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results

Name of Village (s) PM10

(µg/m3 )

PM 2.5

(µg/m3)

NOx

(µg/m3)

Max. Min. 98th

% Max. Min. 98th

% Max. Min. 98th

%

Project Site 81.3 57.3 80.0 41.1 32.1 41.0 29.7 20.1 29.7

Padegaon Village 76.3 63.1 75.8 42.3 32.5 42.3 28.0 18.0 28.0

Andori Village 65.9 50.8 65.3 39.7 30.7 39.7 25.8 18.3 25.7

KhedBhudruk 71.3 50.2 70.4 37.6 30.1 37.6 28.0 20.2 28.0

Nimbodi Village 68.5 55.6 67.9 37.8 28.5 37.7 24.0 18.0 24.0

Tambave Village 71.3 58.6 70.8 39.6 31.5 39.0 30.4 20.1 30.3

Chamarwadi Village 64.9 55.4 64.9 35.8 22.8 38.0 25.2 18.9 25.2

Lonand 77.6 52.5 76.1 39.8 28.6 39.7 28.0 18.2 27.9

Standards 100 60 80

Table 3.4 (B): Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results

Name of Village (s) SO2

(µg/m3)

CO

(mg/m3)

Max. Min. 98th

% Max. Min. 98th

%

Project Site 18.3 12.2 18.2 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50

Padegaon Village 19.9 12.4 19.3 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50

Andori Village 17.9 12.4 17.7 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50

KhedBhudruk 20.0 16.3 20.0 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50

Nimbodi Village 17.9 12.5 17.7 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50

Tambave Village 17.8 10.3 17.6 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50




Chamarwadi Village 17.5 10.1 17.0 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50

Lonand 17.5 10.5 17.5 <0.50 <0.50 <0.50

Standards 80 4

Conclusion

PM10

The maximum and minimum valves for PM10 were found in the range of 50.2 µg/m3

and81.3µg/m3.

PM2.5

The maximum and minimum valves for PM2.5 were found in the range of 22.8 µg/m3 and 42.3

µg/m3.

SO2

The maximum and minimum valves for SO2 were found in the range of 10.1 µg/m3 and 20.0

µg/m3.

NOx

The maximum and minimum valves for NOx were found in the range of 18.0 µg/m3 and 30.4

µg/m3.




Figure 3.4: Ambinent Air Quality Monitoring Locations




3.3.6 Noise Level

Noise survey has been conducted in the study area covering residential transportation

commercial and calm zones. The main objective of noise monitoring in the study area is to

establish the baseline noise level, which is needed for assessing impact of total noise which is

expected to be generated in the proposed project activities.

Noise is measured in terms of loudness of the sound. Sound is a form of energy that propagates

through an elastic medium at a speed that is determined by the properties of that medium.

Since loudness of sound is important to the effects of noise on people, dependence of loudness

upon frequency must be taken into account in environmental noise assessments. Several

methods have been developed by researchers using the frequency spectrum of sound arrive at

the loudness index or the given sound. For measuring the intensity of the sound “Sound level

meter” is used which gives intensity of sound in terms of dB (A).

The basic step associated with impact assessment on the noise components of the environment

involves identification and evaluation of the present noise status on the general population.

Therefore noise level measurement was carried out at each ambient air quality station and also

at site. The objectives of Noise environment studies are:

To assess the ambient noise level in the study area.

To characterize the noise pollution area.

To predict the temporal changes in the ambient noise level of the area.

Noise pollution in the study area is associated with the Industrial activities, Vehicular traffic. To

judge the ambient noise level of the area, noise levels were recorded at 8 locations in dB (A). The

details of location are given in Table 3.5 and Figure 3.5. Noise level monitoring near to

equipments/machines used at Plant site, was also carried out in dB (A) scale.

Table 3.5: Noise Quality Monitoring Stations

Code Name Distance from project site

(km)

Direction w.r.t. Project

site

N1 Project Site --- Center

N2 Padegaon Village 5.0 NE

N3 Andori Village 5.0 NW

N4 KhedBhudruk 4.5 WSW

N5 Nimbodi Village 8.0 SW

N6 Tambave Village 8.5 S

N7 Chamarwadi Village 6.5 SE

N8 Lonand 1.5 SE




The ambient noise Monitoring results are given in Table 3.6.

Table 3.6: Ambient Noise Level Monitoring Results

S.

No

Name of the place

Category of

Area/zone

Day Time

In Leq

dB (A)

Night Time

In Leq

dB (A)

CPCB

Standards

(Day time)

CPCB

Standards

(Night time)

1. Project Site Industrial 69.3 60.3 75dB (A) 70dB (A)

2. Padegaon Village Residential 54.2 46.8 55dB (A) 45dB (A)

3. Andori Village Residential 54.6 45.4 55dB (A) 45dB (A)

4. KhedBhudruk Residential 54.9 44.1 55dB (A) 45dB (A)

5. Nimbodi Village Residential 53.8 42.9 55dB (A) 45dB (A)

6. Tambave Village Residential 53.5 43.2 55dB (A) 45dB (A)

7. Chamarwadi Village Residential 54.0 43.6 55dB (A) 45dB (A)

8. Lonand Commercial 58.7 48.7 65dB (A) 55dB (A)

Conclusion

The day noise quality values were found in the range of 69.3 dB (A) and 53.5 dB (A). the night time

values were found in the range of 60.3 dB (A) and 42.9 dB (A).




Figure 3.5: Noise Monitoring Locations





Water is one of the vital, prominent resources for all living things on earth. The practice of

inadequate access to clean drinking water and lacking of good and consistent sanitation

facilities is the impetus for the most significant environmental problem and threat to public

health in both rural and urban India. Almost all the surface water sources are contaminated to

some extent by organic pollutants and bacterial contamination and make them unfit for human

consumption unless disinfected.

Data on baseline condition of water environment of the study area was collected with following

objectives:

Qualitative assessment of water sources of the area.

To judge the temporal changes in water quality of different sources.

To predict the impact of Power Plant over water environment of the area.

To judge the water environment of the area, both the sources of water (surface/ground) were

given due consideration. Water samples were collected and analysed for various parameters.

Based on the analysis of different parameters, results were checked up against the limits set up

to statuary authorities. Reconnaissance survey of the area was made for the selection of

sampling location for surface and ground water analysis. Stations were selected keeping the

objectives in mind, details of study is presented below:

3.3.7.1 Surface Water

There is Nira river in the study area. The sampling locations were selected at 2 different stations

of river. Samples were collected and analyzed as per standard methods and frequency of

sampling was thrice /station. The details of the monitoring locations of surface water and

ground water are presented in Table 3.6, Table 3.7 and Figure 3.8 respectively. The analysis

results of the surface water and ground water collected from sampling stations are presented in

the Table-3.8 and Table 3.9 respectively.

Table 3.7 : Surface Water Quality Monitoring Stations

Code Name Distance From Project

Site (Km)

Direction w.r.t.

Project Site

SW1 Nira River (Upstream) 8.5 NW

SW2 Nira River (Downstream) 9.0 NE




Table 3.8: Ground Water Quality Monitoring Stations

Code Name Distance From

Project Site (km)

Direction w.r.t. Project

Site

GW1 Project Site --- Center

GW2 Padegaon Village 5.0 NE

GW3 Andori Village 5.0 NW

GW4 KhedBhudruk 4.5 WSW

GW5 Nimbodi Village 8.0 SW

GW6 Tambave Village 8.5 S

GW7 Chamarwadi Village 6.5 SE

GW8 Lonand 1.5 SE

Table 3.9: Surface Water Analysis Report of River Water

S.

No.

Parameter Acceptable Limits

as per IS: 10500

(2012)

Permissible

Limits as per

IS: 10500

(2012)

Units

SW1

SW2

1 pH 6.5 – 8.5 No relaxation - 8.4 8.24

2 Color 5 15 Hazen <5 <5

3 Conductivity (250C) NS NS S/cm 321 452.0

4 Dissolved Oxygen NS NS mg/l 6.8 4.6

5 BOD ( 5 days at 20oC) NS NS mg/l 7.3 6.1

6 Total Dissolved Solids 500 2000 mg/l 296.4 302.8

7 Total Hardness 200 600 mg/l 126 238.0

8 Chloride as Cl- 250 2000 mg/l 64.6 96.2

9 Fluorides as F2+

1.0 1.5 mg/l 0.26 0.31

10 Sulphate as SO42-

200 400 mg/l 27.8 37.61

11 Alkalinity 200 600 mg/l 101.7 180.3

12 Nitrates as NO3- 45 No relaxation mg/l 0.26 0.51

13 Cyanides as CN 0.05 No relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01

14 Calcium as Ca2+

75 200 mg/l 21.2 64.7

15 Magnesium as Mg2+

30 100 mg/l 17.8 18.62

16 Sodium as Na+ NS NS mg/l 42.1 54.92

17 Potassium as K+ NS NS mg/l 3.12 6.8

18 Iron as Fe2+ 0.3 No relaxation mg/l 0.12 0.26

19 Chromium as Cr6+

0.05 No relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01

20 Cadmium as Cd+2


21 Lead as Pb2+


22 Copper as Cu+ 0.05 1.5 mg/l <0.01 <0.01

23 Arsenic as As3+


24 Selenium as Se2-


25 Phenolics as C6H5OH 0.001 0.002 mg/l <0.001 <0.001

26 Zinc as Zn2+

5 15 mg/l <0.5 <0.5

27 Mercury as Hg2+


28 Aluminum as Al3+

0.03 0.2 mg/l <0.03 <0.03

29 Oil and grease 0.5 No relaxation mg/l <1.0 <1.0

30 Total Coliform Shall not be

detectable in any

100 ml Sample

Shall not be

detectable in

any 100 ml

Sample

MPN/

100 ml

1200 22.0




Surface Water

pH is observed in the range of 7.89 to 8.24 and conductivity varied from 396 to 820 mhos/cm.

Chloride and Sulphate were observed to be in the range of 49.98-102.47mg/l and from 22.11-

42.60mg/l respectively. The heavy metal contents are found to be negligible. Water quality is

excellent but it is not potable due to presence of coliform. It can be used for drinking purpose

after installing bacteriological treatment devices at individual or at community level.

Ground Water

Sampling was carried out at 8 locations during the study period. Sampling and analysis was

carried out, as per standard methods and frequency of the sampling was thrice/stations. The

result of the analysis of Ground water is presented in Table 3.10 and the summary of the results

are presented below: pH in ground water sample was observed to be in the range 6.98 to 8.03

while conductivity was observed in the range of 652- 1157S/cm. The value of alkalinity and

hardness were observed in the range of 132 – 160 mg/l and 158 to 170 mg/l respectively.

Whereas heavy metals were found to be within the limit.

Table 3.10: Ground Water Analysis Report

S.

No.

Parameter Desirable

Limits

Permissible

Limits

Units GW1

GW2

GW3

GW4

GW5

GW6

GW7

GW8

1 pH 6.5 – 8.5 No Relaxation - 8.02 7.64 7.32 7.27 7.30 6.97 7.01 7.41

2 Color 5 25 Hazen <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0 <5.0

3 Taste Agreeable Agreeable

- Agreeable Agreea

ble

Agreeab

le

Agreeab

le

Agreeab

le

Agreeab

le

Agreeab

le

Agreea

ble

4 Odor Agreeable Agreeable

- Agreeable Agreea

ble

Agreeab

le

Agreeab

le

Agreeab

le

Agreeab

le

Agreeab

le

Agreea

ble

5 Conductivity

(250C)

NS NS S/cm 951 1015 1321 780 651.0 1148.0 751.0 755.0

6 Turbidity 1 5 NTU 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

7 Total Dissolve

solids

500 2000 mg/l 621.5 674.0 853.5 496.5 425.0 742.0 466.5 514.0

8 Total Hardness

as CaCO3

200 600 mg/l 341 362 408 323 351.0 338.0 279.0 310.0

9 Total Alkalinity 200 600 mg/l 200 220 240 180 230.0 210.0 140.0 160.0

10 Calcium as Ca2+

75 200 mg/l 80.16 84.17 104.21 80.16 110.22 80.16 70.14 80.16

11 Magnesium as

Mg2+

30 100 mg/l 34.02 36.45 32.81 29.16 18.22 34.02 25.52 24.3

12 Residual

Chlorine

0.2 1 mg/l <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0

13 Boron 0.5 1 mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

14 Chloride as Cl- 250 1000 mg/l 79.97 84.97 109.96 69.97 59.98 149.95 99.97 89.97

15 Sulphates as

SO42-

200 400 mg/l 24.26 28.13 34.51 22.7 15.88 27.91 25.17 11.73

16 Fluorides as F2+

1.0 1.5 mg/l 0.54 0.47 0.61 0.58 0.11 0.14 0.20 0.21

17 Nitrates as NO3- 45 No Relaxation mg/l 1.52 2.26 3.14 1.18 1.51 4.21 3.12 1.03

18 Sodium as Na+ NS NS mg/l 41.73 53.28 80.82 46.89 32.14 78.24 40.12 44.56

31 Fecal Coliform Shall not be

detectable in any

100 ml Sample

Shall not be

detectable in

any 100 ml

Sample

MPN/

100 ml

220 6.0




S.

No.

Parameter Desirable

Limits

Permissible

Limits

Units GW1

GW2

GW3

GW4

GW5

GW6

GW7

GW8

19 Potassium as K+ NS NS mg/l 3.72 4.12 4.48 3.08 2.81 3.27 2.61 1.33

20 Phenolic

Compounds

as C6H5OH

0.001 0.002 mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

21 Cyanides 0.05 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

22 Anionic

Detergents

0.2 1.0 mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

23 Mineral Oil 0.5 No Relaxation mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

24 Cadmium as

Cd2+

0.003 No Relaxation mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

25 Arsenic as As3+


26 Copper as Cu+ 0.05 1.5 mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

27 Lead as Pb2+


28 Manganese as

Mn2+

0.1 0.3 mg/l <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

29 Iron as Fe2+

0.3 1.0 mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

30 Chromium as

Cr6+


31 Zinc as Zn2+

5 15 mg/l <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

32 Aluminum as

Al3+

0.03 0.2 mg/l <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03

33 Mercury as Hg2+


34 Total Coliform Shall not be

detectable in

any 100 ml

Sample

Shall not be

detectable in

any 100 ml

Sample

MPN/

100 ml

12.0 10.0 8.0 10.0 <2.0 12 <2.0 10




Figure 3.6: Water Quality Monitoring Stations




3.3.8 Land Environment (Soil Quality)

Baseline data over soil environment of the study area was generated during the study period

with following objectives:

To judge the physico-chemical characteristics of the soil.

To analysis the impact of industry over soil environment.

To judge the agricultural productivity of soil.

To study of soil characteristics of the region, eight locations were selected in the study area.

Locations were selected, keeping in mind that study should reflect the characteristics of the area

as a whole. The samples were analysed as per standard methods and frequency of the sampling

was thrice/ station. The location of soil sampling is presented in Table: 3.11 and Figure 3.7.

Table 3.11: Details of Soil Sampling Locations

The analysis results of soil sampled during the study period are presented in Table 3.12.

Code Name Distance from

Project site (km)

Direction w.r.t.

Project site

S1 Project Site --- Center

S2 Padegaon Village 5.0 NE

S3 Andori Village 5.0 NW

S4 KhedBhudruk 4.5 WSW

S5 Nimbodi Village 8.0 SW

S6 Tambave Village 8.5 S

S7 Chamarwadi Village 6.5 SE

S8 Lonand 1.5 SE




Figure 3.7: Soil Quality Monitoring Stations




Table 3.12: Soil Analysis Report

Sr.

No. Parameter

S1

S2

S3

S4

S5

S6 S7

S8

1 Texture

A Sand (%) 36 37 40 38 43 30 36 34

B Silt (%) 49 50 45 50 47 55 51 50

C Clay (%) 15 13 15 12 14 15 13 16

2 pH 7.94 8.01 8.24 8.36 7.93 6.40 8.97 8.21

3 EC (µs/cm) 181.4 165.3 48.2 161.6 120.4 98.6 68.1 140.2

4 Bulk Density (g/cc) 1.23 1.36 1.29 1.32 1.16 1.19 1.21 1.24

5 SAR 0.43 0.52 0.87 1.05 0.98 1.29 1.04 0.96

6 Available Nitrogen

(kg/ha) 60.4 52.4 46.2 54.8 59.3 62.9 64.8 59.1

7 Available P as PO4

(kg/ha) 8.0 6.3 5.1 7.8 18.2 8.5 13.6 18.0

8 Available K (kg/ha) 169.0 124 103 130 164 178 135 166

9 Exchangeable Ca

(meq/100gr) 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.5 1.9 2.3 2.2 1.9

10 Exchangeable Mg

(meq/100gr) 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.17 2.99 2.69 3.09

11 Exchangeable Na

(meq/100gr) 0.06 0.05 0.08 0.1 0.08 0.11 0.09 0.08

12 Organic Carbon (%) 0.86 0.92 0.94 1.02 0.93 1.12 1.08 0.89

13 Manganese

(meq/100gr) < 2.0 < 2.0 < 2.0 < 2.0 < 2.0 < 2.0 < 2.0 < 2.0

14 Zinc (meq/100gr) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

15 Boron (meq/100gr) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Conclusion

Sampling was carried out at 8 locations during the study period. The result of the analysis of soil

is presented in Table 3.12 and the summary of the results are presented below: pH in soil

sample was observed in the range 6.40 to 8.97 while bulk density was observed in the range of

1.16 -1.36 g/cc.

3.3.9 Biological Environment

The changes in ecology system are inevitable, consequences of development process. The

denudation of forests due to increasing population, urbanization industrialization has

accelerated the process of environmental degradation in the district. Therefore preservation of

the ecology is one of the most important goals of the planning.

Baseline data over biological environment of the study area was collected/ generated during the

study period with following objectives:

To study the existing condition of aquatic/ terrestrial flora and fauna.

To predict/estimate the effect of Plant along over the biological environment.

Study was carried out for aquatic/terrestrial flora and fauna, detail of which is as under:




Flora

Flora of any region may be termed as the lungs of the region or area. Besides its ecological and

economic values, it also helps to control pollution in air and water. It works as curtain to check

air pollution and noise. The flora of the area is composed of a large number of common species.

The species are listed in Table 3.13.

Table 3.13: Details of Flora around the Study Area

Local

Vernacular

Name

Scientific Name Local Vernacular Name Scientific Name

TREES SHRUBS

Ain Terminaliacrenulata. Duranta Durantaplumerii.

Akas-Nimb Millingtoniahortensis. Erand Ricinuscommunis.

Al or Bartondi Morindatinctoria. Ghagri Crotalariaretusa.

Alu Vengueriaspinosa. Ghaneri, Tanatani Lantanacamara.

Amba Mangiferaindica. Ghatbor Zizyphusxylopyra.

Amberi Nothopegiacolebrookiana. Ghaypat Agavesisalana.

Ambgool, Narali Elceagnuslatijolia. Harki Rauwolfiaserpentina.

Anjani Memecylonedule. Hasoli, Asolin, Shirul Grewiamicrocos.

Apta Bauhiniarecemosa. Henkal Gymnosporiamontana.

Arjun-

SadadaDhavada Terminaliaarjuna. Huli, Gowari Hibiscusfurcatus.

Asana, Katak Brideliaretusa. Ingali Gymnosporiaemarginata.

Avala Phyllanthusembilica. Jephali Jatrophacurcas.

Babul Acaciaarabica. Kanguli, Bandgul

Loranthuslongiflorus

(onteak,ainambaandKumbhi)

L.cunearus (onKinjal).

Bahawa Cassia fistula. Kanheri Neriumodorum.

Behada, Vehola,

Hela Terminaliabelerica. Kanphulia, Bisur Callicarpalanata.

Bel Aeglemarmelos. Kankuti Flemingiastrobilifera.

Bhamini Colebrookiaoppositifolia. Kare Weberacorymbosa.

Bhendi Thespesiapolulnea. Karhi-Nimb Murrayakoenigii.

Bhokar Cordiamyxa. Kari, Bhandire Clerodendroninfortunatum.

Bhoma Glochvdionlanceolarium. Karwand Carissacarendas.

Bhutkes Mussaendafrondosa. Karvi Strobilanthescallosus.

Bhutya Elaeodendronglaucum. Kate-ringani Solanumxanthocarpum.

Biba Semecarpusanacardium. Kaundal Trichosanthespalmata.

Bibi Holigarnaarnottiana. Kavli Phyllanthusreticulatus.

Bibla, Asan Pterocarpusmarsupium. Kevani Helicteresisora.

Bocha Salixichnostachya. Kusari Jasminumarboresoens.

Bondara, Lendi Lagerstroemiaparviflora. LalChameli Quisqualisindica.

Bor Zizyphusjujuba. Lajalu Mimosapudica.

Chandan Santalumalbum. Madzhing Dolichondronlfalcata.

Chandida Macarangaroxburghii. Mahalunga Citrusmedica.

Chapha Micheliachampaca. Mondie Lawsoniaalba.

Char, Charoli Buchananialatifolia. Morbel Clematistriloba.

Chera Erincarpusnimmoanus. Moriel Clematisgouriana.




Chinch Tamarindusindica. Nagphani Opuntiadilleni.

Dahiwan Cordiamacleodii. Nakchikni Maravelliazeylanica.

Kumbhi Careyaarborea. Neptad Capparisaphylla.

KumkumShendri Mallotusphilippinensis. Nigdi Vitextrifolia.

Krpa Hemigyrosacanescens. Nil Indigoferatinctoria.

Kurwat Ficushispida. Nivdung Euphorbianeriifolia.

Kurkuti Connaruswightii. Nivdung Euphorbiaantiquorum.

Lodhra, Lodhya,

Hura Symplocosbeddomei. Pandhari Murrayaexotica.

Lokhandi Ixoraparviflora. Pandharphali Flueggiamicrocarpa.

Maharukh Ailanthusexcelsa. Pitkuli Eugeniazeylanica.

Moha Rassialatifolia. PitkuliPendgul Ixoracoccinea.

Moina, Shemat Lanneagrandis. PiluKatri Salvadoraoleocides.

Mana Legerstraemialanceolata. Pithori GymnosporiaKonkanensis.

Nandruk Ficusretuse. Phulati Acacialatronum.

Neem Azadirachtaindica. Rametha Lasiosiphoneriocephalus.

Nimbara Maliadubia. Rui Catstropiagigantea.

Padali Stereospermumchalonoides. BAMBOO

Palas Bhuteajrondosa. Chiva, Tokar, Modar, Mace. Dendrocalamusstrictus.

Pangara Erythrinaindica. Konda Oxytenantherastocksii.

Pajarabhul Oleadioica. Ranchiva Oxytenantheramonostigma.

Parvi Wendlandianotoniana. Velu, Kalak, Padhai Bambusaarundinacea.

Petari Trewianudiflora. GRASSES

Phanas Artocarpusintegrifolia. Bhongrat Anthistiriaciliata.

Phansi Caralliaintegerrima. Bhalekusal Andropogontricticeus.

Pimpal Ficusreligiosa. Buld grass Cyperusbulbosus.

Pimpar Ficusarnottiana. Chirka Eragrestistremula.

Pimpri Ficustsiela. Chanya marvel Andropogonpertusus.

Putranjiva Putranjivaroxburghii. Condal Andropogonpermilis.

Ranbhendi Thespesialampas. Harali Cynodondactylon.

Ranaphanas Artocarpushirsuta. Kunda Ischaemumpilosum.

Ratamba,

Kokam Carvciniaindica. Kusali Andropogoncontortus.

Ritha Sapindusemarginata. Marvel Andropogonannulatus.

Sag, Teak Tectonagrandis. Hut grass Cyperusrotundus.

Satwin Alstoniaschloris. Pandharikusal Aristidapaniculata.

SawarSewar Bombaxmalabaricum. Pavnya Ischoenumsulcatum.

Sawar Bombaxinsigne. Phuli Apludavaria.

Shindi Phcenixsylvestris. Rosha Andropogonschoenanihus.

Shiras Albizzialebbek. Shenda Ischcenurnlaxum.

Shiras, Kala Albizziaodoratissima. Shimpi Panicumisachne.

Shissam Dalbergialatijolia. Wavashi Saccharumprocerum

Shivan Gmelinaarborea.

Sitaphal Anonasquamosa.

Surangi, Undin Calophylluminophyllum.

Surangi Ochrocarpuslongifolius.

Tad Borassusflabellifer.

Tamalpatra Cinnamomumtamala.




Tembhurni (Diosprosmelanoxylon). Oroxylumindicum.

Tetu Zeanthoxylumrhetsa.

Triphal (Amla, Harad/Haritaki,

Baheda/Vibhitaka) Emblica Officinalis,TerminaliaChebula, Terminalia Bellirica

Tiwas Ougeniadalbergioides.

Tugal, Lallai Albizziaamara.

Um, Hoom Polyalthisucerasoides.

Umber Ficusglmoerata.

Wad Ficusbengalensis.

Warang Kydiacalycina.

Waras Heterophragmaroxburghii.

Wavla Holopteliaintegrifolia.

Wumb Hepheliumlongana.

Fauna

Fauna in the study area was identified during the survey and collected from secondary

sources. This list of common species found in the study area is presented in Table 3.14.

Table no. 3.14 (A): For Various Species of Fauna in the Study Area

Zoological name English name Local name

Macacamulatta Monkey Bandar

Feliscatus Wild cat Jungalibilli

Canisaureus Jackal Gidar

Herpestes Common Mongoose Newla

Funambuluspennati Squirrel Gilhree

Rattusrattus Common house rat Chuha

Lapusnigricollis Rabbit Kharagosh

Cunopterus sphinx Bat Chamgadar

Vulpusbengalensis Indian fox Lomdi

Table No. 3.14 (B): For Various Bird Species in Study Area

Zoological Name English Name Local Name

Dinipiumbenghalense Woodpeaker Kathfoda

Francolinuspondicerianus Grey partridge Titar

Coturnixcoturnix Common quail Bater

Pavocristatus Pea fowl Mor

Gyps bengalensis Bengal vulture Giddh

Columbia livia Blue rock pigeon Kabutar

Flanuscaeruleus Black kite Cheel

Erithacussvecicus Blue throatal Neelkanth

Corvussplendens House crow Kauwa

Corvusmacrorhynchos Jungle crow ----

Psittaculacrameri Parrot Tota

Eudynamysscolopacea Koel Koyal

Otusscops Owl Ullu

Acridotheres Sparrow House sparrow

Hemidactylis species Wall Lizard Chipakli




Calots Versicular Garden lizard Girgit

Domestic Animals

Animal husbandry plays an important role in rural economy and its contribution for the

economic up liftment of the rural area is now considered as important as agriculture. Owing to

the availability of green fodder throughout the year, the environment of the area is congenial for

domestication of animals. The farmers of the area keep live stock for satisfying their daily

requirement. In the study area the animal population comprises of Cows, Buffaloes, Goats,

Horses and Pigs. The poultry population largely comprises of Cocks & Hens etc.

3.3.10 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

Major developmental activities in industrial sector are required for economic development as

well as creation of employment opportunities (direct/ indirect) and to meet the basic/modern

needs of the society, which ultimately results in overall improvement of quality of life through

economical, health, education nutrition status in project region, state as well as the country.

The proposed project is also expected to generate/discharge different types of pollutants in the

surrounding environment. They may cause natural resource degradation, ecological and human

health risks, unless the development is planned properly and implemented in an

environmentally sustainable manner through implementation of pollution prevention, mitigation

and control measures. In this manner all developmental projects have direct as well as indirect

relationship with socioeconomic aspect, which also include public acceptability for new

developmental projects. Thus, the study of socio-economic component incorporating various

facets related to prevailing social and cultural conditions and economic status of the project

region is an important part of EIA study. The study of socio-economic component incorporating

various facts related to socio-economic condition in the area is an integral part of EIA process.

This includes demographic structure, population dynamics, infrastructure resources, health

status of the community and economic attributes refers to employment, industrial development

and sustainability of the project in view of financial terms. The details of information on

demographic structure of the villages the study area are presented.

Reconnaissance

EIA Studies for Enhancement of M/s. Privilege Industries Ltd is proposing to expand the existing

100 KLPD production 130 KLPD at existing premises at Plot No. B-1, M.I.D.C Lonand, Khandala

Taluka, Satara District, Maharastra. India is one of the major alcohol producing countries.

Production of alcohol has gone up from a meager 100 million litres in the fifties to the current




level of more than 600 million litres. The Russia, USA, Brazil, India, the UK, Japan and West

Germany, are the leading alcohol producing countries. India, has been exporting alcohol in

substantial quantities. According to a survey conducted by a UK-based trade magazine on liquor,

three Indian brands figured in the "Top 25 Fastest Growing Brands in the world in 1994".

The information provided in the following section has been primarily derived from secondary

sources, covering various socio-economic attributes), secondary sources Census of Maharashtra,

and District websites.

Baseline Status

Demographic Structure

The demographic structure of the study area was derived Secondary data from Census record of

Satara district and two talukas. The Demographic structures of each village in the study area as

per Census 2011 are presented in Table 3.15. Summary of demographic structure is presented in

Table 3.15.

Table No.3.15: Summary of Demographic Structure in Study Area

S.No. Demographic Parameters District Details

No.s & %

10 km Radius Area

Details

1 States Maharashtra

2 District Satara

3 No. of Taluka 11 1)Khandala

2) Phaltan

4 No. of Total Villages 216 30

5 Total No. of Households 6,53,735 15,873

6 Total Population 1506843 60807

7

Sex ratio

Male

Female

15,10,842(50%)

14, 92,899(50%)

38,126 (51%)

36656(49%)

8 Scheduled castes 3,23,236(10.76%) 8,072(10.79%)

9 Scheduled Tribes 29,635(0.98%) 1,085(1.45%)

10 Literate 9,17,709(74.09%) 56,195 (75.15%)

11 Main Worker 13,54,947(87.41%) 31,493(91.89%)

12 Marginal Worker 1,70,540(12.58%) 5,184(8.11%)

13 Non Worker 9,82,757(58.15%) 2,78,26(54.50%)

Source: Primary Census Abstract– 2011 Satara District, Maharashtra

The salient features of Demographic Structure are as follows:

The study area covers one district Satara in Maharashtra State, two Talukas. Total 30 villages

are in 10 km study area.




Total Households are in study area 15,873.

Total population in the study region (Census 2011) is worked out as 74,782 out of which

38,126 are male and 36,656 female.

Out of the total population, Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe are 8,072 and 1,085

respectively. The graph of population details is presented below.

Figure 3.8: Population Graph

The literacy rate of the total population is worked out to 56,195 (75.15%). Male literacy

30,342 (53.99%), and female literacy is 15607 (46.00%)

The Illiteracy rate of the total population is worked out to 23969 (39.42%). Male literacy

9806 (40.91%), and female literacy is 25853 (59.09%)

The majority pattern of the agricultural workers and cultivator worker 13,889 and is 7,081.

There are 742 and 9,701as other worker and household worker:

Infrastructure Resources

District Satara District is under the developmental process. The infrastructure resources in

the study area with reference to education, medical facility, water supply, post and

telegraph, transportation and communication and power supply are available. The details of

infrastructure resources have been abstracted from housing, household amenities and assets

CD 2011 of Satara District (Maharashtra). The description of infrastructure resources

attributes are:

Education: All villages in the study area have education facilities such as primary school with

reasonably good facilities. Due to better transport from villages to nearby District place

District students have opportunity to travel for better education. School bus facility has in

the study area.

Public Health Services: After surveyed some villages it was found that almost villages in the

study area are having medical facilities. Some villages having PHSC center and private clinic




Drinking Water: In villages it was found that people are using tank and well water, Hand

pump, Tube well for drinking purposes, Pond water also used of other purpose. There is

some water problem during summer.

Power Supply: Electricity is available in all the study villages. It was found that there is

frequent load shedding. All purpose is using Electricity facility in the study area. Electricity

using all purposes. According to statistical handbook of 2012 Satara district Use of Electricity

tower shown.

Communication and Transportation: The study area was well connected by good roads, mud

roads and footpaths. It was observed that bus services are limited and primarily buses run in

the whole day, on national highway. Regular local transport facility was available in the

villages, like auto rickshaw. All villages having good condition road facility.

Banks: All centralized bank in talukas and district place Satara. People are using bank facility

for saving money.

Economic Attributes

The classification of workers is related with their occupation. Economic resource based of any

region mainly depends upon its economically active group i.e. the working population involved

in productive work. There are different types of workers that may be classified as under with

main workers employment pattern given in Table 3.16.

Table 3.16: Main Worker Employment Pattern

Sr.

No. Villages/Town Main Cultivator

Main

Agriculture

Main

Household

Main Other

Worker

1 Lonand (CT) 1008 616 335 4558

2 Pachupatewadi 84 44 1 95

3 Kapadgaon 84 44 1 95

4 Balupatlachiwadi 378 92 3 88

5 KhedBhudruk 1556 313 50 304

6 Padegaon 912 847 32 491

7 Shindechivasu 121 227 8 49

8 Koregaon 273 100 6 126

9 Kapadgaon 366 242 4 156

10 Chambharmala 216 65 0 61

11 Jadhavwadi 211 101 22 704

12 Dagadvasti 274 186 28 59

13 LendiOdha 96 178 18 54

14 Belaohamala 281 2 0 57

15 TambaveDharan 634 221 24 232

16 Manavasu 412 195 1 53

17 Shindewadi 112 15 4 79

18 Nevsivast 302 303 8 99

19 Degdevasti 33 3 7 192




20 PimpareKhund 895 229 2 141

21 Waghoshi 222 112 3 63

22 Nimbodi 1054 207 16 85

23 Taradgaon 1106 923 98 888

24 Aradgaon 251 198 2 60

25 Shivlakarwadi 453 430 16 234

26 Nanavanemala 567 270 10 152

27 Bhudakewadi 196 56 0 14

28 Narlichamala 265 100 4 95

30 Tambave 1249 743 33 391

31 Thorlaodha 278 19 6 26

Total 6569 3290 469 9701

Source: Census 2011Satara-District, State Maharashtra

Health Status

Health of the people is not only a desirable goal, but it is also an essential investment in human

resources. As per the National Health Policy (1983), Primary Health Care has been accepted as

main instrument for achieving this goal of development and strengthening rural health

infrastructure through a three-tier system, viz., Primary Health Center (PHCs), Sub Centers and

Community Health Center, which have been established.

Sampling Methodology

A judgmental and purposive sampling method was used for choosing respondents of various

sections of the society i.e. Sarpanch, adult males and females, teachers, medical practitioners,

businessmen, agriculture labourers, unemployed group etc. Judgmental and purposive sampling

method includes the right cases from the total population that helps to fulfill the purpose of

study needs.

Data Collection Method

In order to assess and evaluate the likely impacts arising out of any developmental projects on

socio-economic environment, it is necessary to gauge the apprehensions of the people in the

project area. For the process of data collection through primary and secondary sources certain

methods are used.

Field Study and Observations

Field survey and observations is made at each sampling villages and the quality of life of that

region is studied. Visits are made at hospitals, primary health centres and sub-centres to know

the health status of the region. Various governmental organizations such as statistical

department, department of census operations are visited to collect the population details of that

region.




Interview Method

Structured interview method is used to collect data regarding the awareness and opinion from

the sample selected of the various socio-economic sections of the community. Structured

interviews involve the use of a set of predetermined questions that includes fixed and

alternative questions. The questionnaire mainly highlights the parameters such as income,

employment and working conditions, housing, food, clothing, water supply, sanitation, health,

energy, transportation and communication, education, environment and pollution to assess the

quality of life of that particular region and general awareness and opinion of the respondents

about the project.

Observations during Socio-economic Study

The salient observations recorded during the study area are:

Every villages having Gram panchyat

Most of the villages are having Anganwadi Centres.

The survey reported that most of the villages have primary and middle school facility, for

further education people have to go about 10 km away. Maximum educational level of the

study area is up to 10th standard. In the study area observed that most of student choose

English medium for education .For higher & technical education people have to go to Taluka

place Harur and ramiyanhalli. Every school having bus facility.

Communication facilities are very good; people are using mobile cell phone. Dish TV are also

available in the study area.

A road approach is mainly pakka road. Road construction is very good. Each and every village

connects to the pakka (main) road. For travelling purpose government bus service and other

private sources are available for villagers in this region.

Bore well, tank water, well and hand pump are the main source of drinking water supply in

the region. There is no drinking water problem.

Sanitation facilities are good condition. 80% villagers are using toilets. Most of the villages

having proper gutter line for waste water disposal.

Health condition of villagers is good in this area; villagers are satisfied with the health centers

because they are getting proper treatment from Government Hospitals. Private clinics are

also available in study area.

Electricity is available in almost all the villages. Most of the villages having irrigation facility

through electricity. Electricity use for all purpose in the study area.




LPG gas and Wood is major fuel for cooking purpose; kerosene is also used in some villagers.

Most of the people are engaged in agricultural and livestock activities. Farming is the main

occupation, a few respondents have service in government sector and most of respondent

are labor. Some other is trying to migrate in other places. In the study area villagers are

engaged in agriculture work, industrial work, small business like shop, vegetables. Sugarcane,

turmeric, paddy, tapioca, coconuts betel nut, cotton, tur is main agriculture production.

Qualities of houses are in satisfactory condition and mostly people have cemented concrete

constructed houses but some villagers are living in poor condition.

Self Help Group (SHG) is actively strong in maximum villages.

Marathi is the official language but few people known English.

3.3.11Traffic Study

Traffic study measurements were performed at SH 70 (Lonand to Bhor) to assess impact on local

transport infrastructure due to this proposed project. Road and highway studies are given in

Table-3.16

Table 3.17: Highways in the Study Area

Total numbers of vehicles per day under the three categories were determined and given in

Table 3.17.

Table 3.18: Nos. of Vehicles per day

S. No. Vehicles Distribution Number of Vehicles Distribution/Day

SH70

1. Cars 765

2. Buses 321

3. Two wheelers 823

4. Three wheelers 456

5. Trucks 944

--------------

Name of National/State

Highway

Direction

Up Down

SH 70 (Lonand to Bhor) Lonand Bhor

Final EIA for Enhancement in Production of Grain Based Distillery (100 KLPD to 130KLPD) at existing premises i.e Plot



CHAPTER 4

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.0 INTRODUCTION

Prediction of impacts is the most important component in the Environmental Impact

Assessment studies. Several scientific techniques and methodologies are available to predict

impacts of developmental activities on physical, ecological and socio-economic environments.

Such predictions are superimposed over the baseline (pre-project) status of environmental

quality to derive the ultimate (post-project) scenario of environmental conditions. The

prediction of impacts helps in minimizing the impacts on environmental quality during the

proposed project.

An attempt has been made to predict the incremental rise of various ground level

concentrations above the baseline status in respect to air pollution. The mathematical models

used for predictions in the present study is an EPA approved ISCST3 model which is used on

steady state Gaussian Plume Dispersion Model designed for point sources and area sources for

air quality. The predicted ground level concentrations computed using EPA approved ISCST3

model and plotted as isopleths concentrations.

In case of water, land, biological and socio-economic environment, the predictions have been

made based on available scientific literature and secondary sources of information.

In the earlier chapters, various process and pollution sources were identified. In this chapter,

an attempt has been made to predict the incremental rise of various ground level

concentrations above the baseline status due to the emissions from the proposed project.

PIL is to enhance the distillery capacity from 100 KLPD to 130 KLPD. To improve the supportive

capacity of the study area, mitigation measures including the measures to be undertaken at the

source level and an overall action plan at the study area level are detailed.

The impact of the any Industry has two distinct phases:

Construction Phase

Operational Phase

The impacts are regarded as temporary or short-term in construction phase whereas long-term

in operational phase.

4.1 IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE

The proposed enhancement will be in the form of modification in process hence no




construction activity will be involved. The Existing structure and plant and machineries are

suitable for enhancement in production.

4.2 IMPACT DURING OPERATIONAL PHASE

The possible beneficial and adverse impacts on each component of environment due to

operation of plant are assessed and predicted below:

4.2.1 Impact on Land Use

As mentioned earlier, the plant site falls in a notified Industrial area for industrial development;

there will not be any negative impact on the land. Only the existing land use pattern on site will

be changed. An industrial structure will be developed. In addition, the site will be beautifully

landscaped and the greenbelt will be developed to increase the aesthetic view of the land.

4.2.2 Impact on Soil Quality

During operation activity, the major solid waste as DDGS/DWGS and Fly Ash will be generated

from the Plant, DDGS/DWGS will be sold as cattle Feed and Fly ash will be sold to brick

manufactures. During the operation phase, carefully designed landscaped areas and plantation

will be maintained. No significant impact is expected on the soils in and around the site, due to

the following management measures:

Domestic Waste water will be treated in septic tank and disposed in soak pit

The entire site area is well-paved and thus, there will be no leaching of any substances in

case of spills.

Sludge from septic tank will be composted and used as manure for the development of

greenbelt. The manure will be organic in nature and will act as soil enricher.

Thus, the quality of the soil will improve and therefore, the impact on soil will be positive.

4.2.3 Impact on Topography

General topography of area is plain terrain and the entire project site is reasonably leveled.

Thus, the impact on topography will be minimum and positive.

4.2.4 Impact on Air Environment

The present baseline concentrations were monitored in the EIA study. No additional Power is

required for proposed enhancement. Existing Captive power plant (4 MW) is sufficient for

enhancement.

The proposed enhancement activity will result in air emissions from the following areas.

a) Raw material Handling and storage area

b) CPP




c) Final Product Handling and Transportation

The Existing CPP is being used 80 TPH Coal. Hence Particulate matter, SOR2R and NOx are major

emissions. The nature of emissions from the above units is detailed below in Table 4.1.

Table 4.1: Nature of Emission and Pollutant

Particular Nature of Emission

Raw material handling & storage area Fugitive

Captive power Plant Fugitive and Flue gas (PM, SOR2R and NOx)

Final Product Handling and Transportation

Fugitive

Fugitive dust emissions are confined to area of emission source and its spread to further areas

is limited. Hence the impact of the fugitive dust is confined to the maximum of 50 m around

the source at a lower height of 5 – 10 m. PIL has incorporated the various pollution control

systems in the fugitive dust prone areas.

The major air emissions from the proposed project, which will have the impact on the

surrounding is mainly from the Captive power Plant section where the pollutant is release

through flue gases to the atmosphere.

PIL has provided1 tall stack for CPP to exhaust the flue gas emissions. The major pollutants

emitted from the unit will be particulate matter, sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen. The

hot gases released from the stack will be of high temperature.

The flue gases with a temperature of about 150 oC will be deducted in the ESP designed for an

outlet concentration of less than 50 mg/Nm3. The details of emission considered for estimation

of impacts are given below in Table 4.2.

Table 4.2 Emission Details of Boiler

Particular Captive Power Plant Stack

No. of stacks 1

Height of stack (m) 50

Diameter of stack (m) 2.7

Temperature of flue gas (oC) 150

Velocity of flue gas (m/s) 18.0

Volumetric Flow Rate (NmP

3P/sec) 72.63

Particulate matter at outlet of ESP (gm/sec/stack)

(@50mg/Nm3 at outlet) 3.63




Sulphur Dioxide Emission (gm/sec/stack) 7.41

Oxides of Nitrogen (gm/sec/stack) 7.2

UStack Emissions Input Data to the Model

Industrial Source Complex Short Term (ISCST3) regulatory model recommended by United

States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has been used for predicting the incremental

concentrations of PM, SOR2Rand NOx form the proposed plant activities. ISCST3 is capable of

modeling multiple sources in simple and complex terrain.

ISCST3 calculates ground level and elevated ambient concentrations or deposition from stack,

volume and/ or area sources. The steady-state Gaussian plume equation for a continuous

source is used to calculate ground level concentrations for stack.

Input parameters required for ISCST3 are given below:

X and Y co-ordinates for the source

Source strength in terms of g/sec for NOx and PM

Height of the stack in meters

Temperature of the exit gas in degree Kelvin

Exit velocity of the gas in m/sec

Diameter of the stack in meters

Meteorological parameters such as hourly data for wind direction, wind speed, mixing

height and atmospheric stability class

The air pollution modeling carried out represents the worst case operating scenarios. The

pollutants considered for modeling include NOx and Particulate Matter and SOR2R.

4.2.5 Meteorological Data

The meteorological data recorded continuously during the months of December 2017 to

February - 2018 on hourly basis on wind speed, wind direction and temperature has been

processed to extract the 24–hourly mean meteorological data as per the guidelines of IMD and

MoEFCC for application of ISCST3 model. Stability classes computed for the mean hours are

based on guidelines issued by CPCB on modeling. Mixing heights representative of the region

have been taken from the available published literature. The hourly meteorological data

recorded at site is converted to the mean hourly meteorological data as specified by CPCB and

the same has been used in the mode. In absence of site-specific mixing depths, mixing depths

published in “Spatial Distribution of hourly Mixing Depths over Indian Region” by Mr. R.N.




Gupta and recommended by CPCB have been used.

Model Employed

Prediction of cumulative ground level concentration due to emissions from the proposed

project has been computed using EPA approved ISCST3 model.

4.2.6 Application of ISCST3 for Prediction of Ground Level Concentration

ISCST3 Model with the following options has been employed to predict the ground level

concentration due to emissions from the Distillery Plant.

Areas being rural, rural dispersion parameters are considered.

Predictions have been carried out to estimate concentration values over radial distance of

10 km around the sources

Emission rates from the point sources and area sources were considered as constant and

during the entire period.

Consideration of settling velocity of the particles.

The ground level concentrations computed were as is basis without any consideration of

decay coefficient.

Calm winds recorded during the study period were also taken into consideration

24 hourly (for 24 – hour mean meteorological data as per guidelines of IMD and MoEFCC)

mean ground level concentrations were estimated for the winter season using the mean

meteorological data of December 2017 to February 2018.

Emission Sources Considered for Simulations

Emissions from the Captive power plant have been considered for prediction of impacts.

Maximum Ground Level Concentrations:

Ground level concentrations of PM, SOR2 Rand NOx were estimated using the mean

meteorological data to project the incremental increase of concentration above baseline

concentrations due to emission from the project.

The resultants values are compared with National Ambient Air Quality Emission (NAAQE)

Standards issued by Ministry vide G.S.R no. 826(E) dated November 16, 2009. Figure 4.1,

Figure 4.2 and Figure 4.3 represents the spatial distribution of the predicted ground level

concentrations of PM, SO2, and NOx due to emissions from the proposed project.

Post Project Scenario

Maximum ground level concentrations are predicted considering 24-hourly mean

meteorological data of during December 2017 to February 2018, superimposed on the




maximum baseline concentrations obtained during the study period to estimate the post

project scenario which would prevail at the post operations phase.

The Overall Scenario with predicted concentrations over the maximum baseline

concentrations is shown below.

Table 4.3 Overall Scenarios within Study Area

24 Hourly

Concentrations

PM 10

(µg/m3)

SOR2

(µg/m3)

NOR2

(µg/m3)

Baseline Scenario (Max) 81.3 19.9 30.4

Predicted Ground Level

Concentration (Max)

0.5 1.03 1.0

Overall Scenario 81.8 20.93 31.4

NAAQ Standards 100 80 80




Figure 4.1: Ground Level Concentrations of Particulate Matter

-1

0000.0

0-6

000

.00

-2

000

.00

200

0.0

0600

0.0

01

0000

.00

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0

-20

00.0

0

0.0

0

2000.0

0

4000.0

0

6000.0

0

8000.0

0

10000

.00




Figure 4.2: Ground Level Concentrations of SOR2

-1

00

00

.00

-6

00

0.0

0-2

00

0.0

02

00

0.0

06

00

0.0

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20

00

.00

40

00

.00

60

00

.00

80

00

.00

10

00

0.0

0




Figure 4.3: Ground Level Concentrations of NOx

-1

0000.0

0-6

000

.00

-2

000

.00

200

0.0

0600

0.0

01

0000

.00

-1

0000.0

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000

.00

-2

000

.00

200

0.0

0600

0.0

01

0000

.00

-10

000.0

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-8

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000.0

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.00




Observations

It is observed from the model output that the incremental concentrations for PM10, SOR2 Rand

NOx levels, and maximum GLCs were observed to be 1.0 km in south direction. It is noted that

after adding the incremental concentrations to maximum baseline values also, the ambient

levels will be within the specified limits.

Hence it can be concluded that, though there will be an increase in GLC levels, no major

significant impact on the air quality due to the proposed project is envisaged.


During construction, no significant impact is envisaged as most of the construction equipment

produces noise level below 80 dB (A). The noise generated is expected to be intermittent and

of short duration.

During operational phase after the proposed project the major noise generating sources are

plant machinery and generator. These sources will be located far off from each other. Under

any circumstances the noise level from each of these sources will not exceed 75 dB(A). The

present noise levels monitored at proposed plant are in the range of 75.0– 85.0 dB (A) (Lp

total) during the day time as there is construction of the first phase in the site.

Prediction of anticipated noise levels have been computed using point source model. A basic

phenomenon of the model is the geometric attenuation of sound. Noise at a point generates

spherical waves which are propagated outward from the source though the air at a speed of

1,100 ft/sec, with the first wave making an ever increasing sphere with time. As the wave

spreads the intensity of noise diminishes as the fixed amount of energy is spread over an

increasing surface area of the sphere.

The assumption of the model is based on point source relationship i.e. for every doubling of

the distance the noise levels are decreased by 6 dB (A). Point source propagation is defined by

the following equation:

Lp2 = Lp1 - 20 log r2/r1

Where Lp1 and Lp2 are sound pressure levels at points located at distances r1 and r2,

respectively, from the source.

Noise level at the plant boundary, calculated from the above equation, is expected to be less

than 60 db (A). Predictions carried out are on as is basis without taking into consideration any

attenuation factors. Additional attenuation is expected, due to atmospheric effect or its

interaction with objects in the transmission path.




Based on the above principle a noise model “Dhawani” has been developed by National

Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI). The details of the model are as follows:

Maximum number of sources is limited to 20

Noise levels can be predicted at any distance depending upon the grid scale

Model is designed to take topographical conditions (flat, undulated, etc.)terrain

Coordinates of the sources with respect to the center co-ordinates of 0,0

Maximum and minimum levels are calculated by the model

Output of the model in the form of isopleths

Environmental attenuation factors have not been incorporated in the model

Operational Noise Assessment

Noise generating equipment /machinery in the proposed project is given in table. Predictions

have been made taking into account all operations and utilities reflecting the worst-case

scenario. The predicted Noise Levels along the proposed plant boundary are shown in the

following Table 4.4, which are below the ambient noise standards. It is predicted that the high

noise levels will be limited to work zone only and the noise levels gradually decreases further

away from the source. Therefore, the impact of noise due to plant will be negligibly adverse in

nature.

Table 4.4: Expected Noise Levels from Different Units

S. No. Source

1 Air compressors

2 Transformer

3 Raw Material Handling

4 Conveyer System

5 Vehicular Moment

6 Captive Power Plant

Permissible working noise levels recommended by OSHA with respect to noise and the

duration of exposure in hours are provided in the Table 4.5.




Table 4.5: Permissible Noise Levels

Sound Pressure Level dB (A) Maximum Permissible Exposure Time per Day (Hours)

90 8

92 6

95 4

97 3

100 2

102 1 ½

105 1

107 ¾

110 ½

115 ¼

>115 0

Distance in meter

Figure 4.4: Noise Dispersion Contour




The noise levels expected due to operation of these equipment will range between 85 -100 dB

(A). The noise produced during operation phase will have a significant impact on the existing

ambient noise levels. The major work will be carried out during the daytime.

Mitigation measure proposed

Noise levels generated during this proposed project is confined within the plant and is further

reduced due to attenuation of greenbelt. Noise level at the plant boundary, calculated from

the above equation, is expected to be less than 60 dB (A) without considering any attenuation

factors. PIL will develop the greenbelt in an area of 2.67 Ha within the premises. Boundary

plantation developed will be act as a barrier and further reduce the noise levels.


The water requirement of the proposed plant is 1150 KLD. The water will be mainly used for

process, cooling purpose, Captive Power Plant and domestic purpose only. About 690 KLPD

spent wash will be generated it will be treated in MEE and the evaporation condensate of MEE

will be treated in ETP and recycled in process. Wastewater/ sewage generated from domestic

activities will be treated in the septic tank followed by soak pit. Zero discharge norms will be

followed.

4.2.10 Solid Waste Generation

The estimated main solid waste generated from this proposed plant is DDGS/DWGS and

Flyash. The details of solid waste generation are given below:

Item Existing

Proposed

Total

Management

DWGS 7800 TPM - 9300 TPM Sold as Cattle feed

DDGS - 2400 TPM 2400 TPM Sold as Cattle feed

Fly Ash 25.6 TPD - 25.6 TPD Sold to Brick Manufactures

Bottom Ash 6.4 TPD - 6.4 TPD To fill the low laying areas

Used oil 2.0 KL/Annum 2.0 KL/Annum Sold to authorized vendor

Treatment process of spent wash is given below:




4.2.11 Traffic Details

The proposed additional traffic mainly includes trucks, which are used to transport Raw and

finished material. Hence, only heavy traffic is considered in assessing the impact of traffic. The

proposed truck traffic due to proposed activity is considered in assessing the impact on

surrounding area. The total proposed traffic details are given below:

Material Quantity (TPD) Capacity of Trucks Number Trucks/Day

Existing

Raw 260 TPD 25 T 11

Finished 100 KLD 20 KL 5.0

Proposed

Raw 310 TPD 25 T 13

Finished 130 KLD 20 KL 7.0

Total 20.0

4.2.12 Rain Water Harvesting /Recharge Plan

The storm water disposal system for the premises shall be self-sufficient to avoid any

collection/stagnation and flooding of water. Roof top runoff water will be collected in storage

tank. As we know it is a purest form of water. After proper treatment we can use it for various

purposes. Details are given below:

Table 4.6: Rain Water Harvesting/Recharge Details

S.

No. Particulars

Catchment Area

in mP

2P (A)

Runoff

Coefficient (C)

Rainfall Intensity

in m/Annum (I)

Discharge

(mP

3P)

1 Area for RWH 80710.0 0.6 0.72 34866.72

Total 34866.72

Annually about 34866.72mP

3P water will be conserved by rain water harvesting system and will

be discharge in storage tank.

4.2.13 Socio-economic Impacts

The Socio economic Impacts details are given below:

Positive Impacts Negative Impacts

i) There is no loss of land and consequential

livelihoods, as no land acquistion is

contemplated.

ii) Creation of additional employment

opportinities for about 20 local skilled and

semi-skilled workers during project

operational phases.

iii) Multiplier effect due to induced

growth during contruction and

i) Air pollution and Noise pollution may

happen if adequate mitigation

measures not taken.

ii) Increased influx of people, and

tranportion of vehicles putting

pressure on existing road network in

the visinity.




operational phase in downstream and

upstream project activites for about

25-30 persons majority of them local

youth.

iv) Development/upgradation of vocational and

soft skills of about 100

local youth over next five years thus

enhancing their employability.

v) Emergence of local enterpreneur in

complementary activites such as small

business transporation, equipment repairs

and maintenance etc.

---------------

Final EIA for Expansion in Production of Grain Based Distillery (100 KLPD to 120 KLPD) at existing premises i.e Plot No.



CHAPTER 5

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

5.1 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY

No alternative technologies considered.

5.2 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE SITES

No alternative site is considered, as this is an expansion project and will be housed in the

existing plant premises.

---------------


B-1, M.I.D.C. Lonand, KhandalaMandal, Satara District in the State of Maharashtra.M/s. Privilege Industries Limited

SriSaiManasa Nature Tech (P) Ltd., Hyderabad CH6-1

CHAPTER 6

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAME 6.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents details of post-project environmental monitoring.

6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

The environmental monitoring will be done to assess performance of pollution control

equipment recommended for proposed project. The sampling and analysis of environmental

attributes including monitoring locations point sites will be as per the guidelines of the Central

Pollution Control Board. Environmental monitoring will be conducted on regular basis by PIL to

assess the pollution level in and around the project area.

The attributes, which require regular monitoring, are specified underneath:

1] Air quality;

2] Water and wastewater quality;

3] Noise levels;

4] Soil quality;

5] A forestation; and

6] Socio Economic aspects and community development.

6.2 MONITORING POINTS / LOCATIONS AND COMPONENTS

The environmental monitoring points shall be decided considering the environmental impacts

likely to occur due to the operation of proposed project as the main scope of monitoring

program is to track, timely and regularly, the change in environmental conditions and to take

timely action for protection of environment. The monitoring points/location and components

of significance shall be as per Table 6.1.

Table 6.1: Post Project Environmental Monitoring Locations

S.

No.

Environmental

Components

Monitoring Points/ Location

1. Water

(Ground Water and

Surface Water)

Take one upstream and downstream sample of surface

water. Minimum distance 500 m.

(Nira River)

Take 4 nos. ground water samples from nearby villages.

Sampling method as MOEFCC and CPCB drinking water

guidelines

Frequency: Half Yearly

2. Stack Emission Continuous online monitoring.

Linked with MPCB/CPCB server

3. Noise 4 locations nearby work place.




S.

No.

Environmental

Components

Monitoring Points/ Location

4 locations in surrounding area

Frequency: Quarterly

4. Greenbelt/Vegetation

Cover

Check plant growth and survival of plants.

To maintained 85% of plants survival rate.

Frequency: Quarterly

5. Soil 4 locations in nearby villages.

Frequency: Half Yearly

6. Environmental Audit As per the MoEFCC guidelines.

Frequency: once in a Year

7 Health Checkup For Workers half Yearly

For surrounding villages yearly

6.3 MONITORING PARAMETERS AND FREQUENCY

The monitoring parameters and frequency of monitoring shall be as per Table-6.2.

Table 6.2: Parameters and Frequency for Post Project Environmental Monitoring

Sr.No Item Parameters Frequency

1. Ambient Air quality PMR10R,PMR2.5R, SOR2R, NORxR, CO, etc. Continuous online

2. Noise Equivalent noise level- dB (A) Monthly as per

CPCB/MOEFCC

guidelines

3. Soil, Solid wastes and

Manure / Compost

pH , Humidity, Texture, Organic

matter, N, P, K, Sulphate,

Calcium, Magnesium, C:N ratio.

Quarterly as per

CPCB/MOEFCC

guidelines

4. Greenbelt Number of plantation (Units),

Number of Survived plants/

trees, Number of poor plants/

Trees

Ongoing- round

the year

5. Environmental Audit As per Direction of MOEFCC Once in a Year as per

CPCB/MOEFCC

guidelines

6.4 MONITORING METHODOLOGIES

Monitoring of environmental samples shall be done as per the guidelines provided by

MoEF&CC/ CPCB/CPCB. The method followed shall be recommended/standard method

approved/ recommended by MoEF& CC / CPCB.

6.5 REPORTING AND DOCUMENTATION

The records of the monitoring program shall be kept on regular basis for all aspects of the

monitoring. Separate records for water, wastewater, solid wastes, air emission and soil shall

be prepared and preserved regularly. Immediately upon the completion of monitoring as per

the planned schedule, report shall be prepared and necessary documents shall be forwarded




to the concerned person. Methodology of monitoring (sampling and analysis) shall be

prepared as separate documents as SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) wherever required.

The records showing results/outcome of the monitoring programs shall be prepared as per the

requirement of the schedule mentioned above.

Regularly, these documents and records shall be reviewed for necessary improvement of the

monitoring plan/mitigation measures/environmental technologies as well as for necessary

actions of Environmental Management Cell.

6.6 Budget and Procurement Schedule

On regular basis, Environment Management Cell shall inspect the necessity and availability of

the spares suitability of technology materials, services and maintenance status. The Cell shall

make appropriate budget for the purpose. Regular record review for any change in financial

requirement of environment management shall be done and appropriate budgetary provisions

shall be made. Along with other budgets, Budget for environmental management shall be

prepared and revised regularly as per requirement. The budget shall include provisions for:

Environmental Monitoring Program

Operation and Maintenance of Environmental Technologies / Equipment

Laboratory works for Environmental management activities

Emergency Purchase of necessary material, equipments, tools, services

Annual Environmental Audit.

Preparing environment statement.

Budget for Environmental Monitoring

The total capital investment on environmental control measures is envisaged to be about

INR 5.0 Lakh. Details are given in Table-6.3

Table 6.3: Environment Monitoring Budget

S.No Activity Cost in Rs lacs

1. Air Environment Monitoring 1.50

2. Stack Monitoring 1.50

3. Soil Quality Monitoring 0.75

4. Water Quality Monitoring 0.75

5. Noise Monitoring 0.50

Total 5.0

---------------




CHAPTER 7

ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7.0 Introduction

Distillery Industry is associated with potential hazards that effect to the employee and

environment. It would normally require the assistance of emergency services to handle it

effectively. The operation shall be taken out under the well management and control by the

qualified safety manager.

Disaster management plan has to be formulated with an aim of taking precautionary steps to

avert disasters and also to take such action after the disaster which limits the damage to the

minimum.

7.1 Risk Assessment

Risk assessment study for the 130 KLPD distillery project done for operational Phase. As

construction phase is not involved in project, hence the risk assessment study conducted for

construction phase.

7.1.1 Risk during Construction Phase

No Construction phase is involved in proposed expansion project. Hence not applicable.

7.1.2 Risk during Operational Phase

Activities requiring assessment of risk due to occurrence of most probable instances of

hazard and accident are both onsite and off-site.

On-site

Exposure to fugitive dust, noise, and other emissions.

Explosion

Housekeeping practices requiring contact with solid and liquid wastes.

Emission/spillage etc. from storage and handling.

Unsafe condition and unsafe act.

Off-site

Exposure to pollutants released from offsite/ storage/related activities

Contamination due to accidental releases or normal release in combination with natural

hazard.

Deposition of toxic pollutants in vegetation / other sinks and possible sudden releases

due to accidental occurrences




7.1.3 Risk Analysis Methodologies

Risk assessment often requires the synthesis of risk profiles, which represent the probability

distribution of total annual loss due to a certain set of events or activities. These assessments

usually involve estimation of losses for several sub-classifications of the overall process and

synthesis of the results into an aggregate risk profile.

Main risk assessment technologies are:

Hazard and operability study (HAZOP), and

Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)

HAZOP Study

The HAZOP study is a systematic technique of identifying hazards of operability problems of

a process and lists all possible deviations from normal operating condition and how they

might occur. The consequences of the process are assessed and the means available to

detect and correct the deviations are examined. Thus, within the entire process all “credible”

deviations that could lead to hazardous events or operability problems are identified.

Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)

FTA is primarily a means of analyzing non-identifiable hazards. Hazards of top events (the

ultimate happening that is to be avoided) are first identified by other techniques such as

HAZOP. Then all combinations of individual failures that can lead to that hazardous event

show the logical format of the fault tree. Estimating the individual probabilities and then

using the appropriate arithmetical expressions can calculate the top event frequency.

Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA)

There are three steps used to manage health and safety at work:

1. Spot the Hazard (Hazard Identification)

2. Assess the Risk (Risk Assessment)

3. Make the Changes (Risk Control)

Spot the Hazard

A hazard is anything that could hurt you or someone else.

Examples of workplace hazards include:

Frayed electrical cords (could result in electrical shock);

Boxes stacked precariously (they could fall on someone);

Noisy machinery (could result in damage to your hearing).




Assess the Risk

Assessing the risk means working out how likely it is that a hazard will harm someone and

how serious the harm could be.

For example:

Ask your supervisor for instructions and training before using equipment;

Ask for help moving or lifting heavy objects;

Tell your supervisor if you think a work practice could be dangerous.

Make the Changes

The best way to fix a hazard is to get rid of it altogether. This is not always possible, but your

employer should try to make hazards less dangerous by looking at the following options (in

order from most effective to least effective):

Elimination - Sometimes hazards - equipment, substances or work practices - can be

avoided entirely. (e.g. Clean high windows from the ground with an extendable pole

cleaner, rather than by climbing a ladder and risking a fall.)

Substitution - Sometimes a less hazardous thing, substance or work practice can be used.

(e.g. Use a non-toxic glue instead of a toxic glue.)

Isolation - Separate the hazard from people, by marking the hazardous area, fitting

screens or putting up safety barriers. (e.g. Welding screens can be used to isolate welding

operations from other workers. Barriers and/or boundary lines can be used to separate

areas where forklifts operate near pedestrians in the workplace.)

Safeguards - Safeguards can be added by modifying tools or equipment, or fitting guards

to machinery. These must never be removed or disabled by workers using the

equipment.

Instructing workers in the safest way to do something - This means developing and

enforcing safe work procedures. Students on work experience must be given information

and instruction and must follow agreed procedures to ensure their safety.

Using personal protective equipment and clothing (PPE) - If risks remain after the

options have been tried, it may be necessary to use equipment such as safety glasses,

gloves, helmets and ear muffs. PPE can protect you from hazards associated with jobs

such as handling chemicals or working in a noisy environment.

Sometimes, it will require more than one of the risk control measures above to effectively

reduce exposure to hazards.




Risk Classification Table: Based on Likelihood/Controls Rating x Severity Rating

Almost certain 5 5 10 15 20 25

Likely 4 4 8 12 16 20

Possible 3 3 6 9 12 15

Unlikely 2 2 4 6 8 10

Rare 1 1 2 3 4 5

Likelihood /

Control Rating

1 2 3 4 5

Severity Rating

The definition of risk level and acceptance criteria is given below:

Risk level Category Acceptability on necessry action and timescale

LOW

RIS

K

1 – 3 Low

No additional controls are required unless they

can be inplemented at very low cost (in terms of time,

money and efforts), actions to further reduce these risks

are assigned low priority. Arrangements should be made to

ensure that the controls are maintained.

Mo

de

rate

R

ISK

4 – 8 Medium

Consideration should be given as to whether the risks can

be lowered, but the costs of additional risk reduction

measures should be taken into account. The risk reduction

measures should be implemented within a defined time

period. Arrangement should be made to ensure that the

controls are maintained, particulary if the risk levels are

associated with extremely harmful consequences and very

harmful consequences.

HIG

H R

ISK

09 – 14 High

Substantial efforts should be made to reduce the risk. Risk

reductino measures should be implemented urgently

within a defined time period and it might be necessary to

consider suspending or restricting the activity, or to apply

interim risk contrls ar maintained, controls. Arrangements

should be made to ensure that the controls are maintained,

particulatly if the riks levels are associated with extremely

harmful consequences and very harmful consequences.

15 – 25 Very high

These risks are unacceptable. Substantial improvements in

risk controls are necessary, so that the risk is reduced to an

acceptable level. The work activity should be halted until




risk controls are implemented that reduce the risk so that it

is no longer very hign. If it is not possible to reduce risk the

work should remain prohibited.

Review of HIRA Study

- At least once in a year;

- Amendments / addition in legal requirements;

- Change in process or products handled;

- Internal and external audit results, including Specialized / Third Party Audits;

- Occurrence of accident, emergency;

- While initiating any corrective and preventive action;

- While purchasing and erecting any new equipment / machinery / building.

7.2 Potential Risk Area assessment in 130 KLPD Distillery Plant

The potential risk area inside the plant is given in Table 7.1.

Table 7.1

Potential Risk Area inside the Plant

Block/Area Hazards Identification

Fuel Storage Area Fire, Spontaneous Combustion, Dust emission

Boiler Fire (mainly near oil burners), steam;

Explosions, Fuel Explosions

Turbo-Generator Buildings Fires in -

a) Lube Oil systems

b) Cable galleries

c) Short circuits in

i) Control Rooms

ii) Switchgears

Explosion due to leakage of Hydrogen and fire

following it.

Fire in Oil Drum Storage

Storage of LDO/HFO Fire

Fermentation area Short Circuits, CO2 leakage

Distillation Fire

MEE area Linkage of Hot Steam

Storage of Product Fire




7.2.1 Model Used for Fire Radiation Analysis

The gas/liquid released in the vicinity of the storage area may be as a result of rupture in

cylinders, mechanical defect and external interference. Radiation Pool fire model has been

used to estimate radiation intensity distances for LDO, ENA and Sprit.

Damage Criteria

The fuel storage and unloading at the storage facility may lead to fire and explosion hazards.

The damage criteria due to an accidental release of any hydrocarbon arise from fire and

explosion. The vapors of these fuels are not toxic and hence no effects of toxicity are

expected.

Tank fire would occur if the radiation intensity is high on the peripheral surface of the tank

leading to increase in internal tank pressure. Pool fire would occur when fuels collected in

the dyke due to leakage gets ignited.

Fire Damage

A flammable liquid in a pool will burn with a large turbulent diffusion flame. This releases

heat based on the heat of combustion and the burning rate of the liquid. A part of the heat is

radiated while the rest is convicted away by rising hot air and combustion products. The

radiations can heat the contents of a nearby storage or process unit to above its ignition

temperature and thus result in a spread of fire.

The radiations can also cause severe burns or fatalities of workers or fire fighters located

within a certain distance. Hence, it will be important to know beforehand the damage

potential of a flammable liquid pool likely to be created due to leakage or catastrophic

failure of a storage or process vessel. This will help to decide the location of other

storage/process vessels, decide the type of protective clothing the workers/fire fighters’

need, the duration of time for which they can be in the zone, the fire extinguishing measures

needed and the protection methods needed for the nearby storage/process vessels.

Table-7.2 tabulates the damage effect on equipment and people due to thermal radiation

intensity.

Table-7.2

Damage due to Incident Radiation Intensities

S.

No.

Radiation Intensity (kw/m2) Type of Intensity Damage (m)

1 Greater than 10.0 Potential Lethal within 60 sec

2 Greater than 5.0 2nd

Degree Burns within 60 sec

3 Greater than 2.0 Pain within 60 Sec




Storage of Ethanol inside the Plant

Bulk storages Tank for ENA is 7 X 750KL and is located near the Production building. The

details of release of ENA, RS, MS and AA from the storage facilities are presented in Table

7.3. If these vapours come in contact with source of ignition, it can result in a major fire and

intensities of radiation of this fire are computed to know the damage distances and to assess

the risk involved. The damage distances for Ethanol and sprit have been estimated for

instantaneous spill; the results are presented in Table-7.4 and Table 7.5 and are shown in

Figure-7.1and Figure 7.2.

Table-7.3

Release of ENA and Sprit from the Storage Facilities

Scenario Release of Quantity of LDO

7 storage tank for ENA (750 KL Each) 750 KL

3 storage tank for impure Spirit 150

KL each

150 KL

Table - 7.4

Radiation Intensities vs. Distance for ENA (750 KL)

Radiation Intensity (kw/m2) Distance from the Centre of the Pool (m)

Greater than 10.0 44.0



Table - 7.5

Radiation Intensities vs. Distance for Spirit (150 KL)

Radiation Intensity (kw/m2) Distance from the Centre of the Pool (m)







Figure 7.1: Radiation Intensity vs Distance for ENA (750 KL)




Figure 7.2: Radiation Intensity vs Distance for Sprit (750 KL)




7.3 Disaster Management Plan

7.3.1 Definition

A major emergency in an activity/project is one which has the potential to cause serious

injury or loss of life. It may cause extensive damage to property and serious disruption both

inside and outside the activity/project. It would normally require the assistance of

emergency services to handle it effectively.

7.3.2 Scope

An important element of mitigation is emergency planning, i.e. identifying accident

possibility, assessing the consequences of such accidents and deciding on the emergency

procedures, both on site and off site that would need to be implemented in the event of an

emergency.

Emergency planning is just one aspect of safety and cannot be considered in isolation from

the proposed 130 KLPD capacity grain based distillery unit and hence before starting to

prepare the plan, works management will ensure that the necessary standards, appropriate

to safety legislation, are in place.

7.3.3 Objective

The overall objectives of the emergency plan will be:

To localize the emergency and, eliminate it; and

To minimize the effects of the accident on people and property.

Elimination will require prompt action by operations and works emergency staff using, for

example, fire–fighting equipment, water sprays etc.

Minimizing the effects may include rescue, first aid, evacuation, rehabilitation and giving

information promptly to people living nearby.

7.3.4 Identification of Hazards

The following types of hazards may be identified at Distillery plant.

Fire in Electric Panels, Oil room and alcohol storage.

Waste treatment processes.

Cleaning of barrels, which have held chemical substances.

To deal the above emergencies, the Emergency Plan is prepared.




7.3.5 Safety Measures for Storage and Handling of Alcohol

The alcohol will be directly fed to the bottling unit mechanically and no manual handling will

be involved which will reduce the risk of spillage in the storage area. Following precautionary

measures would be taken for safety

Handling and Storage; Keeping away from heat, sparks and open flame, care will be

taken for avoidance of spillage, skin and eye contact, well ventilation, Use of approved

respirator if air contamination is above acceptable level will be promoted. For Storage

and handling following precautions will be taken:

Keeping away from oxidizers, heat and flames.

Avoidance of plastics, rubber and coatings in the storage area.

Cool, dry, and ventilated storage and closed containers.

Grounding of the container and transferring of equipment to eliminate static electric

sparks.

In case of any emergency following measures would be taken:

First Aid Measures: For Skin contact, Eye contact, and Inhalation.

Fire Fighting Measures:

Use of extinguishing media surrounding the fire as water, dry chemicals (BC or ABC

powder), CO, Sand, dolomite, etc

Foam System for firefighting will be provided to control fire from the alcohol storage

tank. The foam thus produced will suppress fire by separating the fuel from the air

(oxygen), and hence avoiding the fire and explosion to occur in the tank. Foam would

blanket the fuel surface smothering the fire. The fuel will also be cooled by the water

content of the foam.

The foam blanket suppresses the release of flammable vapors that can mix with the air.

Special Fire Fighting Procedures; Keeping the fire upwind. Shutting down of all possible

sources of ignition, keeping of run-off water out of sewers and water sources. Avoidance

of water in straight hose stream which will scatter and spread fire. Use of spray or fog

nozzles will be promoted, cool containers will be exposed to flames with water from the

side until well after the fire is out.

Hazardous Decomposition Products: gases of Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Carbon Dioxide

(CO2).




Accidental Release Measures; For Spill Cleanup well Ventilation, Shutting off or removal

of all possible sources of ignition, absorbance of small quantities with paper towels and

evaporate in safe place like fume hood and burning of these towels in a safe manner),

Use of respiratory and/or liquid-contact protection by the Clean-up personnel will be

promoted.

7.4 Emergency Planning

7.4.1 General

Disaster Management Plan for an industrial unit is necessarily a combination of various

actions which are to be taken in a very short time but in a present sequence to deal

effectively and efficiently with any disaster, emergency or major accident with an aim to

keep the loss of men, material, plant/machinery etc. to the minimum.

The main functions of the Disaster Management Cell are to prepare a detailed Disaster

Management Plan, which includes:

Identification of various types of expected disaster depending upon the type of the

industrial unit.

Identification of various groups, agencies, departments etc. necessary for dealing with a

specific disaster effectively.

Preparation – by intensive training of relevant teams/groups within the organization to

deal with a specific disaster and keep them in readiness.

Establishment of an early detection system for the disaster.

Development of a reliable instant information/communication system.

Organization and mobilization of all the concerned departments/ organizations / groups

and agencies instantly when needed.

A major disaster that can be expected due to fire in this proposed distillery.

7.4.2 Emergency Planning for Disaster due to Fire

Cable rooms, transformer, unit, auxiliary transformers, oil tanks, etc. within the plant are the

likely areas for which disaster management plan is to be made to deal with any eventuality

of fire. Stores, workshop, canteen and administrative building will be included.

7.4.2.1 Classification of Fire

Class (A)

Fire involving combustible materials like wood, paper, cloth etc.




Class (B)

Fire due to liquid materials like oil, diesel, petroleum products and all inflammables.

Class (C)

Fires involving domestic and industrial gases like butane and propane etc.

Class (D)

Metal fires etc.

Class (E)

Electrical fires due to short circuiting etc.

7.4.3 Need of Establishing a Fire Fighting Group

A small spark of fire may result into loss of machines and the damage by fire may high

economic losses. This type of losses can be avoided by preventing and controlling the fire

instantly for which fire–fighting group will be established.

Establish which would house and keep in readiness, the following types of equipment and

arrangements.

CO2 extinguishers

Dry powder chemical extinguishers

Foam extinguishers

80 mm. spray hoses

Fire brigade

Fire hydrant

Protocol (chemical to combat oil fires).

In order to avoid fire in cable galleries, all the power and control cables of FRLS type (Fire

Resistant Low Smoke) will be used.

7.4.4 Inspection

Fire alarm panel (electrical) will cover the entire plant. The inspection group will periodically

inspect fire extinguishers in fire stations and machines and other places.

The groups will display emergency telephone number boards at vital points.

The group will regularly carry out general inspection for fire.

7.4.5 Procedure for Extinguishing Fire

The following steps will be taken during a fire accident in the system:

As soon as the message is received about fire, one of the systems will be diverted to the

place of the fire accident along with a staff member.




Simultaneously plant fire station will be informed by phone walkie for fire brigades and fire

stations of nearby area.

In the meanwhile, the pipe system will be operated to obtain maximum pressure on output.

In case cables are within the reach of fire, power supply will be tripped and the cables

shifted.

7.4.6 Fire Fighting with Water

Adequate and reliable arrangement is required for fighting the fire with water such as:

1. Provision for Fire brigade and Fire hydrant.

2. Arrangement of pipelines along and around all vulnerable areas.

3. Provision of valves at appropriate points to enable supply of water at the required

place/area or divert the same to another direction/pipe line.

4. Provision of overhead tanks which will be providing with the water during power failure

and it would work by the gravitational force.

6.4.7 Sources of Water for Fire Fighting

The following two sources of water have been considered for firefighting:

Overhead Tank

Raw Water Reservoir

7.4.8 Fire Fighting with Fire Extinguishers

To deal with fire – other than carbonaceous fires, which can be deal with by water – suitable

fire extinguishers are required to do the job effectively. It is therefore, necessary to keep

adequate number of extinguishers in readiness at easily approachable places. Adequate

number of fire stations would be:

Further, other spray groups from the system will be diverted to the spot.

In case of fire in the belt, belt will be cut near the burning portion to save the remaining

parts.

After extinguishing the fire, the area will be well prepared for reuse.

Foam System for firefighting will be provided to control fire from the alcohol storage

tank. The foam thus produced will suppress fire by separating the fuel from the air

(oxygen), and hence avoiding the fire and explosion to occur in the tank. Foam would

blanket the fuel surface smothering the fire. The fuel will also be cooled by the water

content of the foam.

The foam blanket suppresses the release of flammable vapors that can mix with the air.




7.5 On–Site Emergency Plan

7.5.1 Introduction

The views of the possible hazards that can arise out of the daily operations in the distillery

plant, various measures are adopted to prevent the occurrence of a major accident. This

comprises of:

Built in safety measures, alarms, trips and interlocks etc.

Standard safe operating and maintenance procedures permit system etc.

Training of all the involved staff in normal and emergency operating procedures.

Training of all employees in safety, fire fighting and first aid.

However, in spite of these precautions, it is required to foresee situation of major

accident and plan for taking timely action to minimize the effects of such incident on the

safety and health of persons working in the plant as well as those living around the

premises.

7.6 Preparation of Plan

7.6.1 Alarm System

A siren shall be provided under the control of Security office in the plant premises to give

warning. In case of emergencies this will be used on the instructions to shift in charge that is

positioned round the clock. The warning signal for emergency shall be as follows:

– Emergency Siren: Waxing and waning sound for 3 minutes.

– All clear signal: Continuous siren for one minute.

7.6.2 Communication

Walkies and Talkies are located at strategic locations; internal telephone system EPBX with

external P&T telephones would be provided.

7.6.3 Fire Protection System

7.6.3.1 Fire Fighting System

The fire protection system for the unit is to provide for early detection, alarm, containment

and suppression of fires. The fire detection and protection system has been planned to meet

the above objective an all–statutory and insurance requirement of Tariff Advisory Committee

(TAC) of India. The complete fire protection system will comprise of the following.

(a)Fire brigade

Automatic / manual fire detection and alarm system




(b)Fire Hydrant

Fire hydrant will be provided at all around in the plant as per TAC Norms.

(c)Portable fire extinguishers

Various areas of the plant will have one or more of the above system depending upon the

particular nature of risk involved in that area.

(d)Portable Chemical Fire Extinguishers

These are intended as a first line of defense, and hence will be stationed at strategic

locations in different buildings and also for outdoor facilities. Portable fire extinguishers will

be foam type; carbon dioxide type and multipurpose dry chemical (MPDC) type.

(e)Fire Detection and Alarm System

Fire detection and alarm system an effective means of detection, visual indication of fire

location and audible alarm of any fire at its incipient stage. This system will comprise fire

alarm panels, automatic fire detectors, manual call points and fire siren (hooter).

The main fire alarm panel will provide both visual and audible alarm of fire in any protected

areas of the plant.

Manual break glass type fire alarms will be provided at strategic locations where high

hazards exits.

Automatic fire detectors will be provided for coal handling areas and in plant areas such as

control rooms, switchgear rooms, cable galleries etc.

7.6.4 First Aid

A first aid centre with adequate facilities shall be provided. It shall be maintained round the

clock by a compounder cum dresser and a doctor. An Ambulance shall also be provided at

site to carry affected people to hospital.

7.6.5 Security

The security requirements of the company premises shall be taken care of by CSO assisted by

a Fire In charge. The team, apart from the normal security functions will manage the role

required during a disaster management operation as a part of the crisis control team.

7.6.6 Safety

The safety wing led by a Safety Manager will meet the requirement of emergencies round

the clock. The required safety appliances shall be distributed at different locations of the

plant to meet any eventualities. Poster/placards reflecting safety awareness will be placed at

different locations in the plant area.




7.6.7 Evacuation Procedure

As the major hazard is only due to fire, which has more or less localized impact no mass

evacuation, procedures are required. Evacuation would involve only the people working very

close to the fire area.

7.6.8 Emergency Control Center

Provision is made to establish an Emergency Control Centre (ECC) from which emergency

operations are directed and coordinated. This centre is activated as soon as on–site

emergency is declared.

The ECC consists of one room, located in an area that offers minimal risk being directly

exposed to possible accidents.

During an emergency, the Emergency Management Staff, including the site controller will

gather in the ECC. Therefore, the ECC is equipped with adequate communication systems in

the form of telephones and other equipments to allow unhampered organisations and other

nearby facility personnel.

The ECC provides shelter to its occupants against the most common accidents; in addition,

the ECC’s communication systems are protected from possible shutdown. The ECC has its

own emergency lighting arrangement and electric communication systems operation.

Only a limited and prearranged number of people are admitted to the ECC, when in use. This

eliminates unnecessary interference and reduces confusion.

The ECC is always ready for operation and provided with the equipment and supplies

necessary during the emergency such as:

– Updated copies of the On–site Disaster Management Plan.

– Emergency telephone numbers.

– The names, phone number, and address of external agencies, response organizations and

neighbouring facilities.

– The adequate number of telephone (more than two).

– Emergency lights, Clocks, Personal protective equipment.

– List of fire extinguishers with their type no. and location, capacity, etc.

– Safety helmets – List of quantity and location.

– Status boards/message board.

– Material safety data sheets for chemicals handled at the facility.

– Several maps of the facility including drainage system for surrounding area showing:




Areas where hazardous materials are stored.

Plot plans of storage tanks, routes of pipelines, all water permanent lines etc.

The locations where personal protective equipment are stored.

The position of pumping stations and other water sources.

Roads and plant entrances.

Assembly areas and layout of Hydrant lines.

7.6.9 Communication Equipments and Alarm Systems

This kind of equipment is absolutely vital for notifying accident; make the emergency known

both inside and outside of the facility, and coordinating, the response actions among the

various groups involved in response operations.

In particular, this equipment is used to communicate within the facility; communicate

between the facility and outside organizations; and inform the public.

Different communications systems can vary in effectiveness, depending on the task. The

most common types installed in the plant are given below.

7.6.9.1 Sirens

These are audible alarm systems commonly used in facilities. In case of any emergency siren

will be operated short intermittently for 1.5 minutes.

An alarm does more than just emergency warning. It also instructs people to carry out

specific assignments, such as reach to assembly point for further instructions and actions, or

carry out protective measures; this can be achieved only if the people are familiar with the

alarm systems and are trained to respond to it.

7.6.10 Personal Protective Equipments

This equipment is used mainly for three reasons; to protect personnel from a hazard while

performing rescue/accident control operations, to do maintenance and repair work under

hazardous conditions, and for escape purposes. The list of Personal Protective Equipment

provided at the facility and their locations are available in ECC.

Effective command and control accomplish these functions necessitates personal trained in

this On–site Disaster Management Plan with adequate facilities and equipments and

equipment to carry out their duties and functions. These organizations and the facilities

required to support their response are summarized in the following subsections.

Emergency Control Plan is given in Figure 7.3.




Figure 7.3

Emergency Control Plan

7.6.11 Procedure for Testing and Updating the Plan

Simulated emergency preparedness exercises and mock fire fighting exercises including

mutual aid scheme resources and in conservation with district emergency authority to be

carried out time to time.

7.6.12 Disclosure of Information to Worker and Public Awareness System in Existence and

Anticipated

– Safety awareness among workers by conserving various training programmes and

Seminars, competition, slogans etc.

– Practical exercise.

– Distribution and practices of safety Instructions.

– Safety Quiz contests.

– Display of Safety Posters and Safety Slogans.

– Developing Safety Instructions for every Job and ensuring these instructions/booklets or

manuals by the workers.

7.7 Off-Site Emergency Preparedness Plan




The task of preparing the Off-Site Emergency Plan lies with the district collector; however the

off-site plan will be prepared with the help of the local district authorities. The proposed plan

will be based on the following guidelines.

Introduction

Off-site emergency plan follows the on-site emergency plan. When the consequences of an

emergency situation go beyond the plant boundaries, it becomes an off-site emergency. Off-

site emergency is essentially the responsibility of the public administration. However, the

factory management will provide the public administration with the technical information

relating to the nature, quantum and probable consequences on the neighboring population.

The off-site plan in detail will be based on those events which are most likely to occur, but

other less likely events which have severe consequence will also be considered. Incidents

which have very severe consequences yet have a small probability of occurrence will also be

considered during the preparation of the plan. However, the key feature of a good off-site

emergency plan is flexibility in its application to emergencies other than those specifically

included in the formation of the plan.

The roles of the various parties who will be involved in the implementation of an off-site plan

are described below. Depending on local arrangements, the responsibility for the off-site

plan will be either rest with the works management or, with the local authority. Either way,

the plan will identify an emergency co-coordinating officer, who would take the overall

command of the off-site activities. As with the on-site plan, an emergency control center will

be setup within which the emergency co-coordinating office can operate.

An early decision will be required in many cases on the advice to be given to people living

“within range” of the accident - in particular whether they should be evacuated or told to go

indoors. In the latter case, the decision can regularly be reviewed in the event of an

escalation of the incident. Consideration of evacuation may include the following factors.

In the case of a major fire but without explosion risk (e.g an oil storage tank), only houses

close to the fire are likely to need evacuation, although a severe smoke hazard may

require this to be reviewed periodically;

If a fire is escalating and in turn threatening a store of hazardous material, it might be

necessary to evacuate people nearby, but only if there is time; if insufficient time exists,

people should be advised to stay indoors and shield themselves from the fire.

Aspects to be considered in the Off-Site Emergency Plan




The main aspects, which will be included in the emergency plan, are:

Organization

Details of command structure, warning systems, implementation procedures, emergency

control centers.

Names and appointments of incident controller, site main controller, their deputies and

other key personnel.

Communications

Identification of personnel involved, communication center, call signs, network, lists of

telephone numbers.

Specialized Knowledge

Details of specialist bodies, firms and people upon whom it may be necessary to call i.e.

those with specialized chemical knowledge, laboratories.

Voluntary Organizations

Details of organizers, telephone numbers, resources etc

Chemical Information

Details of the hazardous substances stored or procedure on each site and a summary of the

risk associated with them.

Meteorological Information

Arrangements for obtaining details of weather conditions prevailing at the time and weather

forecasts.

Humanitarian Arrangements

Transport, evacuation centers, emergency feeding, treatment of injured, first aid,

ambulances, temporary mortuaries.

Public Information

Arrangements for dealing with the media press office; informing relatives, etc.

Assessment

Arrangements for: (a) collecting information on the causes of the emergency; (b) reviewing

the efficiency and effectiveness of all aspects of the emergency plan.

Role of the Emergency Co-coordinating Officer

The various emergency services will be co-ordinate by an emergency coordinating officer

(ECO), who will be designated by the District Collector. The ECO will liase closely with the site

main controller. Again depending on local arrangements, for very severe incidents with




major or prolonged off-site consequences, the external control will be passed to a senior

local authority administrator or even an administrator appointed by the central or state

government.

Role of the Local Authority

The duty to prepare the off-site plan lies with the local authorities. The emergency planning

officer (EPO) appointed will carry out his duty in preparing for a whole range of different

emergencies within the local authority area. The EPO will liase with the works, to obtain the

information to provide the basis for the plan. This liaison will ensure that the plan is

continually kept up-to-date.

It will be the responsibility of the EPO to ensure that all those organizations which will be

involved off site in handling the emergency, know of their role and are able to accept it by

having for example, sufficient staff and appropriate equipment to cover their particular

responsibilities. Rehearsals for off-site plans will be organized by the EPO.

Role of Police

Formal duties of the police during an emergency include protecting life and property and

controlling traffic movements.

Their functions will include controlling bystanders evacuating the public, identifying the dead

and dealing with casualties, and informing relatives of death or injury.

Role of Fire Authorities

The control of a fire will be normally the responsibility of the senior fire brigade officer who

would take over the handling of the fire from the site incident controller on arrival at the

site. The senior fire brigade officer will also have a similar responsibility for other events,

such as explosions. Fire authorities in the region will be apprised about the location of all

stores of flammable materials, water and foam supply points, and fire-fighting equipment.

They will be involved in on-site emergency rehearsals both as participants and on occasions,

as observes of exercises involving only site personnel.

Role of Health Authorities

Health authorities, including doctors, surgeons, hospitals, ambulances, and so on, will have a

vital part to play following a major accident, and they will form an integral part of the

emergency plan.




For major fires, injuries will be the result of the effects of thermal radiation to a varying

degree, and the knowledge and experience to handle this in all but extreme cases may be

generally available in most hospitals.

Major off-site incidents are likely to require medical equipment and facilities additional to

those available locally, and a medical “mutual aid “scheme should exist to enable the

assistance of neighboring authorities to be obtained in the event of an emergency.

Role of Government Safety Authority

Factory Inspectors of the region may like to satisfy themselves that the organization

responsible for producing the off-site plan has made adequate arrangements for handling

emergencies of all types including major emergencies. They may wish to see well

documented producers and evidence of exercise undertaken to test the plan.

In the event of an accident, local arrangements regarding the role of the factory inspector

will apply. These may vary from keeping a watching brief to a close involvement in advising

on operations.

7.8 Occupational Health and Safety

Large industries, in general, and chemical plants in particular where multifarious activities

are involved during construction, erection, testing, commissioning, operation &

maintenance, the men, materials and machines are the basic inputs. Along with the boons,

the industrialization generally brings several problems like occupational health and safety.

Occupational Health

Occupational health needs attention both during construction & erection and operation &

maintenance phases. However, the problem varies both in magnitude and variety in the

above phases.

Construction & Erection

The occupational health problems envisaged at this stage can mainly be due to

constructional accident and noise.

To overcome these hazards, in addition to arrangements to reduce it within TLV’s personal

protective devices should also be supplied to workers.

Operation and Maintenance

The problem of occupational health, in the operation and maintenance phase is due to

Respirable dust and noise. With suitable engineering controls the exposures can be reduced




to less than TLV limits and proper personnel protective devices should be given to

employees.

The working personnel should be given the following appropriate personnel protective

devices.

Industrial Safety Helmet

Crash Helmets

Zero power plain goggles with cut type filters on both ends.

Zero power goggles with cut type filters on both sides and blue colour glasses

Chemical goggles

Welders equipment for eye & face protection

Cylindrical type earplug

Ear muffs

Dust masks

Canister Gas mask

Self contained breathing apparatus

Leather apron

Aluminized fiber glass fix proximity suit with hood and gloves

Boiler suit

Safety belt/lime man’s safety belt

Leather hand gloves

Asbestos hand gloves

Acid/Alkali proof rubberized hand gloves

Canvas cum leather hand gloves with leather palm

Lead hand glove

Electrically tested electrical resistance hand gloves

Industrial safety shoes with steel toe

Rubber boots (alkali resistant)

Electrical safety shoes without steel toe and gum boots

Full fledged hospital facilities should be made available round the clock for attending

emergency arising out of accidents, if any. All working personnel should be medically examined




at least once in every year and at the end of his term of employment. This is in addition to the

pre-employment medical examination.

Safety Plan

Safety of both men and materials during construction and operation phases is of concern. The

preparedness of an industry for the occurrence of possible disasters is known as emergency

plan. The disaster in the plant is possible due to leakage of hazardous chemicals, collapse of

structures and fire/explosion etc.

Keeping in view the safety requirement during construction, operation and maintenance

phases, plant has formulated safety policy with the following regulations:

To allocate sufficient resources to maintain safe and healthy conditions at work;

To take steps to ensure that all known safety factors are taken into account in the design,

construction, operation and maintenance of plants, machinery and equipment;

To ensure that adequate safety instruction are given to all employees;

To provide wherever necessary protective equipment, safety appliances and clothing,

and to ensure their proper use;

To inform employees about materials equipment or processes used in their work which

are known to be potentially hazardous to health or safety;

To keep all operations and methods of work under regular review for making necessary

changes from the point of view of safety in the light of experience and upto date

knowledge;

To provide appropriate facilities for first aid and prompt treatment of injuries and illness

at work;

To provide appropriate instruction, training, retraining and supervision to employees in

health and safety, first aid and to ensure that adequate publicity is given to these

matters;

To ensure proper implementation of fire prevention methods and an appropriate fire

fighting service together with training facilities for personnel involved in this service;

To organize collection, analysis and presentation of data on accident, sickness and

incident involving personnel injury or injury to health with a view to taking corrective,

remedial and preventive action;

To promote through the established machinery, joint consultation in health and safety

matters to ensure effective participation by all employees;




To publish/notify regulations, instruction and notices in the common language of

employees;

To prepare separate safety rules for each types of occupation/processes involved in a

project; and

To ensure regular safety inspection by a competent person at suitable intervals of all

buildings, equipment, work places and operations.

Safety Organization

Construction & Erection Phase

A qualified and experienced safety officer will be appointed. The responsibilities of the safety

officers include identification of the hazardous conditions and unsafe acts of workers and

advice on corrective actions, conduct safety audit, organize training programs and provide

professional expert advice on various issues related to occupational safety and health. He is

also responsible to ensure compliance of works Safety Rules/Statutory Provisions.

In addition to employment of safety officer by plant every contractor, who employs more than

70 workers, should also employ one safety officer to ensure safety of the workers, in

accordance with the conditions of contract.

Operation & Maintenance Phase

When the construction is completed the posting of safety officers should be in accordance

with the requirement of Factories Act and their duties and responsibilities should be as defined

thereof.

Safety Circle

In order to fully develop the capabilities of the employees in identification of hazardous

processes and improving safety and health, safety circles would be constituted in each area of

work. The circle would consist of 5-6 employees from that area. The circle normally should

meet for about an hour every week.

Safety Training

A full fledged training center will be set up. Safety training will be provided by the Safety

Officer with the assistance of faculty members called from Corporate Center, Professional

Safety Institutions and Universities. In addition to regular employees, limited contractor labors

are also provided safety training.

To create safety awareness safety films will be shown to workers and leaflets etc. will be

distributed.




Some precautions and remedial measures proposed to be adopted to prevent fires are:

Compartmentation of cable galleries, use of proper sealing techniques of cable passages

and crevices in all directions would help in localizing and identifying the area of

occurrence of fire as well as ensure effective automatic and manual fire fighting

operations;

Spread of fire in horizontal direction would be checked by providing fire stops for cable

shafts;

Reliable and dependable type of fire detection system with proper zoning and interlocks

for alarms are effective protection methods for conveyor galleries;

Housekeeping of high standard helps in eliminating the causes of fire and regular fire

watching system strengthens fire prevention and fire fighting; and

Proper fire watching by all concerned would be ensured.

Details of Workers Health Check up

Pre Employment Test

At the time of joining process every new employee under goes Pre Employment medical Test

by the qualified doctors. Medical fitness is compulsory to submit the HR department.

Frequency of Medical Test of Employees

Medical test for all employees will be carried out bi-annually.

Sr.

No.

Existing Proposed

Pre Employment Test

Post Employment biannual medical

test

Post

Employment

biannual

medical test

1 Physical Examination

Weight

Height

Blood Pressure

Chest

Physical Examination

Weight

Height

Blood Pressure

Chest

Physical

Examination

Weight

Height

Blood Pressure

Chest

2 Blood Group and RBC test RBC test RBC test

3 Urine Examination Urine Examination Urine

Examination

4 Chest X ray Chest X ray Chest X ray

5 Vision test Vision test Vision test

6 Blood Sugar Blood Sugar Blood Sugar

7 ECG ECG ECG

8 Spirometry test Spirometry test Spirometry test

9 Color and Vision Test Color and Vision Test Color and Vision




Test

10 Audiometry test Audiometry test Audiometry test

Adequate fund INR 5.0 Lakhs per year will be allocated under occupational health and safety

plan. Workers' health will be evaluated by pre designed format, chest x rays, Audiometry,

Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG,

during pre-placement and periodical examinations.

7.9 Public Consultation

Public Hearing was conducted on 05.01.2019 (Annexure-10). The detailed action plan is given

below table:

Final EIA for Enhancement in Production of Grain Based Distillery (100 KLPD to 130 KLPD) at existing premises i.e Plot No. B-1, M.I.D.C. Lonand, Tal. Khandala, Satara

District in the State of Maharashtra. M/s. Privilege Industries Limited


S.

N.

Name of the

Person Issue raised

Comments/ Commitments made

by Project Proponent/ Project

Consultant/Public Hearing

Committee

Action and Time Frame

1

Shri Nanasaheb

Balkrishna

Nanavare,

Principal, New

English School,

Resident of Andori

Village, Tal.:

Khandala, Dist.:

Satara

1) The village Andori is just 2-3

km away from the project.

Pollution is pollution, whether

it is water or air.

2) In the presentation, it is shown

that the CSR fund is funded in

the surrounding areas. But the

Project Proponent has not

implemented social schemes

as expected. They have not

visited nearly 15 schools in the

area. Other companies do

carry the social welfare work

regularly.

3) Project Proponent should

control the pollution, but

should not avoid their social

responsibility. The students of

the local areas should be given

financial help to complete the

educational courses. The

nearby Gram Panchayat areas

should be provided various

pollution free items.

4) The meeting should be

arranged in other companies

also as arranged here to make

Project Proponent welcomed the

various suggestions. It is promised

the same in future. Project

Proponent further informed that

local schools have been provided

with Reverse Osmosis (RO) system

and toilet blocks. Some school

students have been provided with

note books, and other apparatus. It

is informed that if Educational

Institute do inform their priorities

for immediate

requirements/needs, it can be

fulfilled positively.

INR 18.95 crore is proposed Under

EMP

Time Frame: within one Year

There is a provision of INR 5.0

Lacks under ESC for School

Time Frame : within One Year




aware common people for

pollution control.

2

Shri Shivaji Jagtap,

Resident of Morve,

Tal.: Khandala,

Dist.: Satara

1) The various industries have

been commissioned after

existence of MIDC area. When

there is industrialization, there

will be pollution. As wind

changes direction, there may

be threat of air pollution.

Project Proponent could have

been carried survey from the

eastern side. Now Project

Proponent plans for

expansion, it will require

additional water. It will be

lifted from drinking water

reservoir of this area. Hence

local people will get less water

for drinking purposes.

2) The local people should be

given priority while giving job

opportunities after expansion

of the project.

Project Proponent informed that at

present 1150 KLD water is required

for the project. After expansion,

there will not be any increase in

the requirement of water for the

project. The percentage of Alcohol

can be increased up to 14% from 8-

9%. The industrial effluent which

will created in the process will

treated in Effluent Treatment Plant

& and MEE. It will be recycled and

reused in the process as well as for

gardening. The project is Zero

Liquid Discharge (ZLD). Hence local

people should not fear about the

project.

Project Proponent informed that

since inception of the project, local

people are given priority in the job

opportunities.

----

3

Shri Bharat Jadhav,

Resident of Morve,

Dist.: Satara

The More village is 9.0 km away

from the project. The Project

Proponent should spend the

fund of CSR as per requirement

in the local area. The local

people should be given priorities

The suggestion is welcomed by the

Project Proponent. The

priorities/need of the local people

will be considered while spending

the money of CSR for the social

welfare project.

There is a provision for INR 37.5

lacks Under CER activity.

Time Frame: within 2 years




while extending job

opportunities.

4

Shri Ashok

Chandrakant

Dhayagude,

Resident of Andori,

Tal.: Khandala,

Dist.: Satara

While supporting the expansion

of the project, what are the

criteria for spending the amount

of CSR for social welfare

schemes?

The suggestions given by

Principal Nanaware are

supported and should be

implemented. The amount

should be earmarked for

developing greenbelt in the

area.

The Project Proponent has planted

more than 1000 trees. If the local

people make available the

space/land, definitely positive

steps will be taken.




5

Shri Anil Mahadev

Kudale, President,

BJP Khandala

Taluka Samiti, Dist.:

Satara, Local

Agriculturist

1) The advice of Government

Department should be sought

for sowing of sampling in the

area. The greenbelt should be

developed on the hill, which is

near the village. Separate

water supply connection

should be provided on the hill

to maintain the greenbelt.

2) Project Proponent should

undertake a pilot project to

develop personality of the

local children under CSR. One

of such projects is in existence

at Beed.

Project Proponent answered that

with the co-operation and

guidance of local people, sapling

programme can be implemented.

The suggestion of providing water

connection at outside the factory

can only be implemented after

studying the arrangement made

with MIDC.

The suggestion is noted.


lacks under CER programe




3) As per directives of Hon’ble

Environment Minister, the

sapling programme should be

implemented. The local people

have planted and nourished

the 20 trees at Bhairavnath Hill

and now 40 tress should be

should be planted and

nourished. The Project

Proponent should provide

water connection at

Bhairavnath Hill to nourish the

trees.

4) The people of Lonand thanks

for the assistance rendered by

the Project Proponent for the

renovation of local Mhasoba

Temple.

The suggestion is noted. As

discussed, during the meeting, the

agreement made with MIDC will

have to be studied first and then

only decision will be taken.

Noted.

6

Shri Yogesh

Kuchekar, Resident

– Maraiwadi, Tal.:

Khandala, Dist.:

Satara

Due to the pollution from the

industry, there is threat to the

nearby villages. The cropping

pattern is also disturbed. Only

undertaking the tree plantation

programme is of no use, unless

the planted trees are nourished.

The Project Proponent should

make arrangement for providing

drinking water to the villages

and for the nourishment of

trees.


the project is Zero Liquid Discharge

(ZLD). Not a drop of water is

generated outside the factory. As

per the directives of Central

Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and

Maharashtra Pollution Control

Board (MPCB), Online Monitoring

System is installed and in operation

which is connected to the server of

CPCB & MPCB. The prescribed

standards are maintained for air

INR 18.95 crore is proposed Under

EMP

Time Frame: within one Year




pollution. As discussed earlier, for

taking water connection outside

MIDC area will have to discussed

with the Competent Authority and

then only it can be implemented.

7

H Madhu Babu, An

Environmentalist

from Hyderabad

The project is Zero Liquid

Discharge (ZLD) and hence the

project is welcomed. While

developing green belt, the

medicinal plants should be

developed. The local species

should be planted. The

requirement of any particular

village for social development

programme should be studied

and then only implemented

through CSR. The directives of

the MPCB and CPCB should be

followed strictly. The

suggestions in the writing is

handed to the Committee.

The suggestions are noted and will

be implemented.


lacks under CER programe

8

Shri Vishwas

Shirtude, Director,

Krishi-Utpan Bajar

Samiti,

Lonand, Resident of

Lonand, Dist.:

Satara

Before starting the procedure of

the meeting, the participant are

directed to raise any suggestion

or objection on the

environmental issues of the

industry only is suppression of

the Public Hearing Committee.

The trucks carrying barley is

always unloaded in the bank

colony at Ward No.11. The


almost all workers appointed in the

project are local people only. The

person and agency who are

throwing Barley will be informed

immediately. Utmost precaution

will be taken to avoid any nuisance

to local people.

-




waste lies uplifted. Hence

people residing in the vicinity

suffers.

The land of the local farmers is

acquired by MIDC for

developing the industrial zone.

Hence the list of the local people

working in the project should be

made available. The industries

are essential for the

development, but not a single

worker from Lonand village is

appointed in the project. The

people of Lonand welcomes the

expansion of the project.

9

Shri Harshavardhan

Anandrao Shelke

Patil, Resident of

Lonand, Dist.:

Satara

1) Thanks for arranging this Public

Hearing Meeting. The study of

local villages are carried in the

EIA. The people of

Chamarwadi, Padegaon should

be taken in confidence while

implementing social welfare

schemes under CSR. The

Project Proponent do provide

Reverse Osmosis (RO) System

in the winter. The precaution

for not spreading waste barley

should be taken.

2) The Project Proponent should

treat local people with dignity.

Noted.

The suggestion will be

implemented immediately.

A local person will be made

available to stand on the main gate







A Local Person be made

available at the main gate with

security personnel who knows

the local people to avoid

misunderstanding.

3) The Head wise expenditure of

CSR should be made available.

4) The Environment Camp like

this be arranged at other

industries also to make local

people aware of the pollution

problems.

with security personnel.

The suggestion is noted. The CSR

amount will be Spent as per the

priorities given by local people.

The suggestions are noted.

10

Shri Devidas Kisan

Chavan, Ex-

sarpanch, Pimpare

Budruk, Resident of

Pimpare Budruk,

Dist-Satara

The survey of Pimpare village for

water and air is not carried till to

date. The water of small

canal/odha is observed black in

colour. Even if in rainy season

also, the black colour water is

released. The crop of chilly and

tomato were observed not upto

desired quality and now it is not

growing. The scientific study for

the same should be undertaken

immediately.

Noted the suggestion.

--

11 Shri Ravindra

Ramesh Kshirsagar,

The Project Proponent has spent

nearly Rupees 8.5 (Rupees Eight

The point is noted.

-




Resident of Lonand,

Dist-Satara

Lakh Fifty thousand) to built the

toilet blocks in some schools in

the local area.

12

Shri Kali Mulllha,

Resident of Lonand,

Dist-Satara

1) Due to expansion, the use of

coal for burning will increase.

Hence the huge coal smoke

should be avoided.

2) The Project Proponent is

wholeheartedly implementing

the social welfare schemes

under CSR. The budget of CSR

should be increased. The

programme of cleaning of local

nallas passing through the

villages be taken in hand. The

amount should be earmarked

for tree plantation.

3) It is observed that in many

processing units the sudden fire

incidences occurs; Hence Fire

Brigade and Ambulance should

be made available to avoid

further mishap.

The Project Proponent informed

that the prescribed standards as

laid down by CPCB and MPCB are

maintained. The Online Monitoring

System is in operation and

connection of it is connected to the

server of MPCB and CPCB.

As discussed during the meeting,

the local people will be taken into

confidence and priorities will be

decided for work under CSR.

The suggestion is Welcomed. It is

informed that the Project

Proponent has already purchased

the ambulance van which will be in

operation in few days. The

discussion with Competent

Authority is under process for

purchasing the Fire brigade

Vehicle.


lacks Under EMP for Air Pollution

control.








13

Shri Ankush Baba

Pawar, Resident of

Hal village, Dist-

Satara

Project Proponent should

purchase the grain from the

local farmers only.

Noted.

---------------




CHAPTER 8

PROJECT BENEFITS

8.0 INTRODUCTION

The proposed Expansion plants would bring forth many positive socio-economic improvements

due to its varied production line comprising of:

8.1 IMPROVEMENT IN PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

This project will improve the overall physical infrastructure in this area Rain water

harvesting will be done for groundwater recharging that will improve the ground water

table in the area.

The availability of ground water will be a boon to the surrounding vegetable and other

product farmers.

PIL shall maintain the roads in good conditions so that the road connectivity will improve

for surface transport, villagers will be benefitted.

Greening drive in the area will remove the barren land configuration and give a pleasant

look and improve biodiversity

8.2 IMPROVEMENT IN SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Proposed project will not disturb the existing pattern of demographic structure

No R & R Plan is required as the industry will be located in barren land already procured.

By the presence of this industry, local transporters will have business.

The villagers will have employment opportunity and livelihood and basic amenity support

for better future.

Overall business environment will grow which will ensure improvement in banking

insurance, investment and courier services.

Fire fighting facilities will be now more easily available at doorstep of villagers.

Education level of local community is expected to rise due to flow of funds and avenues of

livelihood being available.

Improvement in primary health centers (PHC) will help in health status of residents in this

area. Augmentation in the areas of medical facilities will occur.

Health awareness may also help in family planning decision making. Living in harmony is an

impotent aspect of the society, this will become possible by this venture




The corporate social responsibilities (CSR) initiatives are focused on employees, the

communities around its facilities and the environment running these activities. Providing

vocational training to make them self-sufficient

Unit will actively support the efforts of primary education to the children’s of economically

weaker sections of the society. More opportunity in the field of education

On the environment front active drive of tree plantations across villages and training

lectures in-house undertaken

8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL

Proposed industry expansion and its supporting activities need many types of people right

from manual to managerial strength in a pyramid.

The raw material growing and caring may need unskilled and skilled workers. Project

activities will require skilled, semi skilled and unskilled workers.

The overall potential including garage, loading unloading and small shop owners is

substantial. The local people can get a good share out of these opportunities.

It is expected that additional people will get employment. Increase Job opportunities for

the local people as well as immigrants.

Employment in tertiary sector is expected to be improved in the region.

There would be increase in the commercial, business and shopping centers due to influx of

population in the region to cater the needs of existing population.

There may be a development of infrastructural facilities due to proposed activity in the

region.

It would also result in the appreciation of land values around these areas.

Indirect benefit to the local people by providing opportunities for starting small / medium

scale business in trade and commerce.

Overall improvement of the peripheral human habitat in the project area.

8.4 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS

Both tangible and non-tangible benefits will result from this activity and many of those are

described as above.

Flood control by rain water arresting and harvesting. Erosion control by nalla training,

terracing and bonding.

Groundwater levels increase by recharging by rainwater harvesting.




Time saving by quicker transport available in the area.

Aesthetics improvement by general greenery with emphasis on biodiversity.

Developed economy strengthens demographic set up that will bring weightage to secure

better school-subsidy and health institute.

Improved safety security in surrounding with better law and order.

Symbiosis and sustainable development will be the ultimate objectives of the proposed

project.

--------------


B-1, M.I.D.C. Lonand, KhandalaMandal, Satara District in the State of Maharashtra M/s. Privilege Industries Limited


CHAPTER 9

ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

9.1 INTRODUCTION

Not required as this doesn’t comes under scope.

--------------




CHAPTER 10

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.0 INTRODUCTION

The environmental management plan consists of the set of mitigation, management,

monitoring and institutional measures to be taken during implementation and operation to

eliminate adverse environmental impacts or reduce them to acceptable levels. The present

environmental management plan addresses the components of environmental affected during

construction of the plant and by the different activities forming part of the manufacturing

processes.

Environmental Policy

i. Overall conservation of environment.

ii. Minimization of waste generation and pollution.

iii. Judicious use of natural resources and water.

iv. Safety, welfare and good health of the work force and populace.

v. Ensure effective operation of all control measures.

vi. Vigilance against probable disasters and accidents.

vii. Monitoring of cumulative and long time impacts.

viii. Ensure effective operation of all control measures.

Annual review of the entire system and various environment management as well as process

control and monitoring systems shall be done. Environment monitoring shall be done to collect

the data on air, water, soil, noise etc. and duly recorded. Environmental Management Plan

which shall be implemented is detailed under the following heads:

i. Pollution Control Systems

ii. Waste Minimization and Resource Conservation

iii. Occupational Health and Safety

iv. Socio-Economic Development

v. Greenbelt Development Plan

Standards operating procedures, formats will be developed and records will be maintained.

Provision of internal audit will be made. Any NCs/Observation will be directly conveyed to

Management and accordingly corrective and preventive action will be taken.




10.1 POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM

Detailed study of the pre-project commissioning environment and also the likely (and

predicted) implications after the plant commissioning suggests that the following

preventive/control measures are considered necessary to reduce the adverse impact to the

utmost practicable limit.

10.1.1 Air Environment

i. Stack height would be approx.. 50 m for gaseous emission confirming to the CPCB norms.


ii. Stack emission level will be kept within permissible limit by installation of ESP and online


iii. Ambient air quality and stack emission would be regularly monitored and effective

control exercised, so as to keep limits on stack emission loads would be met honestly at

all the time.

iv. In order to avoid fugitive emissions from different sources, water will be sprayed. Also

the roads within the premises will be concreted to prevent dust emission.

v. The ambient air monitoring will be carried out regularly in the work zone and

surrounding areas, to check that ambient air levels of the contaminants, are well below

the stipulated norms.

vi. Green belt around the periphery and within premises will be developed which will help in


10.1.2 Action Plan to Control Fugitive Emission

Main source of fugitive emissions is transportation of men and material during operational

phase of project. To control fugitive emissions following measures shall be adopted:

i. In order to avoid fugitive emissions from different sources spraying of water shall be

used,

ii. The roads within the premises will be concreted / paved to avoid vehicular emissions,

iii. All transportation vehicles shall carry a valid PUC (Pollution under Control) Certificate,

iv. Proper servicing and maintenance of vehicles will be carried out,

v. Regular sweeping of all the roads and floors will be done,

vi. 33% of the total plant area will be developed as green area. Green belt act as surface for

settling of dust particle and thus will reduce the particulate matter in air, and




vii. Ambient air quality will be regularly monitored and effective control exercised, so as to

keep emission within the limits. (Table 10.1).

Table 10.1: Action Plan to Control Fugitive Emissions

S. No. Emissions Sources Management measures

1. Vehicular emissions Paved roads

Regular sweeping

Water sprinkling through mobile tankers

CPCB Guidelines will be followed

10.1.3 Waste Water Environment

The proposed project would be based on “Zero Liquid Discharge” (ZLD).

10.1.4 Solid Waste Environment

Process Waste

Fly ash will be sold to brick manufactures.

DWGS/DDGS will be sold as cattle feed.









10.1.6 Green Belt Development

Green belt planning will be done with ecological perspectives for plant of PIL plant taking

into consideration the nature of pollutants, availability of space and dominant wind

directions. Recommendations given by expert committee on plantation requirements in the

premises of the plant would be fully implemented. This will help in reducing the

concentration of pollutants and will also be effective in attenuating noise levels.

PIL has social obligation to recreate the environmental status by providing thick green cover

to suppress fugitive emission and provide aesthetic beauty. Trees form the important part of

the biosphere in the Eco-system.

It will be exercised as follows:




i. Green belt development in and around the project site will help in to attenuate the

pollution level.

ii. Out of the total plant area 33% land will be utilized for green belt development and

plantation will be done as per Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) Norms.

iii. Native species will be given priority for Avenue plantation.

iv. The periphery will be devoted to generation of green belt area.

10.1.6.1 Eco System

Environment, which is the sum of both non-living and living factors existing at a place,

interacts and influences the ecology of the area. Ecology is an important component

comprising of flora (vegetation and micro plant species) and fauna (wildlife and terrestrial

micro organisms).

The biotic or physical factors include topography, soils, climate etc that are influenced by

natural perils and/or pollution. On the other hand, biotic factors include living things such as

flora, fauna, wildlife and human beings. A change in the physical factors can bring about a

change in the biotic factors thereby changing the ecology of the area.

Living beings generally adapted to a particular setting (habitat or ecosystem) and are

organized into natural groupings (communities) with mutual dependencies among their

members. An ecosystem comprises of both plant and animal populations that involve total

nutrient and energy economics associated with the entire system. A series of recognizable

ecosystem alterations, called ecological successions, may occur due to certain imposed

changes in the natural community.

Living beings show various responses and sensitivities to outside influences resulting in an

ecological imbalance or change in habitat or ecosystem. Moreover, changes in pollution

levels due to project activities may also alter the ecology of the environment. Project

activities may produce adverse ecological impact of direct or indirect nature, which can be

either short term or long term, depending on the nature of the action. Although every

impacted environment has some recovery potential, the extent of recovery would depend on

the type, degree and location of the impact as well as on mitigative measures initiated to

achieve recovery.

Generally, short-term impacts are immediate and direct result of environmental changes

that may occur at the inception of the proposed project. These changes may be self-

corrective through natural recovery processes, after the completion of the construction




phase. On the other hand, long-term impacts result from major indirect environmental

changes, which are caused during the operational phase of a project.

10.1.6.2Plantation Techniques

Green belt will be developed within the Plant premises covering a total area of about

26725.0 sq.m of total Plant area. The plantation work for green belt development will be

carried out as per CPCB guidelines, local species would be preferred.

10.1.6.3Aftercare and Monitoring

Investment on reclamation would be futile without adequate and timely aftercare. Aftercare

includes weeding, soil working, mulching and fertilizing, and if possible, irrigation to promote

better growth of the planted seedlings. The vegetated area would be protected from grazing

of animals until the plants are above the level of damage. Wherever necessary, fencing

would be erected on the boundaries of reclaimed areas.

Monitoring of the programme is the only way to improve both the long-term and short-term

planning. It involves two important aspects, namely site investigation and record keeping.

10.1.6.4Baseline data and Potential Impacts of the Study Area

The flora and fauna of an area shows a certain affinity to the existing environmental setting.

Due to the proposed facility, there could probably be a change in the environmental

surroundings for a short duration due to the construction phase and for a long term due to

the operation of the project activities. Thus, in order to predict the ecological impacts from

the proposed project, it is necessary to detail the baseline data.

The potential impacts on the ecology of the study area are discussed below:

i. As no wastewater from the proposed project will be discharged outside the premises,

there will be no impact on the ecology of the study area due to wastewater arisen from

the proposed project.

ii. The flora and fauna of the area could be disturbed if the various air pollutants discharged

from the proposed facility would not be maintained within specified permissible limits.

But project authority has already mentioned the adequate stack height, etc. Thus, the

potential impact of air emission can be rated as no impact.

iii. Moreover, the proposed green belt would help in reducing the adverse impacts further if

any.

iv. On the periphery of the plant a series of trees will also be planted.




10.1.6.5 Recommendation on Green Belt Development

A green belt or tree plantation around the proposed plant shall help to arrest the effects of

particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in the area besides playing a major role in

environmental conservation efforts. Green belt development and plantation programme for

the proposed project shall also be a part of the proposed plan.

For effective control of air pollutants in and around the proposed industry, a suitable green

belt will be developed by taking into consideration the following criteria. The green belt

would;

a. Mitigate gaseous emissions

b. Have sufficient capability to arrest accidental release.

c. Effective in wastewater reuse.

d. Maintain the ecological balance.

Total Green belt Area: 2.67 ha

Existing Plants= 2864 nos.

Plantation Proposed: 1141 nos. within first year

a. Control noise pollution to a considerable extent.

b. Prevent soil erosion.

c. Improve the aesthetics.

PIL will maintain the 33% of the total plot area as Green Belt.

Local and fast growing species will be planted (Neem, Aam, Mango, Banyan tree etc.). Two

tier plantations will be done all along the plant boundary. Local and fast growing species will

be planted (Neem, Aam, Mango, Banyan and Ashoka trees etc.). Regularly check the

plantation growth and survival rate of the plants. Depending upon survival rate re-plantation

will be done to maintain the 85% survival rate of the greenbelt. Plant layout alongwith

revised Green belt is given in Figure 10.1.




Figure 10.1: Greenbelt/Green Cover Plan




10.1.7 Occupational Health and Safety

Production of Material involves storage handling and use of several chemicals. Some of these

chemicals are toxic and hazardous in nature. Information about these chemicals is therefore

important for the safety of the employees and the plant. Besides, the health status of the

employees is also important which may be affected due to exposure to these chemicals. The

exposures may be sudden and accidental or for a long period. In both of the cases there will

be different health effects. Therefore safety measures dealing with these chemicals are of

vital importance and will be followed judiciously.

1. In order to ensure good health of workers, regular health check-up of the plant workers

will be carried out.

2. Occupational health surveillance programme will be taken as a regular exercise for all the

employees and their records maintained.

3. Proper storage and handling precautions will be taken. The storage area will be cool, dry

and well ventilated away from any source of heat, flame or oxidizers.

4. Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs) will be encouraged. Proper training on use

of PPEs, characteristics of the material handled and safety precautions to be adopted will

be given to the workers.

5. Fire safety measures will be incorporated within the factory premises. All the fire

extinguishing media such as water, dry chemicals, CO2, sand, dolomite, etc. will be kept in

vital locations.

6. Mock drills will be arranged for the worker to test the effectiveness of the training

program from time to time and the way to react in case of emergency.

7. Safety precautions will be displayed in the premises on the banners, boards etc.

8. Both On-site and Off-site emergency preparedness plan will be drawn.

10.1.8 Personnel Protective Equipments

Goggles:

The workers will be asked to use goggles who work on washing of bottles, filling, sealing of

bottles cap for protection of their eyes in case bottles are broken.

Rubber Gumboots:

These will be provided to person who handles sulphuric acid. Full suit having hand-gloves,

goggles, helmet and aprons will be provided.




Face Shield Helmet:

The person deputed for welding work will be provided with face shield helmet.

Medical Facilities

The Factory will be provided with the following medical facilities to handle any emergency:

1. Well equipped First Aid Boxes will be provided in each Section of the factory.

2. The First Aid Boxes will be distinctively marked with a Red Cross on green background

and contain the following equipment/accessories:

a) Small sterilized dressings.

b) Medium size sterilized dressings

c) Large size sterilized dressings

d) Large size sterilized burn dressings

e) Packets sterilized cotton

f) Snake bite Lancet

g) Pair of scissors

h) Bottle of Potassium Permanganate

i) Bottle containing 2% of alcoholic solution of iodine.

j) Bottle of Sol. Volatile having the dose and mode of administration indicated on the label

k) One copy of first aid leaf-let

l) Bandages

n) Adhesive plaster

o) Triangular bandage

p) Packets of safety pins

q) Supply of suitable splints

r) One tournequet

In case of need factory will be having dispensary to give effective medical facility to workers.

In dispensary, sufficient stock of medicines will be available to provide to workers in case of

any major emergent situation. We will keep one Registered Medical Practitioner (Qualified

Medical Officer) as In-charge of the Dispensary with a Qualified Compounder. A vehicle will

be always available to shift the sick/injured person to District Hospital.




10.2 OVERALL RECOMMENDATION AND IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE

10.2.1 Introduction

The mitigation measures suggested in earlier Chapters 4 are to be implemented so as to

reduce the impact on the environment due to proposed project. The implementation of

these recommendations could be done in phases so that, the most important mitigation

measures would be implemented first and the mitigation measures, which are less

important, could be implemented later. Along with the implementation of these mitigation

measures, monitoring schedule and infrastructural requirements for environmental

protection detailed in previous chapter are important for environmental control measures.

10.2.2 Implementation Schedule and Environmental Management Cell.

Proposed expansion will be completed within 1.0 years from zero date. Environment

monitoring and implementation measures shall be supervised by environment management

cell. Environmental Management cell structure is given in Figure 10.2.

Figure10.2: Environmental Management Cell

10.2.3 Budget for Implementation Environment Management Plan (Existing)

Details of environment management plan are given in Table 10.2

Table 10.2: EMP Budget

S. No. Item Recurring Cost

/Annum(Lac)

Capital Cost

(Lac)

1 Air Pollution Control 130 400

2 Water Pollution Control 45 1455

3 Noise Pollution Control 0.15 3

4 Environment Monitoring and 2 3

Plant Head

Manager Production

Environmental

Engineer

Environmental

Officer




Management

5 Occupational Health 5 10

6 Green Belt 2.75 10

7 Safety Management 0.5 10

8 Laboratory and chemicals 30 3

Total 215.4 1894

10.2.4 Justification of Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER)

PIL earmarked more than 1.5% of the project cost (expansion cost i.e INR 25 Crores) which is

INR 37.5 lakhs towards Enterprise Social Commitment. The following needs have been

requested by surrounding villagers during the public hearing and the same will be fulfilled by

the project Proponent. These activities will be completed within 7 months from the zero

date.

Activity Identified(under Proposed Expansion) ESC Budget (Lakhs)

Drinking Water facility in nearby Villages 10.0

Health Checkups to nearby Villages 5.0

Education 5.0

Vocational Skill Development programmes 10.0

Plantation in surrounding villages 7.5

Total 37.5

--------------




CHAPTER 11

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

11.0 INTRODUCTION

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process, used to identify the environmental, social

and economic impacts of a project prior to decision-making. It is a decision making tool, which

guides the decision makers in taking appropriate decisions for proposed projects. EIA

systematically examines both beneficial and adverse consequences of the proposed project

and ensure that these impacts are taken into account during the project designing.

11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE

As per the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA); Notification S.O. 1533, 14-09-2006 issued

by MoEFCC, Government of India, the proposed distillery expansion project is categorized as

Category – A project, which mandates obtaining prior Environmental Clearance from MoEFCC,

GOI, NEW DELHI.

11.2 TERMS OF REFERENCE

PIL submitted the application for Environmental Clearance as per the new notification along

with prescribed Form1, proposed Terms of Reference for EIA study and pre-Feasibility report.

The Expert Appraisal Committee considered the project and issued the Standard Terms of

References vide letter no. IA-J-11011/381/2007-IA-II (I) on dated 5th

August 2018.

11.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

The proposed project is enhancement in production of Distillery 100 KLPD to 130 KLPD.

Project Proponents






11.4 MITIGATION MEASURES

11.4.1AIR Pollution Control Measures

Following measures will be taken to control air/fugitive pollution during operation:

i. Stack height would be approx.50 m for gaseous emission confirming to the CPCB norms.





ii. Stack emission levels will be kept within permissible limit by installation of ESP and online


iii. Ambient air quality and stack emission would be regularly monitored and effective

control exercised, so as to keep limits on stack emission loads would be met honestly at

all the time.

iv. In order to avoid fugitive emissions from different sources, water will be sprayed. Also

the roads within the premises will be concreted to prevent dust emission.

v. The ambient air monitoring will be carried out regularly in the work zone and

surrounding areas, to check that ambient air levels of the contaminants, are well below

the stipulated norms.

vi. Green belt around the periphery and within premises will be developed which will help in


11.4.2 Water Quality Management

The proposed project would be based on “Zero Liquid Discharge” (ZLD)

11.4.3 Noise Pollution Control








11.4.4 Greenbelt Development and Plantation

Details of the Greenbelt development plan have been incorporated in Chapter 10 (EMP) of

section 10.1.6.

11.5CONCLUSION

As discussed, it is safe to say that the project is not likely to cause any significant impact on the

ecology of the area, as adequate preventive measures will be adopted to contain the various

pollutants within permissible limits. Green belt development around the area will also be

taken up as an effective pollution mitigative technique, as well as to control the pollutants

released from the premises of the project.

--------------




CHAPTER 12

DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT

12.0 INTRODUCTION

The consultant engaged for the preparation of the EIA/EMP of the project is M/s Sri Sai

Manasa Nature Tech Pvt. Ltd. Realizing the need for multi-disciplinary and pragmatic

approach To environment management, a few dedicated experience started M/s Sri Sai

Manasa Nature Tech Pvt. Ltd. company as a consultancy organization in 2006 registered as

company and ISO 9001:2008 Certified Company and accreditation by NABET. Our team

consists of specialists in environmental consulting, regulatory compliance and review,

site investigation, emergency response, environmental laboratory, site assessment, and data

usability-related experience. These individuals have worked together on similar projects, and

the leaders have been commended by their clients for accomplishment on other successful

projects.

M/s Sri Sai Manasa Nature Tech Pvt. Ltd. has its own Environmental laboratory with a name

of KIWIS Eco Laboratory at Pragathi Nagar Hyderabad under EPA (Environmental Protection

Act) from the MoEFCC, Govt. of India, New Delhi and by National Accreditation Board for

testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL).

The list of the project team has been summarized below:

S.No. Name & Designation Qualification Experience

1 Dr. Ch. Rajani Kumari

(Managing Director)

EIA Coordinator and FAE (EB,

AQ, WP & ISW)

M. Sc. Ph.D. (Environment

Science)

17 years of experience in the field of

EIA Studies and Environmental

Management

2 Mr. Subramanyam Adapa

(Executive Director)

EIA Coordinator & FAE (AP,

AQ, LU and N)

M.Tech. (Env. Engg.), 16 years of experience in the field of


Management.

3 Mr. Vipin Kumar

(General Manager)

EIA Coordinator & FAE (AP,

AQ & SHW)

M.Tech. (Env. Engg.) 11 years of experience in the field of


Management.

4 Mr. Vishnu Sharma

EIA Coordinator & FAE (WP &

RH)

B. Tech. (Chemical) 10 Years of Experience in the field of

EIA studies and Environmental

Management.

5 Ms. Reshma Thakur

EIA Coordinator & FAE (MSW)

M.Tech. (Env. Engg.) 14 years of experience in the field of


Management.




S.No. Name & Designation Qualification Experience

6 Mr. I Durga Prasad M. Sc. Approved FAE in Socio Economy

More than 40 Years of Experience

7 Mr. A. Mohan Reddy MSW Approved FAE in Socio Economy

More than 4 Years of Experience

8 Mr. Sundara Rao M. Sc. Approved FAE in Soil Conservation

9 Mr. N. H. Reddy M.Tech. Approved FAE in Hydrogeology and

Geology

More than 20Years of Experience

10 Mr. K. Rajesham M.Sc. (Env. Sc. & Tech.) FAA for WP in SW

More than 2 years of experience

11 Dr. Desi Sreekanth M.Sc., Ph. D Approved FAE for WP

Team Member& having 6 years of

Experience

12 Dr. Siva Ramakrishana D M.Sc., Ph.D Team Member

(Proposed for WP, AP)


13 Dr. Nalini Vijayalaxmi M.Sc., Ph.D Team Member



14 Mr. Ahamad Alisha Md. M.Sc. (Env. Sc.) Team Member



15 Mr.M. Chaitanya Babu M.Sc. (Env Sc.) Team Member

(Proposed for MSW &AP)


16 Mr. Rajesh Mankar B. E., PGDEM Team Member

(Proposed for NV, AP& AQ)


17 Mr. T. Manideep M. Tech. Env. Management Team Member

(FAE for AP, AQ, SW)


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