Upload File

endter-wada for ewfb 10 30 17 · urban water conservation: why it matters rapidly growing...

  • Home
  • Documents
  • Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of
40
RESEARCH AND EXTENSION TO AID IN MEETING UTAH’S FUTURE W ATER NEEDS JOANNA ENDTER‐W ADA CENTER FOR W ATER EFFICIENT LANDSCAPING USU EXTENSION QUINNEY COLLEGE OF NATURAL RESOURCES UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY

Upload: others

Post on 11-Jul-2020

1 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

Report

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

RESEARCH AND EXTENSION TO AID INMEETING UTAH’S FUTURE WATER NEEDS

JOANNA ENDTER‐WADACENTER FOR WATER EFFICIENT LANDSCAPING

USUEXTENSIONQUINNEY COLLEGE OF NATURAL RESOURCES

UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY

Page 2: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

Rapidpopulationgrowth

CONTEXT

Utahis2nd drieststateintheUSA

http://pics4.city‐data.com/cpicc/cfiles7647.jpg

MajorlandusetransitionsConcentratedurbanization

Watermanagementchallenges

Page 3: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

Waterutilities/providersareatthecrossroadsofachangingwater

resourceandfinancial

environment

ChristineBoyleSources:1) C.E.Boyle,January2014,JAWWA2) MeasuringandMitigatingWaterRevenue

Variability:UnderstandingHowPricingCanAdvanceConservationwithoutUnderminingUtilities’RevenueGoals,July2014(UNC,Ceres)

Increasing water shortages Declining per capita demand Aging infrastructure Tightened access to capital Climate change

“…thestrongestfinancialsolutionswillbethosethatincreaseutilities’capacitytoadapttochange”

“…creditratingagencieshaverecognizedconservationasabestpracticeinwaterutilitypolicy…[and]necessarytodealwithlong‐termrisksassociatedwithsupplyshortagesandhighcostsofcapital”

“Conservationiscriticaltominimizeriskandbuildfinancialresilience…”

Page 4: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

WATERMANAGEMENTSTRATEGIESConservationConservation Optimization

RepairReplaceRedesign

R3 ExistingInfrastructure NewSupplies

Sequencing

Prioritization

Synergies

WaterandFinancialEfficiencies

Page 5: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

Conservation successesConservation successes “Untapped ” potential“Untapped ” potential Water use reductions

Awareness raised & people responsive to drought

Voluntary conservation programs implemented

Uniform building code has had big effect indoors

“Low-hanging fruit”

Outdoor water use efficiency More widespread and durable

reductions through changes in habits and norms

Greater use of markets and mandates (e.g. rates, codes)

Finding outdoor equivalent of the building code

Needs greater investment

Conservation Assessment

Page 6: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

Supply-side infrastructure

Demand-side infrastructure

Page 7: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of
Page 8: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of
Page 9: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters

Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use

Location – requires large physical transfers of water from outlying rural and natural areas

It is less flexible than agricultural water use in times of shortage (can’t “fallow a subdivision”)

Water use expectations and behaviors are being established in the urbanization process

Physical conversion of moving water from agriculture to urban use has long-term implications for future water demand: water delivery and metering infrastructure urban design and initial investments in landscaping situational constraints on efficiency

Page 10: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

• Createdtoconductresearchoneffectiveirrigationtechniques,landscapewaterdemandanalysis(humanbehavior),low‐wateruselandscaping,andplantwaterneeds.

• Disseminatesinformationtowaterpurveyors,theUtahgreenindustry,localUSUExtensionoffices,andthepublictosupportpubliceducationinwater‐efficientlandscaping.

Page 11: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

cwel.usu.edu

Page 12: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

Water Check Program• Partnership program, began 1999• Center for Water Efficient Landscaping (CWEL) administration since 2005

• Participation is voluntary, cost to participants is $0

• Pairs of interns visit homes, CII sites to evaluate outdoor irrigation systems

• More than 13,000 residential and 500 CII checks to date

• Extensive data gathering• Data analyses showing effectiveness and revealing how to focus efforts

Page 13: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of
Page 14: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of
Page 15: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of
Page 16: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

That’s Great But…

• Familiarity with irrigation system and controller

• Uncertainty about plant requirements

• Weak and muddled pricing signal

• Ongoing support• Are we reaching the “right” customers

Page 17: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

WATERMAPSTMSoftwareapplicationtoanalyzeandmanageurbanlandscapewateruse

ASSESS: identifylocationswithcapacitytoconserveDELIVER: waterusereportstohelppeopleconserveTRACK:waterusechangeovertime;monitorconservationsuccess

watermaps.usu.edu

Page 18: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

Landscape Water Use estimated(derived from analysis of municipal or water provider meter data)_______________________Landscape Water Need estimated

(derived from the classification of remotely-sensed airborne multispectral imagery and localized reference ETo rates)

IDENTIFYING CAPACITY TO CONSERVEUTILIZING LANDSCAPE IRRIGATION RATIO (LIR)

LIR=

(perunitoflandscapedarea)

LIR less than 1 = EfficientBetween 1 and 2 = AcceptableBetween 2 and 3 = InefficientGreater than 3 = Excessive

Page 19: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

Seasonal LIRCalculations

Time Period:4/1 -10/31, 2013

Locations analyzed:1369

Mean LIR:2.01

QuantifiesConservation

Potential

Page 20: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

PROJECT

3

12

“Wateruserdimensionsof

meterimplementationonsecondarypressurizedsystems”

METER TRANSITION ISSUESMeter&AMRcompatibilityDatareadingandcalibration

Publicrelations

Page 21: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

Agriculturalsupplies 5counties

Pressurizedsecondarysystems wholesale retail

Municipal 50cities&districts

Industrialsupplies minerals refineries manufacturers

WATER SUPPLY FROMWEBER BASIN

Page 22: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

Pressurizedsecondarywatersystemso agricultural‐to‐urbanlandusetransitions

o≈100,000connections

Waterallocationsorallotmentso attachedtourbanparcelsthatwereagriculturallands

o basedonanagriculturaldutyofwater– generally3af/acreinWBWCD

CLINTONUTAH

1958

LAYTONUTAH

SYRACUSEUTAH

2012LAND USETRANSITIONS

Page 23: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

• Worktomeetstateanddistrictwaterconservationgoals• Promoteindividualwateruseaccountability• Determineifsecondarywateruseiswithinwaterallocations

PROJECT GOALS

• Investigatehumanbehaviorsandperceptionsrelatedtometers• AnalyzeurbanlandscapeirrigationinrelationtoplantwaterneedusingUSUWaterMAPSTM (software)

• Designinnovativestrategiesforinterpretingandsharingmeterdatawithuserstomotivateconservationabsentapricesignal

• Encouragepeopletomonitortheirownwaterusebyreinforcingconservationthroughinformationfeedbackmechanisms

USURESEARCH GOALS:

WBWCDMANAGEMENT GOALS:

Page 24: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

PROJECT TIMELINE AND CONTINUATION•WBWCDimplementsdistrictpolicytometersecondaryconnections

•WBWCD‐USUcollaborationinitiated.•USBOR2011‐2012WaterSmartgrantsecured.•Meterimplementationbegins.•Usersinformedofgallonsused.

20102011

2012

WBWCDandUSU:•UtilizeWaterMAPS™analysisapproach•Design/sendsecondarywaterusereports• Conductsocialsciencesurvey

20132014201520162017

WBWCD:• Expandsmeteringtomorephasesandlocations.• Continuessendingslightlysimplifiedsecondarywaterusereportstoalllocationswithmeters.

•WBWCDandUSUanalyzewateruseresultsfor2012‐2016using842locationsfromPhase1thathadcompletedata.

SurveyData2012

WaterUseData2012‐2016

Page 25: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

CONSERVATIONSTRATEGY

WatermeterdatainterpretationandsharingthroughSecondaryWaterUseReports

Notabill.Peoplepayfor

secondarywaterinconnectionwithpropertytaxes.

Sample2012SecondaryWaterUseReport

Sample2013‐2016SecondaryWaterUseReport

Reportsarebasedondefiningappropriatenessoflandscapewateruserelativetoplantwaterneed(landscapewaterbudgeting)

Page 26: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

ElementsofSecondaryWaterUseReports

Landscapewateruse:secondarymeterreadingsandlandscapewateruseingallons

Landscapewaterneed:estimatedlandscapewaterneedingallonsbasedonlandscaped

areaandweatherdata

Customername,address,account(notshown)

Wateringappropriateness:reportedasalandscape

irrigationratio(LIR)and/ora%

Landscapewatermonitor:graphofmonthlylandscapewaterusecomparedtoneed

Information&messaging:weatherdata,conservation

programs,contactinformation

Page 27: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

30YearAverageMonthlyReferenceET(in.)

KEY CONSERVATION MESSAGES:•Watertomeetlandscapeneed(ordemand)overtheirrigationseason

• Importanceofirrigationscheduling•Howtoaccessadditionalinformation

LandscapeWaterMonitoronReports:• predictiveinadvancetoconditionpeopletochanginglandscapewaterneeds

• actualcomparisonwitheachmonthlyreport

2012EXAMPLES:JULY REPORT

OCTOBER REPORT

2013‐2017EXAMPLES:JULY REPORT

OCTOBER REPORT

Page 28: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

RESULTS:CustomerResponse

2012Survey

Participantsindicatedhighwillingnesstoconserveforavarietyofreasons

n=210 survey respondents

Page 29: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

RESULTS:CustomerResponse

2012Survey

73%weresurprisedtolearntheamountofwaterusedontheirlandscape

Reportssenttheintendedmessagetomostusers

Reportsprovidedactionableinformationtousers

n=210 survey respondents

ActionableInformationtheReportsProvided

Page 30: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

RESULTS:WaterUseTrends

2012‐2016

Morehouseholdsarestayingwithintheirproperty’swaterallocation

n=842 metered locations

Page 31: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

RESULTS:WaterUseTrends

2012‐2016

Householdsaregenerallybecomingmoreefficientintheirsecondarylandscapewateruse

n=842 metered locations

Page 32: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

RESULTS:WaterUseTrends

2012‐2016

Resultingindocumentedanddurablelandscapewatersavingsingallons

n=842 metered locations

Page 33: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

RESULTS:WaterUseTrends

2012‐2016

Householdsuse,onaverage,150%(LIR=1.5)ofthewaterthattheirlandscapesneed

Seasonsunfolddifferently,requiringadaptabilityformaximumefficiency

Moreoverusetendstooccurlaterintheirrigationseason

Average LIRsformonthsandseasons byyear

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 5‐yearaverage

April15‐May15 1.2 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.7

May16‐June15 1.9 1.5 1.8 0.7 1.2 1.4

June16‐July15 2.2 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.8

July16‐Aug.15 2.1 1.7 1.6 1.3 2.0 1.7

Aug.16‐Sept.15 2.1 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.9 1.7

Sept.16‐Oct.15 2.4 1.31.9

Sept.16‐Oct.1 2.0 2.0 2.0

Seasonal 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.4 ≈1.5

Page 34: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

Analysis using hourly data

People generally do not water during the middle of the day People who overwater do so at night Caution about only using “visual cues” to enforce waste restrictions

Page 35: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

LESSONS

Analyzingappropriatenessinlandscapewateruse

Appliedinterdisciplinarysciencescanhelpaddressmanagementchallenges(plant,climate,andsocial/policysciences).

Waterbudgetingapproachesbasedonscienceandresponsivetopolicycontextsareimportantconservationtools.

Site‐specificinformationinadditiontomoregeneralconservationinformationmotivatesandhelpspeopletoconserve.

Conservationeducationcanbeeffectiveevenabsenteconomicincentives(prices).

Reportsreachalluserswithmeteredsecondarywater.Theapproachavoidsconservationprogramrecruitmentissues.

Page 36: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

Investment Strategies

Page 37: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

Traditional focus was on supply provision

Page 38: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

New focus must put demand in the picture

Page 39: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

Summary Thoughts

Current opportunities in infrastructure investment decisions to shape and sustain our future

Be serious about water demand management

Backed by a portfolio of strategic investments in “water conservation infrastructure”

Propelled by commitment to using water wisely

Dedicated to making Utah a leader (again) in irrigation and water management in the West

Page 40: Endter-Wada for EWFB 10 30 17 · Urban Water Conservation: Why it Matters Rapidly growing percentage of Utah’s total water use Location – requires large physical transfers of

PRESENTERCONTACTINFORMATION

Dr.JoannaEndter‐WadaProfessorofNREPolicyandSocialScienceDept.ofEnvironment&SocietyQuinneyCollegeofNaturalResourcesUtahStateUniversity,Logan,UT84322joanna.endter‐[email protected](435)797‐2487


Utah’s Youth Vision Utah’s At-Risk Youth will Live Successfully as Adults

Municipal and Industrial Water Use in Utah - Utah Water ... AND INDUSTRIAL WAT… · factors affecting utah’s high water use - 11 - climate - 11 - traditions of early settlers and

Utah’s Native American Tribes

Utah’s Children And The Environment: A Health Status Updatehealth.utah.gov/enviroepi/healthyhomes/epht/Children_Environment... · Utah’s Tracking Network portal is called Utah’s

Utah’s Native Tribes

Improving Utah’s Water Quality - Utah State University€¦ · dollars of damage to structures along river banks. Improving Utah’s Water Quality. Virgin/Santa Clara River Watershed

Utah’s Fantastic Forests

Endter Ruckteschellvilla - Endter Architektur · 2012. 11. 30. · Sanierung der historischen Ruckteschell-Villa Münchner Straße 84 85221 Dachau Bauherr: Große Kreisstadt Dachau

Utah’s Geospatial Partners Report

Utah’s Mental Health System

Water Energy Nexus in Utah - Water Utah – Water Utah...The Water - Energy Nexus in Utah Page vii that Utah’s energy requirement for the water sector is lower than other states

Utah’s Fleet Map

Three branches of Utah’s Government

UTAH’S CINEMA PROMISE...Section 1 – Introduction What is Utah’s Cinema Promise? Utah’s theatre exhibitors, in collaboration with statewide elected officials and health experts,

Utah’s Biomes

Water Utah – Water Utah - Utah’s Regional M&I · 2019-08-27 · PROGRESS TOWARD STATEWIDE GOAL Utah’s statewide water conservation goal has been “25% by 2025,” that is,

Utah’s Voice on Mental Illness

Utah’s Environment 2013

Prepare60’s Guide to Securing Utah’s Water Futureprepare60.com/Content/P60_Guide.pdf · Prepare60’s Guide to Securing Utah’s Water Future Prepare60 Approach Utah’s population

Utah’s Geology & the History of the Earth Utah’s Geologic Past: Proterozoic to Mesozoic

Utah’s Land Regions, Climates and Water. Utah’s Three Major Landforms: 1.Basins: Wide bowl-shaped areas 2.Plateaus: High, wide, flat areas 3.Mountains

A Performance Audit Of Utah’s Child Welfare Systemle.utah.gov/audit/13_01rpt.pdf · Digest of A Performance Audit of Utah’s Child Welfare System Utah’s child welfare system

SUMMER 2015 Utah’s First Conservation Garden Red Hills ...€¦ · Easy Tips to Conserve Water Tonaquint Cemetery Cremation Garden & Electric Theater Renovation Utah’s First Desert

Utah’s Constitution and Government

Utah’s Weather

Utah’s Plants and Animals

Utah’s Geography

Utah’s Geography Unit I – Utah’s Geography: Utah’s Plants and Animals Unit I – Utah’s Geography: Utah’s Plants and Animals

UTAH’S FINAL 2016 INTEGRATED REPORT...Utah’s Final 2016 Integrated Report Final 2016 IR: version 2.1 PREPARERS This document was prepared by the following Division of Water Quality

Utah’s Premier Revised

Prioritizing Utah’s 303(d) List › legacy › programs › water-quality...Survey results were representative of well-educated, citizen stakeholders who are concerned about water

A Performance Audit of Projections of Utah’s Water Needs

Outdoor Water Use Efficiency of...Outdoor Water Use Efficiency of Utah’s Universities and Colleges Prepared by Utah Division of Water Resources 1594 West North Temple, Suite 310

TUNING USA: Utah’s Experience

Utah’s Geology & the History of the Earth Utah’s Geologic Past: Hadeon to Proterozoic