egatec kopenhagen - marcogazmarcogaz.org/egatec2011/ps5/ps5d_seifert_egatec2011.pdf · egatec...
TRANSCRIPT
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EGATEC Kopenhagen PS5: New Green Gas Technologies for Domestic & Commercial Use PS5D: Global Trends in Gas Utilisation in IGU Member States
12 – 13 May 2011 Martin Seifert
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2 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
IGU – The Global Gas Light House in Gas Utilization
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The IGU Work in WOC 5
3 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW 3
2009-2012 Triennial Work Programme Working Committee5-Utilization Introduction
WOC5 organization 2009-2012
SG5.2 Domestic & Commercial Chairman Martin Seifert (Switzerland ) Vice Chairman Frédéric Pastier (France )
SG5.3 NGV Chairman Eugene Pronin (Russia ) Vice Chairman Matic Davor (Croatia )
SG5.1 Industry Chairman Nuno Alfonzo (Portugal ) Vice Chairman Egidio Adamo (Italy )
Chairman Tatsuo Kume (Japan )
Secretary Ichiro Baba (Japan)
Vice-chairman Eugene Pronin (Russia)
Established Special Task force consisted of 1 or 2 persons from each SG
Special Adviser
Jean Schweitzer (Denmark)
Aksel Hauge Pedersen (Denmark)
Task force 2 Efficiency etc Task force 1 Renewables CO2 emission, Hydrogen
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Triennial Work Program
4 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW 4
2009-2012 Triennial Work Programme Working Committee5-Utilization Introduction
Working committee 5 is a committee of gas utilization playing the most important role in the stream of gas industry chain. ・Holding the key to the future of gas sales. ・Setting up 3 study groups SG5.1 Industrial Utilization SG5.2 Residential, Commercial Utilization SG5.3 NGV Each SG has individual technical issues, but some key issues such as renewable and efficiency etc. are common in every sector, so we will establish 2 task force in WOC5
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International Gas Union (IGU)
5 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
WOC 5 S.G. 5.2 The Main study subjects
New Appliances Smart Metering Appliances Labeling
Ecodesign Efficiency Indicators
Fully electronic meters
Cogeneration Micro-CGP
Heat Pumps
Fuel Cells
Climatization
Renewables (e.g. solar, biogas...)
Energy Services
Contracting, Financing, Service and Maintenance Packages
Gas Quality
European Results
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International Gas Union (IGU)
Key Issues Renewables General theme for all technologies and
issues, mainly grid based biogas and combinations of technologies with solar sanitary hot water production
New Appliances Micro-CHP, gas driven heat pumps, fuel cells, climatization. Technology, packaging, installation, product life cycle, grid connection
Smart Metering Appliance based issues, e.g. for micro-chp
Appliance Labeling Eco-design model, efficiency indicators, CO2-emission factors
Energy Services Enabling new technologies, assistance for market introduction
Gas Quality Results of European experiences. Appliances facing changing gas quality
WOC 5 S.G. 5.2
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The Motto....
7 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Adding Value to the Molecule
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8 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
The Emotional Side of Gas Utilization
• Feel comfortable, relax • With sustainable
appliances • With renewable energies
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9 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Gas Appliance Technologies under pressure
Politics
Local constraints and standards
Public opinion/Media
CO2-Discussion on fossile
fuels
Heating and cooling Technology
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10 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Strategy
• Prevent direct use of natural gas in the domestic sector:
• Promote natural gas use in combined cycle power stations
• Promote natural gas in decentralized cogeneration appliances
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11 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
No direct use of natural gas in the domestic sector
• Thermal insulation of buildings • Conseive heat exchangers for small
temperature differences • Use of thermo-electric amplifiers => Heat Pumps • Use of solar energy to produce domestic hot water and heating support
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12 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Promote Natural Gas use in combined cycle stations
• Replace coal power stations in the midload an baseload range • Promote electric heat pumps in the
decentralized heat production
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13 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Natural Gas use in decentralized cogeneration
• Only cogeneration with flue gas condensation
• Heat driven operation • High overall efficiency (heat power plus)
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14 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
The Energy Vector to Electric Power
• In the decentralized heating sector: Power, power, power
• Modern electric heat pumps are the most efficient heating systems; top in the use of environmental heat use
• The Pricing of electric heat pumps will in the same range as a condesing gas boiler
Electric Power drives in all
without Natural Gas The Lonely Planet !!!
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15 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Jack in the Box...The Future Household
CO2 Intensity (kg-CO2/J)
Decarbonisation of households:
Electricity
CO2 (kg)
Energy-Intensity
High efficiency Technologies electro-
thermal amplifiers Electric Cars
BIP
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16 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Gas heating appliance Electric Power Power and Heat
Decentralisation of Power Production
Centralisation of heating
supply
Power production combined cycle
Cogeneration Single family home
The more decentalized the power production the higher the chance for heat utilization
District heating
Electric heat pumps Micro-Cogeneration
The future Energy System in Households
Electric
Power
Power production combined cycle
Districtheating
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17 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
In densely populated areas The Vector points to district Heating
• District heating (small, large) is a trend
• Use of wasle heat sources (industrial, from wasle treatment)
• City energy strategies: Defined energy mix in city districts
• Pipe to pipe cometiition
• District Reating – Gas grid
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18 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Big Cities District Heating replaces Natural Gas
• Optimization of waste heat gas supplied regions • Mapping of district heat demand in geographical
information systems planning of district heating system
• Planing of district heating system�� • District heating competitiv with increasing gas prices
due to CO2-taxes and public subsidies
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19 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Natural Gas – The Clever (Electric?) Solution...
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20 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Natural Gas to Power – Where to act? Europe as an example but the same as on many other continents
5% Fuel Oil 30% Nuclearpower 21% Natural Gas 15% Renewables 29% Coal
29% Coal
15% Renewables 30% Nuclear Power
21% Natural Gas
5% Öl
Market growth Natural Gas!
Decentalization
Substitution
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General Trends in the Heating Market • The second round: The second chance for gas driven heat pumps
and micro cogen • Will it work this time?
21 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Efficiency Road Map
Product Road Map
Not always aligned
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The Efficiency Battle • Too much emphasis on electric efficiency • To less emphasis on overall efficiency • To less emphasis on integration into urban energy systems
22 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Micro-CHP Micro-Turbines
Commercial
Domestic
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23 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Small Scale CHP
• The colourful world of Micro-Cogen or micro-CHP
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24 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Micro - Cogeneration
The same Basic Concepts Fuel Cell Micro CHP Conventional Micro-CHP
Fuel Cell Micro CHP
Wall mounted appliances: Holland, England, France Küchen-appliances: England Floor standing: Germany, Switzerland, Austria
Fuel Filter
Integrated system controls and power electronics
Condensing gas boiler Main burner/heat exchange
Fuele Cell
Stirling- Generator
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25 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Switzerland
The Swiss Gas Industry
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0 5 10 15 20 30 40 50 100 200 300
Condensing gas boilers
District heating
Distr. heating
CHP mCHP
GHP – Apartment block,Industry,hospital…
Condensing gas boilers – Peak load
Heating power [KW[
Tech
nolo
gy
GHP – SingleFamily home
Fuel cells
Gas-based heating and climatization technologies
Positioning
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Innovation-projects of the swiss gas industry Technology / Rollout
Market driven, technology based, efficiency driven ..../ in combination with solar and biogas
GHP-RoadMap
Swissgas-Project Market prep.
Programme with emphasis on fuel cell heatings
GHP-Monitoring
Project „Kirsch microBHKW“
GHP Training
GHPs
micro-CHP
Fuel cells
FOGA-Project Road Map mCHP
Swissgas-Project „Take it“
The Road Maps of the Swiss Gas Industry
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Monitoring of the rollout of new gas heating technologies through organizations of the swiss gas industry during 3 years • Market- and technology-driven (Conjoint-proceeding) • Concentrating of the competences • Launch-help for the rollout • Training of all involved partners • Similar basic groundwork as for electrical heat-pumps in switzerland • Nation-wide approach / Campaigns • Limitation until end of 2012 • Reporting oriented on milestones • Continuous market monitoring Bringing the new heating-technologies to standards in Switzerland
Basic concepts of the programms of the swiss gas industry
Financing through the fund of research, development and promotion (FOGA) of the swiss gas industry
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Die GHP-Road Map
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GHP Road Map
Absorption-HP (GHP)
Adsorption-HP (ZHP)
LPG- / Natural-Gas sorption-HP
EHP
Indirect heated sorption systems
Thermal driven HPs
Gas Engine-HP (GEHP)
Compression HP’s
Heatpump (HP) Technologies
GHP Technologies reliable– efficient– approved– introduced in the EU
The 3 GHP Technologies
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Helio Plus
Robur
Sanyo
Aisin
Robur Aisin
Absorption GHPs GHPs with gas engines
The GHP-products in the 18 – 70 kW Range (Heating, Cooling)
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The GHP – Products in the 10 kW Range
GHPs for family homes
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The GHP – Products in the 10 kW Range
GHPs for family homes
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All availabe appliances are ready for the market
Planning, installation and integration in the system are the key success factors
Marketing must be done on available appliances and their opportunities and limits
Planning needs for professionals like planner and installers Involved gas sales managers must be Informed on the
opportunities of GHPs
Experience
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Road Map GHPs
Center of excellence / Trainingcenter at the premises of the Swiss Gas-Industry (SVGW)
Demonstration of absorption GHPs Demonstration of gas-engine GHPs
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Map of Swiss GHP-Installations
Stand: Februar 2011
140 Installations with 166 units
GHP-installations in Marketsegments
Industry
Households
Shops/Commercial Centers
Public Buildings
Betuelling stations Convenience stores
The GWP Road Map
Natural Gas Robur Helioplus Aisin Sanyo LPG
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37 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Robur 18 kW Air/Waterversion/Outside Placement Thermaloutput 7°C/50°C: 18 kW Modulation -> 1/3 T max = 65°C at full load Heating and sanitary hot water Pricing: 9000 € Dimensions: 1200*1000*500 mm Weigt: 195 kg Marketsegments: • Renovation howseholds • Small multifamily homes Efficiencies: 1.5 full load • Impnored part/oad efficiency • Reduced power consumption
Development Projects of the Gas Industry (GdF-Suez / EON-Ruhrgas / SVGW)
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38 Referent: Roman Huber, SVGW
Project mCHP
Fuel cells
mCHP
Usability test Field tests
conventional
Project structure and advance
Market analysis Market observation
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mCHP Advance of the project
Usability tests in the laboratory in
Schwerzenbach
Field tests at customers in cooperation with local
utility
Field tests in Smart-Metering / Smart-Grid Test areas in cooperation with
local electric utility
Efficiency Performance Range of use Technologies
Emissions
Applicability Availability
Planning/Installation Operation
Integration an control
Grid management Stability / influences to grid
El. optimized control Remote readout of the
meters (gas and electric)
Swiss Gas Industry (FOGA-Project Road Map) Steering committee
User Group of gas utilities
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mCHP
Demonstration and test bench in the Cpmpetence Center of the Swiss Gas Industriy
• Test bench for usability and efficiency tests
• Measurements on several Unity possible
• Heat exchanger for the simulation of different heater circuits
• Visualization and recording of over 25 values
Test bench (with steam engine mCHP „OTAG Lion“)
Training-installation (with stirling-mCHP „eVita“
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mCHP
Appliances for field testing Otag Lion
Elco/Ariston mCHP
Technology: Steam engine Power (electrical): 2 kW Power (thermal): 16 kW Aux. heater: NO Modulation: YES Total efficiency: 94%
Technology: Stirling Power (electrical): 1 kW Power (thermal): ca. 25 kW Aux. heater: 20 kW Modulation: YES Total efficiency: 98%
Vaillant Ecowill
Technology: Gas motor Power (electrical): 1 kW Power (thermal): 3 kW Aux. heater: 12-30 kW Modulation: NO Total efficiency: >80%
BAXI/deDietrichRemeha eVita
Whispertech Whispergen
Technology: Stirling Power (electrical): 1 kW Power (thermal): 6 kW Aux. heater: 18 kW Modulation: YES Total efficiency: 92%
Technology: Stirling Power (electrical): 1 kW Power (thermal): 7 kW Aux. heater: 14 kW Modulation: YES Total efficiency: 94%
Kirsch microBHKW
Technology: Gas motor Power (electrical): 4 kW Power (thermal): 12 kW Aux. heater: NO Modulation: YES Total efficiency: 95%
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mCHP
Today‘s situation • Technology is ready, several devices are on the verge of market launch • No nation-wide Rollout, manufacturers appear restrained • In the EU (primary DE, NL, UK) Rollout accompanied by local gas industry • Switzerland not of interest for several manufacturers (market too small, too
complex) • Basic conditions in Switzerland are still not satisfying (e.g. electrical operation
conditions, electricity feed-in) • Long term process, substitution-market has to be established Preconditions for market success: • Proof of Concept at customer • Long-term experience! • Field test project with selected customers • Success stories • Explicit basic conditions
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Fuel cell heating appliances
Field test fuel cell heating appliances in preparation
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Fuel cell heatings
Field test of fuel cell heatings: Purposes of the project:
Collecting experiences as early as possible with several types of fuel cell heatings
Clarification of the eligibility of several market segments Monitoring of the progress in technologies and profitability Determination of the potential of high-efficiency fuel
cell heatings Clarification of business concepts Marketing in the domain of fuel cell heatings Etablishment of leaders for the technologies
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Problems in Switzerland for the market launch
Swiss market is of lacking interest for the manufacturers Perspective for the number of sold units is insufficient Important: Minor commitment of the swiss gas industry No long-term commitment of the swiss gas industry Conservative rollout / Only with a few devices Not enough distributors Insufficient lobbying for the progression of efficiency Gas-technologies are hardly placed in legislation,
engineering standards and standard-solutions
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46 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Japanese Gas Industry
Japan
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47 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Japan and the Space Heating Market
• Consistend efficiency path of natural gas applications • Strong development of gas driven neat pumps • Micro-CHP development • Launch fuel cell heating appliances
The Japanese Gas Train
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Japan and the Energy Systems
• Grid supply of households
48 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
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49 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
The Japanese Way
• Convergence of gas utilization: Gas to Power
Design Your Energy
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Japan and Micro-Cogen
• Engine and fuel cell based
50 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
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51 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Japanese Road Map
The options for clients
Electric Power - Output
Hea
ting
- Out
put
Heat/Power = 2.8 Efficiency 22.5% Heat use 63%
Heat/Power = 1.3 Efficiency 35% Heat use 45%
Heat/Power = 0.9 Efficiency 45% Heat use 40%
High-Temperature Fuel Cell
Internal combustion engine
PEM – Fuel Cell
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52 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Japan and Micro Cogen
• One Technology: intenal combustion engine • High production
• Cost efficient • Mature technology
• System approach
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53 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Japan and Microgen
• Robust 4-stroke industrial engine • Mature engine controls • Design for long operating hours • Optimization of exhaust gas emissions
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The Japanese Fuel Cell Program
54 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
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55 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Fuel Cell Consortium Japan
• All fuel cell concepts under investigation or tests • Best practice approach • Critical project sizes/aligned component manfactures • All fuels taken into account: LPG, Diesel, Natural gas
PEM-Technology
End of 2009: 3300 PEM-Fuel Cells in Operation
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56 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Fuel Cell: The Japanese Consortium
• Extendet Field Tests • MTBF-Analysis for preserial fuel cell systems • Preseroaö appliance production as building model for serial
production
PEM-Fuel Cells
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57 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Typical installations in Multistory Buildings
• At entrance to flats • Appartement Heating • Siple small space intallation • Noise only a minor problem
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58 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
The Next Generation • SOFC-Fuel Cells • The field trials are in place (>100 units) • Package with fuel cell and buffer storage • Intelligent buffer storage management and hot water
production
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New Gas Engine Driven Heat Pumps
59 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
59
Key remodeling points for improving efficiency
◆Main remodel Parts
Indoor unit
Refrigerate piping
Heat exchanger
Gas engine
Compressor
Fan
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Gas Engine Heat Pump
60 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
60
A high load operation of the engine is achieved by making to a small engine displacement, and efficiency is improved.
Adopting small high efficient engine
Compact car 10㎞/L 15㎞/L Large car
As for car, compact car exceeding energy efficiency compared to large car
Improving efficiency of gas engine Tech1
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Gas Engine Heat Pump
61
Being lowered the rotational speed , and running on a high load point.
Improving efficiency of gas engine Tech2 To
rque
numbers of rotation
Change the driving condition to low RPS and high torque
decreasing
Efficiency line
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Gas Engine Heat Pump
62
The fin pitch of the heat exchanger is narrowed, high heat exchange performance is achieved without enlarging the externals size.
Improving efficiency of gas engine Tech3
Current model GHP XAIR
Increase of heat- transfer area
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63 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
US Gas Industry
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64 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Key Focus of Utilization
Low cost robust gas supply
Cogeneration > 100 kW
Industrial Gas Use
Efficiency Improvements Gas Turbines
Gas Engines
Microturbines
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Microturbines – Widespread use in Commercial Applications
65 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Cascading
30 kW 65 kW 200 kW
Dimensioning
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Microtrubines – Widespread use in Biogas Power Production
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Holland US
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68 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Smart...Smarter....Supergrid
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69 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
The early days: Energy as a simple necessary commodity
Energy Utility
• Energy (Quantity) • Power capacity • Reliability • Metering
Private Clients Commercial Clients Industrial Clients
Contact to the client demand driven
• Payment
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70 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Tomorrow: All Smart - Services
Energy Utility (Multiutility)
• Power (Capacity) • Communication Services • Energy (Quality) • Client Guidance • Reliable/Security of supply • Services (safety check, maintenance) • metering • Energy saving contracting • Reduction of Carbon footprint
• Payment
Private Clients Commercial Clients Industrial Clients
Contact to the client demand driven
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TOP ISSUE Smart Grid
Grid Managment
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Hierarchies, Controls, Inter-Grid-Managment
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73 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Mat
urity
of
Mar
kets
Time Line
Intelligent data bases
Connection
Instrumentation
Phase 4: Intuitive and transactive grids
Phase 3: Interactive Network
Phase 1: Base work
Phase 2: Information handling and Automatization
The Smart Grid Evolution
Getting Smart - The introduction of the Smart Grids
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74 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Intelligente transport- Systems
CO2-Management Systems
Integrated Home Water Managment
Smart Buildings (Tutti
Intelligenti) und IT-Technologies
Everything can be brought under the umbrella of Smart Grid
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75 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Us and the customer
From consuming gas to Power Producer
PROSUMERS
• He should be clever
• Let him produce
• and after all
Decarbonize Your Customer
The Heating Client according to Gas utilities perspective
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76 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
The Future
Renewables and innovative Utilization Clever and Smart
Erdgas
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Biogas – The new natural gas for domestic Applications
77 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Yesterday Today/Tomorrow
Fuel for Vehicles
GHP/CHP/Boiler Electricity
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Biogas/Biomethane in the Grid Europe as Forerunner
• Clear vision, clear targets • Technology of upgrading/injection ready • 2.generation biomethane under development
78 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
CH: 15 mio. m3 in 2010
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The Future..The Vision
79 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
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80 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Technology-Options
• Natural Gas Plus – Solutions (Set Box) • Out of the box Solutions • Combo- or Hybrid Appliances: Micro – Cogen, Gas Heat Pumps, Hybrid Boilers
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81 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
EHP plus condensing Gas Boiler
EHP
Condensing Gas Boiler
Natural Gas Connection Power Connection (Power demand: 600 W)
• Wall mounted Combiheater • Small thermal Power of EHP: 3 kW • Integgrated Air/Wather EHP with Gasboiler and Air-exhaust gas doct
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82 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Inside Secrets: Kombinair
Air/Water EHP Air for Burner
Air EHP Exhaust Gases
EHP-Part
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83 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Combi – Appliance EHP with integrated condensing gas burner
Hybrid heating appliances: Gasplus-Solutions
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84 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
Innovation Gas Driven Pump
• Combination of Gasengine Heat Pump with Cogeneration Unit
• Small Power out put: 4-6 kWel
• Alternating Cogen-or Heat Pump - Operation
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85 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
AISIN/SANYO: The first Approach
Power Production 4 kW
Sanitary Hot Water
TWW
WWS
Electric Grid
Haushaltstrom
Pow
erC
onve
rter
230
V AC
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86 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
And Finally...
• The gas and power grids • Grow together: Using the best of both
infrastructures • Renewable Hydrogen in the Natural Gas Grid • Power-Hydrogen-Power • Storage of Hydrogen in Natural Gas Grid • Hythane TM to Power in highly efficient
fuelcells
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87 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
The future hydogen and Injection/Storage System
High Efficiency Electrolyzers On Site Hydrogen Storage/Gas Grid Injection High Efficiency Fuel Cell
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The Domestic Gas Options
Biomethane Natural Gas
Condensing Gas Boiler Solar heating/hot water
Condensing Gas Pump Solar heating/hot water
Condensing Gas Boiler Solar heating/hot water Biogas
Micro-CHP Solar heating/ hot water
Fuel Cell Solar heating/ hot water
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The future in domestic appliances
• Higher complexity of appliances
• System integration more important: House and heating solution as interacting system
• Communication and smartness key futures
• Higher efficiencies and performance
• Web control and efficiency check through on board diagnostics
• Higher appliance investment
• Better operating economics
• Better use of the primary energy natural gas 89
Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
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90 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW
The Future will be Renewable
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