East Asia Biomass Town Concept Promotion Project

East Asia Biomass Town Concept Promotion Project

1st meeting of GBEP Working Group on Capacity

Building for Sustainable Bioenergy, 16 November 2011

Yoshiyasu KamijoYoshiyasu KamijoYoshiyasu KamijoYoshiyasu KamijoLowLowLowLow----carbon energy strategy groupcarbon energy strategy groupcarbon energy strategy groupcarbon energy strategy groupMitsubishi Research Institute,Mitsubishi Research Institute,Mitsubishi Research Institute,Mitsubishi Research Institute, INCINCINCINC

Characteristics of Japanese Biomass UtilizationCharacteristics of Japanese Biomass UtilizationCharacteristics of Japanese Biomass UtilizationCharacteristics of Japanese Biomass Utilization� Advanced Technical Research & Development� Private Company’s practices � Municipal bodies promote biomass utilization under some

reasons (cost reduction for garbage incineration, organic farming , job creation or enhancing reputation etc)

� Severe natural condition (Steep mountain areas, Severe climate etc)

� Cost problem for biomass collection, facility management

� Adjustment among stakeholders for sustainable management is a must (securing raw materials , demands and needs) 1

Biomass TownBiomass TownBiomass TownBiomass Town ConceptConceptConceptConcept（（（（Japanese Image of Local Resource Japanese Image of Local Resource Japanese Image of Local Resource Japanese Image of Local Resource CirculationCirculationCirculationCirculation））））

Biomass Town: a community where biomass is totally utilized systematically, steadily and properly under the cooperation of stakeholders

Local municipalities are expected to take initiatives in utilizing biomassthrough coordinating stakeholders under the “Biomass Town Concept”

Farm Food factoryBiomass TownsBiomass TownsBiomass TownsBiomass Towns

Farm

Livestock waste

Forest

Food waste

Crop residues

・Electric power and heat generation、

・Biofuels, plastics ・Animal feed

Manure, electricity

Electricity, Heat, Plastics

Lumber residues

Houses

Food factory

Sewage sludge

Utilize biomassUtilize biomassUtilize biomassUtilize biomass

within the same areawithin the same areawithin the same areawithin the same areaRestaurant

Conversion facility

2

Example of Biomass Town in Japan (HitaExample of Biomass Town in Japan (HitaExample of Biomass Town in Japan (HitaExample of Biomass Town in Japan (Hita----city, Ooita city, Ooita city, Ooita city, Ooita prefecture)prefecture)prefecture)prefecture)

Biomass Center

Paddy field/farm

Utilization of liquid fertilizer and compost

Pig waste

garbage２４ｔ／day

Liquid fertilizer２,５００ｔ／yearcompost３００ｔ／year

Pig farmer(7)

170kW ×2

Electricity2000MWh／yearCommunity

sewage(2) Water treatment Center

■ Self sufficientfor electricity andheat�Surpluselectricity is sold

Utilization of heat and electricity

Pig waste５ ０ ｔ ／day

sludge６ ｔ ／day

river

Wastewater

３

Benefits of Biomass Town InitiativesBenefits of Biomass Town InitiativesBenefits of Biomass Town InitiativesBenefits of Biomass Town Initiatives

Vitalization of

Agricultural

Community

Increasing Income and

reducing cost of chemical fertilizers.

Waste reduction

Reducing landfill waste

Local Energy

New Employment

New industries and jobs

Mitigation of Global

Warming

４

Local Energy

Generation

(modern bioenergy

access)

Purpose and background of the projectPurpose and background of the projectPurpose and background of the projectPurpose and background of the project

Purpose� To promote the sustainable biomass utilization system which

doesn’t compete with stable food production.� To provide information based on biomass town practices in in

Japan

Background�East Asian countries have abundant biomass which is not

fully and effectively utilized. �Biomass utilization should be compatible with local food

security and environment issues. ５

VietNam

HoChiMimh City CuChi District

（（（（FY2008～～～～FY2010））））

Thailand

Loei prefecture NaDuang village（（（（FY2008～～～～FY2010））））

East Asia Biomass Town Concept Promotion Project FY2008East Asia Biomass Town Concept Promotion Project FY2008～～～～～～～～FY2012FY2012

Malaysia

Subang JayaCitySeri Serdang District

（（（（FY2010～～～～FY2012））））

Indonesia

South Sumatera Province

Palembang City（（（（FY2010～～～～FY2012））））

６

Overview of Progress in Thailand and VietNamOverview of Progress in Thailand and VietNamOverview of Progress in Thailand and VietNamOverview of Progress in Thailand and VietNam

CountriesCountriesCountriesCountries MotivationMotivationMotivationMotivation MethodologyMethodologyMethodologyMethodology

ThailandThailandThailandThailand �Expansion of organic farming �Soil improvement �Local energy generation (modern bioenergy)Revitalization of the region

�Biodigester�Compost�Wood Vinegaretc.

�Revitalization of the regionVietNamVietNamVietNamVietNam �Conversion to organic farming

�Local energy generation (modern bioenergy)

�Biomass resource utilization

�Large scale biodigester

� Bioethanol research using rice straw

�Compostetc.

７

Overview of Progress in Malaysia and IndonesiaOverview of Progress in Malaysia and IndonesiaOverview of Progress in Malaysia and IndonesiaOverview of Progress in Malaysia and Indonesia

CountriesCountriesCountriesCountries MotivationMotivationMotivationMotivation MethodologyMethodologyMethodologyMethodology

MalaysiaMalaysiaMalaysiaMalaysia �Biomass resource utilization (palm residue

and agricultural residue)�Reducing garbage and its utilization (composting and biogas)

�Local energy production

�Biogas from waste water at palm mill�Compost�BDF production�Residents awareness�Local energy production

(waste oil to BDF, food waste to Biogas)awarenessetc

IndonesiaIndonesiaIndonesiaIndonesia � Conversion from imported chemical fertilizers to local organic fertilizer

�Reducing garbage and solving landfill capacity problems

�Producing biogas and biodiesel for local energy

�Compost production�BDF production�Biogas�Residents awarenessetc

８

Project ScheduleProject ScheduleProject ScheduleProject Schedule

・Organizing

counterparts

・Discussion

between Working Group

and farmers

・Surveys on

Potential

biomass in

local area ・ Follow

1st year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year～

10

counterparts

・Training

course in Japan for counterparts

and farmers groups

・Municipality’s authorization for Biomass Town Concept

local area

・Organizing

farmers groups

・Draft

Biomass Town

Concept

・ Follow

Up(technical advice and consultation )

９９９９

Steps to establish “Biomass Town Concept” (1)

Organizing stakeholders

• Finding appropriate

counterparts in Central

Training course in Japan for

counterparts

• Lectures on how to

design Biomass Town

Step 1 Step 2

counterparts in Central

government, Research

institute and municipality

• Selection of the project

site and imaging the

direction of the Concept

• Organizing local Working

Group at the project site

design Biomass Town

Concept (calculation for

potential biomass, needs

survey, economical

analysis, appropriate

technology, etc.)

• Study tour to visit

Japanese Biomass Town

• Workshop (trial design)

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Steps to establish “Biomass Town Concept” (2)

Step 3People’s participation

• Organizing farmers groups (in Thailand:

Step 4Designing “Biomass Town

Concept” by Working Group

• Surveys on potential biomass

of the site area and interview groups (in Thailand: palm farming, organic farming, irrigation farming)

• Farmers discussion on the efficient biomass utilization and difficulties in each famers group

of the site area and interview

by Working Group

• Discussion between Working

Group and farmers groups

• Designing Biomass Town

Concept by Working Group

considering farmers idea

• Municipality’s authorization

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The Realization of “Biomass Town Concept” in NaDuang village,

Loei Prefecture in Thailand supported by DOA,MOAC

• Simple livestock farming

• Unutilized

Before

• Intensive livestock

farming utilizing its

excrement for

AAAAfffftttteeeerrrr tttthhhheeee ddddiiiissssccccuuuussssssssiiiioooonnnn ooooffff “Biomass Town “Biomass Town “Biomass Town “Biomass Town

Concept”Concept”Concept”Concept”Budget preparation

by Thailand

• Unutilized agriculture residue

• Purchasing chemical fertilizer

• Using costly fossil fuel

• Water shortage for agriculture

excrement for

biodigester cooking

energy, fertilizer

• Compost production

for organic farming

• Water supply by human

power (bicycle pump)

12

Soft supportby Japan

Improved NaDuang village by DOA in Thailand

Intensive pig farming Aquaculture

Biodigester using pig excrement

Compost for agriculture

Biomass Town

Biogas for cooking

Bicycle pump to take

up water to farms

13

AchievementAchievementAchievementAchievement�Training course for counterparts in Japan was effective one.�Raising awareness and knowledge level at the Working Group �Established Biomass Town Concept and became a next step to

practical implementation.�Sustainable biomass utilization based on “the Biomass Town

Concept” in Naduang Village� Local energy generation (modern bioenergy access)� Sustainable agricultural material� Sustainable agricultural material� Waste reduction � Sustainable Management by farmer groups

Key elements�Finding appropriate counterparts who have strong

concern for biomass utilization (national level and local level)�Involving local stakeholders into Working group �Communication between local people and Working Group which

leads to practical steps for the realization of the concept.14

Future ProspectFuture ProspectFuture ProspectFuture Prospect

� Thailand will promote this kind of biomass town for similar area.

� Malaysia and Indonesia will establish biomass town concept in FY2012.And some demonstration projects connected with this project are under consideration in both countries. countries.

� Considering manual preparation to share experiences and method for making biomass town concept in East Asian Countries.

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Thank you for your attentions!Thank you for your attentions!Thank you for your attentions!Thank you for your attentions!

Special thanks to Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperative, Thailand.Also special thanks to cooperators in Malaysia, Also special thanks to cooperators in Malaysia, Indonesia and VietNam

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Appendix : Support from JapanAppendix : Support from JapanAppendix : Support from JapanAppendix : Support from Japan

�Finding appropriate counterparts in central government, research institute and municipality

and establish local Working Groups.

�Capacity building for counterparts & people in �Capacity building for counterparts & people in local

level�Support regular Working Group meetings.�Support workshops around target area and

international symposium.�This project aims “Capacity building ” rather than

“Hardware installment” 17

Appendix:Appendix:Appendix:Appendix: Biomass flow at NaDuang villageBiomass flow at NaDuang villageBiomass flow at NaDuang villageBiomass flow at NaDuang village

Wood vinegar

productionIntensive pig

farming

Storage of

liquid

Concentration of

cattle breeding

（pasture）Bicycle pump

excrement

Water storage tank 10mH

wood

vinegarbiochar

excrement

Compost

Soil improvement

Organic

farmingAquaculture

Mushroom cultivation

Biodigester

Palm

cultivation

liquid

fertilizer

Cooking gas

BiogasLiquid

fertilize

r

Palm mill

Palm oil residue

Feed

Soil

improvement

Organic

product

mushroom

Power generationBranding/

Selling organic farm

products implementation

in futureMushroom

bed

BDF

PV panel

Agri-

residue

Mix with water

18