Biomass Energy for Rural India Project

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PROJECTPROJECT OBJECTIVES (1)OBJECTIVES (1)

Global Objective:

To reduce GHG (Carbon dioxide) emission to atmosphere through the promotion of bioenergy in rural areas leading to sustainable development

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PROJECTPROJECT OBJECTIVES (2)OBJECTIVES (2)

National: To enhance the share of renewable

energy in the total energy generated To develop decentralised bio-energy

technology for quality rural energy services

To remove barriers to large scale adoption and commercialization of bioenergy technology packages

Local: To provide reliable, timely and

qualitatively superior and affordable energy services to the village population to enhance income-earning opportunities

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Project Strategy Project Strategy

• Technology package standardization

• Bio-energy system demo and proof of concept

• Capacity building to overcome institutional barriers

• Enabling activities to overcome market barriers

• Information dissemination to overcome information barriers

• Removal of financial barriers

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Project componentsProject components

• Biomass gasifier systems• Community bio-gas systems• Biomass development• Information dissemination• Community organisation• Capacity building• Rural livelihood• Entrepreneurship development

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Project Area

5 Talukas – 24 Villages

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Project Implementation Strategy(1)

Cluster approach Community Participation Participation of Local Self-Govt. (PRIs) Involvement of NGOs

– Cluster NGO– Functional NGO

Involvement of Government Depts & agencies

Involvement of power distribution utility…

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Project Implementation Strategy (2)

Institutional Strengthening Phased cost recovery Bio-energy system management

– Community - based– Entrepreneur – based– BOO – based

Bio-mass development Outsourcing of expertise – TAC/Studies Equity Issues

…

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Community Orgn. Strategy (1)

Cluster NGO Concept Involvement of functional NGOs Community Involvement both on Supply

and Demand SideEnergy GroupVillage Forest CommitteeWater User GroupBiogas User GroupSelf – Help Group

Synergy with other projects…

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Community Orgn. Strategy (2)

Strengthening and linking of local institutions– Village Panchayats– Mahila Mandals, Youth associations– Milk Producers’ Society– SHGs, Literacy Groups– Village Forest Committees

Focus on Gender Involvement of weaker sections and

landless

…

…

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Community Orgn. Strategy (3)

• Develop entrepreneurship locally• Village computerisation

– (Simputer, RTCs, Agricultural prices)• Awareness & Orientation • Capacity building for communities and

institutions• Information dissemination and feedback

…

…

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Biomass Development Strategy (1) Objectives

•Bio-energy•Bio-diversity

Self – sustainability in local area Joint Forest Management

•Through Village Forest Committees•Partnership with Forest Department

Land for planting•Forest Land•Community Land•Govt. Department (Revenue, Horticulture, Sericulture)•Private

…

…

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Biomass Development Strategy (2) Plantation Models

– Energy forests– Assisted Natural Regeneration– High-Yielding Clonal plantation– Avenue Plantation– Farm – based models

–Bund planting–Agro-forestry–Woodlots

– Homestead gardens–Fruit , Vegetables, Medicinal plants

…

…

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Biomass Development Strategy (3) Integrated Tree based farming with

Watershed DevelopmentDryland orchards – fuel, fruit and incomesWater re-charging (bunds, farm ponds)

Decentralized nursery through women’s groups

Pricing of Planting Material – Revolving Forest Development Fund – VFCs

Capacity Building

…

…

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Biomass Development Strategy (4)

Use of agro-residues •Direct use•Briquetting

• Outsourcing in the initial years•Farmers, Forest Dept, Bulk suppliers•Briquettes from agro-residues•Non-woody biomass (coconut shell etc.)

MOU with VFC, farmers, Briquetting units on long-term supply and its price

…

…

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Bio-Energy Systems Strategy (1)

Technology components– Gasifier and gas-engine for electricity– Cow-dung based biogas – cooking– Leaf – litter based biogas – cooking - for

households not having cattle Gasifier

– Dual – fuel mode – 100 % producer gas mode

Biogas plants– Large size community – based– Medium – size (8-10 households)– Single – household – based

…

…

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Bio-Energy Systems Strategy (2)

Technology development•Pilot villages•First cluster

• Distribution system•Independent system•Use of existing infrastructure•Feeding to the grid

…

…

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Bio-Energy Systems Strategy (3) Capacity of gasifiers

Full requirement of the villageOnly additional requirementLighting, DW supply, Milling and additional community irrigation

Size – Single vs modular Location

Single village Multi-village cluster

Private Sector developmentConstructionConstruction & OMBOO

ManagementCommunity; Local entrepreneur: Fabricator; professional group

…

…

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PROJECT COST RECOVERYPROJECT COST RECOVERY

• Gasifiers & Bio-gas plants•Full O & M Cost recovery•Recovery of capital costs – Phased

•Equity issues

• Plantations•Revolving Village Forest Fund•User Contribution for Watershed and Forestry Development .

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GENDER ISSUESGENDER ISSUES • Reducing drudgery for village women

– Cooking ( fuel wood collection , smoke)– Drinking water , Children’s study,

Sanitation ,• Additional income from kitchen garden

and decentralized nurseries,• Improvement in nutrition• Fodder – extra income + nutrition from

milk• Empowerment

• Self-help groups, Additional income • 30 % representation in committees• Developing leadership

• Employment for women,

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Equity IssuesEquity Issues

• Cooking gas for each house• Drinking Water tap for each house• Additional irrigation at half an acre per

household• Water right for all – including land less• Community plantation• Employment opportunities

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Major Activities taken upMajor Activities taken up

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Project Progress Project Progress

Community organisation Community organisation

• Cluster NGOs selected for all five clusters

• VBEMC formed – 4• VFCs

• Formed 6• Strengthened 2

• WUA formed 36• Agreements signed with 21

Water User Associations in 3 villages

• Biogas User Groups identified18

• Women SHGs• Formed 11• Strengthened

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Capacity BuildingCapacity BuildingTrainings & Visits Trainings & Visits

• Technical training– Nursery – 140 women

– Vermicomposting – 13 women

• Exposure visit– 63 persons, incl. 23

women of 3 villages of 2nd cluster

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Capacity BuildingCapacity BuildingTechnical workshopsTechnical workshops

• Outcome and Output indicators finalised in State level and District level “Results Based Management” workshop

• Technical workshop for ‘Biomass Development – Strategy, Models and Mechanisms’ held

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Biomass Development - 1Biomass Development - 11.24 lakh seedlings raised in Hybrid DCNs4.8 lakh seedlings raised in departmental nurseries15 Women SHGs, 123 households earned an average of Rs. 1008 per hh, in 5

months

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Biomass Development Biomass Development 22– Microplans for tree based farming prepared – Hasiruhabba (Green festival) celebrated on 4th Aug, planting 48000

seedlings on a single day on private lands

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Biomass Development Biomass Development 33• 104 farmers, 40.65 ha of Agro-Hortiforetry and Agroforestry completed

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Biomass Development Biomass Development 44• High productivity farm wood lots – 4 farmers

4.4 hectares

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Biomass DevelopmentBiomass Development 55 Farm PondFarm Pond

• 5 farm ponds completed

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Biomass Development Biomass Development 66Forest and Community landsForest and Community lands

• 371 hectares of plantations raised – 142.5 ha of energy forests, – 193.5 ha of Assisted Natural

regeneration model, – 28 km of avenue plantations and – 7 ha of high productivity clonal

plantations

• 656 hectares of land identified for planting during 2004 rains

FPK1b.JPG

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Biomass Development Biomass Development Forest and Community landsForest and Community lands

Energy forests Avenue plantations

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Biogas systemsBiogas systems• 5 Community Biogas plants for cooking gas – 28 households:

– Deenabandhu – 1 x 6 cmtrs, KVIC - 2 x 8 cmtrs– KVIC - 1 x 10 cmtrs, KVIC - 1 x 20 cmtrs

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Energy End use systemsEnergy End use systemsGasifiers in the first clusterGasifiers in the first cluster

   

•2 Acres land purchased

•Tendering process for installation of 500 KW gasifier systems completed

•Civil works tender received

•Geo-technical survey for building completed

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Energy End use systemsEnergy End use systemsCommunity irrigation systemsCommunity irrigation systems

   

•36 borewells drilled in 3 villages of first cluster

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Web site launchedWeb site launchedhttp://kar.nic.in\bioenergyindia http://kar.nic.in\bioenergyindia

owered by National Informatics Centre

ABOUT US

MISSION

OBJECTIVES

LOCATION

PROJECT DETAILS

IMP. ARRANGEMENTS

STAKEHOLDERS

PROJECT BENEFITS

GASIFICATION TECH

ANNOUNCEMENTS

ADVERTISEMENTS

CONTACTS

FEEDBACK

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ICT for project monitoringICT for project monitoring

owered by National Informatics Centre

Simputers used for monitoring crop and Simputers used for monitoring crop and land use changes in 5 project villagesland use changes in 5 project villages

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GRAMATHANA MAP OF AJJANAHALLI

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GRAMATHANA MAP OF AJJANAHALLI

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CADASTRAL PARCELS WITH GRAMATHANA LOCATIONS

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Synergy with Other ProgrammesSynergy with Other Programmes

• Natural Resource Management– Forest Department – Capacity building &

biomass development – World Bank projects

• Water shed development• Tank Development Project

• Energy Utility – Infrastructure sharing & developing revenue models

• Rural Development– Swajaladhara - Drinking Water project– Nirmal grama – Sanitation

• Women & Child Welfare– Swashakthi & Streeshakthi SHG linkages

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Potential Risks & Mitigation …Potential Risks & Mitigation …SL

RISK FACTORS MITIGATION MEASURES

1 Non participation or non-sustainable participation of local community.

•Empowerment, community participation, - Sustainable Orgn- Coop or company (Professional mgt.)•Assured supply of BE and quality services .•Involvement of Entrepreneurs

2 Technology Barrier; -Technology not proven at high capacity – 100 KW.

•Dual mode as stand by.•Technical backup by CGPL

3 Govt. Policy.:- low participation -pricing / tariff structure-Excess power

•Phased cost recovery and •Involvement of power utility/govt•Package deal / service package to farmers. •Power purchase – feed to grid

4 Unforeseen - drought ;Grey Area

•Water Harvesting and recharging models being tried.

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Potential Risks & Mitigation …Potential Risks & Mitigation …

SL

RISK FACTORS MITIGATION MEASURES

5 Low demand for lighting:-Project villages already electrified.

•High demand for irrigation , Farming package with high income cropping system approach.•Additional demand by existing borewells.

6 Institutional Barriers:-financial risk – cost effectiveness.

-Venture capital funding, -Fin. Institns would be promoted.-Promoting only pure gas engine

7 Lack of land availability for Bio mass production.Non-avaibility of biomassBiomass price risk

Out sourcing of Bio mass along with captive production , Commercial farm forestry based models, Energy forests,Briquetting of Agro. Bio mass.

8 Biogas risk - leaf litter

– Pilot testing

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Guiding principles of Guiding principles of the projectthe project

•Sustainability

•Replicability