HEADHEAD

AHMAD AMINUDDINAHMAD AMINUDDIN

MUSCLE OF THE FACE AND MUSCLE OF THE FACE AND SCALPSCALP

The facial muscles are in the subcutaneous The facial muscles are in the subcutaneous tissue of the anterior and posterior scalp, face tissue of the anterior and posterior scalp, face and neck.and neck.

They move the skin and change facial They move the skin and change facial expressions to convey mood.expressions to convey mood.

Most muscles attach to bone or facia and Most muscles attach to bone or facia and produce their effects by pulling the skin.produce their effects by pulling the skin.

All muscles of facial expression develop from All muscles of facial expression develop from mesoderm in the second pharyngeal arches.mesoderm in the second pharyngeal arches.

The muscular sheet differentiates in to muscle The muscular sheet differentiates in to muscle that surround the facial orificesthat surround the facial orifices

FACIAL LACERATIONFACIAL LACERATION

Facial laceration tend to gape, because the face Facial laceration tend to gape, because the face has no distinct deep fascia and the has no distinct deep fascia and the subcutaneous tissue between the cutaneous subcutaneous tissue between the cutaneous attachments of the facial muscles is lose.attachments of the facial muscles is lose.

The looseness of the subcutaneous tissue also The looseness of the subcutaneous tissue also enables fluid and blood to accumulateenables fluid and blood to accumulate

As a person ages the skin loses it elasticity – As a person ages the skin loses it elasticity – ridges and wrinkles occur in the skin ridges and wrinkles occur in the skin perpendicular to the direction of the facial perpendicular to the direction of the facial muscle fibers.muscle fibers.

MUSCLES OF THE SCALP, MUSCLES OF THE SCALP, FOREHEAD AND EYEBROWSFOREHEAD AND EYEBROWS

The occipitofrontalis consist of occipital The occipitofrontalis consist of occipital and frontal bellies that share a common and frontal bellies that share a common tendon, the epicranial aponeurosis.tendon, the epicranial aponeurosis.

The occipital belly, with bony attachments, The occipital belly, with bony attachments, works as a synergist with the frontal belly, works as a synergist with the frontal belly, which has no bony attachments, to elevate which has no bony attachments, to elevate the eyebrows and produce transverse the eyebrows and produce transverse wrinkles across the forehead.wrinkles across the forehead.

MUSCLES OF THE MOUTH, LIPS MUSCLES OF THE MOUTH, LIPS AND CHEEKSAND CHEEKS

fig fig