Subj
ect M
atte
r Exp
erts
Mich
ael J.
Carte
r, PhD
, Prof
essor,
Depa
rtmen
t of C
lassic
s, Broc
k Univ
ersity
Illus
trat
ion
and
Phot
o Cre
dits
Title
The
Parth
enon
, buil
t 447
-432
BC
(pho
to) /
Acro
polis,
Ath
ens,
Gree
ce /
© SG
M / B
ridge
man I
mage
s
Chap
ter 2,
Card
1 Ge
orge M
unda
y/ag
e foto
stock
/Sup
erStoc
k
Chap
ter 2,
Card
2 Pa
ntheo
n/Su
perSt
ock
Chap
ter 3
A Sp
artan
hop
lite, o
r hea
vy a
rmed
soldi
er (g
ouac
he o
n pa
per),
Ho
wat,
Andre
w (2
0th C
entur
y) / P
rivate
Coll
ectio
n / B
ridge
man
Imag
es
ISBN: 978-1-68380-323-2
Chap
ter 4
The
Disco
bolus
of M
yron.
Gree
k scu
lpture
. From
The
Nati
onal
Ency
clopa
edia,
pub
lishe
d c.1
890.
/ Priv
ate C
ollec
tion
/ Pho
to ©
Ke
n Wels
h / Br
idgem
an Im
ages
Chap
ter 5,
Card
1 Le
onida
s and
his
troop
s figh
ting
to the
end,
Engli
sh Sc
hool,
(20th
ce
ntury)
/ Priv
ate Co
llecti
on / ©
Look
and L
earn
/ Brid
gema
n Ima
ges
Chap
ter 5,
Card
1 Ba
ttle o
f Sala
mis, H
owat,
Andre
w (2
0th Ce
ntury)
/ Priv
ate Co
llecti
on /
© Lo
ok an
d Lea
rn /
Bridg
eman
Imag
es
Chap
ter 6
The
Parth
enon
, buil
t 447
-432
BC
(pho
to) /
Acro
polis,
Ath
ens,
Gree
ce /
© SG
M / B
ridge
man I
mage
s
Chap
ter 7
Classi
c Visi
on/a
ge fo
tostoc
k/Su
perSt
ock
Chap
ter 8
The D
eath
of S
ocrat
es, 1
787
(oil o
n ca
nvas
), Da
vid, J
acqu
es Lo
uis
(174
8–18
25) /
Metr
opoli
tan M
useu
m of
Art,
New
York,
USA
/
Bridg
eman
Chap
ter 9
Arist
otle a
nd P
lato:
detai
l of S
choo
l of A
then
s, 15
10–1
1 (fr
esco
) (d
etail o
f 472
), Rap
hael
(Raff
aello
Sanz
io of
Urbin
o) (1
483–
1520
) /
Vatic
an M
useu
ms an
d Gall
eries,
Vatic
an Ci
ty / B
ridge
man I
mage
s
Chap
ter 10
, Card
1 Th
e Batt
le of
Alex
ande
r at I
ssus.
Oil p
aintin
g by t
he G
erman
artis
t Al
brech
t Altd
orfer
(148
0–15
38).
1529
. Deta
il., A
ltdor
fer, A
lbrec
ht (c.
1480
–153
8) /
Alte
Pinak
othek
, Mun
ich, G
erman
y / P
hoto
©
Tarke
r / Br
idgem
an Im
ages
Chap
ter 10
, Card
2 Sc
holar
s at w
ork in
the f
amed
librar
y of A
lexan
dria,
Hook
, Rich
ard
(b.19
38) /
Priva
te Co
llecti
on / ©
Look
and L
earn
/ Brid
gema
n Ima
ges
Chap
ter 11
, Card
1 Th
e earl
y city
of Ro
me, B
araldi
, Sev
erino
(b.19
30) /
Priva
te Co
llecti
on /
© Lo
ok an
d Lea
rn /
Bridg
eman
Imag
es
Chap
ter 11
, Card
2 Ibe
rfoto/
Supe
rStoc
k
Chap
ter 12
, Card
2 Ha
nniba
l cros
sing t
he Al
ps, E
nglis
h Sch
ool, (
20th
centu
ry) /
Priva
te Co
llecti
on /
© Lo
ok an
d Lea
rn /
Bridg
eman
Imag
es
Chap
ter 13
, Card
1 Ro
berth
arding
/Sup
erStoc
k
Chap
ter 13
, Card
2 Ju
lius C
aesa
r cros
ses t
he R
ubico
n (co
lour l
itho)
, Eng
lish
Scho
ol,
(20th
centu
ry) / P
rivate
Colle
ction
/ © Lo
ok an
d Lea
rn / B
ridge
man
Imag
es
Chap
ter 13
, Card
3 De
bate
in th
e ea
rly R
oman
sena
te (g
ouac
he o
n pa
per),
Bara
ldi,
Seve
rino
(b.19
30)
/ Pri
vate
Colle
ction
/ ©
Loo
k an
d Le
arn /
Br
idgem
an Im
ages
Chap
ter 14
Em
peror
Aug
ustus
(63 B
C-14
AD)
(ston
e), R
oman
/ Ga
lleria
deg
li Uf
fizi, F
loren
ce, It
aly /
Bridg
eman
Imag
es
Chap
ter 15
, Card
1 Tri
umph
of F
aith
- Chr
istian
Mart
yrs in
the T
ime
of Ne
ro, 6
5 AD
(o
il on
can
vas),
Thirio
n, Eu
gene
Rom
ain (1
839–
1910
) / P
rivate
Co
llecti
on /
Photo
© Bo
nham
s, Lon
don,
UK /
Bridg
eman
Imag
es
Chap
ter 15
, Card
2 Em
peror
Cons
tantin
e I (c
.274–
337)
the G
reat (
mosa
ic), B
yzan
tine /
Sa
n Marc
o, Ve
nice,
Italy
/ Brid
gema
n Ima
ges
Chap
ter 16
Ro
me in
vade
d by t
he Ba
rbari
ans, S
carpe
lli, Ta
ncred
i (186
6–19
37) /
Pri
vate
Colle
ction
/ ©
Look
and L
earn
/ Br
idgem
an Im
ages
Cre
ativ
e C
om
mo
ns L
icen
sing
This
wor
k is
lice
nsed
und
er a
C
reat
ive
Com
mon
s A
ttrib
utio
n-N
onC
omm
erci
al-S
hare
Alik
e 4.
0 In
tern
atio
nal L
icen
se.
You
are
free
:to
Sha
re—
to c
opy,
dis
trib
ute,
and
tran
smit
the
wor
k to
Rem
ix—
to a
dapt
the
wor
k
Und
er t
he f
ollo
win
g c
ond
itio
ns:
Att
rib
utio
n—Yo
u m
ust a
ttrib
ute
the
wor
k in
the
fo
llow
ing
man
ner:
This
wor
k is
bas
ed o
n an
orig
inal
wor
k of
the
Cor
e K
now
ledg
e® F
ound
atio
n (w
ww
.cor
ekno
wle
dge.
org)
mad
e av
aila
ble
thro
ugh
licen
sing
und
er a
Cre
ativ
e C
omm
ons
Att
ribut
ion-
Non
Com
mer
cial
-Sha
reA
like
4.0
Inte
rnat
iona
l Li
cens
e. T
his
does
not
in a
ny w
ay im
ply
that
the
Cor
e K
now
ledg
e Fo
unda
tion
endo
rses
this
wor
k.
No
nco
mm
erci
al—
You
may
not
use
this
wor
k fo
r co
mm
erci
al p
urpo
ses.
Sha
re A
like—
If yo
u al
ter,
tran
sfor
m, o
r bu
ild u
pon
this
wor
k,
you
may
dis
trib
ute
the
resu
lting
wor
k on
ly u
nder
the
sam
e or
si
mila
r lic
ense
to th
is o
ne.
Wit
h th
e un
der
stan
din
g t
hat:
Fo
r an
y re
use
or d
istr
ibut
ion,
you
mus
t mak
e cl
ear
to
othe
rs th
e lic
ense
term
s of
this
wor
k. T
he b
est w
ay to
do
this
is w
ith a
link
to th
is w
eb p
age:
http
s://
crea
tivec
omm
ons.
org/
licen
ses/
by-n
c-sa
/4.0
/
Cop
yrig
ht ©
201
8 C
ore
Kno
wle
dge
Foun
datio
n w
ww
.co
rekn
ow
led
ge.
org
All
Rig
hts
Res
erve
d.
Cor
e K
now
ledg
e®, C
ore
Kno
wle
dge
Cur
ricul
um S
erie
s™,
Cor
e K
now
ledg
e H
isto
ry a
nd G
eogr
aphy
™ a
nd C
KH
G™
ar
e tr
adem
arks
of t
he C
ore
Kno
wle
dge
Foun
datio
n.
Trad
emar
ks a
nd tr
ade
nam
es a
re s
how
n in
this
boo
k st
rictly
for
illust
rativ
e an
d ed
ucat
iona
l pur
pose
s an
d ar
e th
e pr
oper
ty o
f the
ir re
spec
tive
owne
rs. R
efer
ence
s he
rein
sh
ould
not
be
rega
rded
as
affe
ctin
g th
e va
lidity
of s
aid
trad
emar
ks a
nd tr
ade
nam
es.
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 1: The Ancient Greek City-StatesBy 500 BCE, there were dozens of Greek city-states.
N
S
EW
0 100 miles0 400 miles
city-stateGreek colonyGreek lands AFRICA
EUROPE
ASIA MINOR
PELOPONNESUS
Italy
MytileneAbydos
PhocaeaEphesus
Naukratis
ApolloniaCyrene
Barca
Sparta
SpartaAsini
Pylos
Kithira
Troezen
Aegina
Athens
ThebesDelphi Chalcis
Cumae
Massalia
SpinaAgathe
Emporium
Tarentum
Epidamnus Abdera ByzantiumCalchedon
Callatis
Thedosia
Rhegium
Syracuse
Elis
Olympia
Corinth
ArgosTegea
Megalopolis
PeleponAthens
Mediterranean Sea
TyrrhenianSea
Black Sea
Ionian Sea
Adriatic Sea
Aegean Sea
Cyprus
Al-Mina
Crete
Sicily
Mt. Olympus
Map of Ancient Greece, 500 BCE
Big Question: What different forms of government were adopted by various city-states?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
Chapter 2: AthensAthens is considered the birthplace of the democratic form of government.
Big Question: In what ways was Athenian democracy limited?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 2: AthensThe tales contained in the epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey are said to have been created by the Greek poet Homer, around the 700s BCE.
Big Question: In what ways was Athenian democracy limited?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 3: Sparta The city-state of Sparta emphasized highly disciplined military training.
Big Question: Why were Spartan children, especially boys, treated so harshly?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 4: The Olympic GamesThe Olympic Games began as a festival honoring the god Zeus. In 776 BCE, a footrace was added, followed by other competitions in later years.
Big Question: What were the Olympic Games?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 5: The Persian Wars
The Spartans joined the Athenians to defeat the Persians in battles at Thermopylae (480 BCE), Salamis (480 BCE), and Plataea (479 BCE).
Big Question: Why do you think the Spartans and the Athenians joined together to fight the Persians in the later battles of the Persian Wars?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 6: The Golden Age of AthensUnder Pericles’s leadership, the Parthenon was built as part of the Acropolis on a hill in Athens to honor the goddess Athena. Construction lasted from 447 BCE to 438 BCE.
Big Question: What were some of the cultural achievements during the Golden Age of Athens?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 7: The Peloponnesian War Sparta and Athens battled one another for more than twenty-five years during the Peloponnesian War, from 431–404 BCE.
Big Question: What events brought about an end to the Golden Age of Athens?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 8: Greek Philosophy and SocratesSocrates, found guilty of misleading the young men of Athens, was sentenced to death in 399 BCE.
Big Question: How was Socrates different from earlier Greek philosophers?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 9: Plato and Aristotle The writings of Plato and his student, Aristotle, are still read and studied today.
Big Question: What role did philosophers play in ancient Greece, and what were their long-term contributions?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 10: Alexander and the Hellenistic Period This famous painting of the Battle of Issus by the German artist Albrecht Altdorfer shows Alexander the Great’s victory in battle over the Persians in 333 BCE.
Big Question: How did the success of Alexander the Great as a great military leader contribute to the expansion and influence of Greek culture?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 10: Alexander and the Hellenistic PeriodGreek culture spread during the Hellenistic Period after Alexander’s death, as evidenced by the library in Alexandria, founded in 288 BCE.
Big Question: How did the success of Alexander the Great as a great military leader contribute to the expansion and influence of Greek culture?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 11: The Roman RepublicAround 400 BCE, Rome consisted of a few thousand farmers living beside the Tiber River.
Big Question: Why was the success of Rome and its lands dependent on the success of the Roman army?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 11: The Roman RepublicThe Roman army conquered all of Italy. By 275 BCE, the city of Rome governed all of Italy.
Big Question: Why was the success of Rome and its lands dependent on the success of the Roman army?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 12: The Punic WarsIn the First Punic War, Rome prevented Carthage from taking over Sicily.
MediterraneanSea
EUROPE
AFRICA
Spain
The First Punic War(264–241 BCE)
Adriatic Sea
Corsica
SardiniaBalearic Islands
Sicily
Rome
Italy
10°W
0° 10°N
40°N
N
S
EW
Areas controlled by Carthage Areas controlled by Rome
0 400 miles
40°N
Carthage
Big Question: What were the Punic Wars, and what was the end result?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 12: The Punic Wars During the Second Punic War (218–201 BCE), Hannibal and his army crossed the Alps into Italy but were defeated by the Romans.
Big Question: What were the Punic Wars, and what was the end result?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 12: The Punic Wars In the Third Punic War, from 149–146 BCE, the Roman army destroyed the city of Carthage and enslaved the survivors.
MediterraneanSea
AFRICA
GAUL (FRANCE)
Rome
CarthageSicily
Italy
Spain
Adriatic Sea
EUROPE
Corsica
Sardinia Greece
Area controlled by RomeArea controlled by Carthage 0 400 miles
N
S
EW Pyrenees
Alps
The End of the Third Punic War (146 BCE)
Big Question: What were the Punic Wars, and what was the end result?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 13: Julius Caesar: A Great RomanFrom 58–51 BCE, Julius Caesar led the Roman armies in conquering Gaul, the area we now know as France.
Big Question: How would you describe the character of Julius Caesar, and what brought about his fall from power?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 13: Julius Caesar: A Great RomanAfter Caesar crossed the Rubicon in 49 BCE, civil war broke out, with Caesar fighting his former ally, Pompey.
Big Question: How would you describe the character of Julius Caesar, and what brought about his fall from power?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 13: Julius Caesar: A Great RomanAlthough Caesar had the Roman Senate make him dictator for life, he had many enemies and was assassinated in 44 BCE.
Big Question: How would you describe the character of Julius Caesar, and what brought about his fall from power?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 14: The Age of AugustusOctavian, who became known as Caesar Augustus, became the first Roman emperor in 27 BCE.
Big Question: Why might Augustus have wanted to glorify Rome?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 15: Rome and ChristianityChristians were killed by wild animals or were forced to fight for their lives.
Big Question: Why was the growth of Christianity originally considered a threat to the Roman Empire?
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME
CHAPTER 15: Rome and Christianity Roman emperor Constantine converted to Christianity and declared Christianity a legal religion in Rome.
Big Question: Why was the growth of Christianity originally considered a threat to the Roman Empire?