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World Meteorological Organization Working together in weather, climate and water

WMO OMM

WMO www.wmo.int

Direct Readout Acquisition and Relay

System for LEO Satellite Data

Jérôme Lafeuille

(WMO Space Programme)

Mikael Rattenborg

WMO OMM

RARS/ATOVS implementation

Regional components January 2009 March 2014 March 2015

(TBC)

EARS 10 stations

23%

18 stations

40%

19 stations

41%

Asia-Pacific 14 stations

28%

16 stations

30%

19 stations

36%

South-America 5 stations

10%

8 stations

14%

9 stations

17 %

Overall network 29 stations

61%

42 stations

77%

47 stations

84%

DRARS IPET-SUP-1, 16-19 March 2015 2

The percentages are the fraction of the globe’s surface (except polar caps) above which

the DB signal emitted by a satellite is received by at least one station of the RARS network

From RARS to the future

• The RARS concept is excellent and must be pursued

• This concept must however be:

– expanded to other sensors

– broadened to accommodate the NOAA DBRTN initiative if agreement is reached on common high-level requirements and specifications

– documented to be fully operational and sustainable

– integrated into the WMO Information System (WIS)

• A new new branding is required to reflect this evolution, working name «DRARS»

• The Commission for Basic Systems (CBS-Ext(2014), Asunción) «welcomed the steps taken to develop the Direct Readout Acquisition and Relay of Satellite Data (DRARS) which will follow and enhance the Regional ATOVS Retransmission Services (RARS) and recommended to complete a Guide to DRARS as part of the WIS reference documentation»


First DRARS Coordination meeting on 11-13 March 2015 • Participation: NOAA, EUMETSAT, KMA, IMD, JMA (webex),

BoM, SMN Argentina, CMA, NWPSAF, WMO (SP + WIS)

• Reviewed status of RARS and outstanding issues

• Reports on pilot initiatives of EUMETSAT and NOAA ,

• Discussed these initiatives as possible models for new Services

• Addressed high-level specifications for new services – inclusive of new sensors, living with evolving user needs

• Reviewed draft Guide to DRARS

• Discussed implementation issues

• Discussed the branding issue of the new services and proposed a new name and a branding strategy:


Proposed new name to allow better branding for regions, services and stations:

DBNet - Direct Broadcast Network

Areas Services Stations

(optional)

DBNet North America DBNet-RARS (heritage ATOVS service)

DBNet Athens

DBNet South America DBNet-IASI DBNet Madison

DBNet Asia-Pacific DBNet-ATMS DBNet

DBNet Europe DBNet-CrIS ......

...... ..........

What is the purpose of the DBNet Guide ?

• Define the minimum standards that will ensure – Operational suitability of DBNet products (for NWP)

– Interoperability of DBNet products from different regions

– Compliance with WMO Information System (WIS)

• Provide guidance on best practices where no standardization is required

A Guide for DBNet contributors and DBnet users

Will contribute to DBNet integration into WIS, and recognition by CBS


GUIDE TO THE DIRECT

BROADCAST NETWORK

(DBNet) FOR NEAR REAL-TIME RELAY

OF LEO SATELLITE DATA

Draft 13/03/2015

The following questions were considered

• Are the provisions sufficient to ensure suitability/interoperability,

and WIS compliance ?

• Are the provisions necessary ? (or recommended, or for example)

• What is their applicability? (Whole DBNet, or specific services)

• Are they correct and clear ?

• Are we adequately referring to external standards and not

paraphrasing them? (e.g. WIS regulatory material)


Current and potential DBNet services

Categories of

Services

Services/Instruments

IR/MW sounding RARS(AMSU-A, MHS, HIRS), ATMS, VASS(MWTS,

MWHS, IRAS)

IR/VIS imaging VIIRS, AVHRR, MERSI

Hyperspectral IR

sounding

CrIS, IASI, HIRAS

Scatterometry ASCAT

MW imagery MWRI


Each DBNet regional or sub-regional network contributes to one or several

DBNet “Services”. A DBNet Service is performing the Direct Readout Acquisition

and Relay of a certain category of satellite data.

• Products, Timeliness, Availability, Coverage

• Should be reviewed by user bodies (ITWG, APSDEU-NAEDEX, IPET-SUP)

Timeliness: 15 min rather than 30 min

Coverage: it is a requirement at the network level , trade-off with cost


High-level Service Specifications


Common processing software and orbital elements

for product consistency


Implementation (Note: will depend on the set of DBNet Services)

Current RARS network (ATOVS)

Potential RARS Africa (ACMAD)

New NOAA sites

Typical Timeliness monitored in Tokyo (JMA) http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/mscweb/data/rars/index.html


Receiving

Processing

Transferring

Overall latency between start of reception and availability in Tokyo through the GTS is of the order of 15-20 minutes in most cases for RARS/ATOVS data Hyperspectral sounding data and imagery data require much higher data rates – telecommunication cost must be justified by user needs.

http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/mscweb/data/rars/index.html

http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/mscweb/data/rars/index.html

When shall this Guide be completed ?

• The draft will serve as a «working reference» for implementing the most mature DBNet services

• Sections on some future services can be finalized later

• It will be a living document

Report at IPET-SUP-1 and at CGMS-43 (May 2015)

Complete draft by June

Presentation to ITSC-20 (October 2015)

Ready for OPAG-ISS, 1st half 2016 and CBS 2nd half 2016



Highlight of conclusions/actions of CG meeting (1/2)

• Agreed a number of actions to consolidate the current RARS network and improve the availability of products in the WIS

• Station operators are encouraged to give higher priority to NOAA-18 than NOAA-15 in reception scheduling (given the shift of ECT).

• The US DBRTN project is expected to become a major component of DBNet and considerably expand the coverage in X-Band services, through close cooperation between NOAA and EUMETSAT

• Several other operators are in the process of introducing Suomi NPP (with X-band capabilities) and FY-3 MW

• CG took a number of actions to support the expansion to new services

• The Guide to DBNet will clarify processing, coding, dissemination practices to comply with agreed specifications


Highlight of conclusions/actions of CG meeting (2/2)

• Operators to complete registration of products with WIS

• Liaise with CGMS TT on Metadata to ensure definition of discovery metadata for regional satellite products

• Liaise with APSDEU-NAEDEX (next meeting Oct. 2015) to jointly formulate a request for data exchange through the WIS, specifying originating centers, NWP users, data profile, volume and timeliness

• Provide feedback to CGMS WG I regarding impact of new polarization approach for FY-3

• Implement the new branding approach for DBNet

• Finalize the first draft of the DBNet Guide by June 2015


Highlight of conclusions/actions of CG meeting

• The group endorsed the concept of the DBNet Coordination Group replacing the RARS Implementation Group, and reviewed the draft Terms of Reference. The Coordination Group should meet annually and hold virtual meetings as necessary.

Questions ? Comments ?

Reserve Slides

Initial WMO RARS concept and objective

• Sharing polar-orbiting satellite data received by a collection of Direct Readout stations distributed around the world

• Dissemination by the WMO GTS or otherwise (DVB-S broadcast)

• Ensuring data consistency by common pre-processing software (AAPP), common product definition, common coding and filenaming, and quality monitoring

• Initial objective: ATOVS sounding data (L1b) from NOAA and Metop series over 90% of the globe available on the GTS in 30 min

ATOVS= HIRS, AMSU-A, AMSU-B, MHS


Background (1/4): Workshops and Implementation Group

• In 2001, EUMETSAT initiated the EUMETSAT ATOVS Retransmission Service (EARS) project to improve timeliness/availability of ATOVS data in Europe

• WMO Global RARS workshops in Dec 2004, Dec 2005, Sept 2006:

– Discussed the requirements for a global ATOVS retransmission service

– Planned and initiated a RARS in Asia-Pacific through APSDEU discussions

– Planned and initiated a RARS in South America through RA III discussion

– Established a RARS Implementation Group

• RARS Implementation Group meetings (often joint with IGDDS IG)

– July 2007: agreed file naming convention, BUFR identifiers, data categories/subcategories

– May 2008: implementation plan for global coverage, software (AAPP)

– Feb 2009: guidance for filling gaps, monitoring

– Mar 2010: plan for extension to hyperspectral sounders, user outreach (RARS Poster at ITSC-17, Monterey)


Background (2/4) : Collocated meetings

• May 2011: RARS ad-hoc meeting at APSDEU-NAEDEX in Boulder

– Monitoring and operational coordination issues

– Extension to hyperspectral sounders and FY-3 sensors

– Need more feedback from ITWG

• March 2012: RARS Technical Subgroup at ITSC-18 (Toulouse)

– RARS/ATOVS products are used by an increasing number of NWP centres

– Supported the extension of RARS to advanced sounders of METOP, NPP and FY-3

– Stressed that RARS products should be as close as possible to the global products

– Defined a roadmap for integrating METOP/IASI and NPP/CrIS

• Oct 2012: RARS IG-6 at Exeter, collocated with APSDEU-NAEDEX

– Reviewed the roadmap for integrating IASI and CrIS,

– Outstanding coding issues

– Discussed data volumes and dissemination issues


Background (3/4) : interest from CGMS and NOAA

• July 2013: CGMS-41 (Tsukuba) discussed RARS and the NOAA DB initiative

– Action 41.17: CGMS members to nominate representatives in the Task Team to work on RARS related aspects

– Action 41.54: NOAA and WMO to discuss the relation of the Direct Broadcast Data Initiative (see NOAA-WP-13) to RARS, and how RARS can take advantage of this initiative


Background (4/4): ITSC-19

• April 2014: RARS Technical Subgroup at ITSC-19 (Jeju)

– Action: NOAA to review what is needed in BUFR format for CrIS, ATMS and IASI and determine if they could use AAPP BUFR (i.e. RARS format) instead of NCEP BUFR

– Action: NOAA to send samples of NCEP BUFR data to Nigel Atkinson

– Action: WMO will inform the group on the data rates supported by the GTS links

– Action: SSEC, NOAA, EUMETSAT, WMO should coordinate on data formats, software versions, and latency requirements and come up with a plan to provide the DBRTN products for inclusion in RARS

– Action: The draft Guide on RARS which defines the RARS procedures, software, formats, data exchange convention, service requirements, etc. should be finalized, published, and shared widely with potential data providers

– Action: There is a need for reactivating the RARS Implementation Group within WMO with a broader scope to include NOAA DBRTN


Draft Outline

1. Introduction

2. DBNet Overview – Definition, Justification and benefits

– High-level specification

3. DBNet Network Management – Coordination

– Monitoring

– User information

4. Common DBNet Standards and Recommended Practices – Acquisition

– Product Processing

– Product Coding & Format

– DBNet Product Registration and Distribution

5. Specific Standards for Groups of DBNet Services – IR/MW sounding

– IR/VIS imaging service

– High Resolution Sounding

– Scatterometry

6. Conclusion

Annexes DRARS IPET-SUP-1, 16-19 March 2015 24

DBNet Components

Regional Network Regional

Node

Sub-regional

network

Sub-regional

Node

DBNet - Europe EUMETSAT

DBNet - Asia-Pacific BOM DBNet – Asia

Pacific/North

JMA

DBNet – Asia

Pacific/South

BoM

DBNet- South

America

DBNet - South

America/North

INPE

DBNet - South

America/South

SMN Argentina

DBNet – North

America

NOAA


DBNet is composed of regional and sub-regional networks with each a DBNet

Network Manager and an Operational Point of Contact.

A global monitoring of product consistency is performed by the NWPSAF

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