developing softwareformobilesandtablets

Developing Software for Future Technologies (Tablets and Mobile phones)

Atul Nene ([email protected])

Symphony Services (www.symphonysv.com)

2009© Symphony Services Corp. | Proprietary & Confidential 2011© Symphony Services Corp.

Target Audience

• General Users, Students

• Non developers, non technical persons

• Beginner to Intermediate level developers and designers

• Entrepreneurs with Mobile Product/App plans

• Everyone curious about this whole ‘Mobile’ thing

Show of hands

2


About Symphony Services

• Part of the Symphony Software Technology Group

• Global presence, Engineering concentrated in Bangalore, Pune and Gurgaon

• Work on large variety software technologies, have ‘Centers of Excellence’

• Work with large number of marquee clients from startups to Fortune 500

• Special focus on Innovation: ‘Chairman’s Award for Innovation’ given every year.

• Work environment that fosters talent and professionalism and blends with a ‘fun’ culture

• Mobile Achievements: – Intellectual Property owners of cross platform mobile application development platform

for enterprise applications

– Hundreds of Native stand-alone apps, cross-platform HTML5 apps, Smartphone frontend for Cloud applications on all mobile platforms

– Worlds First Mobile Client Application for Google Health™ on Android platform published on Android Marketplace

3


About Me

• MCS from University of Pune

• 15+ years of work experience

• Work as an Engineering Manager

• Lead teams that build end (Sensor) to end (Server) products on Android, iPhone and Blackberry

• Student of Hindustani Classical Music

• Twitter: @atulnene

• Personal Blog: www.atulnene.com

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http://www.atulnene.com/


Table of Contents

• The Future is Here, Now

• Focus on the Users and their Experience

• How Mobile is different

• Input Methods, Sensors, Security

• Quick overview of Developing for Mobile

• Case Study – Smart Traveller

• Ideas

• Fun Quiz and Prizes to be won along the way !

• Dwell on some #Gyan as takeaway …

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Fun Quiz #1

What is the number of mobile phone users in India • 13.5 million

• 330 million

• 865 million

• 1 billion

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Fun Quiz #1

What is the number of mobile phone users in India • 13.5 million

• 330 million

• 865 million

• 1 billion

As of August 2011: 865 million (Source Wikipedia)

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The Future is Here, Now

• Total number of Mobile Subscribers has CAGR 62% during 2004-05 and 2009-10 and a forecast of CAGR 28% through 2013-14

• More growth in Rural areas than Urban:

– 100% penetration in urban areas – near saturation

– 33% handsets of 108M sold in Rural areas in 2009-10

• Handset manufacturing strategies have redesigned their distribution strategies with Rural focus

– Entry level handsets will continue to drive volumes

– Smartphones will outpace the industry growth, as cost go down: color and camera phones cost Rs.1000 today

• Handset sales in Rural market to grow at CAGR 19% through 2014

Source : RNCOS Report on “Booming Rural Mobile Market in India” http://www.rncos.com/Market-Analysis-Reports/Booming-Rural-Mobile-Market-in-India-IM306.htm

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http://www.rncos.com/Market-Analysis-Reports/Booming-Rural-Mobile-Market-in-India-IM306.htm




















Source : RNCOS Report on “Booming Rural Mobile Market in India” http://www.rncos.com/Market-Analysis-Reports/Booming-Rural-Mobile-Market-in-India-IM306.htm

0200400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

Mobile Subscribers (Million)

Mobile Subscribers(Million)

01020304050607080

Handset Sales in Rural Areas (Million)

Handset Sales in RuralAreas (Million)

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• the number of people in the world today 7 billion

• the number of people with mobile devices today... 3.4 billion

• globally, the number of mobile internet users today 1.3 billion

"The future is already here – it’s just not evenly distributed.“ – William Gibson

Technology should not only be accessible but inclusive and available to everyone...

it’s about people not devices 10



Source: Morgan Stanley ‘The Mobile Internet Report Key Themes’ www.ms.com/techresearch

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Fun Quiz #2

What was the weight of the world’s first mobile phone

(DynaTAC 8000x by Motorola in 1973)

• 100 grams

• 500 grams

• 1 kg

• 1.2 kg

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Fun Quiz #2

What was the weight of the world’s first mobile phone

(DynaTAC 8000x by Motorola in 1973)

• 100 grams

• 500 grams

• 1 kg

• 1.2 kg

1 kg (Source Wikipedia) 14


Needs & Drivers

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• People need online, offline, personalized apps

• Optimized utilization of mobile device

• Large mobile user base

• Smartphone (portable devices) has become

integrated part of life, diminishing dependence on

desktop PC

• Perfect confluence of market and technology trends

• Innovative apps, solutions around mobile phone to

increase ARPU


#Gyan

{User Experience

is everything}

If your product doesn’t serve the Users need, its not a product. If your user doesn't love your product, you soon

don’t have a product.

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You have to ask the User

You think the user wants this:

Source: Modelling

theMobile

UserExperience, by bryan rieger

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You have to ask the User

While the user wants this:

Source: Modelling

theMobile

UserExperience, by bryan rieger

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Do you know your User ?

• A private device used in highly different mostly public contexts

• Usage varies by geography

• Easily distracted users

A very different kind of user

Lets meet a few of them …

And see how they will use their mobiles …

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Huge Market, Diverse Users

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Festival Revellers

21

Lyrics

of

Aarti

Tide

Details How much

time-gap

between the

next-in-line

mandal ?

When is the

procession

supposed to end

according to the

Almanac ?

Traffic

Diversions ?


Shoppers in Chennai

22

Shopping

List

Best Deal

on the

Road ?

Which shop

has a

matching

stole ?


Sports fans

23

When was

his last

century ?

I should

SMS-

Checkin

into my

flight

Which is

the fastest

gate out

of this

crowd ?


Democracy participants

24

Refer a

particular

day’s

proceeding Lookup

details of a

particular

law

Refer

leader’s

previous

speech

File a news

report with

video

Give input to

a VIP security

management

system


Democracy Improvers

25

Search for

Anna

Hazare caps

and T-shirts

nearby

Which is the

nearest place

to eat ?

Pledge

support on

Anna

Hazare’s

website

Closer look

at what’s

happening on

the dais …


Consumers of services

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Which is

the next

connecting

train ?

Order a

samosa

from the

pantry car


Chaandrayaan-1 launch observers

27

Live, real-

time

updates of

the launch.

Live

update to

photo blog

from venue

When’s the

next bus

back home.


Art Lovers

28

More

information on

the Performing

Artist

Live-tweet

the event

updates

Book ticket

for next day

Add event to

my calendar


The Worker Bees

29

Current market

prices for my

catch ?

Notify the buyer of

catch size, type.

Weather

and safety

information

USE GPS

information

overlaid on

map to stay

close to shore


The Worker Bees

30

When is it

going to

rain next ?

Availability

of fertilizers

in the market

Why didn’t

the laborers

turn up yet ?


#Gyan

{Mobile = 7th

Mass Media}

The first 6 are 1. Printing Press, 2.Recordings, 3. Cinema, 4.Radio, 5.Television, 6.The Internet

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#Gyan

{Mobile Is The ONLY

Mass Medium That Can

Do EVERYTHING The

Previous Six Can Do}

Again: 1. Printing Press, 2.Recordings, 3. Cinema, 4.Radio, 5.Television, 6.The Internet

To connect to users, local language is extremely important.

Source: Garrett Murray, Web 2.0 Expo — New York, September 16, 2008

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5 UNIQUE BENEFITS

1. First truly personal mass media – e.g. Ever heard of a shared individual mobile number ?

2. First always-on mass media – Information is always available 24/7, even when idle

3. First always-carried mass media – Most people sleep with their phones within reach

4. Only mass media with a built-in payment channel – Vote for Indian Idol over SMS (and spend Rs. 10)—many more

people have phones than credit cards

5. Offers point of thought – Ability to create or consume content whenever the mood strikes

Source: Garrett Murray, Web 2.0 Expo — New York, September 16, 2008

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#Gyan

{Mobile != Phone}

Mobile presents an opportunity to invent new ways for users to interact with information.

34


Urban Mobile Users

• Mobile users live in a 360°environment – Short attention span

– Difficult to multi-tasking, easy to get lost (“waste time”)

– Sudden interruptions

– Momentary social context

– Need to Tweet or send directly to Facebook, Digg etc.

• Mobile users move around a lot – ride a bike, drive a car, walk around a shopping mall, store

• Mothers use mobile as family device – Entertain, Plan, Share

– Apps for Kids

– Shopping and other lists

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Urban Mobile Users

Source: How smartphone owners describe their phones. Pew Internet & American Life Project, Jul 11, 2011, http://pewinternet.org/Infographics/2011/Smartphones.aspx , accessed on Dec 7, 2011.

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http://pewinternet.org/Infographics/2011/Smartphones.aspx

http://pewinternet.org/Infographics/2011/Smartphones.aspx


Urban Mobile Users

Source: Generations 2010: What different generations do online. Pew Internet & American Life Project, Dec 16, 2010, http://pewinternet.org/Infographics/2010/Generations-2010-Summary.aspx, accessed on Dec 7, 2011.

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http://pewinternet.org/Infographics/2010/Generations-2010-Summary.aspx







#Gyan

{Mobile = 30 sec

PC/Tab = 30 min}

Most people do small unplanned tasks on mobile and planned longer tasks on PCs and Tablets.

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Mobile is different

Complex Multiple Relationships

Source: Rachel Hinman @ Adaptive Path

Objects Relationships

Objects

People Semantic People

Places Social Places

Things Spatial Things

Temporal

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Mobile is different

• The same apps will need to look and work differently on the mobile – the UI takes up the whole screen!

• Relatively small screen, but varying sizes, resolutions – Pixel sizes vary, 2 orientations

– Image magnification is a problem – 9 patch

– Limited fonts

– Peculiar problems like sun-blind screen

• ‘Glanceability’ of data: multiple screens, widgets

• Bandwidth costs real money

• Search – take 3 times longer than desktop

– Users are more focused on an immediate answer rather than on the breadth of information.

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Mobile is different

• Relatively low power cpu, memory • Many variations, telephony, non-telephony devices • No mouse, minimum keyboard – only (instinctive) Touch

– Opportunity to design for quick usage – Respect the users time: its precious – Lengthy steps/interactions discourage users

• Limited battery life • Multi-purpose, communications focused • Assortment of sensors • Multiple, inconsistent connectivity options in addition to

Telephony: GPS, 3G, Wifi, BlueTooth, NFC (beware of network lag)

• You need to have an Over-The-Air strategy (Product/Application Updates, Data updates)

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Fun Quiz #3

Which is the recently launched device that has a stylus and aims to blur the distinction between a tablet and a phone

• Samsung Galaxy Note

• HTC Chacha

• iBall ‘Arpan’

• None of the Above

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Fun Quiz #3

Which is the recently launched device that has a stylus and aims to blur the distinction between a tablet and a phone

• Samsung Galaxy Note

• HTC Chacha

• iBall ‘Arpan’

• None of the Above

Samsung Galaxy Note

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Do This to Win Users

• Usability Studies are critical success factors: watch people in the real world, paper prototypes, usability testing, user interviews

• Typical mobile devices cannot present a full desktop experience – strategize a functional split, digestion of content is different for each screen

• Adapt to device: exploit features where present, work-around problems otherwise

• Design for network efficiency: zip up data, use structured markup, offload to server, use cache

• Use interlinking of mobile apps: phone number => call

• Make use of historical and real-time analytics and feed it back into the product

• Read public reviews of other products

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Input Methods

Technology Words Per Minute

T9 32

Graffiti/Jot 18

Handwriting 28

Swype 40

PC QWERTY Keyboard 70

Mobile QWERTY Keyboard (Thumbing) 35

Voice Recognition ??

Infra Red Beam Projection 70

• These numbers are subject to User Habituation and may vary across

demographies

• There is scope for more types of input methods, for example application

specific symbol based data input

• Local Indian languages need different solutions than for English

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Sensors, Security

• Sensors and APIs – Interaction Points: Touch, Multi-Touch (custom), Shake

(Accelerometer), Vibration, Voice, GPS, Gyro

– APIs: BlueTooth, Wifi, Telephony, Open-GL, Location, WAP, SMS, SQLite, Camera, Audio, Video, Input Methods, Map

• Security – That connected devices will be hacked, attacked and diverted

is inevitable. The only truly secure device is an unconnected one. Sadly this is not an option. The only solution is education and vigilance for customers and a robust security strategy for product developers.

– O-Auth is highly suited due to its granular approach

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Testing

• Test on as many different devices as you can

• Look for Automation opportunities

• Emulator tests should precede device tests

• Remote Access services like DeviceAnywhere for testing on larger set

• Testing costs more on mobile platforms due to carrier charges

48


Classes of Applications

• Carrier – Mobile Money, Call Management

• Enterprise – Mobile banking, Mobile Data Management

• End Users – Personal Productivity

– Music

– Coupons

– Map based

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Classes of Applications

• Carrier – Mobile Money, Call Management

• Enterprise – Mobile banking, Mobile Data Management

• End Users – Personal Productivity

– Music

– Coupons

– Map based

50


Development Platforms

• iPhone (Objective C)

• Android (Java)

• Symbian (J2ME, C++, Qt)

• Blackberry (J2ME)

• Flash

• Windows Phone 7

• HTML 5

• Bada, BREW, MeeGo

• Web OS

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Platform Distribution

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#Gyan

{Platform =

Stage}

Choose carefully.

The platform is a stage that defines an audience you reach. Likely, you will need to choose multiple platforms.

53


#Gyan

{Fragmentation

=

inability to

“write once and run

everywhere.”}

Choose the platform of the Users of your product/service.

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Design != Development

Source: Modelling theMobile UserExperience, by bryan rieger

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Typical Development Method

• Well rounded team of Designers, Engineers, and QA – If you also have ‘Users’ on your team, you have a winning

combination

• Iterative cycle of Design-Develop-Test-Deploy-Revisit for successive feature sets allowing ‘Fail Forward’

• Use of platform-specific set of development tools, utilities, emulators, and devices

• Platform specific App-Stores, publishing, distribution and payment methods, revenue share, promotions, analytics and feedback mechanisms

• Platform specific monetization opportunities, in-app purchases, ads, freemium

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The Pot of Gold at the end of the Rainbow

1. Wealth Creation / Destruction is Material in New Computing Cycles – Now in Early Innings of Mobile Internet Cycle, the 5th Cycle of Last Half Century.

2. Mobile Ramping Faster than Desktop Internet Did and Will Be Bigger Than Most Think – 5 Trends Converging (3G + Social Networking + Video + VoIP + Impressive Mobile Devices).

3. Apple Leading in Mobile Innovation + Impact, for Now – Depth of App Ecosystems + User Experience + Pricing Will Likely Determine Long-Term Winners.

4. Game-Changing Communications / Commerce Platforms (Social Networking + Mobile) Emerging Very Rapidly.

5. Growth / Monetization Roadmaps Provided by Japan Mobile + Desktop Internet.

6. Massive Data Growth Driving Carrier / Equipment Transitions.

7. Compelling Opportunities in Emerging Markets. 8. Regulators Can Help Advance / Slow Mobile Internet Evolution.

Source: The Mobile Internet Report, Morgan Stanley, 2009

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Case Study – Smart Traveller: Real-Time Tracking System Using GPS

• Objectives

– 1. Assist bus commuters in availing the travelling alternates (prescheduled and real time (if available))

– 2. Accept real time updates from the commuters and make this information available to other commuters (if relevant) with appropriate confidence level

– 3. Predict the shift in time for arrival of the bus(es) with appropriate confidence level

• Technologies used

– Android, JSON, GWT, GAE (cloud), JDO, HTML, CSS

– Database

– App Engine datastore

• Tools Used

– Eclipse IDE, Android Emulator

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Smart Traveller – System Overview

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Smart Traveller – Future Possibilities Ideal project for an NGO that cares about civic issues.

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Future: Pay

for ticket

using NFC

Future: Show

integrated

real-time map

Future: Shortest

route by distance,

time


Smart Traveller – Mobile Client

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Smart Traveller – Server

• ORM

– Object Relational Model

– Database entities modeled using JDO

• Database

– All the modifications to the database are handled

– Triggers, constraints

– Convenience methods

• Queries

– For real time updates, the schedule for each update is calculated

– Output modeled into objects for JSON serialization

• Admin GUI

– Maintain Routes, Buses, Schedules

– Manage Security, Confidence levels,

– Monitor uptime and performance

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Ideas

• Traffic and Transportation – Autorikshaw, Taxi Tariffs

– Traffic updates

– Bus, Train Routes, Schedules, Real Time information

• Image analysis – from a photo to information – QRCode applications

• Data Input Methods for Indic languages – Font support

– Transliteration

– Dictionary

– Integration into applications like SMS

– Voice recognition

• Puzzles, Quiz

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WE have a long way to go …

… to make available, products and services that are highly useful in the local context.

Can you spot the opportunity (s) ?

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Ideas

• Information lookup: App + SMS – All subjects: dictionaries, definitions, short answers – Music, films, reviews, ratings, recommendations – Literacy and linguistics – Health: food, calories, glycemic index, lifestyle habits, exercise, first-aid,

tele-healthcare with mobile outreach – Government office procedures – NGOs and Social Organizations – Almanac

• Advice, Counselling, Helplines over SMS, • Education

– Courseware – Online exams

• Location-aware computing: GPS, Compass, RFID, NFC – Multiplayer games – Augmented reality – Kinect (See Pranav Mistry’s TED talk)

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NFC

Near Field Communication: A short-range wireless standard that allows devices to communicate securely and perform transactions. Eg. Keyless car entry.

Source: Mobile Trends - June 2011, www.space150.com

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http://www.space150.com/


The world is still not in your pocket

Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/williambrawley/4310319103/

69


#Gyan

{SMS=Underutilized}

SMS has maximum reach.

Many Apps can be based purely on SMS.

Carriers need to make SMS more reliable.

70


#Gyan

{„search‟ *follows*

lack of handy

information source}

‘Google It’ is not the answer to every info need. Contents of search results are not always accurate or up-to-date.

Search doesn’t work over SMS. Process of searching and finding is sub-optimal

71


Ideas

• Community work – Map overlays for various places of interest

– Recipes

• Travel – Real time planning using maps and costs and alternatives off

the web

• Calendaring/Meeting Plans

• Group Chats

• Mass Communications – Surveys

– Opinion Polls

72


Global Case Study: Think Mobile, Act Local

• World Watch | May/June 2010 | www.worldwatch.org

• ICT4D: information and communication technologies for development: implementation in Africa

• Application – FrontlineSMS – Farmers co-operative: updates on crop prices

– church group sends reminders about prayer services

– Medic – health outreach - St. Gabriel’s and health clinics in 10 different countries coordinate patient appointments and home visits via SMS.

– Earthquake Response – emergency services

– Report election-related violence and report their location: ushahidi.com

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Resources

• Book: Made To Stick, by Chip & Dan Heath • Book: Simple and Usable Web Mobile and Interaction Design, by

Giles Colborne • Book: Head First Android Development, by Jonathan Simon • Book: Tapworthy, by Josh Clark • Book: Android™ Wireless Application Development, by Shane

Conder, Lauren Darcey • Paper: Mobile App Design Best Practices, For Application

Development & Delivery Professionals, published April 2011, Forrester Research

• mobiledesign.org http://mobiledesign.org/ • WURFL http://wurfl.sourceforge.net • The Mobile Internet Report www.ms.com/techresearch • mobiForge: Mobile Web Development Community

http://mobiforge.com/ • Respective platform developer guides

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http://log.mobiledesign.org/



http://wurfl.sourceforge.net/

http://www.ms.com/techresearch

http://mobiforge.com/

http://mobiforge.com/


I have the answer to all your questions: “It Depends”

Q&A

If you have questions with longer answers, send me email

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