design for emergency response - oilpera.com · design for emergency response workshop methodology...

FABIG, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7QN. Tel: 01344636525 Fax: 01344636570

Workshop Proceedings

DDEESSIIGGNN FFOORR EEMMEERRGGEENNCCYY RREESSPPOONNSSEE The Workshop on “Design for Emergency Response”, held on the 27th of November 2007, included the following presentations:

FIRE FIGHTING PRE PLANNING

Methodology for Demonstrating Effective Fire Fighting Pre Planning on Large Petrochemical Facilities Greg Richardson and Paul Frankland, SembCorp Utilities (UK) Limited

EMERGENCY PLANNING

Emergency Planning for Onshore Gas Developments with High Content of H2S Jan Reier Huse, Scandpower AS

OFFSHORE GAS RELEASE

A Case Study of an Offshore Gas Release – Expect the Unexpected David Piper, Marathon Oil UK Limited

FIRE SYSTEMS INTEGRITY ASSURANCE

The Importance of Fire Systems Integrity Assurance for Effective Emergency Response Niall Ramsden, Resource Protection International

BIO FUELS Safety Issues Concerning the Introduction of Bio Fuels Jeanne van Buren, Rotterdam Port District Fire Services

SYSTEMS CHANGE Systems Change and Effectiveness Reassessment David Johnson, Essex County fire and Rescue Service

The workshop proceedings comprise a summary of the discussions of the breakout sessions and the list of delegates.

For further information on FABIG Technical Meetings or any other FABIG activities please contact:

Julia Hodge SCI Silwood Park Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7QN United Kingdom Telephone: +44 (0) 1344 636 525 Fax: +44 (0) 1344 636 570 E-mail: [email protected]


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Greg Richardson/Paul Frankland SembCorp Utilities (UK) Limited

For further information please contact: Greg Richardson SembCorp Utilities (UK) Limited Tel: +44 (0)1642 212228 Fax: +44 (0)1642 212726 Email: [email protected] Paul Frankland SembCorp Utilities (UK) Limited Tel: +44 (0)1642 212225 Fax: +44 (0)1642 212726 Email: [email protected]

Design for Emergency Response Workshop

Methodology for Demonstrating Effective Fire Fighting Pre Planning on Large Petrochemical Facilities Greg Richardson and Paul Frankland, SembCorp Utilities (UK) Limited, 27th November 2007 1


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H2S

Jan Reier Huse Scandpower AS

For further information please contact: Jan Reier Huse Scandpower AS Tel: + 47 64 84 4469 Fax: + 47 64 84 4411 Email: [email protected]


Emergency Planning for Onshore Gas Developments with High Content of H2S Jan Reier Huse, Scandpower AS, 27th November 2007 1


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David Piper Marathon Oil UK Limited

For further information please contact: David Piper Marathon Oil UK Limited Tel: +44 (0)1244 803018 Fax: +44 (0)1244 803190 Email: [email protected]


A Case Study of an Offshore Gas Release – Expect the Unexpected 1 David Piper, Marathon Oil UK Limited, 27th November 2007


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EEMMEERRGGEENNCCYY RREESSPPOONNSSEE

Niall Ramsden Resource Protection International

For further information please contact: Niall Ramsden Resource Protection International Tel: +44 (0)1296 399311 Fax: +44 (0)1296 395669 Email: [email protected]


The Importance of Fire Systems Integrity Assurance for Effective Emergency Response Niall Ramsden, Resource Protection International, 27th November 2007 1


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Jeanne Van Buren Rotterdam Port District Fire Services

For further information please contact: Jeanne van Buren Rotterdam Port District Fire Services Tel: + 31 10 446 8500 Fax: + 31 10 446 8579 Email: [email protected]


Safety Issues Concerning the Introduction of Bio Fuels Jeanne van Buren, Rotterdam Port District Fire Services, 27th November 2007 1

5-12-20071

SAFETY ISSUES CONCERNING SAFETY ISSUES CONCERNING THE INTRODUCTION OF THE INTRODUCTION OF

BIOBIO--FUELSFUELSEMPHASIS ON TANK STORAGE TERMINALS

Jeanne van Buren

Centre for Industrial SafetyCentre for Industrial Safety

Port District Fire ServicesPort District Fire Services

5-12-20072

TYPES OF BIO-FUELS

BIODIESEL

• B 20 = petrodiesel with 20% biodiesel

• B 100 = 100% biodiesel

BIOPETROL

• Traditional petrol with 5-85% of traditional fuel replaced by bio-ethanol

5-12-20073

BIODIESEL PRODUCTION

O║

H2C – O – C – R1

│ O H2C – OH R1COOCH3

│ ║ │H C – O – C – R2 + ROH H C – OH + . R2COOCH3

│ O [X] ││ ║ H2C – OH R3COOCH3

H2C – O – C – R3

Glyceride Glycerol Mixture of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters(FAME)

ROH = Methanol (sometimes ethanol, propanol or butanol)

X = Catalyst

5-12-20074

COMPOSITION DIESEL

PETRODIESEL

• Long-chain alkaneslike hexadecane

• Benzene• Toluene• Naphthalene

BIODIESEL

• Mixture of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters(FAME)


Safety Issues Concerning the Introduction of Bio Fuels Jeanne van Buren, Rotterdam Port District Fire Services, 27th November 2007 2

5-12-20075

BIODIESEL WHAT HAS CHANGED (1)

• Was suitability of foam tested • Compatibility with plastics, (natural) rubbers,

polyurethane foam materials, paints, and adhesives

• Compatibility with brass, copper, bronze, tin and zinc

• Material storage tank, steel, aluminium and polyethylene should be used

• Biodiesel = biodegradable – thus supports bacterial growth

5-12-20076

BIODIESSEL WHAT HAS CHANGED (2)

• Review additives (biocides, antioxidants)• Limited shelf life – logistical changes• Water in the tank supports deterioration

process (hydrolysis)• Breakdown products have higher viscosity• Tank fire of non polar biodiesel / polar

breakdown products sensitive to boiloverand requires multi purpose foam

5-12-20077

BIOPETROL

• Is pure ethanol stored?• Ethanol slightly more corrosive than

traditional petrol• Usually higher flashpoint than petrol• Compatibility with used materials• Mix of polar and non polar compounds• Was suitability of foam tested for this mix• DIRECTIVE 94/63/EC - vapour control from

storage and its distribution

5-12-20078

DO NOT FORGET!

• Review risks of changes before they are implemented

• Manage information exchange

• Update emergency response plans of the terminal and the authorities


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David Johnson Essex County Fire and Rescue Service

For further information please contact: David Johnson Essex County Fire & Rescue Service Tel: +44 (0)1277 222531 Fax: +44 (0)1277 213542 Email: [email protected]


Systems Change and Effectiveness Reassessment David Johnson, Essex Fire and Rescue Service, 27th November 2007 1

Doing more than we have ever done to keep Essex safe

David Johnson

Chief Fire Officer & Chief Executive

Essex County Fire & Rescue Service


Local Authority Fire &

Rescue Services

Modernising & Managing Change


Changes to theLegislative Landscape


The Fire Services Act 1947

Section 1: Duty of every fire authority….to make provision for fire-fighting purposes, and in particular shall secure:

a. Fire brigade and equipment to meet all normalrequirements;

• Efficient arrangements for giving, when requested, fire safety information.




The Fire Services Act 1947 (cont’d)

Not fit-for-purpose:

• Emergency response duties focused on firefighting



Section 3: The powers of a fire authority shall include power:

(e) To employ the fire brigade for purposes other than fire-fighting for which it appears to the fire authority to be suitable.



Not fit-for-purpose:

• Reactive in relation to fire safety

• ‘Normal’ requirements!


“As we know, there are known knowns.There are things we know we know.We also know there are known unknowns.That is to say we know there are some things we do not

know.But there are also unknown unknowns, the ones we

don’t know we don’t know.”

(Rumsfeld 2003)




•Resource location

•fire safety inspecting

•operational response

•training & development

•appointments

•promotions

•IRMP


The Fire and RescueServices Act 2004

Core functions:Section 6 – Must make provision for promoting fire safety Section 7 – Must make provision for dealing with firesSection 8 – Must make provision for dealing with RTC’sSection 9 – Must make provision for dealing with other

‘emergencies’ (inside and outside FA area):1. Search and rescue events;2. Major flooding incidents; and3. Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear incidents;4. Major transport incidents, including at sea.


Other Substantive Changes

• Removal of response standards

• Introduction of IRMP

• Increased focus on community safety

• Switch in resourcing from intervention to prevention

• Greater focus on performance management


Other Substantive Changes

• Move from prescription to self regulation (RRO)

• Training Systems

• Appointments and promotions




IRMP•incident frequency

•location analysis

•risk-based inspection

•Local determination


Appointment, promotion & training

•skill & knowledge degradation

•age profile

•command experience


Risk & Risk Taking

•physiological factors

•individual experience

•social & gender differences

•age


System Failure?

•Closed systems (Chernobyl, 3 mile Island, Buncefield)

•Open systems (no precise indication of system behaviour)

•That’s why we have a fire & rescue service!




System Failure?

•True emergencies are unpredictable?

•Failure routes are unanticipated


Commerce & Industry?


System Change & the stakeholder?


Your unknown unknowns?




Questions?

Design for Emergency Response Workshop - Summary of the discussions of the breakout sessions

Summary of the discussions of the breakout sessions This section summarises the main comments expressed by delegates during the three breakout sessions. Session 1: Pre-incident planning

• While the current legislation leaves to operators the responsibility of ensuring safety on their facilities, it was felt that companies do not necessarily have adequate expertise internally and that an external input is needed to ensure that pre-incident planning and testing is carried out by competent experts. It was also recognised that pre-incident planning is too often reduced to ticking boxes.

• Scenario based pre-incident planning seems to be the current best method and that all the teams involved in emergency response should be part of the pre-incident planning process (including external bodies). The risks also need to be continually reassessed in the light of changes, ageing of plant and relevant scenarios identified/revised. Testing emergency systems according to the scenarios is essential and that systems are generally not sufficiently tested. Being aware of the limitations of the scenarios is also crucial (e.g. unexpected events such as road closures preventing/delaying external responders’ action).

• Installations should be designed to test emergency response systems as often as necessary.

Session 2: Management of Safety Systems

• The retention of corporate knowledge is a key issue. Plants are ageing and the original design documentation which was often in paper format has not always been converted to electronic format and has therefore been lost. In addition, the more experienced staff members are now at the age of retirement and are leaving. Systems design is also often carried out by a third party without enough involvement of operators. This generally results in a lack of understanding of the original design purpose of systems, therefore preventing effective training and impacting on levels of safety.

• Operators need to develop smart testing regimes to provide assurance that systems will meet their design intent when required while limiting the disturbance to the plant activity.

• The importance of the culture of risk awareness within companies was also recognised. A safety culture has to be promoted by the management and a collaborative approach between operators and the management should be facilitated to develop the safety culture.

• There should be a clearer accountability within companies for documenting knowledge on systems.

Design for Emergency Response Workshop - Summary of the discussions of the breakout sessions

• The use of performance indicators could be a solution to monitor the overall safety

performance of installations and organisations. Such indicators should take into account training, testing and management of change.

Session 3: Reassessment of Safety Systems

• Due to the major organisational changes undergone by the fire services in the UK, operators must take initiative to protect themselves against their own hazards by having the relevant experts and onsite emergency responders. Operators should not make assumptions about the nature of the response from their local fire services in the case of an accident. If they do not hold enough information about the plant hazards to ensure the safety of their personnel, the fire services might just adopt a controlled burn approach rather than active fire fighting. Therefore, industry needs to work in close collaboration with the fire services to provide them with all the information on the site specific hazards for them to be able to respond adequately.

• Testing is the best way to know what can be expected in an emergency response and to identify improvements that can be made.

DELEGATES

Mr G Aanestad Statoil ASA

Mr L Allford European Process Safety Centre (EPSC)

Mr P Almond BASF plc

Mr D Amesz DCMR Milieudienst Rijnmond

Dr W Angst CIBA Inc

Mr T Anthoni Marsh Limited

Mr N Antrobus Baker Risk Europe Limited

Mr N Armao Hydrogen Energy International Limited

Mr J Attridge Liberty International Underwriters

Mr P Broom Pfizer Limited

Mr D Brown Risky Business Limited

Dr B A Burgan The Steel Construction Institute

Mr F Caldelari Zurich Global Corporate Switzerland

Ms S Chan Petrofac Engineering Limited

Mr P Clarke London Underwriting Centre

Mr V Cole Health & Safety Executive

Mr R Cooke BG Group Ltd

Ms J Cooney Risktec Solutions Ltd

Mr C Dave AMEC Group Ltd

Mr M de Gunst Regional Safety Organisation Rotterdam-Rijnmond

Eur Ing C De Souza Health & Safety Executive

Mr K Deveson Pfizer Limited

Mr K Ditsa Marsh Limited

Mr K Doble EEI Consultants Limited

Mr B Docherty Flamerisk Safety Solutions

Mr B Dyer BG Group Ltd

Mr P Endresen Petroleum Safety Authority Norway

Mr D Esslemont Talisman Energy (UK) Ltd

Ms J Etchells Health & Safety Executive

Mr G Faultless EEI Consultants Limited

Mr A Feldman Fulcrum Consultants

Mr J Felton AON Limited

Mr J Foster Atkins

Design for Emergency Response – Registered Delegates

DELEGATES

Dr A Fowler Health & Safety Executive

Ms F Frank Munich Reinsurance Company

Mr P Frankland SembCorp Utilities (UK) Limited (Presenter)

Ms S Gentle The Steel Construction Institute

Mr S Gill QinetiQ

Mr D Glass Vectra Group Limited

Mr A Goddard AIG Europe

Mr R Gowland European Process Safety Centre (EPSC)

Mr D Griffioen ExxonMobil

Ms T Hayward European Process Safety Centre (EPSC)

Mr J Hazeldean Health & Safety Executive

Mr R Hedderman Dublin City Council

Mr J Herbaux Total Petrochemicals

Mr P Hill Hill Consultants Limited

Mr M Hirai Idemitsu International (Europe) plc

Mr C Hodgson Bureau Veritas UK

Mr V Hollas Safetec Nordic AS

Mr A Hume ABS Consulting

Mr J R Huse Scandpower Risk Management A/S (Presenter)

Mr R Hutty Health & Safety Executive

Mr R Jarvis SR International Business Insurance Company Ltd

Mr D Johnson Essex County Fire and Rescue Service (Presenter)

Mr G Johnson Fulcrum Consultants

Mr D Josiah Health & Safety Executive

Mr V Karthigeyan Health & Safety Executive

Dr J Kelman CWA International Consultancy Services

Mr N Ketchell ESR Technology

Mr M Kooij Liberty Gasturbine Holland BV

Mr J Kubben Chemelot BV

Mr J Kuelen Chemelot BV

Ms K Laidler AMEC Group Ltd

Ms R Lam Petrofac Engineering Limited

Mr G Langli Petrell AS

Design For Emergency Response – Registered Delegates

DELEGATES

Mr W Lee Chevron Research & Technology Co.

Mr T Lewis SembCorp Utilities (UK) Limited

Mrs M Linde Scandpower Risk Management A/S

Mr M A Lodola Dublin City Council

Mr A Malik Lloyd's Register

Mr S Marshall Navigators Underwriting Agency Limited

Mr R Martland Health & Safety Executive

Mr W Mason Lloyd's Register

Mr F McCulloch Frazer-Nash Consultancy Limited

Mr E McNeil Risktec Solutions Ltd

Mr S McNulty Safetec Nordic AS

Mr D Murray

Mr P Nalpanis Det Norske Veritas

Mr A Norris Navigators Underwriting Agency Limited

Mr G O'Dwyer Dublin City Council

Mr C O'Martins Poseidon International Limited

Mr K Parker ESR Technology

Mr B Parsons Petrofac Engineering Limited

Dr D Piper Marathon Oil UK Ltd (Presenter)

Mr N Ramsden Resource Protection International (Presenter)

Dr N Ramsden Resource Protection International

Mr P Ramskill ESR Technology

Mr J Reed Atkins

Mr G Richardson SembCorp Utilities (UK) Limited

Dr J L Saw Health & Safety Executive

Mr R J Simpson Health & Safety Executive

Mr C Smith Atkins

Mr J Taveau Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire (IRSN)

Mrs J van Buren Regional Safety Organisation Rotterdam-Rijnmond (Presenter)

Mr G Vannier The Steel Construction Institute

Ms O Verhappen DCMR Milieudienst Rijnmond

Mr G Visser Tyco Safety Products

Ms M Wang BP Exploration


DELEGATES

Ms K Wattie Health & Safety Executive

Mr K Westwood BP Exploration

Mr T Whitehead Health & Safety Executive

Mr R Wighus SINTEF

Dr S Yasseri Kellogg Brown & Root

Mr M Yates Petrofac Engineering Limited

Mr T Yip-Hoi Gaz de France Britain


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