data dictionary 2

7/31/2019 Data Dictionary 2

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DATA

DICTIONARY

BY

OMER KHAN


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WHY DATABASE CAME INTO

EXISTENCE?Because..

When We Use Architecture R1,Mainframe

Manufacture By IBM And ProgrammingLanguage Used Cobol. In This Data Was Stored

In FILES Not In DB.

Drawback Is Writing & Reading A FILE.

In R2 ,DB2 Came To Existence And We Are

Following Same DB2(R3).


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WHAT IS SAP/R3?

SAP Is System Applications And Products In DataProcessing Developed By German Company In1972 In Walldorf.RStands For Real Time Data

Processing And 3 Stands For Three-TierArchitecture.

ADVANTAGES

Functionality. Flexible Structure.

Real Time Integration.

Enterprise Wide Integration.


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SAP R/3 ARCHITECTURE

DATA BASE DATA BASE DATA BASE

PRESENTATIONSERVER

APPLICATIONSERVER

DATA BASESERVER

This IsLocation of DB


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DATA DICTIONARY

The ABAP Dictionary Centrally Describes And

Manages. All The Data Definitions Used In The

System.(TXN SE11)

It Is completely integrated in the ABAPWorkbench.

It supports The Definition Of User-Defined Types

(data elements, structures and table types). You can also define the structure of database

objects (tables, indexes and views) in the ABAP

Dictionary.


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TYPES OF DICTIONARY

OBJECTS.


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Tables Are The Entities Whose Information Is

Stored In a Data Base.

Information Stored In Tables In The Form Of

Rows & Columns.

Tables Are Client Independent or Dependent

Based Upon The Client.

TABLES


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TYPES OF TABLES:

1)Transparent Table.

2)Pooled Table.3) Cluster Table.


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TYPES OF TABLES

Transparent Table: Transparent Table do exits withthe same structure both in dictionary as well as in thedatabase.

In this both transaction and master data are stored.This is

one to one relationship. Pool table: Pooled tables can be used to store control

data (e.g. screen sequences, program parameters ortemporary data). Several pooled tables can be combinedto form a table pool. The table pool corresponds to aphysical table on the database in which all the records ofthe allocated pooled tables are stored.

Cluster table:Cluster tables contain continuous text, forexample, documentation. Several cluster tables can becombined to form a table cluster.


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Pool or cluster tables are special tables that are

used to store the data from different tables. This is

many to one relationship.

EXAMPLE:Transparent tables stores

individually in data base.

Tables


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Pooled or Cluster Tables

Assigning Different tables in one pooled is called

pooled table or cluster table.

Tables

Pooled (or) Cluster

Table


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FOREIGN KEY

Foreign key: It is relationship between two

tables.Join two tables with the help of key fields.

Example:

Foreign key


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TECHNICAL SETTINGS

The technical settings are used to individually

optimize the storage requirements and accessing

behavior of database tables.

1. Data Class

2. Size Category

3. Buffering

4. Log Data Changes


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BUFFERING TYPES

Single Record Buffering:Individual records of

tables with single-record buffering are managed in

the single-record table buffer TABLP.

Generic And Full table Buffers:Generic table areas

or full tables are managed in the generic/full table

buffer TABL.


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EXAMPLE

F1 F2 F3 F4

A 01

A 02

A 03

B 01

Single buffer

Fully buffer

Generic buffer


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LOG DATA CHANGES

Modifications to the entries of a table can be recorded and

stored using logging.

To activate logging, the corresponding field must be

selected in the technical settings.

Logging, however, only will take place if the R/3 System

was started with a profile containing parameter 'rec/client'.

Only selecting the flag in the ABAP Dictionary is notsufficient to trigger logging.

Log data Changes are saved in CDPOS & CDHDR tables.


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DOUBLE CLICK DOMAIN

TO CREATE


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TECHNICAL SETTINGS


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3) Help view: It can be used as selection method in

search helps. creating online help.

4) Maintenance views:Maintenance views provide

you with a business oriented view of the data.

which allows you to maintain data in a view and atthe database tables at the same time using

transaction SM30.


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2) Structure Type:

Structured types describe the structure andfunctions of any structured data objects, that is of

data structures with components of any type.

A component can be a field with an elementary

type or can itself be a structure. A table can also

be used as a component in a structure.

A database table always has a structure and istherefore implicitly a structured type. However,

the fields of a database table can only have an

elementary type.


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A Structure is similar to a Table that do nothave any contents. It is like Table or Viewwithout any records.

The basic difference between Structure andthe Table is that the Structure does not exist

at the underlying data base level. Structureexists as Definition in the Dictionary.


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SEARCH HELPS

Search help is input help (F4 help) which is a

standard function of the R/3 System.

A search help exit is a function module that hasa predefined interface.

Each search help exit must have the same

interface as function moduleF4IF_SHLP_EXIT_EXAMPLE.

All the interface parameters defined here are

mandatory.


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LOCK OBJECTS

These types of objects are used for locking the

access to database records in table.

This mechanism is used to enforce data integritythat is two users cannot update the same data at

the same time.with lock object you can lock table-

fields or whole table.

Two function modules are used for locking

(ENQUEUE) and unlocking (DEQUEUE).


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2)Shared lock: In this more than one user can

read the same data at the same time.

when the user changes the data then anotheruser can no longer access this data other user

cannot set exclusive lock when shared lock in

progress.

3)Exclusive but not cumulative:It can be allowed

only once in the same transaction.

It cannot be allowed more than once like exclusivelock on the same transaction.

Request for this lock cannot be accepted if the

exclusive lock is already set on the transaction.


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