contrasting projections from the 2011-2012 euwood study ...comparative assessment of wood biomass...
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Comparative assessment of wood biomass
for energy in Europe
Contrasting projections from the 2011-2012 EUwood study with the 2013 National Renewable Energy Action Plan progress report
Geneva Timber and Forest Discussion Paper 65
UNITED NATIONS
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
UNECE
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ECE/TIM/DP/65
Forestry and Timber Section, Geneva, Switzerland
GENEVA TIMBER AND FOREST DISCUSSION PAPER 65
Comparative assessment of wood biomass for energy in Europe
Contrasting projections from the 2011-2012 EUwood study with the 2013 National Renewable Energy Action Plan progress report
UNITED NATIONS
New York and Geneva, 2015
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe/ Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
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UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION
ISSN 1020 7228
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CONTENTS I. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................... 2
II. Methodology......................................................................................................................................................... 3
III. Preliminary Evaluation .......................................................................................................................................... 5
IV. Detailed comments on the data provided by the member states in their National Renewable Energy Action Plan progress report 2013 ............................................................................................................................................. 8
I
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I. INTRODUCTION The objective of this study is to compare the estimated figures for 2011-2012 for wood biomass for
energy use from the EUwood study1 with actual data from the National Renewable Energy Action Plan
progress report 2013 (NREAPPR 2013) 2. The reader should be careful to differentiate between the
NREAP itself, which is a plan and the “progress reports” that report progress made towards achieving the
NREAP, based on reporting actual data. Simply stated, the NREAP is a target, the NREAP progress
reports are the measured achievements.
The EUwood study is a joint venture of the University of Hamburg, UNECE/FAO, European Forest
Institute (EFI), Dutch Institute for Forestry and Forest Products (Probos) and Finnish Forest Research
Institute (METLA) financed by the IEE programme of the European Commission. The study creates an
overview on supply and demand of wood resources in the European Union (EU27) and provides data for
2005 and 2007 as well as estimated data for 2010, 2020 and 2030.
The EUwood study presents data in the framework of the Wood Resource Balance developed at the
University of Hamburg, which is structured like a balance sheet (see Figure 1), with supply (wood from the
forest and outside the forest) listed on the left side of the balance sheet. The demand (raw material for the
wood processing industry and for energy) is stated on the right side of the balance sheet. The estimated
figures were developed on the basis of scenarios which are further described in the EUwood
methodology report.3 All figures of the EUwood study are provided in cubic meters m3.
FIGURE 1: EUWOOD STUDY WOOD RESOURCE BALANCE 2010 TO 2030
1 EUwood study: http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/studies/doc/bioenergy/euwood_final_report.pdf 2 NREAP 2013: http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/reports/2013_en.htm 3 EUwood study, methodology report: http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/studies/doc/bioenergy/euwood_methodology_report.pdf
2
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The publication focuses exclusively on data of wood biomass for energy use, which is displayed on the
right side of the balance sheet of the EUwood study (Figure 1: red circle). The estimated figures provided
by the EUwood study for 2011 and 2012 were compared with the figures of wood biomass for energy use
provided by the National Renewable Energy Action Plan progress report 2013 (NREAPPR 2013). The
NREAPPR 2013 provided data for the reference years 2011 and 2012. NREAPPRs are submitted every
two years by each EU member State to the European Commission. Amongst other renewable energy
sources (i.e. solar, wind and hydro) the NREAPPR also provides information about wood biomass used
for energy generation.
In addition to the data from the NREAPPR 2013, data from the Joint Wood Energy Enquiry (JWEE)4,
Eurobserv’ER5, Eurostat6 and IEA7 was consulted for the data checking of the EUwood study.
II. DATA SOURCES AND METHODOLOGY The data comparison refers to the reference years 2011 and 2012. In the EUwood study the quantity of
raw materials used for energy generation is measured in cubic metres (m³).
The NREAPPR 2013 is the only source which provides data on wood biomass supply for energy use in
raw material (m³) and primary energy (toe). Data is presented in table 4 of the NREAPPR 2013. This table
distinguishes between domestic and imported, direct8 and indirect supply. The figures of all categories
were totaled for further comparison (for raw material m³ and primary energy toe).
In the NREAPPR 2013 some member States provided figures for raw materials using other units i.e.
tonnes or joules, which were converted into m3 by applying the conversion factors provided by the
EUwood study. In addition, some member States didn’t provide primary energy figures. When the
appropriate raw material figures were available, the missing primary energy figures were calculated by
using the appropriate factors from the EUwood study to convert them into primary energy figures.
Major adjustments had to be made with data from Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Lithuania,
Romania and Slovenia (see in chapter IV the detailed descriptions of the adjustments). These
adjustments enabled the construction of a uniform dataset of raw material and primary energy for all
countries. The dataset with the adjusted figures is named as “NREAPPR 2013 – recalculated” whereas
the original dataset is named as “NREAPPR 2013 – original”.
4 JWEE: The Joint Wood Energy Enquiry is a reporting tool of the UNECE/FAO Forestry and Timber Section which is unique in its approach of bringing together information on wood assortments (forestry statistics) by wood energy consuming sectors (energy statistics). 5 Eurobserv’ER: http://www.energies-renouvelables.org/observ-er/stat_baro/observ/baro219_en.pdf 6 Eurostat: http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=nrg_107a&lang=en 7 IEA: http://www.iea.org/Sankey/index.html 8 Wood biomass taken straight from forests and other wooded land for direct use as energy.
3
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The Eurobserv’ER provides data on “primary energy production and inland consumption of solid biomass(mostly wood but also minor amounts of green or animal waste) in the European Union in 2011” andestimated figures for 2012. The provided figures are primary energy figures, which are measured in toe.
Eurostat provides domestic consumption of “solid biofuels (excluding charcoal)” in tonnes of oil equivalents (toe).
The JWEE provided raw material (m³) and primary energy (toe) figures of wood biomass used for energy
generation for the year 2011. Data from 19 member States of the UNECE region are available. Where
available, the provided figures of the JWEE were helpful to benchmark the data quality of the other
sources.
The IEA provides data of the final consumption of “Biofuels and waste”. It is not possible to separate
biofuels from waste data, so this source was excluded from this study.
Please find descriptive information about the data (raw material/primary energy) and units provided by all
sources in Table 1.
TABLE 1: SOURCES THAT PROVIDE RAW MATERIAL AND/OR PRIMARY ENERGY FIGURES
After extracting all figures from the sources mentioned above, data was compared to the figures provided
by the EUwood study. For comparison data was converted into m³ by using the conversion factors of the
EUwood study. For NREAPPR 2013 both raw material data as well as primary energy data (converted to
m³) were used for comparison (see Figure 2).
2011 2012 2011 2012NREAP 2013 (original) NREAP 2013 (original) NREAP 2013 (original) NREAP 2013 (original)NREAP 2013 (recalculated) NREAP 2013 (recalculated) NREAP 2013 (recalculated) NREAP 2013 (recalculated)EUwood study EUwood study - -JWEE - JWEE -
- - Eurobserv'er Eurobserv'er- - Eurostat Eurostat- - IEA -
raw material [m³] primary energy [toe]
4
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FIGURE 2: DATA CHECKINGD PROVIDED BY THE EUWOOD STUDY AND NREAPPR 2013
III. PRELIMINARY EVALUATION AND ADJUSTMENT OF THE DATASET A preliminary comparison of the raw material for 24 EU member States9 for the years 2011 and 2012
indicate that the EUwood volumes (m³) differ from the other sources as follows:
Raw material figures provided by NREAPPR 2013 were +7% in 2011 and +8% in 2012
Eurobserv’ER showed +2% in 2011 and +5% in 2012
Eurostat was +2% in 2011 and +5% in 2012
The primary energy figures (toe) provided by the NREAPPR 2013 were -7% in 2011 and
-5% in 2012. The disparity between higher raw material volumes (m³) and lower primary energy figures
(toe) in NREAPPR 2013 can partly be explained by the use of differing conversion factors; the average
conversion factor of all countries that provided both figures in NREAPPR 2013 (raw material volume in m³
and primary energy output in toe) is 0.199 toe/m3 (the EUwood factor is 0.21 toe/m3).
A more precise evaluation of the conversion factors used in the NREAPPR 2013 revealed that each
country uses its own set of conversion factors, at times with a significant deviation from the conversion
factor provided by the EUwood study and more importantly outside of the scope of variation within various
wood raw materials (Table 3). In general, it appears that there is much work to be done regarding the use
of conversion factors between solid volumetric units (m3) and tonnes of oil equivalent (toe), both at the
9 24 EU member States: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherland, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and UK
5
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country level and within various sectors and reporting agencies within a country. Additionally, it has to be
acknowledged that energy content for a given volume of wood can vary substantially, as a result of
species composition, so it would be useful to gain more insights into the raw materials used to better
ascertain whether or not the factors used were appropriate.
The primary energy figures from NREAPPR 2013 measured in toe appeared more reliable than the raw
materials volumes for some countries. This appeared to be the case in Bulgaria, Latvia, Romania and
Sweden who had primary energy figures within the realm of what was expected but gave figures with
what appeared to be significantly elevated raw material volumes.
To align the data provided by the NREAPPR 2013 a ±15% allowable threshold for conversion factors from
toe to m3 was set. Conversion factors which were within the threshold, from 0.179 to 0.242 toe/m3, were
unchanged, while factors above or below the threshold were substituted by the conversion factor from the
EUwood study (0.21 toe/m3). When the conversion factor was substituted the raw material figure was
recalculated as well. For recalculation the primary energy figure was taken as a base value. This primary
energy figure was converted to raw material (m³) by using the conversion factor of the EUwood study
(0.21 toe/m3). The exceptions (where no adjustments were conducted although the conversion factors
were out of the mentioned threshold), were Austria, Estonia, Finland, France, Lithuania and Malta. These
countries are described further in chapter 4. The adjusted figures are named “NREAPPR 2013 –
recalculated”.
The overall growth rates in the NREAPPR 2013 (original and recalculated), Eurobserv’ER and Eurostat of
wood biomass supply for energy generation from 2011 to 2012 showed a growth of 5 to 7%. In
comparison, the estimated growth rate from the EUwood study showed only 3% (Table 2).
TABLE 2: GROWTH RATE
raw material [m³] primary energy [toe]NREAPPR 2013 (original) 5% 5%NREAPPR 2013 (recalculated) 6% 6%EUwood 3% 3%Eurobserv'ER 6% 6%Eurostat 7% 7%
2011-2012
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TABLE 3: CONVERSION FACTORS OF THE NREAPPR 2013
Conversion factors: m3 to toe
[toe/m³]2011 dev. 2012 dev. 2011 dev. 2012 dev. 2011 dev. 2012 dev.
Austria direct supply 0,197561 -6% 0,197826 -6% 0,183333 -13% 0,200000 -5% - -indirect suppl 0,169892 -19% 0,170000 -19% 0,168627 -20% 0,170175 -19% 0,166667 -21% 0,166667 -21%
Belgium direct supply 0,135445 -36% 0,135500 -35% - - - -indirect suppl 0,146535 -30% 0,146323 -30% 0,146312 -30% 0,146237 -30% 0,238689 14% 0,237289 13%
Bulgaria direct supply 0,090933 -57% 0,090955 -57% - - - -indirect suppl 0,245044 17% 0,245651 17% - - - -
Croatia direct supplyindirect suppl
Czech Repubdirect supply 0,310423 48% 0,310496 48% 0,320000 52% 0,300000 43% 0,333333 59% 0,333333 59%indirect suppl 0,257134 22% 0,264402 26% 0,315476 50% 0,295455 41% 0,303030 44% 0,296296 41%
Denmark direct supply 0,167033 -20% 0,165385 -21% 0,136996 -35% 0,136179 -35% 0,137500 -35% 0,135417 -36%indirect suppl 0,183077 -13% 0,180263 -14% 0,208978 0% 0,208824 -1% 0,209571 0% 0,208609 -1%
Estonia direct supply 0,180509 -14% 0,180372 -14% - - - -indirect suppl - - - - - -
Finland direct supply - - - - - -indirect suppl - - - - - -
France direct supply 0,219394 4% 0,219394 4% - - - -indirect suppl 0,156031 -26% 0,156031 -26% - - - -
Germany direct supplyindirect suppl
Greece direct supply 0,162895 -22% 0,161452 -23% 0,213465 2% 0,169487 -19% 0,215983 3% 0,168232 -20%indirect suppl 0,193049 -8% 0,181293 -14% - - - -
Hungary direct supply 0,179575 -14% 0,179659 -14% 0,207527 -1% 0,214288 2% 0,181240 -14% 0,187900 -11%indirect suppl 0,286630 36% 0,286682 37% 0,286829 37% 0,286440 36% 0,290844 38% 0,286918 37%
Ireland direct supply 0,163934 -22% 0,161702 -23% 0,163636 -22% 0,163500 -22% 0,154440 -26% 0,164835 -22%indirect suppl 0,171329 -18% 0,171849 -18% - - - -
Italy direct supply 0,173163 -18% 0,173163 -18% 0,173078 -18% 0,173259 -17% 0,169064 -19% 0,187758 -11%indirect suppl 0,186995 -11% 0,188915 -10% 0,191849 -9% 0,197301 -6% 0,210546 0% 0,210186 0%
Latvia direct supply 0,160030 -24% 0,160092 -24% - 0,250000 19% - -indirect suppl 0,216691 3% 0,224007 7% 0,285714 36% 0,272727 30% 0,333333 59% 0,259259 23%
Lithuania direct supply - - - - - -indirect suppl - - - - - -
Luxembourg direct supplyindirect suppl
Malta direct supply - - - - - -indirect suppl - - - - - -
Poland direct supply 0,382125 82% 0,382127 82% - - - -indirect suppl 0,301065 43% 0,231492 10% - - - -
Portugal direct supplyindirect suppl
Romania direct supplyindirect suppl
Slovakia direct supply 0,226962 8% 0,226951 8% - - 0,228205 9% 0,227451 8%indirect suppl 0,135865 -35% 0,135926 -35% - - 0,135915 -35% 0,135955 -35%
Slovenia direct supply - - - - - -indirect suppl - - - - - -
Spain direct supply 0,124966 -40% 0,125000 -40% - - - -indirect suppl 0,150032 -29% 0,149966 -29% - - - -
Sweden direct supply 0,199971 -5% 0,198717 -5% 0,191489 -9% 0,205882 -2% 0,203704 -3% 0,192308 -8%indirect suppl 0,174968 -17% 0,172946 -18% 0,203750 -3% 0,201299 -4% 0,202020 -4% 0,200893 -4%
UK direct supply 0,142150 -32% 0,165904 -21% 0,168440 -20% - - -indirect suppl 0,149906 -29% 0,189477 -10% 0,204720 -3% 0,203947 -3% - -
2011 2012Cyprus direct supply 0,1795763 14% 0,17986596 14% 21% 15%
indirect suppl 0,18107908 14% 0,18125324 14% 14% 14%
Netherland direct supply 8% 8%indirect suppl 25% 27%
Average: 0,199454 dev.: deviation of conversion factor from EUwood conversion factorEUwood conversion factor: 0,21 dev. > 15%
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
0,156470338 0,152847137
domestic EU Import non EU Import
0,179996373 0,18018413
2011 20120,193724117 0,193583922
domestic EU & non EU Import2011 2012
0,166666667 0,178912214
0,121993 0,122060 - - - --42% -42%
7
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IV. DETAILED COMMENTS ON THE DATA PROVIDED BY THE MEMBER STATES
IN THEIR NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY ACTION PLAN PROGRESS
REPORT 2013 A detailed overview of the data quality and availability provided through NREAPPR 2013 for all
member States is presented below. The data was benchmarked with other sources (EUwood, JWEE,
Eurobserv’ER and Eurostat) and the conversion factors were checked.
Figures presented in percentage (%) show the deviation of a figure from the original figure of the
NREAPPR 2013. Figures highlighted in red weren’t provided in the original sources but calculated by
the use of the EUwood’s conversion factor (0.21 toe/m³),
Germany, Luxemburg and Portugal did not provide an NREAPPR 2013 (at least in time for this
publication).
8
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Raw
mat
erial
(1,00
0 m3)
Prim
ary e
nerg
y ( 1,
000 t
oe)
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
Aust
ria
2011
24,10
017
,478
-27%
20,10
7-1
7%22
,290
-8%
22,25
7-8
%4,3
303,6
70-1
5%4,8
3712
%4,6
818%
4,674
8%20
1225
,400
17,55
7-3
1%23
,948
-6%
23,90
9-6
%4,6
103,6
87-2
0%5,0
299%
5,021
9%No
tesIn
its N
REAP
PR 20
13, A
ustria
prov
ided a
ll data
exce
pt dir
ect s
upply
of no
n-EU
impo
rts fo
r 201
1 and
2012
. It w
as as
sume
d tha
t ther
e wa
s no i
mpor
t of th
ese
prod
ucts
at thi
s tim
e. Th
e ra
w ma
terial
figu
res
show
n in
their
NREA
PPR
2013
wer
e hig
her t
han
the fi
gure
s pr
ovide
d by
othe
r sou
rces
for 2
011
as w
ell a
s for
201
2. Th
e pr
imar
y en
ergy
figu
res
of the
ir NR
EAPP
R 20
13 w
ere
simila
r com
pare
d to
the
figur
es p
rovid
ed b
y oth
er s
ource
s. Co
mpar
ing a
ll figu
res
the
totale
d ra
w ma
terial
and
prim
ary
ener
gy fig
ures
prov
ided b
y the
EUw
ood s
tudy a
re lo
wer t
han t
he o
ther s
ource
s for
2011
and 2
012.
The c
onve
rsion
facto
rs of
theind
irect
supp
ly sh
owed
ade
viatio
nfro
m the
EUw
oodf
actor
s by a
ppro
ximate
ly 20
% (T
able
3), h
owev
er, th
e pr
ovide
d figu
res w
ere u
sed b
ecau
se of
Aus
tria’s
longs
tandin
g exp
ertis
e with
conv
ersio
n fac
tors.
Belg
ium
2011
9,558
6,142
-36%
7,219
-24%
7,218
-24%
1,449
1,290
-11%
1,516
5%1,5
165%
2012
10,92
46,8
94-3
7%7,2
19-3
4%9,4
44-1
4%1,7
101,4
48-1
5%1,5
16-1
1%1,9
8316
%No
tesIn
its N
REAP
PR 2
013,
Belgi
um p
rovid
ed a
ll data
exc
ept d
irect
supp
ly of
EU a
nd n
on-E
U im
ports
for 2
011
and
2012
. It w
as a
ssum
ed th
at the
re w
as n
o im
port
of th
ese
prod
ucts
at thi
s tim
e. Th
e ra
w ma
terial
figur
es p
rovid
ed b
y the
NRE
APPR
201
3 we
re h
igher
com
pare
d to
the fig
ures
pro
vided
by a
ll othe
r sou
rces f
or 2
011
and
2012
. Th
e pr
imar
y en
ergy
figu
res
were
sim
ilar a
mong
st all
sou
rces
for th
e ye
ars
2011
and
201
2. Th
e co
nver
sion
factor
s of
dome
stic
supp
ly an
d EU
impo
rts s
howe
d a
high
devia
tion (
30 to
36%
) fro
m the
benc
hmar
k (Ta
ble 3)
.
Bulg
aria
2011
9,069
4,120
-55%
4,576
-50%
4,575
-50%
931
865
-7%
961
3%96
13%
2012
9,343
4,258
-54%
6,071
-35%
4,853
-48%
982
894
-9%
1,275
30%
1,019
4%No
tesIn
its N
REAP
PR 2
013,
Bulga
ria p
rovid
ed fig
ures
of d
omes
tic su
pply
for 2
011
and
2012
only
. No
data
was p
rovid
ed fo
r EU
and
non-
EU im
ports
. It w
as a
ssum
ed th
at the
re
were
no im
ports
of w
ood u
sed f
or en
ergy
gene
ratio
n at th
is tim
e. Th
e raw
mate
rial fi
gure
s pro
vided
by th
e NRE
APPR
2013
wer
e twi
ce as
muc
h as t
hose
from
othe
r sou
rces
for 2
011
and
2012
. The
prim
ary e
nerg
y figu
res w
ere
simila
r com
pare
d to
the o
ther s
ource
s for
201
1 an
d 20
12. A
ll con
versi
on fa
ctors
show
ed a
very
high
devia
tion
(up
to 57
%) f
rom
the se
t ben
chma
rk (T
able
3).
Croa
tia
2011
2,270
2,182
477
458
2012
2,304
2,364
484
497
Notes
Due t
o the
outda
ted da
ta pr
ovide
d by C
roati
a (the
y only
prov
ided s
tatist
ics fo
r 200
6), d
ata fr
om th
is co
untry
was
exclu
ded f
rom
this s
tudy
.
Cypr
us
2011
3760
63%
7911
4%57
55%
5549
%7
1390
%11
65%
1280
%12
74%
2012
4568
50%
5726
%42
-8%
814
75%
1247
%9
7%No
tesIn
its N
REAP
PR 2
013,
Cypr
us p
rovid
ed d
ata in
a st
ructu
re th
at dif
fered
from
temp
late
of the
Eur
opea
n Co
mmiss
ion. I
n the
ir tab
le, im
ports
from
EU
and
non-
EU co
un-
tries a
re n
ot dis
tingu
ished
and
the
raw
mater
ial fig
ures
are
repo
rted
in ton
nes.
The
raw
mater
ial fig
ures
wer
e co
nver
ted in
to cu
bic m
eters
m³by
app
lying
the
weigh
t to
volum
e co
nver
sion
factor
from
the
EUwo
od st
udy.
The
raw
mater
ial a
nd p
rimar
y ene
rgy f
igure
s for
2011
pro
vided
by t
he N
REAP
PR 2
013
were
alm
ost h
alf o
f the
figur
es
prov
ided
by o
ther s
ource
s. Th
e fig
ures
for 2
012
also
appe
ared
low,
but
not a
s low
as i
n 20
11. C
onve
rsion
facto
rs we
re a
ll sim
ilar t
o th
e be
nchm
ark E
Uwoo
d fa
ctor.
One
9
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ot for
quoti
ng
Raw
mat
erial
(1,00
0 m3)
Prim
ary e
nerg
y ( 1,
000 t
oe)
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
exce
ption
was
the c
onve
rsion
facto
r of d
irect
supp
ly of
EU an
d non
-EU
impo
rts fo
r 201
1, wh
ich w
as o
utside
of th
e ±15
% al
lowab
le de
viatio
n (Ta
ble 3)
.
Czec
h Re
publ
ic
2011
7,114
8,084
14%
9,056
27%
9,329
31%
9,336
31%
2,030
1,698
-16%
1,872
-8%
1,959
-3%
1,961
-3%
2012
7,357
8,340
13%
9,795
33%
9,794
33%
2,124
1,751
-18%
2,057
-3%
2,057
-3%
Notes
The
Czec
h Re
publi
c pro
vided
all r
eque
sted
data
of the
NRE
APPR
201
3, ho
weve
r, the
raw
mater
ial fig
ures
pro
vided
by t
he N
REAP
PR20
13 w
ere
lower
by t
he fa
ctor o
f 10
00. T
he fi
gure
s we
re c
orre
cted
by m
ultipl
ying
the N
REAP
PR fi
gure
s by
100
0, wh
ich m
ade
the d
ata fr
om a
ll sou
rces
reas
onab
ly clo
se. F
or20
11 th
e ra
w ma
terial
fig
ures
of t
he N
REAP
PR 2
013
were
14-
31%
lowe
r com
pare
dto
the o
ther s
ource
s. Th
e pr
imar
y en
ergy
figu
res
for 2
011
were
slig
htly
highe
r (up
to 1
6%) a
t the
NRE
-AP
PR 2
013
comp
ared
to th
e fig
ures
pro
vided
by t
he o
ther s
ource
s. Fo
r 201
2 ra
w ma
terial
figur
es p
rovid
ed b
y the
NRE
APPR
201
3 we
re lo
wer c
ompa
red
to the
othe
r so
urce
s (1
3-33
%).
The
prim
ary
ener
gy fi
gure
s we
re s
imila
r amo
ng th
e NR
EAPP
R 20
13, E
urob
serv’
ERan
d Eu
rosta
t. Th
e pr
imar
y en
ergy
figu
res
prov
ided
by th
e EU
-wo
od st
udy f
or 2
012
were
18%
lowe
rcom
pare
d to
the fig
ures
pro
vided
by t
he o
ther s
ource
s. Al
l con
versi
on fa
ctors
were
outs
ide o
f the
±15
% a
llowa
ble d
eviat
ion (T
able
3).
Denm
ark
2011
10,63
29,0
37-1
5%7,3
91-3
0%11
,352
7%11
,353
7%1,8
831,8
981%
1,528
-19%
2,384
27%
2,384
27%
2012
11,49
49,1
95-2
0%11
,776
2%11
,777
2%2,0
321,9
31-5
%2,4
7322
%2,4
7322
%No
tesDe
nmar
k pro
vided
a co
mplet
e da
taset
in its
NRE
APPR
201
3. H
owev
er, a
ll raw
mate
rial fi
gure
s wer
e pr
ovide
d in
tonne
s. To
ens
ure
unifo
rmity
, the
raw
mater
ial fig
ures
we
re co
nver
ted fr
om to
nnes
to m
³ by a
pplyi
ng th
e co
nver
sion
factor
pro
vided
by t
he E
Uwoo
d stu
dy. F
urthe
rmor
e all
raw
mater
ial fig
ures
wer
e mu
ltiplie
d by
100
0 aft
er a
co
mpar
ison
with
the o
ther s
ource
s re
veale
d tha
t data
pro
vided
in th
e Da
nish
NREA
PPR
2013
was
app
roxim
ately
1/100
0thof
the o
ther s
ource
s (a
com
mon
misu
nder
-sta
nding
in n
ation
al re
portin
g). F
or 2
011
the fi
gure
s pr
ovide
d by
the
EUwo
od s
tudy
were
15%
lowe
r tha
n the
figu
res
of the
NRE
APPR
201
3 wh
ile th
e fig
ures
of t
he
Euro
bser
v’ER
and
Euro
stat w
ere
7% h
igher
. For
201
2 the
raw
mater
ial fi
gure
s of
the N
REAP
PR 2
013
were
sim
ilar t
o the
figu
res
of Eu
robs
erv’E
Ran
d Eu
rosta
t. Th
e fig
ures
of th
e EU
wood
stud
y wer
e 20%
lowe
r. Th
e pr
imar
y ene
rgy f
igure
s for
2011
and 2
012
prov
ided b
y the
NRE
APPR
2013
wer
e sim
ilar t
o the
figur
es pr
ovide
d by t
he
EUwo
od st
udy.
Prim
ary e
nerg
y figu
res p
rovid
ed b
y Eur
obse
rv’ER
and
Euro
stat w
ere
22-2
7%hig
her t
han
figur
es o
d the
NRE
APPR
201
3 for
both
201
1 an
d 201
2. W
ith a
devia
tion o
f 20 t
o 36
% fr
om th
e ben
chma
rk, al
l con
versi
on fa
ctors
of the
dire
ct su
pply
were
outsi
de o
f the ±
15%
allow
able
devia
tion (
Table
3).
Esto
nia
2011
4,481
3,314
-26%
4,565
2%3,7
81-1
6%3,7
81-1
6%65
269
67%
945
45%
794
22%
794
22%
2012
4,825
3,364
-30%
3,876
-20%
3,875
-20%
601
706
18%
814
35%
814
35%
Notes
In its
NRE
APPR
201
3 Es
tonia
prov
ided
data
for d
omes
tic su
pply
only.
No
data
was p
rovid
ed fo
r imp
orts
(EU
and
non-
EU).
It wa
s ass
umed
that
there
was
no
impo
rt of
wood
use
d for
ene
rgy g
ener
ation
at t
his tim
e. In
add
ition,
a ne
w ca
tegor
y nam
ed “i
nclud
ing ch
ips” w
as fo
und
unde
r dire
ct su
pply
but w
as e
xclud
ed u
nder
the
assu
mp-
tion
that i
t was
alre
ady
includ
ed in
the
volum
es lis
ted fo
r dire
ct su
pply.
Fur
therm
ore
it wa
s no
ticed
that
Eston
ia pr
ovide
d ra
w ma
teria
l figu
res
for in
direc
t sup
ply fr
om
dome
stic
sour
ces
but n
o pr
imar
y en
ergy
figu
res.
The
miss
ing p
rimar
y en
ergy
figu
res
were
sep
arate
ly ca
lculat
ed b
y co
nver
ting
the p
rovid
ed ra
w ma
terial
figu
res
into
prim
ary
ener
gy fi
gure
s by
app
lying
the
EUwo
od c
onve
rsion
facto
r. Th
e ra
w ma
terial
figu
res
prov
ided
by th
e NR
EAPP
R 20
13 fo
r 201
1 an
d 20
12 w
ere
16-3
0% h
igher
tha
n the
figu
res
prov
ided
by th
e oth
er s
ource
s. Th
e pr
imar
y en
ergy
figu
res
for 2
011
were
sim
ilar t
o the
figu
re p
rovid
ed b
y the
EUwo
od s
tudy.
Prim
ary
ener
gy fi
gure
s
10
Draft n
ot for
quoti
ng
Raw
mat
erial
(1,00
0 m3)
Prim
ary e
nerg
y ( 1,
000 t
oe)
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
prov
ided
by th
e JW
EE, E
urob
serv’
ERan
d Eu
rosta
t wer
e 22
-45%
high
er co
mpar
ed to
the
figur
es p
rovid
ed b
y the
NRE
APPR
201
3. Th
e pr
imar
y ene
rgy f
igure
s pro
vided
by
the
NREA
PPR
2013
for 2
012
were
18-3
5%low
er co
mpar
ed to
the
other
sour
ces.
It wa
s ass
umed
that
this w
as a
resu
lt of t
he m
issing
prim
ary e
nerg
y figu
res o
f the
ind
irect
supp
ly. T
he co
nver
sion f
actor
s for
the d
irect
supp
ly fro
m do
mesti
c sou
rces w
ere w
ithin
the ±
15%
allow
able
devia
tion (
Table
3).
Finl
and
2011
36,36
934
,357
-6%
36,35
70%
36,15
7-1
%36
,158
-1%
7,638
7,215
-6%
7,601
0%7,5
93-1
%7,5
93-1
%20
1238
,240
34,31
5-1
0%37
,833
-1%
37,80
4-1
%8,0
307,2
06-1
0%7,9
45-1
%7,9
39-1
%No
tesIn
its N
REAP
PR 2
013
Finlan
d pr
ovide
d all
raw
mater
ial fi
gure
s in
terajo
ule. T
hese
figu
res
were
con
verte
d int
o cu
bic m
eters
byap
plying
the
conv
ersio
n fac
tor o
f the
EU
wood
stud
y. Pr
imar
y en
ergy
figu
res
were
not
prov
ided
but c
alcula
ted b
y tak
ing th
e ob
taine
d ra
w ma
terial
figu
res
as b
ase
value
s an
d co
nver
ting
them
into
prim
ary
ener
gy fi
gure
s. Th
e ra
w ma
terial
figu
res
prov
ided
by th
e NR
EAPP
R 20
13 fo
r 201
1 an
d 20
12 w
ere
simila
r com
pare
d to
data
from
JWEE
, Eur
obse
rv’ER
and
Euro
stat,
howe
ver,
the v
olume
s fro
m the
EUw
ood
study
are
6-1
0% lo
wer c
ompa
red
to the
figu
res
prov
ided
by th
e NR
EAPP
R 20
13. P
rimar
y en
ergy
figu
res
for 2
011
and
2012
we
re si
milar
from
NRE
APPR
2013
, JW
EE, E
urob
serv’
ERan
d Eu
rosta
t, how
ever
, figu
res f
rom
the E
Uwoo
d stud
y wer
e up t
o 10%
lowe
rcom
pare
d to t
he ot
her s
ource
s.
Fran
ce
2011
44,13
851
,036
16%
40,27
4-9
%43
,281
-2%
42,35
7-4
%8,6
6610
,718
24%
9,221
6%9,0
895%
8,895
3%20
1251
,070
52,84
03%
49,79
5-2
%46
,301
-9%
10,03
511
,096
11%
10,45
74%
9,723
-3%
Notes
Fran
ce p
rovid
ed d
ata fo
r dom
estic
supp
ly on
ly in
the N
REAP
PR 2
013.
It wa
s ass
umed
that
there
is n
o im
port
of wo
od b
iomas
s for
ener
gy g
ener
ation
. The
raw
mater
ial
figur
esfor
201
1 an
d 20
12 p
rovid
ed in
the
NREA
PPR
2013
wer
e up
to 9
% hig
herc
ompa
red
to the
figur
es p
rovid
ed b
y JW
EE, E
urob
serv’
ERan
d Eu
rosta
t. Co
mpar
ed to
the
se fig
ures
, the
EUw
ood
study
pro
vided
raw
mater
ial fi
gure
s tha
t wer
e 16
% h
igher
in 2
011
and
only
3%hig
heri
n 20
12. T
he p
rimar
y ene
rgy f
igure
s pro
vided
by
the
NREA
PPR
2013
for 2
011
were
up
to 6%
lowe
rcom
pare
d to
the fig
ures
pro
vided
by t
he th
e JW
EE, E
urob
serv’
ER a
nd E
uros
tat. C
ompa
red
to the
figur
es o
f the
EUw
ood
study
the
NREA
PPR
2013
figur
e wa
s 24%
lowe
r. Fo
r 201
2 the
prim
ary e
nerg
y figu
res f
rom
all so
urce
s wer
e in
the a
rea
of 10
milli
on to
e. Th
e co
nver
sion
factor
for t
he
indire
ct su
pply
of ra
w ma
terial
s in
2011
and
201
2 we
re o
utside
of t
he ±
15%
allo
wable
dev
iation
(Tab
le 3)
. How
ever
, the
pro
vided
dat
awa
s tru
sted
beca
use
the F
renc
h ha
ve a
lot of
expe
rienc
e in t
his ar
ea.
Germ
any
2011
46,12
664
,019
52,63
852
,640
9,686
13,53
711
,054
11,05
420
1249
,033
56,24
356
,242
10,29
711
,811
11,81
1No
tesNo
NRE
APPR
2013
was
prov
ided.
Gree
ce
2011
2,678
6,653
148%
4,933
84%
4,934
84%
467
1,397
199%
1,036
122%
1,036
122%
2012
2,362
7,131
202%
5,410
129%
5,409
129%
393
1,498
281%
1,136
189%
1,136
189%
Notes
In its
NRE
APPR
201
3, Gr
eece
pro
vided
figu
res
for a
ll cate
gorie
s ex
cept
indire
ct su
pply
of ra
w ma
terial
s fro
m EU
and
non
-EU
sour
ces
in 20
11. I
t was
ass
umed
that
there
was
no im
port
of wo
od a
t this
time.
All r
aw m
ateria
l figu
res
were
pro
vided
in to
nnes
inste
ad o
f cub
ic me
terss
o the
y wer
e co
nver
ted in
to m³
by a
pplyi
ng th
e EU
-wo
odco
nver
sion
factor
. Raw
mat
erial
figu
res
prov
ided
by th
e NR
EAPP
R 20
13 w
ere
signif
icantl
y low
er (u
p to
200%
) com
pare
d to
the fi
gure
s pr
ovide
d by
the
other
so
urce
s for
201
1 an
d 20
12. T
his w
as a
lso tr
ue fo
r 201
1 an
d 20
12 p
rimar
y en
ergy
figu
res,
from
the N
REAP
PR 2
013
comp
ared
to th
e oth
er s
ource
s. Th
e co
nver
sion
factor
s of
the d
irect
supp
ly fro
m do
mesti
c so
urce
s, EU
impo
rts (2
012)
and
non
-EU
impo
rts (2
012)
wer
e ou
tside
(19-
23 %
) of t
he ±
15%
allo
wable
dev
iation
. All o
ther
11
Draft n
ot for
quoti
ng
Raw
mat
erial
(1,00
0 m3)
Prim
ary e
nerg
y ( 1,
000 t
oe)
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
conv
ersio
n fac
tors w
ere i
nside
allow
able
toler
ance
(Tab
le 3)
.
Hung
ary
2011
4,401
6,223
41%
6,833
55%
6,833
55%
824
1,307
59%
1,435
74%
1,435
74%
2012
4,357
6,601
51%
6,833
57%
6,335
45%
836
1,386
66%
1,435
72%
1,330
59%
Notes
In its
NRE
APPR
201
3 Hu
ngar
y pr
ovide
d a
comp
lete
datas
et. H
owev
er ra
w ma
terial
figu
res
were
par
tly p
rovid
ed in
m³ a
nd p
artly
in to
nnes
. The
figu
res
prov
ided
in ton
nes w
ere
conv
erted
into
m³ b
y app
lying
the
conv
ersio
n fac
tors o
f the
EUw
ood
study
. The
raw
mater
ial a
nd p
rimar
y ene
rgy f
igure
s pro
vided
by t
he N
REAP
PR 2
013
for 2
011
and
2012
wer
e41
-57%
and
up
to 74
%low
er co
mpar
edto
the
figur
es p
rovid
ed b
y the
oth
er so
urce
s. Th
e co
nver
sion
factor
s for
indir
ect s
upply
wer
e ou
t of t
he
defin
ed c
onfid
ence
regio
n. Th
e de
viatio
nsfro
m the
EUw
ood
conv
ersio
n fac
tors
were
36-
38 %
(Tab
le 3)
and
thus
wer
e re
place
d wi
th the
con
versi
on fa
ctor f
rom
the
EUwo
od st
udy.
Irelan
d
2011
828
1,456
76%
710
-14%
967
17%
964
17%
140
306
119%
146
4%20
345
%20
345
%20
1286
61,6
1687
%1,0
1017
%1,0
0816
%14
633
913
2%21
245
%21
245
%No
tesIre
land
prov
ided
all re
ques
ted fi
gure
s ex
cept
figur
es fr
om 2
011
and
2012
EU
impo
rts o
f raw
mate
rial f
or in
direc
t sup
ply o
f prim
ary
ener
gy. T
he o
mitte
d fig
ures
wer
e lis
ted a
s bein
g co
nfide
ntial.
It is
likely
that
the re
porte
d am
ount
of ra
w ma
terial
is u
nder
stated
. The
raw
mater
ial fig
ures
from
the
NREA
PPR
2013
, JW
EE, E
urob
serv’
ERan
d Eu
rosta
t for
201
1 we
re si
milar
. The
abs
olute
figur
es fo
r raw
mate
rials
rang
ed fr
om 7
10k m
³to
967k
m³.T
he E
Uwoo
d stu
dy vo
lumes
wer
e sig
nifica
ntly h
igher
(76%
). Fo
r 201
2 the
raw
mater
ial fig
ure
prov
ided
by th
e NR
EAPP
R 20
13 (8
66 k
m³) w
aslow
er co
mpar
ed to
the
other
sour
ces (
EUwo
od st
udy:
1.6 m
illion
m³;
Euro
bser
v’ER:
1
millio
n m³
; and
Eur
ostat
: 1 m
illion
m³).
The
prim
ary e
nerg
y figu
res o
f the
NRE
APPR
201
3 for
201
1 we
re si
milar
to th
e fig
ures
pro
vided
by t
he JW
EE. F
igure
s pro
vided
by
Eur
obse
rv’ER
and
Euro
stat w
ere
45%
high
er. F
igure
s pro
vided
by t
he E
Uwoo
d stu
dy w
ere
twice
ash
igh (1
19%
)for
201
1. Fo
r 201
2 the
prim
ary e
nerg
y figu
res p
ro-
vided
by t
he N
REAP
PR 2
013
were
lowe
r com
pare
d to
the fig
ures
pro
vided
by E
uobs
erv’e
r (45
%) a
nd E
uros
tat(4
5%)a
nd th
e EU
wood
stud
y (13
2%).
The
conv
ersio
n fac
tors w
ere a
ll outs
ide of
the ±
15%
allow
able
devia
tion (
Table
3).
Italy
2011
26,29
126
,697
2%11
,927
-55%
24,41
4-7
%24
,606
-6%
4,686
5,606
20%
2,433
-48%
5,127
9%5,1
6710
%20
1227
,204
27,06
0-1
%25
,267
-7%
25,47
4-6
%4,8
725,6
8317
%5,3
069%
5,350
10%
Notes
In its
NRE
APPR
201
3 Ita
ly pr
ovide
d all
requ
ested
data
. How
ever
raw
mater
ial fig
ures
wer
e pr
ovide
d in
tonne
s. Th
ese
figur
es w
ere
conv
erted
into
cubic
mete
rs m³
by
apply
ing th
e co
nver
sion
factor
of t
he E
Uwoo
d stu
dy. T
he ra
w ma
terial
figur
es p
rovid
ed b
y the
NRE
APPR
201
3 for
201
1 an
d 20
12 w
ere
very
simila
r to
the fig
ures
pro
-vid
ed by
the
EUwo
od st
udy.
Raw
mater
ial fig
ures
prov
ided
by E
urob
serv’
ERan
d Eu
rosta
t wer
e low
er by
2 mi
llion m
³(6-
7%).
The r
aw m
ateria
l as w
ell as
prim
ary e
nerg
y fig
ures
pro
vided
by t
he J
WEE
wer
e sig
nifica
ntly u
nder
rated
and
con
sider
ed to
be
incor
rect.
The
prim
ary e
nerg
y figu
res p
rovid
e d b
y the
NRE
APPR
201
3 for
201
1 an
d 20
12we
re u
p to
20%
lowe
r com
pare
d to
figur
es o
f the
EUw
ood
study
and
up
to 1
0% lo
wer c
ompa
red
to fig
ures
ofE
urob
serv’
ERan
d Eu
rosta
t. Al
l con
versi
on fa
ctors
of the
dire
ct su
pply
were
outsi
de of
the ±
15%
allow
able
devia
tion e
xcep
t the c
onve
rsion
facto
r of n
on-E
U im
port
in 20
12 (T
able
3).
12
Draft n
ot for
quoti
ng
Raw
mat
erial
(1,00
0 m3)
Prim
ary e
nerg
y ( 1,
000 t
oe)
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
Latv
ia
2011
9,453
6,552
-31%
5,338
-44%
5,339
-44%
1,743
1,376
-21%
1,121
-36%
1,121
-36%
2012
9,909
6,628
-33%
5,338
-46%
5,976
-40%
1,889
1,392
-26%
1,121
-41%
1,255
-34%
Notes
In its
NRE
APPR
2013
Latvi
a pr
ovide
d all r
eque
sted
data.
The
raw
mater
ial fig
ures
prov
ided b
y the
NRE
APPR
2013
for 2
011
and 2
012 a
re si
gnific
antly
high
er co
mpar
ed
to all
othe
r sou
rces.
The d
eviat
ion ra
nged
from
appr
oxim
ately
3 -4
.5 mi
llion m
³whic
h acc
ounts
for 3
1-44
%. T
he pr
imar
y ene
rgy f
igure
s pro
vided
by th
e NRE
APPR
2013
for
201
1 an
d 20
12 w
ere
21-4
1%hig
her c
ompa
red
to the
figur
es o
f the
othe
r sou
rces.
All c
onve
rsion
facto
rs we
re o
utside
of t
he a
llowa
ble d
eviat
ion,e
xcep
t the
conv
er-
sion f
actor
s of in
direc
t sup
ply fr
om do
mesti
c sou
rces f
or 20
11 an
d 20
12 (T
able
3).
Lith
uani
a
2011
13,6
893,3
92*
4,352
4,354
077
569
3*91
491
420
121
3,718
4,776
4,774
078
11,0
031,0
03No
tesLit
huan
ia on
ly pr
ovide
d NR
EAPP
R 20
13 d
ata fo
r raw
mate
rial o
f dire
ct su
pply
from
dome
stic
sour
ces f
or 2
011
and
2012
. It w
as a
ssum
ed th
at the
re a
re n
o wo
od b
io-ma
ss so
urce
s fro
m ind
irect
supp
ly an
d no
woo
d bio
mass
impo
rts (E
U an
d no
n-EU
). Pr
imar
y ene
rgy f
igure
s wer
e ca
lculat
ed b
y con
vertin
g the
raw
mater
ial fig
ures
into
pr
imar
y en
ergy
figu
res
by a
pplyi
ng th
e ap
prop
riate
conv
ersio
n fac
tor fr
om b
y the
EUw
ood
study
.The
raw
mater
ial a
nd p
rimar
y en
ergy
figu
res
prov
ided
by th
e NR
E-AP
PR 2
013
for 2
011
and
2012
see
med
to be
high
ly un
derst
ated
comp
ared
to th
e fig
ures
from
the
other
sou
rces.
It wa
s as
sume
d tha
t the
raw
mater
ial a
nd p
rimar
y en
ergy
figur
es w
ere i
nver
ted, i.
e.,the
origi
nal ra
w ma
terial
figur
es su
bmitte
d wer
e actu
ally t
he pr
imar
y ene
rgy f
igure
s.
*figu
re de
rives
from
JWEE
2009
Luxe
mbo
urg
2011
276
342
200
199
5869
4242
2012
312
205
205
6643
43No
tesNo
NRE
APPR
2013
was
prov
ided.
Malta
2011
325
646%
544
%3
-14%
15
646%
144
%1
-14%
2012
428
532%
58%
4-1
4%1
653
2%1
8%1
-14%
Notes
Malta
pro
vided
NRE
APPR
201
3 ra
w ma
terial
figur
es fo
r imp
orted
(EU
and
non-
EU) w
ood
bioma
ss fo
r ene
rgy u
se o
nly. N
o da
ta wa
s pro
vided
for b
iomas
s sup
ply fr
om
dome
stic s
ource
s. It
was a
ssum
ed th
at the
re w
as n
o do
mesti
c sup
ply o
f woo
d bio
mass
for e
nerg
y use
in M
alta.
Data
was p
rovid
ed in
tonn
esan
d co
nver
ted to
m³.
Pri-
mary
ener
gy fi
gure
s we
re c
alcula
ted b
y co
nver
ting
the p
rovid
ed ra
w ma
terial
figu
res
into
prim
ary
ener
gy fi
gure
s by
app
lying
the
conv
ersio
n fac
tor fr
om th
e EU
wood
stu
dy. R
aw m
ateria
l and
prim
ary e
nerg
y figu
res f
rom
the N
REAP
PR 2
013
for 2
011 a
nd 2
012 w
ere
simila
r to
the fig
ures
prov
ided
byEu
robs
erv’E
Ran
d Eu
rosta
t. Fig
ures
pr
ovide
d by
the
EUwo
od st
udy w
ere
signif
icantl
y high
er (b
y a fa
ctor 8
for 2
011
and
a fac
tor 7
for 2
012)
. Due
to th
e low
impa
ct on
the
over
all su
m of
wood
biom
ass i
n Eu
rope
, no f
urthe
r inve
stiga
tions
wer
e con
ducte
d.
13
Draft n
ot for
quoti
ng
Raw
mat
erial
(1,00
0 m3)
Prim
ary e
nerg
y ( 1,
000 t
oe)
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
Neth
erlan
d
2011
4,391
6,963
59%
5,007
14%
6,295
43%
6,264
43%
735
1,462
99%
1,047
42%
1,322
80%
1,316
79%
2012
5,057
7,807
54%
6,429
27%
6,399
27%
826
1,639
98%
1,350
63%
1,344
63%
Notes
Table
4 fr
om N
REAP
PR 2
013
prov
ided
raw
mater
ial a
nd p
rimar
y ene
rgy d
ata fo
r dom
estic
dire
ct an
d ind
irect
sour
ces f
or 2
011
and2
012.
Data
rega
rding
impo
rted
wood
bio
mass
use
d for
ene
rgy g
ener
ation
was
miss
ing. T
he ra
w ma
terial
figur
es fo
r dire
ct su
pply
were
pro
vided
in cu
bic m
eters
m³ w
here
as fig
ures
of i
ndire
ct su
pply
were
pr
ovide
d in
tonne
s. To
obta
in a
unifo
rm d
atase
t, fig
ures
of in
direc
t sup
ply o
f woo
d bio
mass
for e
nerg
y wer
e co
nver
ted in
to m³
by a
pplyi
ng th
e co
nver
sion
factor
from
the
EUwo
od st
udy.
The r
aw m
ateria
l figu
res p
rovid
ed by
the N
REAP
PR 20
13 (2
011 a
nd 20
12) w
ere u
p to 5
9% lo
wer c
ompa
red t
o the
figur
es pr
ovide
d by t
he ot
her s
ource
s. Th
e pr
imar
y en
ergy
figu
res
from
the N
REAP
PR 2
013
for 2
011
and
2012
wer
e up
to 9
9% lo
wer t
han
the fi
gure
s fro
m oth
er s
ource
s. Th
e co
nver
sion
factor
s for
dire
ct su
pply
for 2
011
and
2012
wer
e ins
ideall
owab
le tol
eran
ce b
ut the
conv
ersio
n fac
tors o
f the
indir
ect s
upply
dev
iated
sign
ifican
tly (2
5-27
%) f
rom
the E
Uwoo
d fa
ctor (
Ta-
ble 3)
.
Polan
d
2011
12,36
225
,682
108%
9,997
-19%
30,23
814
5%30
,241
145%
4,698
5,393
15%
2,012
-57%
6,350
35%
6,351
35%
2012
13,01
426
,850
106%
32,62
415
1%33
,275
156%
4,906
5,638
15%
6,851
40%
6,988
42%
Notes
Polan
d pr
ovide
d NR
EAPP
R 20
13 d
ata fo
r dire
ct an
d ind
irect
supp
ly fro
m do
mesti
c sou
rces f
or 2
011
and
2012
. No
data
was p
rovid
ed fo
r imp
orts
of dir
ect a
nd in
direc
t su
pply
of wo
od b
iomas
s for
ene
rgy.
It wa
s as
sume
d tha
t the
re w
as n
o im
port
of the
se p
rodu
cts. T
he ra
w ma
terial
figur
es p
rovid
ed fr
om th
e NR
EAPP
R 20
13 fo
r 201
1 we
re si
gnific
antly
lowe
r(10
8-14
5%)c
ompa
red
to th
e fig
ures
pro
vided
by t
he E
Uwoo
d stu
dy, E
urob
serv’
ERan
d Eu
rosta
t. Th
e JW
EE vo
lumes
wer
e 19
%low
ertha
n th
e fig
ures
of t
he N
REAP
PR 2
013.
For 2
012
raw
mater
ial fig
ures
pro
vided
by t
he N
REAP
PR 2
013
were
106
%low
er th
an fig
ures
pro
vided
by t
he E
Uwoo
d stu
dy a
nd 1
51%
lower
comp
ared
to th
e fig
ures
pro
vided
by E
urob
serv’
ERan
d Eu
rosta
t. Th
e pr
imar
y ene
rgy f
igure
s pro
vided
by t
he N
REAP
PR 2
013
for 2
011
were
15%
, 35%
and
35%
low
er c
ompa
red
to fig
ures
pro
vided
by
EUwo
od s
tudy,
Euro
bser
v’ER
and
Euro
stat r
espe
ctive
ly. P
rimar
y en
ergy
figu
res
prov
ided
by th
e JW
EE w
ere
57%
lowe
r com
-pa
red
to the
figur
es p
rovid
ed b
y the
NRE
APPR
201
3. Pr
imar
y ene
rgy f
igure
s pro
vided
by t
he N
REAP
PR 2
013
for 2
012
were
15%
lowe
r tha
n fig
ures
from
the
EUwo
od
study
and
40-
42%
lower
comp
ared
to fig
ures
pro
vided
by E
urob
serv’
ERan
d Eu
rosta
t. Al
l con
versi
on fa
ctors
exce
pt the
conv
ersio
n fac
tor o
f indir
ect s
upply
from
dom
es-
tic so
urce
s for
2012
wer
e outs
ide o
f the a
llowa
ble to
leran
ce (T
able
3).
Portu
gal
2011
12,72
012
,462
12,46
32,6
712,6
172,6
1720
1212
,808
11,15
211
,149
2,690
2,342
2,341
Notes
No N
REAP
PR 20
13 w
as pr
ovide
d.
Rom
ania
2011
28,35
415
,887
-44%
17,98
8-3
7%16
,471
-42%
16,47
0-4
2%3,4
593,3
36-4
%3,6
205%
3,459
0%3,4
590%
2012
29,93
615
,879
-47%
16,52
4-4
5%17
,403
-42%
3,654
3,335
-9%
3,470
-5%
3,655
0%No
tesRo
mania
prov
ided N
REAP
PR 20
13 da
ta on
woo
d biom
ass f
or en
ergy
use w
ithou
t dist
inguis
hing b
etwe
en di
rect
and i
ndire
ct su
pply
and a
ll raw
mate
rial fi
gure
s wer
e pr
ovide
d in m
illion
tonn
es. B
y com
parin
g the
se fig
ures
to th
e figu
res p
rovid
ed by
the o
ther s
ource
s it a
lso ap
pear
ed th
at the
tonn
e figu
res w
ere o
ff by a
facto
r of 1
,000
(the f
igure
s app
eare
d to b
e in k
ilo to
nnes
rathe
r tha
n in m
illion
tonn
es).
The f
igure
s wer
e adju
sted a
ccor
dingly
and t
he ra
w ma
terial
figur
es w
ere c
onve
rted i
nto m
3 by
apply
ing th
e con
versi
on fa
ctor p
rovid
ed by
the E
Uwoo
d stud
y. Th
e ra
w ma
terial
figur
es of
the N
REAP
PR 20
13 fo
r 201
1 and
2012
wer
e 37-
47%
high
er co
mpar
ed to
the
14
Draft n
ot for
quoti
ng
Raw
mat
erial
(1,00
0 m3)
Prim
ary e
nerg
y ( 1,
000 t
oe)
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
other
sour
ces.
The p
rimar
y ene
rgy f
igure
s for
2011
and 2
012 w
ere s
imila
r to t
he fig
ures
prov
ided b
y the
othe
r sou
rces.
The c
onve
rsion
facto
rs we
re ou
tside
of th
e al-
lowab
le tol
eran
ce (4
2% d
iffere
nce f
rom
the E
Uwoo
d fac
tor) (
Table
3).
Slov
akia
2011
5,277
2,737
-48%
5,503
4%3,6
19-3
1%3,6
20-3
1%83
057
5-3
1%1,1
3337
%76
0-8
%76
0-8
%20
125,5
852,7
72-5
0%3,4
14-3
9%3,7
44-3
3%89
058
2-3
5%71
7-1
9%78
6-1
2%No
tesSl
ovak
ia pr
ovide
d all
requ
ested
data
. The
raw
mater
ial fig
ures
for i
ndire
ct su
pply
of ra
w ma
terial
s wer
e pr
ovide
d in
tonne
s tan
d ha
d to
be co
nver
ted in
to m3
by a
pplyi
ngthe
conv
ersio
n fac
tor fr
om th
e EU
wood
stud
y. Th
e NR
EAPP
R 20
13 vo
lumes
of r
aw m
ateria
ls for
201
1 we
re si
milar
to th
e fig
ures
pro
vided
by t
he JW
EE. C
ompa
red
to the
raw
mater
ial fig
ures
of t
he E
Uwoo
d stu
dy, E
urob
serv’
ERan
d Eu
rosta
t for
201
1 an
d 20
12 th
e ra
wma
terial
figur
es o
f the
NRE
APPR
201
3 we
re 3
1-50
% h
igher
. The
pr
imar
y ene
rgy f
igure
s fro
m the
NRE
APPR
201
3 for
201
1 an
d 20
12 w
ere
8-19
% h
igher
comp
ared
tothe
figur
es p
rovid
ed b
y Eur
obse
rv’ER
and
Euro
stat.
The
prim
ary
ener
gy fi
gure
pro
vided
by
the J
WEE
for2
011
was
highe
r (37
%) c
ompa
red
to the
figu
re o
f the
NRE
APPR
201
3. Th
e pr
imar
y en
ergy
figu
res
prov
ided
by th
e EU
wood
stu
dy w
ere
31-3
5% lo
wer c
ompa
red
to the
figur
es p
rovid
ed b
y the
NRE
APPR
201
3. Al
l con
versi
on fa
ctors
of the
indir
ect s
upply
wer
e ou
tside
oft
he a
llowa
ble to
leran
ce
levels
(35%
diffe
renc
e fro
m the
EUw
ood f
actor
)(Ta
ble 3)
.
Slov
enia
2011
1,539
2,439
58%
2,254
46%
2,695
75%
2,693
75%
323
512
58%
568
76%
566
75%
566
75%
2012
1,377
2,463
79%
2,667
94%
2,667
94%
289
517
79%
560
94%
560
94%
Notes
Slov
enia
prov
ided
NREA
PPR
2013
raw
mater
ial vo
lumes
only
for d
irect
wood
biom
ass s
upply
for 2
011 a
nd 20
12. P
rimar
y ene
rgy f
igure
s wer
e obta
ined b
y con
vertin
g ra
w ma
terial
figur
es in
to pr
imar
y ene
rgy f
igure
s. Ra
w ma
terial
figur
es pr
ovide
d by t
he N
REAP
PR 20
13 w
ere a
roun
d 46-
75%
lower
for 2
011 a
nd 49
-94%
lower
for 2
012.
Th
e prim
ary e
nerg
y figu
res p
rovid
ed by
the N
REAP
PR 20
13 fo
r 201
1 and
2012
wer
e 58-
94%
lowe
r com
pare
d to t
he fig
ures
prov
ided b
y the
othe
r sou
rces.
Slov
enia
was u
nable
to pr
ovide
figur
es fo
r indir
ect s
upply
in its
NRE
APPR
201
3.
Spain
2011
25,73
724
,493
-5%
22,91
4-1
1%22
,943
-11%
3,538
5,144
45%
4,812
36%
4,818
36%
2012
24,77
025
,486
3%23
,014
-7%
23,51
2-5
%3,4
095,3
5257
%4,8
3342
%4,9
3845
%No
tesSp
ain pr
ovide
d all r
eque
sted d
ata in
its N
REAP
PR 20
13. R
aw m
ateria
l figu
res w
ere p
rovid
ed in
tonn
es t a
nd co
nver
ted in
to m³
by ap
plying
the E
Uwoo
d con
versi
on
factor
. The
raw
mater
ial vo
lumes
for 2
011 e
xcee
ded v
olume
s fro
m the
othe
r sou
rces b
y 5-1
1%. T
he ra
w ma
terial
volum
es fo
r 201
2 fro
m all
sour
ces w
ere s
imila
r (at
abou
t 23-
25.5
millio
n m³ o
f woo
d bio
mass
for e
nerg
y gen
erati
on).
Prim
ary e
nerg
y figu
res w
ere 3
6-57
% lo
wer in
the
NREA
PPR
2013
for 2
011 a
nd 20
12 co
mpar
ed to
the
other
sour
ces.
All c
onve
rsion
facto
rs we
re ou
tside
the c
onfid
ence
regio
n. Co
nver
sion f
actor
s diffe
red
subs
tantia
lly fr
om th
e EUw
ood f
actor
s (dir
ect s
upply
by 40
%)
(indir
ect s
upply
by 29
%) (
Table
3).
15
Draft n
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quoti
ng
Raw
mat
erial
(1,00
0 m3)
Prim
ary e
nerg
y ( 1,
000 t
oe)
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
NREA
PPR 2
013
origin
alEU
wood
JWEE
Euro
bser
v’ER
Euro
stat
Swed
en
2011
55,69
036
,060
-35%
48,78
1-1
2%42
,543
-24%
42,54
1-2
4%10
,132
7,573
-25%
10,07
1-1
%8,9
34-1
2%8,9
34-1
2%20
1256
,016
36,34
3-3
5%44
,995
-20%
45,54
0-1
9%10
,123
7,632
-25%
9,449
-7%
9,563
-6%
Notes
Swed
en pr
ovide
d all o
f the
requ
ested
data
in its
NRE
APPR
2013
. The
raw
mater
ial fig
ures
wer
e pro
vided
in to
nnes
t an
d con
verte
d int
o cub
ic me
ters m
³ by a
pplyi
ng th
e co
nver
sion
factor
from
the
EUwo
od st
udy.
Raw
mater
ial vo
lumes
pro
vided
by t
he N
REAP
PR 2
013
for 2
011
(55.7
milli
on m
³) we
re th
e hig
hest
comp
ared
to a
ll sou
rces
(EUw
ood
study
: 36
millio
n m³
; JW
EE: 4
8.7 m
illion
m³;
Euro
bser
v’ER:
43.5
millio
n m³
and
; Eur
ostat
: 42.5
millio
n m³
). Th
e sa
me p
atter
n wa
s see
n in
2012
, with
the
NRE-
APPR
201
3 be
ing h
ighes
t (56
milli
on m
³) fol
lowed
by f
igure
s pr
ovide
d by
Eur
obse
rv’ER
and
Euro
stat (
45 m
illion
m³).
Figu
res p
rovid
ed b
y the
EUw
ood
study
wer
e th
e low
est (
36 m
illion
m³).
Prim
ary e
nerg
y figu
res f
rom
the N
REAP
PR 2
013
and
JWEE
wer
e sim
ilar f
or 2
011.
Howe
ver t
hese
figur
es w
ere
highe
r com
pare
d to
figur
es p
ro-
vided
by E
Uwoo
d stud
y, Eu
robs
erv’E
Ran
d Eu
rosta
t. The
prim
ary e
nerg
y figu
res f
rom
the N
REAP
PR 20
13 fo
r 201
2 wer
e clos
er to
the f
igure
s pro
vided
by E
urob
serv’
ERan
d Eu
rosta
t whil
e the
y we
re 2
5% h
igher
com
pare
d to
the E
Uwoo
d fig
ure.
Rega
rding
the
conv
ersio
n fac
tors
it wa
s no
ticed
that
the c
onve
rsion
facto
rs for
the
indire
ct su
pply
from
dome
stic s
ource
s wer
e outs
ide of
the c
onfid
ence
regio
n (Ta
ble 3)
.
UK
2011
12,39
813
,777
11%
10,33
3-1
7%10
,667
-14%
10,66
7-1
4%1,9
492,8
9348
%2,1
3910
%2,2
4015
%2,2
4015
%20
1210
,975
16,27
048
%11
,776
7%11
,776
7%2,0
613,4
1766
%2,4
7320
%2,4
7320
%No
tesTh
e Unit
ed K
ingdo
m pr
ovide
d all r
eque
sted d
ata. T
he N
REAP
PR 2
013 v
olume
s app
eare
d to b
e in t
onne
s t ra
ther t
han m
³, so
raw
mater
ial fig
ures
wer
e con
verte
d fro
m ton
nes t
into
cubic
mete
rs m³
by a
pplyi
ng th
e con
versi
on fa
ctors
from
the E
Uwoo
d stud
y. Ra
w ma
teria
l figu
res p
rovid
ed by
the N
REAP
PR 20
13 fo
r 201
1 (12
.4 mi
llion
m³) w
ere l
ower
than
the f
igure
s pro
vided
by th
e EUw
ood s
tudy (
13.8
millio
n m³)
but h
igher
than
the f
igure
s pro
vided
by JW
EE (1
0.3 m
illion
m³),
Eur
obse
rv’ER
and
Euro
stat (
both
at 10
.7 mi
llion m
³). F
or 20
12, th
e NRE
APPR
2013
pro
vided
the l
owes
t raw
mate
rial fi
gure
(11 m
illion
m³)
comp
ared
to th
e EUw
ood s
tudy (
16.3
millio
n m³
), Eu
robs
erv’E
R(1
1.8 m
illion
m³)
and E
uros
tat (1
1.8 m
illion
m³).
The
prim
ary e
nerg
y figu
res p
rovid
ed by
the N
REAP
PR 20
13 fo
r 201
1 dev
iated
from
the f
igure
s pro
-vid
ed by
the E
Uwoo
d stud
y by 4
8%. T
he fig
ures
for 2
011 f
rom
the JW
EE, E
urob
serv’
ERan
d Eu
rosta
t wer
e 10-
15%
high
ertha
n tho
se fr
om th
e NRE
APPR
2013
. For
20
12 th
e NRE
APPR
2013
prov
ided p
rimar
y ene
rgy f
igure
s tha
t wer
e 20%
lowe
r tha
n the
figur
es pr
ovide
d by E
urob
serv’
ERan
d Eu
rosta
t. Com
pare
d to t
he fig
ures
pro-
vided
by th
e EUw
ood s
tudy,
the fig
ures
of th
e NRE
APPR
2013
wer
e 66%
lowe
r. Re
gard
ing th
e co
nver
sion f
actor
s it w
as no
ticed
that
the c
onve
rsion
facto
rs of
the en
tire
direc
t sup
ply as
well
as th
e ind
irect
supp
ly fro
m do
mesti
c sou
rces f
or 20
11 w
ere o
ut of
the de
fined
confi
denc
e reg
ion (T
able
3).
Tota
l20
1133
4,902
312,9
59-7
%32
0,329
-4%
319,5
63-5
%61
,110
65,72
18%
67,26
910
%67
,108
10%
2012
350,1
3232
3,483
-8%
340,4
52-3
%34
1,094
-3%
64,42
867
,931
5%71
,495
11%
71,63
011
%
16
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ng
22
SOME FACTS ABOUT THE COMMITTEE ON FORESTS AND THE FOREST INDUSTRY
The Committee on Forests and the Forest Industry is a subsidiary body of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. It constitutes a forum for UNECE member states to consult with each other and work together on issues related to forestry, the forest industry and forest products. All countries in Europe, the Commonwealth of Independent States, the United States, Canada and Israel are members of the UNECE and participate in its work.
Working towards achieving sustainable development, the Committee provides member states with the information and services they need for policy- and decision-making regarding their forest and forest industry sectors, including the trade and use of forest products and, when appropriate, formulates recommendations addressed to governments and interest-ed organizations. To this end, it makes the following commitments:
1. With the active participation of member states, to undertake short-, medium- and long-term analyses of developments in, and having an impact on, the forest sector, including those offering possibilities for the facilitation of international trade and for enhancing the protection of the environment.
2. In support of these analyses, to collect, store and disseminate statistics relating to the sector, and carry out activi-ties to improve their quality and comparability.
3. Provide the framework for cooperation e.g. by organizing seminars, workshops and ad hoc meetings and setting up ad hoc groups for the exchange of economic, environmental and technical information between governments and other institutions of member states for developing and implementing policies leading to the sustainable develop-ment of the forest sector and to the protection of the environment in their countries.
4. Carry out tasks identified as being of priority, including the facilitation of subregional cooperation and activities in support of the economies in transition of central and eastern Europe.
5. To keep under review its structure and priorities and cooperate with other international and intergovernmental or-ganizations active in the sector, and in particular with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and its European Forestry Commission, and with the International Labour Organization, to ensure complementarity and avoid duplication, thereby optimizing the use of resources.
You can get more information about the Committee’s work by writing to: [email protected]
UNECE/FAO Forestry and Timber Section Trade and Sustainable Land Management Division United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Palais des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland Fax: +41 22 917 0041 www.unece.org/forests
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ng
23
UNECE/FAO publications
Forest Products Annual Market Review 2014-2015 ECE/TIM/SP/39
Note: other market-related publications and information are available in electronic format at our website.
Geneva Timber and Forest Study Papers Forests in the ECE Region: Trends and Challenges in Achieving the Global Objectives on Forests ECE/TIM/SP/37 Forest Products Annual Market Review 2013-2014 ECE/TIM/SP/36 Rovaniemi Action Plan for the Forest Sector in a Green Economy ECE/TIM/SP/35 The Value of Forests: Payments for Ecosystem Services in a Green Economy ECE/TIM/SP/34 Forest Products Annual Market Review 2012-2013 ECE/TIM/SP/33 The Lviv Forum on Forests in a Green Economy ECE/TIM/SP/32 Forests and Economic Development: A Driver for the Green Economy in the ECE Region ECE/TIM/SP/31 Forest Products Annual Market Review 2011-2012 ECE/TIM/SP/30 The North American Forest Sector Outlook Study 2006-2030 ECE/TIM/SP/29 European Forest Sector Outlook Study 2010-2030 ECE/TIM/SP/28 Forest Products Annual Market Review 2010-2011 ECE/TIM/SP/27 Private Forest Ownership in Europe ECE/TIM/SP/26 Forest Products Annual Market Review 2009-2010 ECE/TIM/SP/25 Forest Products Annual Market Review 2008-2009 ECE/TIM/SP/24 Forest Products Annual Market Review 2007-2008 ECE/TIM/SP/23 Forest Products Annual Market Review 2006-2007 ECE/TIM/SP/22 Forest Products Annual Market Review, 2005-2006 ECE/TIM/SP/21 European Forest Sector Outlook Study: 1960 – 2000 – 2020, Main Report ECE/TIM/SP/20 Forest policies and institutions of Europe, 1998-2000 ECE/TIM/SP/19 Forest and Forest Products Country Profile: Russian Federation ECE/TIM/SP/18 (Country profiles also exist on Albania, Armenia, Belarus, Bulgaria, former Czech and Slovak Federal Republic, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Republic of Moldova, Slovenia and Ukraine) Forest resources of Europe, CIS, North America, Australia, Japan and ECE/TIM/SP/17 New Zealand The above series of sales publications and subscriptions are available through United Nations Publications Offices as follows: Sales and Marketing Section, Room DC2-853 United Nations 2 United Nations Plaza New York, NY 10017 United States of America Fax: + 1 212 963 3489 E-mail: [email protected] Web site: https://unp.un.org/
* * * * *
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ng
24
Geneva Timber and Forest Discussion Papers (original language only) Forecast of the Committee on Forests and the Forest Industry: Forest Products Production and Trade 2013-2015 *ECE/TIM/DP/64 Forecast of the Committee on Forests and the Forest Industry: Forest Products Production and Trade 2013-2015 *ECE/TIM/DP/63 Competitiveness of the European Forest Sector *ECE/TIM/DP/62 Forecast of the Committee on Forests and the Forest Industry: Forest Products Production and Trade 2012-2014 *ECE/TIM/DP/61 Forecast of the Committee on Forests and the Forest Industry: Forest Products Production and Trade 2011-2013 *ECE/TIM/DP/60 Econometric Modelling and Projections of Wood Products Demand, Supply and Trade in Europe ECE/TIM/DP/59 Swedish Forest Sector Outlook Study ECE/TIM/DP/58 The Importance of China’s Forest Products Markets to the UNECE Region ECE/TIM/DP/57 Good Practice Guidance on Sustainable Mobilisation of Wood: Proceedings from the Grenoble Workshop *ECE/TIM/DP/56 Harvested Wood Products in the Context of Climate Change Policies: Workshop Proceedings - 2008 *ECE/TIM/DP/55 The Forest Sector in the Green Economy ECE/TIM/DP/54 National Wood Resources Balances: Workshop Proceedings *ECE/TIM/DP/53 Potential Wood Supply in Europe *ECE/TIM/DP/52 Wood Availability and Demand in Europe *ECE/TIM/DP/51 Forest Products Conversion Factors for the UNECE Region ECE/TIM/DP/49 Mobilizing Wood Resources: Can Europe's Forests Satisfy the Increasing Demand for Raw Material and Energy Under Sustainable Forest Management? Workshop Proceedings - January 2007 *ECE/TIM/DP/48 European Forest Sector Outlook Study: Trends 2000-2005 Compared to the EFSOS Scenarios ECE/TIM/DP/47 Forest and Forest Products Country Profile; Tajikistan *ECE/TIM/DP/46 Forest and Forest Products Country Profile: Uzbekistan ECE/TIM/DP/45 Forest Certification – Do Governments Have a Role? ECE/TIM/DP/44 International Forest Sector Institutions and Policy Instruments for Europe: A Source Book ECE/TIM/DP/43 Forests, Wood and Energy: Policy Interactions ECE/TIM/DP/42 Outlook for the Development of European Forest Resources ECE/TIM/DP/41 Forest and Forest Products Country Profile: Serbia and Montenegro ECE/TIM/DP/40 Forest Certification Update for the UNECE Region, 2003 ECE/TIM/DP/39 Forest and Forest Products Country Profile: Republic of Bulgaria ECE/TIM/DP/38 Forest Legislation in Europe: How 23 Countries Approach the Obligation to Reforest, Public Access and Use of Non-Wood Forest Products ECE/TIM/DP/37 Value-Added Wood Products Markets, 2001-2003 ECE/TIM/DP/36 Trends in the Tropical Timber Trade, 2002-2003 ECE/TIM/DP/35 Biological Diversity, Tree Species Composition and Environmental Protection in the Regional FRA-2000 ECE/TIM/DP/33 Forestry and Forest Products Country Profile: Ukraine ECE/TIM/DP/32 The Development of European Forest Resources, 1950 To 2000: a Better Information Base ECE/TIM/DP/31 Modelling and Projections of Forest Products Demand, Supply and Trade in Europe ECE/TIM/DP/30 Employment Trends and Prospects in the European Forest Sector ECE/TIM/DP/29 Forestry Cooperation with Countries in Transition ECE/TIM/DP/28 Russian Federation Forest Sector Outlook Study ECE/TIM/DP/27 Forest and Forest Products Country Profile: Georgia ECE/TIM/DP/26 Forest certification update for the UNECE region, summer 2002 ECE/TIM/DP/25 Forecasts of economic growth in OECD and central and eastern European countries for the period 2000-2040 ECE/TIM/DP/24 Forest Certification update for the UNECE Region, summer 2001 ECE/TIM/DP/23 Structural, Compositional and Functional Aspects of Forest Biodiversity in Europe ECE/TIM/DP/22 Markets for secondary processed wood products, 1990-2000 ECE/TIM/DP/21 Forest certification update for the UNECE Region, summer 2000 ECE/TIM/DP/20 Trade and environment issues in the forest and forest products sector ECE/TIM/DP/19 Multiple use forestry ECE/TIM/DP/18 Forest certification update for the UNECE Region, summer 1999 ECE/TIM/DP/17 A summary of “The competitive climate for wood products and paper packaging: the factors causing substitution with emphasis on environmental promotions” ECE/TIM/DP/16 Recycling, energy and market interactions ECE/TIM/DP/15 The status of forest certification in the UNECE region ECE/TIM/DP/14 The role of women on forest properties in Haute-Savoie (France): Initial research ECE/TIM/DP/13 Interim report on the Implementation of Resolution H3 of the Helsinki Ministerial Conference on the protection of forests in Europe (Results of the second enquiry) ECE/TIM/DP/12 Manual on acute forest damage ECE/TIM/DP/7
* signifies electronic publication only
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25
The above series of publications may be requested free of charge through: UNECE/FAO Forestry and Timber Section Forests, Land and Housing Division United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Palais des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland Fax: +41 22 917 0041 E-mail: [email protected] Downloads are available at: www.unece.org/forests
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ng
UNECE Committee on Forests and the Forest Industry and FAO European Forestry Commission
Further information about forests and forest products, as well as information about the UNECE Committee on Forests and the Forest Industry and the FAO European Forestry Commission is available on the website: www.unece.org/forests.html Information about the UNECE may be found at www.unece.org and information about FAO may be found at www.fao.org UNECE/FAO Forestry and Timber Section Forests, Land and Housing Division United Nations Economic Commission for Europe/ Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Palais des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland Fax: +41 22 917 0041 http://www.unece.org/forests [email protected]
Printed at United Nations Geneva United Nations publication GE.XX-XXXXX – December 2015 ISSN 1020-7228 ECE/TIM/DP/65
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ng