CHAPTER II RESEARCH PAPER

Danilyn O Gariando

Grade10 Confucius Ms. Lazo

What is cyberbullying?

Cyberbullying is bullying that takes place using electronic technology. Electronic technology includes devices and equipment such as cell phones, computers, and tablets as well as communication tools including social media sites, text messages, chat, and websites.

What are the types of cyberbullying? There are lots of different types of cyberbullying. These are the main ones:

Email: Sending emails that can be threatening or upsetting. Emails can be sent directly to a single target, or to a group of people to encourage them to become part of the bullying. These messages or 'hate mails' can include examples of racism, sexism and other types of prejudice. If someone sends you a message and you forward or laugh at it, you're actually adding to the problem.

Instant messenger and chatrooms: Sending instant messenger and chatroom messages to friends or direct to a victim. Others can be invited into the bullying conversation, who then become part of it by laughing.

Social networking sites: Setting up profiles on social networking sites to make fun of someone. By visiting these pages or contributing to them, you become part of the problem and add to the feelings of unhappiness felt by the victim.

Social Networking sites make money by connecting and sharing information so it's worth checking the privacy settings of your account for safety.

Mobile phone: Sending humiliating and abusive text or video messages, as well as photo messages and phone calls over a mobile phone. This includes anonymous text messages over short distances using Bluetooth technology and sharing videos of physical attacks on individuals (happy slapping). Using a mobile phone to harass others is covered in the Malicious Communications Act 1988, and can be punished by up to 6 months' imprisonment.

Interactive gaming: Games consoles allow players to chat online with anyone they find themselves matched with in a multi-player game.

Sometimes cyber bullies abuse other players and use threats. They can also lock victims out of games, spread false rumours about someone or hack into someone's account.

Sending viruses: Some people send viruses or hacking programs to another person that can destroy their computers or delete personal information from their hard drive.

Abusing personal information: Many victims of cyberbullying have complained that they have seen personal photos, emails or blog postings posted where others could see them without their permission. It's also worth noting that having a picture of an under 18 (this can be yourself or others) which contains nudity is a criminal offence, as is opening these images on mobiles, laptops and pcs and showing them to others.

What are the pros and cons off cyberbullying?

The Pros of Cyberbullying1. Stand Up For ThemselvesCyber bullying often attacks personal traits of an individual, such as their weight, appearance, voice, or values. This can be extremely damaging to a developing child. Cyber bullies often choose this avenue because it can be done from the safety of their home, with no real confrontation. This works both ways, however. Children that are experiencing cyber bullying feel much more empowered to stand up for themselves, because they are also in the comfort of their home.

2. It’s In WritingSocial media, texts, and emails are all in writing, and once they are sent they cannot be taken back. This gives hard and undeniable proof that this bullying

is occurring, as well as exactly who is involved. It can tremendously help parents and schools to identify who the problem students are and the proper actions to take.

3. From The Bullies PerspectiveIf you are the person who is doing the bullying online, you may feel very confident and courageous when bullying someone from behind a computer. This also often makes people develop an inflated ego and feel “cool”.

The Cons of Cyber Bullying1. Spreads To Day LifeCyber bullying is very commonly just a side product of real life, face to face bullying that is occurring. This may make the victim feel scared and unsure in there normal days, especially at school or other social situations.

2. Risk of Depression And SuicideAn increasing number of young kids are falling into a depressive state, and sadly, committing suicide as a result from this cyber bullying. The abuse is so severe and inescapable that they feel it is their only way out. Young adults and kids are very susceptible to criticism and cruelty because they are still unsure of themselves.

3. Out Of Schools HandsBecause cyber bullying doesn’t occur in the school in a literal sense, many schools do not do anything about it. It is not because they don’t care, but the guidelines for discipline and boundaries of when their control stops is unclear when it comes to student’s online lives.

4. It Follows YouTraditional bullying, or face to face altercations, doesn’t follow the same rules that cyber bullying does. With traditional bullying the victim can go

home and get away from it at some point, they have safety zones and times. However, when it comes to cyber bullying all bets are off. Cell phones and computers are always there, the attacks can happen at any time of the day or night and anywhere. This makes the victims feel completely helpless.

5. Larger AudienceCyber bullying is very much public, and because it is published it has the ability to reach a very broad audience. Furthering the humiliation of the person being harassed.

What are the causes and effects of cyberbullying?One of the effects of bullying is that it can change the victim’s personality. It can cause people who are normally confident and happy to become self-conscious, shy, and unsure. Additionally, victims of bullying may also become sad or depressed. Their confidence might completely disappear, keeping them from trying new things or trusting people. Once a person has been bullied, they may hesitate to participate in situations where he or she might be ridiculed, such as in public speaking or in sports. A bullying victim might even begin to possess previously absent anxiousbehavior.

Despite all the negative effects of bullying, there are even far more serious consequences. People who have been bullied sometimes become so upset, scared, or depressed that they see no worth in themselves and no way out of their torment. There have been countless reports over the past few years of students committing suicide because they were bullied. Meanwhile, there are times when victims see no recourse but to seek revenge by serious acts of violence against the bully and instigators. As a result of bullying, people can lose their ability to love and trust, denying them the chance to experience a quality relationship later in their life. They might find themselves as a submissive partner or they may want to be completely alone. Compounding all of these problems, victims often develop eating disorders, begin to self-injure, or require extensive counseling. Social bullying can also leave people without a supportive group of friends that they can lean on and spend time with.

Another unfortunate consequence of this is that bullying is often cyclical. People who have been bullied can, in an attempt to gain their power and self-esteem back, become bullies themselves. In relation to this, bullies who are not confronted or stopped may find themselves in future positions where they can bully as adults. This is where manipulative bosses and child abusers come from.Aside from its long-term effects, some consequences of bullying can be seen and felt immediately. When one child calls another child names, the victim might cry and a bruise might appear after a punch to the arm. However, some effects of bullying are not always obvious to the naked eye. The results of bullying might grow and appear over time, damaging a person in profound ways for the long term. There are so many effects of bullying that they are impossible to count or predict. This is why it is so important to stop bullying.

What are Laws and Programs about cyberbullying?

update: cyberbullying is part of the anti-bullying act of 2013 but it only covers students up to high school. Adult victims can use the other provisions of the cybercrime law, like libel and identity theft.For minors, aside from the newly approved law, it’s also widely believed that “Republic Act 7610 also known as Special Protection of Children Against Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act” is recognized as one of the possible laws that can be used by cyberbullying victims, specially if the act is done outside the school context.ARTICLE VI- Other Acts of AbuseSection 10 Other Acts of Neglect, Abuse, Cruelty or Exploitation and Other Conditions Prejudicial to the Child’s Development. –(a) Any person who shall commit any other acts of child abuse, cruelty or exploitation or to be responsible for other conditions prejudicial to the child’s development including those covered by Article 59 of Presidential Decree No. 603, as amended, but not covered by the Revised Penal Code, as amended, shall suffer the penalty of prison mayor in its minimum period.For adults, they can use the provisions of the cybercrime law, like online libel and identity theft if a false account was set-up to perpetuate the act.There is a special challenge to identify the cyberbully since bullying can be done anonymously, or hide behind a pseudo online personality. But

according to PH law enforcement groups, they have the capability to trace the identity of the anonymous bully.As the pioneer in advocating cyber wellness in the Philippines, we believe one way to reduce if not totally prevent bullying and other cyber abuse incidents is “educate” stakeholders about cyber wellness.Cyber wellness education is meant to inform stakeholders of the risks associated with the use of smartphone/mobile gadgets, internet and social media, and equip them with a framework to effectively

How to Prevent CyberBullying?

Be Aware of What Your Kids are Doing Online

Talk with your kids about cyberbullying and other online issues regularly. Know the sites your kids visit and their online activities. Ask where they’re

going, what they’re doing, and who they’re doing it with. Tell your kids that as a responsible parent you may review their online

communications if you think there is reason for concern. Installing parental control filtering software or monitoring programs are one option for monitoring your child’s online behavior, but do not rely solely on these tools.

Have a sense of what they do online and in texts. Learn about the sites they like. Try out the devices they use.

Ask for their passwords, but tell them you’ll only use them in case of emergency.

Ask to “friend” or “follow” your kids on social media sites or ask another trusted adult to do so.

Encourage your kids to tell you immediately if they, or someone they know, is being cyberbullied. Explain that you will not take away their computers or cell phones if they confide in you about a problem they are having.