chapter 1 cells chapter review. complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct...
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Chapter 1Cells
Chapter Review
Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct term from the word bank
1. A(n) _____________ is the most basic unit of all living things.
2. The job that an organ does is the ____________of that organ.
3. Ribosomes and mitochondria are types of __________________.
Chapter Review
cell
function
organelles
Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct term from the word bank
4. A(n) ___________ is an organism whose cells have a nucleus.
5. A group of cells working together to perform a specific function is a(n) __________.
6. Only plant cells have a(n) ______________.
Chapter Review
eukaryote
tissue
cell wall
7. Which of the following best describes an organ?
a. a group of cells that work together to perform a specific job
b. a group of tissues that belong to different systems
c. a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific job
d. a body structure, such as muscles or lungs
Chapter Review
8. The benefits of being multicellular include…
a. small size, long life and cell specialization.
b. generalized cells, longer life, and ability to prey on small animals.
c. larger size, more enemies, and specialized cells.
d. longer life, larger size, and specialized cells.
Chapter Review
9. In eukaryotic cells, which organelle contains the DNA?
a. nucleusb. Golgi complexc. Smooth ERd. vacuole
Chapter Review
10. Which of the following statements is part of the cell theory?
a. All cells suddenly appear by themselves.
b. All cells come from other cells.c. All organisms are multicellular.d. All cells have identical parts.
Chapter Review
11. The surface area – to – volume ratio of a cell limits…
a) The number of organelles that the cell has.
b) The size of the cell.c) Where the cell lives.d) The types of nutrients that the
cell needs.
Chapter Review
12. Two types of organisms whose cells do not have a nucleus are…
a. Prokaryotes and eukaryotesb. Plants and animals.c. Eubacteria and archaebacteria.d. Single-celled and multicellular
organisms.
Chapter Review
13. Explain why most cells are small.
Most cells are small because the surface area – to – volume ratio limits how big a cell can get.
This means that the cell cannot get enough nutrients or get rid of all the wastes if it gets too large.
Chapter Review
14. Describe the four levels of organization.
The cell is the simplest and most basic unit of all living things.
Tissues are a collection of similar cells that work together to perform a job.
Organs are a collection of different tissues that work together to perform a job.
Organ systems are a collection of organs that work together to perform a job.
Chapter Review
15. What is the difference between the structure of an organ and the function of the organ?
The structure of an organ is how the organ is organized or how it LOOKS.
The function of an organ is the JOB that organ actually does.
Chapter Review
16. Name two functions of a cell membrane.
The cell membrane encloses the cell and separates from the environment
The cell membrane also controls what enters or leaves a cell
Chapter Review
17. What are the structure and function of the cytoskeleton of the cell?
The structure of the cytoskeleton LOOKS like a web of proteins.
The JOB or function of the cytoskeleton is to provide support for the cell and to help with movement.
Chapter Review
17. Concept Mapping: Use the following terms to create a concept map: cells, organisms, Golgi complex, organ systems, organs, nucleus, organelle, and tissues
Chapter Review
cells
Organelles
Tissues
Golgi complex Organism
s
Are made of …
Combine to form…
Such as…
Nucleus
organs
Organ systems
Combine to form…
Combine to form…
Combine to form…
19. Making Comparisons: Compare and contrast the function of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex.
Chapter Review
•Series of folded membranes
•Makes lipids and proteins
•Delivers items throughout the cell inside passageways
ER Golgi Complex
•Takes materials from ER and packages them
•Puts items for delivery into sacs called vesicles
•Can send items out of the cell
•Both transport items throughout the cell
20. Identifying Relationships: Explain how the structure and function of an organism’s parts are related. Give an example.
The structure of an organ determines what the function will be. The example of the alveoli looking like a web of blood vessels allows oxygen and carbon dioxide to be exchanged (function).
Chapter Review
21. Evaluating Hypotheses: One of your classmates states a hypothesis that all organisms must have organ systems. Is your classmate’s hypothesis valid? Explain your answer.
The hypothesis is invalid because you can have unicellular organisms that are made of only one cell. There are no tissues, organs or organ systems.
Chapter Review
22. Predicting Consequences: What would happen if all of the ribosomes in your cells disappeared?
Ribosomes make proteins that are essential for the cell to function. Without ribosomes, you would die.
Chapter Review
23. Expressing opinions: Scientists think that millions of years ago the surface of the Earth was very hot and that the atmosphere contained a lot of methane. In your opinion, which type of organism, a eubacterium or an archaebacterium, is the older form of life? Explain your reasoning.
The archaebacterium is the older organism because it can live in more extreme (hotter) areas and one type actually makes methane and might be responsible for the high methane levels long ago.
Chapter Review
Interpreting Graphics: Use the diagram below to answer the questions that follow.
Chapter Review
24. What is the name of the structure identified by the letter a?
Letter a is the mitochondrion
Chapter Review
25. Which letter identifies the structure that digests worn out organelles and foreign invaders?
Letter b identifies the lysosome that does this job in the cell
26. Which letter identifies the structure that makes proteins, lipids, and other materials and that contains tubes and passageways that enable substances to move to different places in the cell.?
Letter c identifies the endoplasmic reticulum that does this function.
Chapter Review