• Reconstruction• Black codes• Carpetbaggers• Scalawags• Waving the Bloody Shirt

Reconstruction

• Reconstruction – a period after the Civil War to rebuild the country

• Life after the war in the North was not much different from life before the war

• The south was in bad shape• The money in the South was worthless

• What was the South going to do with the freedmen?

• Reconstruction is divided into three parts:

1. Presidential Reconstruction

2. Radical Reconstruction3. Bourbon

Reconstruction

Presidential Reconstruction

• Directed by President Lincoln and President Johnson

Lincoln’s ten percent plan

• States could re-establish their government once 10% of population took oath of allegiance

• A very lenient plan

• Tennessee, Arkansas and Louisiana met these terms and were ready to rejoin the Union.

• Radical Republicans refused to admit them.

Wade Davis Bill

• Majority of white males had to take oath of allegiance

• Confederate leaders could not hold office• Denied them right of suffrage• Much more radical plan

• Johnson basically used Lincoln’s plan

• Johnson started his plan while Congress was not in session.– Gave amnesty to Southerners who took an oath of

loyalty– Had to ratify the 13th Amendment– 10% had to take loyalty oath

• Congress refused to seat members from the newly “reconstructed” states

Then Johnson’s temper got in the way!

Why Northern Republicans were mad with the plan:

1. Confederates were being elected to office2. They felt the land of the big landholders

should be divided between former slaves3. Worried the Southern Democrats would gain

control of Congress4. Wanted blacks to have full citizenship rights

• Black codes – laws established in the south to restrict the rights of newly freed slaves.

• Southerners argued that the black codes prevented the chaos that could have come from freeing 4 million slaves at once.