catalyst. objective swbat explain how the periodic table is set up. swbat identify & calculate...
TRANSCRIPT
Catalyst
ObjectiveSWBAT explain how the periodic table is set up.
SWBAT identify & calculate atomic number.
SWBAT identify & calculate atomic mass / mass number.
Periodic Table Set Up 10.23.2008
Elements
• Elements have a characteristic (unique) set of chemical & physical properties.
• First organized into “periodic table” by Russian Chemist Mendeleev
Periodic Table Set Up 10.23.2008Elements -Have unique chem. & physical properties
-Organized into periodic table
Elements
• There is a universally understood symbol for each element. An element is represented in one of 2 ways:
•1. A capital letter
• Boron:
• Sulfur:
• Potassium:
Elements
• There is a universally understood symbol for each element. An element is represented in one of 2 ways:
•1. A capital letter
• Boron: B
• Sulfur: S
• Potassium: K (from the Latin: Kalium)
Periodic Table Set Up 10.23.2008Elements
Symbols
-Have unique chem. & physical properties-Organized into periodic table
- 2 ways to represent element: 1. Capital letter (e.g. B = Boron, S = Sulfur, Potassium = K)
Elements
• There is a universally understood symbol for each element. An element is represented in one of 2 ways:
•2. A capital letter + lowercase letter
•Calcium:
•Magnesium:
•Silicon:
Elements
• There is a universally understood symbol for each element. An element is represented in one of 2 ways:
•2. A capital letter + lowercase letter
•Calcium: Ca
•Magnesium: Mg
•Silicon: Si
Periodic Table Set Up 10.23.2008Elements
Symbols
-Have unique chem. & physical properties-Organized into periodic table
- 2 ways to represent element: 1. Capital letter (e.g. B = Boron, S = Sulfur, Potassium = K) 2. Capital letter + lowercase letter (e.g. Ca = Calcium, Mg = Magnesium, Si = Silicon)
Reading Periodic Table
Name
Symbol
Atomic #
Atomic Mass / Mass #
Periodic Table Set Up 10.23.2008Symbols
Reading Periodic Table
- 2 ways to represent element: 1. Capital letter (e.g. B = Boron, S = Sulfur, Potassium = K) 2. Capital letter + lowercase letter (e.g. Ca = Calcium, Mg = Magnesium, Si = Silicon)
Atomic #Symbol
Name Atomic Mass / Mass #
Atomic #
• Elements are distinguished from each other in the periodic table based on the number of protons in the nucleus
Atomic #
• Atomic # is equal to the number of protons (p+) in the nucleus.
Periodic Table Set Up 10.23.2008Reading Periodic Table
Atomic # Atomic # = # protons
Atomic #Symbol
Name Atomic Mass / Mass #
Atomic #
• Atomic # is equal to the number of protons (p+) in the nucleus.
• Uncharged atoms have the same # of protons & electrons.
Periodic Table Set Up 10.23.2008Reading Periodic Table
Atomic # Atomic # = # protons-In uncharged atoms, # protons = # electrons
Atomic #Symbol
Name Atomic Mass / Mass #
Atomic #
The atomic # is 6.
What is the number of protons?
6 protons
What is the # of electrons?
6 electrons
Periodic Table Set Up 10.23.2008Reading Periodic Table
Atomic # Atomic # = # protons-In uncharged atoms, # protons = # electrons- Ex. Carbon: Atomic # = 6, # p+ = 6, # e- = 6
Atomic #Symbol
Name Atomic Mass / Mass #
Mass #
• Another way to distinguish elements is by their total mass.
• Mass # = # protons + # neutrons
• Why doesn’t the mass # include the electrons?
• Electrons have an extremely small mass that barely contributes to the overall mass!
Periodic Table Set Up 10.23.2008Atomic #
Mass #
Atomic # = # protons-In uncharged atoms, # protons = # electrons- Ex. Carbon: Atomic # = 6, # p+ = 6, # e- = 6
-Mass # = # protons + # neutrons
Mass #
•Ex. 1: If an atom has 5 protons and 5 neutrons, what is the mass #?
•Mass # = 5p+ + 5n0 = 10
Periodic Table Set Up 10.23.2008Atomic #
Mass #
Atomic # = # protons-In uncharged atoms, # protons = # electrons- Ex. Carbon: Atomic # = 6, # p+ = 6, # e- = 6
-Mass # = # protons + # neutrons-Ex 1: 5p+ , 5n0 mass # = 10
Mass #
•Ex. 2: If an atom has a mass # of 17 and has 8 protons, what is the number of neutrons in the atom?
•# neutrons = mass # - # protons = 17-8 = 9
Periodic Table Set Up 10.23.2008Atomic #
Mass #
Atomic # = # protons-In uncharged atoms, # protons = # electrons- Ex. Carbon: Atomic # = 6, # p+ = 6, # e- = 6
-Mass # = # protons + # neutrons-Ex 1: 5p+ , 5n0 mass # = 10-Ex 2: Mass # = 17, 8p+ #n0 = 17-8=9
Mass #
•Ex. 3: If an atom has a mass # of 22 and an atomic # of 11, what is the number of neutrons?
•Atomic # = # protons = 11
•# neutrons = mass # - # protons = 22-11 = 11
Periodic Table Set Up 10.23.2008Atomic #
Mass #
Atomic # = # protons-In uncharged atoms, # protons = # electrons- Ex. Carbon: Atomic # = 6, # p+ = 6, # e- = 6
-Mass # = # protons + # neutrons-Ex 1: 5p+ , 5n0 mass # = 10-Ex 2: Mass # = 17, 8p+ #n0 = 17-8=9-Ex 3: Mass # = 22, Atomic # = 11 #n0 = 22-11 = 11
Summary
Take a few minutes to make a summary of today’s notes.
When done, work on your HW Packet!