calor de reaccion 4

7/21/2019 Calor de Reaccion 4

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INSTITUTO POLITCNICO NACIONAL

UNIDAD PROFESIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARIA DEBIOTECNOLOGA

DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOINGENIERA

LABORATORIO DE BIOINGENIERA

PRCTICA NO. 4

DETERMINACION DE CALOR DE REACCIN

EQUIPO 4

INTEGRANTES: ALVARADO DANIEL

CRUZ ENRIQUEZ ANAYANCY

IDIAQUEZ RIOS SHANDIRA ITZELLLANOS BARRANCO VICTOR SAL

ROJAS FALCON NANCY

PROFESORES(AS):CARTAS ROMERO ADA LUZ

LOBATO AZUCENO LINALOE

ABRICA GONZLEZ PAULINA

ANGELES GUADALUPE RIVERA

Fecha de en !e"a:#$%&e'%#4


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DETERMINACION DE CALOR DE REACCIN

INTRODUCCIN

Se e!"#$!% &%'"( e (e%&&$)! % '% &%!*$ % e e!e(+,% &%'"(,-$&% /e e' 0$0*e#%1% e &e e( " %20"(2e( 3%(% /e '% *e#3e(%*/(% 3e(#%!e &% &"!0*%!*e /(%!*e *" " e'3("&e0" e '% (e%&&$)! /,#$&%.

S$ e' #e $" e5*e($"( (e&$2e e!e(+,% '% (e%&&$)! 0e e!"#$!% e5"*6(#$&% 7 0$ e'0$0*e#% %20"(2e e!e(+,% 0e ''%#% e! "*6(#$&%. E! '%0 (e%&&$"!e0 e5"*6(#$&%08 0!e&e0$*% #e!"0 &%'"( 3%(% ("#3e( '"0 e!'%&e0 e' /e 0e e03(e! e( %' -"(#%( '"0!/e9"08 7 e! '%0 (e%&&$"!e0 e! "*6(#$&%08 "&/((e %' &"!*(%($"8 0e !e&e0$*% #:0 &%'"( 3%("#3e( '"0 e!'%&e0 e' /e 0e e03(e! e %' -"(#%( '"0 !/e9"0.

De %&/e( " &"! e' &($*e($" *e(#" $!:#$&" e 0$+!"08 3%(% /!% (e%&&$)! e5"*6(#$&%8 e'&%'"( e (e%&&$)! 0e(: !e+%*$9" 7 3%(% /!% e! "*6(#$&% 0e(: 3"0$*$9".

L% Le7 e He00 $&e /e &/%! " e! /!% (e%&&$)! /,#$&% '"0 (e%&*$9"0 0e &"!9$e(*e! e!3(" /&*"08 '% 9%($%&$)! e '% e!*%'3,% e0 e' #$0#" $! e3e! $e!*e#e!*e e /e 0e 9e($-$ /e'% (e%&&$)! e! /! 3%0" " e! /!% 0e($e e 3%0"0. E0*" 0$+!$-$&% /e8 0$ 0e 0e3%(% /!%(e%&&$)! e! /!% 0e($e e (e%&&$"!e0 &"! 9%'"(e0 e e!*%'3,% e (e%&&$)! &"!"&$ "08 0e3/e e &%'&/'%( ;H


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MATERIALES

MATERIAL EQUIPO REACTI OS>? &%'"(,#e*("0>? *e(#)#e*("0>@ %+$*% "( e 9$ ($">? 3("2e*%0 e @ #L>? 9%0"0 e 3(e&$3$*% "0 e ?#L

>@ 3%(($''% e'6&*($&% e H?

Le!*e=%0 e N%OHS"'/&$)! e N%OH . MS"'/&$)! e N%OH .? MS"'/&$)! e HC' .? MS"'/&$)! e HC' . M

DESARROLLO E*PERIMENTAL

A) DETERMINACION DEL CALOR DE DISOLUCIN DEL NaO+

@. C"'"&%( @ #' e H?O*e#3e(%*/(% %#2$e!*e e! e'

&%'"(,#e*(".?. Pe0%( @+ e N%OH 7 %+(e+%('"%' &%'"(,#e*("8 %+$*%( 1%0*% /e0e $0/e'9% &"#3'e*%#e!*e e'N%OH.

B) DETERMINACION DEL CALORDE NEUTRALI,ACION DE UN

ACIDO FUERTE POR UNA BASE FUERTE

@. C"'"&%( @ #' e 0"'/&$)! e HC' .? M e! e' &%'"(,#e*("?. Me $( @+ e N%OH8 %+(e+%( %' &%'"(,#e*("8 %+$*%( 1%0*% /e 0e $0/e'9%

&"#3'e*%#e!*e e' N%OH.

C) DETERMINACION DEL CALOR DE NEUTRALI,ACION DE UN ACIDO FUERTEPOR UNA BASE FUERTE


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@. C"'"&%( @ #' e 0"'/&$)! e N%OH .? M e! e' &%'"(,#e*(".?. Me $( @ #' e HC' .? M8 % $&$"!%( %' &%'"(,#e*(" /e &"!*$e!e N%OH.

RESULTADOS

De e!-.nac./n de 0a ca'ac.dad ca01!23.ca de0 ca01!2-e !1

Ta 0a #5 Da 1& 1 en.d1& e6'e!.-en a0e& 'a!a de e!-.na! 0a ca'ac.dad ca01!23.ca de0ca01!2-e !1

V"'/#e!e %+/%

%T a (m

V"'/#e!e %+/%&%'$e!*e

#L

M%0%e

%+/%-(,% +

m1

M%0% e%+/%

&%'$e!*e

m2

Te#3e(%*/( % e %+/%

-(,%T@

Te#3e(%*/( % e %+/%&%'$e!*e

T?

T final


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Ta 0a 45 Da 1& 1 en.d1& 'a!a 0a de e!-.nac./n de0 ca01! de ne8 !a0.9ac./n en !e e0 NaO+(&) +C0(ac)

N" ee53e($#e!*"

Volumen de

HCl0.25 M

mL

Cantidadde NaOH

g

No demoles

deHCl

moles

No demoles

deNaOHmoles

Temperatura delagua

ambienteT 1

Temperatura fnal de

ladisolucin

T final

C ! C "# #00 #.052$ 0.025 0.02%&2 2&

2'%.#5 2(

&0#.#5

2 #00 #.0$ 0.025 0.025$' 2#2').#

5 2$&00.#

5

Ta 0a ;5 Da 1& 1 en.d1& 'a!a 0a de e!-.nac./n de0 ca01! de ne8 !a0.9ac./n en !e e0 NaO+ (ac) +C0 (ac)

N" ee53e($#e!*"

Volumen de

HCl0.25

MmL

Volumende

NaOH0.25

g

No de

molesde HClmoles

No demoles

deNaOHmoles

Temperaturadel agua

ambienteT 1

Temperaturafnal de la

disolucinT final

C ! C "

# #00 #00 0.025 0.025 22 2'5.#5 2)2'$.#5

2 #00 #00 0.025 0.025 22 2'5.#5 2)2'$.#5

Ta 0a 4? . KJ mol

HC'%& >@ .4

KJ mol

N%C'%& > 411.119

KJ mol

H 2 o ' >? .

KJ mol

OH%&>?? . 4 KJ mol

N%OH%&>4 .N%%& 0

KJ mol

N%


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KJ mol

Ta 0a >5 a01!e& e/!.c1& de 0a& en a0'.a& de d.&108c./n ne8 !a0.9ac./n

N" ee53e($#e!*

"

H $0"'/&$)! eN%OH 0J

H !e/*(%'$ %&$)! eN%OH 0 HC' %&J

H !e/*(%'$ %&$)! eN%OH %& HC' %&J

@ @ .4 >?.@@@ 0.4432

Ta 0a ?5 a01!e& e6'e!.-en a0e& de 0a& en a0'.a& de d.&108c./n ne8 !a0.9ac./n

N" ee53e($#e!*"

H $0"'/&$)!e N%OH 0

J

H !e/*(%'$ %&$)! eN%OH 0 HC' %&

J

H !e/*(%'$ %&$)! eN%OH %& HC' %&

J@ 4. @. @ @.

AN@LISIS DE RESULTADOSSe #$ $) '% &%!*$ % e &%'"( /e 0e %20"(2e " 0e e03(e! e e! (e%&&$"!e0 /e *$e!e!'/+%( e! $0"'/&$)! %&/"0%8 /*$'$ %! " /! &%'"(,#e*(".

L% &%!*$ % e &%'"( %0"&$% % % '%0 (e%&&$"!e0 /,#$&%0 7 % '"0 &%#2$"0 -,0$&"0 0ee0*%2'e&$) #$ $e! " '"0 &%#2$"0 e *e#3e(%*/(% e '% $0"'/&$)!.

C/%! " 0e ''e9% % &%2" /!% (e%&&$)! e !e/*(%'$ %&$)! e! /! &%'"(,#e*(" #e &'%! " /!%$0"'/&$)! e /! :&$ " &"! "*(% e /!% 2%0e8 e' &%'"( '$2e(% " e! '% (e%&&$)! e!e/*(%'$ %&$)! e0 %20"(2$ " 3"( e' %+/% 7 3"( '%0 3%(e e0 e' &%'"(,#e*(".E! '% 3(:&*$&% 0"'" 0e /*$'$ ) /! 0"'" &%'"(,#e*(" 7% /e '% &%3%&$ % &%'"(,-$&% e /!" ee''"0 0%'$) !e+%*$9" '" &/%' 0e 3/ " e2e( % /e e0*e 7% *e!,% /!% -$0/(% %/! /e !" e(%%3(e&$%2'e % 0$#3'e 9$0*%.

P%(% e*e(#$!%( '"0 #"'e0 /e (e%&&$"!%! e! &% % (e%&&$)! &"((e03"! $e!*e 0ee*e(#$!% &/%' e0 e' (e%&*$9" '$#$*%!*e 7% /e %' *6(#$!" e e0*e 7% !" e5$0*e (e%&&$)!. E!'% (e%&&$)! e &%'"( e $0"'/&$)! e' N%OH '% e03e&$e/ *$e!e /!% e!*%'3$% e-"(#%&$)! e 7% /e %&* % &"#" e'e#e!*".

CONCLUSIONESE' &%'"( e (e%&&$)! e0 '% &%!*$ % e e!e(+,% &%'"(,-$&% /e e' 0$0*e#% 1% e &e e( "%20"(2e( 3%(% /e '% *e#3e(%*/(% e' 0$0*e#% (e%&*$9" 3e(#%!e &% $!%'*e(% % e! e'&%#2$" (e%&*$9"> 3(" /&*". C/%! " H e0 /!% (e%&&$)! e! "*6(#$&% 7 &/%! " H (e%&&$)! e5"*6(#$&%.

T" %0 '%0 (e%&&$"!e0 $!9"'/&(% %0 e! '% 3(:&*$&% 0"! e5"*6(#$&%0.

L"0 (e0/'*% "0 e53e($#e!*%'e0 */9$e("! /! #%(+e! e e(("( e2$ " %' e /$3" 7 % 0/#%!$3/'%&$)!..


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BIBLIOGRAFIA

EIQ8 BUI8 TQ F%2$" Ge(#:! B"(+"+!" C"#3e! $" e P("3$e % e0 T%2'% eE!*%'3,% e F"(#%&$)!8 E!e(+,% L$2(e e G$220 7 E!*("3,% e F"(#%&$)! eC"#3/e0*"0 I!"(+:!$&"0


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+O A DE CALULOS

Ta 0a N15 # N15 $

P%(% &%'&/'%( '% &%3%&$ % &%'"(,-$&% e '"0 &%'"(,#e*("0 0e /*$'$ " '% 0$+/$e!*e -"(#/'%

m2 Cp H 2 O (T 2 T final )= C (T final T 1 )+m1 Cp H 2 O (T final T 1 )

De03e=%! " % C *e!e#"0

C =m2 Cp H 2 O (T 2 T final) m1 Cp H 2 O (T final T 1 )

(T final T 1 )

S/0*$*/7e! " %*"0 "2*e!$ "0 e53e($#e!*%'#e!*e 7 *"#%! " % @#L e %+/% @+ e %+/%8 *e!e#"03%(% e' &%'"(,#e*(" e $0"'/&$)!8

C =50 g( 4.180 J gK )(317.15 304.15 k ) 50 g(4.180 J gK )(304.15 295.15 k )

(304.15 295.15 k )

C = 92.89 J / K

P%(% e' &%'"( e !e/*(%'$ %&$)! *e!e#"0

C =50 g( 4.180 J gK )(317.15 306.15 k ) 50 g(4.180 J gK )(306.15 294.15 k )

(306.15 294.15 k )

C = 17.42 J / K

Ta 0a 7: Pa!a e0 c 0c801 de -10e& NaO+

E6'e!.-en 1#

n= w PM

n=1.0437 g

40 gmol

. ? #"'

E6'e!.-en 1$ n= w PM

n=1.0632 g

40 gmol

. ? #"'

Ta 0a 4: Pa!a e0 c 0c801 de -10e& +C0 NaO+

M10e& NaO+ M10e& de +C0


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E6'e!.-en 1#

n= w PM

n=1.0527 g

40 gmol

. ? ?

#"'

n= w PM M =

w PM V MWPMWV

.?mol L .

1 Lg

mol .@? + e! @L

n= 0.9125 g

36.5 gmol

0.025molE6'e!.-en 1

$

n= w PM

n=1.0317 g

40 gmol

. ?

#"'

Ta 0a ;: Pa!a e0 c 0c801 de -10e& +C0 NaO+ 5$;M

NaO+ 5$;M M =

w PM V MWPMWV

.?mol L 4

1 Lg

mol @ + e! @L

n= 1 g

40 gmol

. ? #"'

+C0 5$;M M = w

PM V MWPMWV

.?mol L .

1 Lg

mol .@? + e! @L

n=0.9125 g

36.5 gmol

. ? #"'

C%'&/'%! '"0 9%'"(e0 *e)($&"0 e &%'"( e

N%OH0 >4? . KJ mol

HC'%& >@ .4

KJ mol

N%C'%& > 411.119 H 2 o ' >? .

.@? >>>@LX >>>> .@L5 . @? +

@ + >>>>>@LX >>>> .@L 5 @+

.@? >>>@LX >>>> .@L 5 . @? +


10/12

KJ mol

KJ mol

OH%&>?? . 4 KJ mol N%OH%&> @@.4

KJ mol N%%&

0 KJ mol N% >?4 .4 ?

KJ mol

H reaccin = H productos H reacti os

DISOLUCION(A) !a (ac )

+

!aO H (s)+ H 2 O (l )" OH (ac )+ H 2 O (l )

EXPERIMENTO 1

H reaccin =[0.02609 mol OH ( 229.94 KJ mol )+0.02609 mol H 2 O( 285.5 KJ mol )]>[0.02609 mol !aOH ( 426.7 KJ mol )+5.6 mol H 2 O( 285.5 KJ mol )]

H reaccin = 13 #4478 KJ /#%0'.'&2% KJ #5'%.)' KJ

EXPERIMENTO 2

H reaccin =[0.02658 molOH ( 229.94 KJ mol)+0.02658 mol H 2 O( 285.5 KJ mol )]>

[0.02658 mol !aOH

( 426.7 KJ

mol )+5.6 mol H 2 O

( 285.5 KJ

mol )]

H reaccin = 13.7004 KJ /#%#0.#)#$ KJ #5'%.)) KJ

NEUTRALI,ACION(B) !aO H (s)+ HCl (l)" H 2 O (l)+ !aC l (ac )EXPERIMENTO 1

H reaccin =[0.025 mol !aCl ( 411.119 KJ mol)+0.025 mol H 2 O( 285.5 KJ mol)]>

[0.02632 mol !aOH ( 426.7 KJ mol )+0.025 mol HCl( 167.456 KJ mol)] H reaccin = 17.4155 KJ +15.4171 KJ = 1.9984 KJ

EXPERIMENTO 2


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H reaccin =[0.025 mol !aCl ( 411.119 KJ mol)+0.025 mol H 2 O( 285.5 KJ mol)]>[0.02579 mol !aOH ( 426.7 KJ mol )+0.025 mol HCl( 167.456 KJ mol)] H

reaccin= 17.4155 KJ +15.1909 KJ = 2.2245 KJ

NEUTRALI,ACION(C) !aO H (ac )+ HC l (l)"H 2 O (l )+ !aC l (ac )

EXPERIMENTO 1 y 2

H reaccin =[0.025 mol !aCl ( 411.119 KJ mol)+0.025 mol H 2 O( 285.5 KJ mol)]>

[0.025 mol !aOH ( 511.435 KJ mol )+0.025 mol HCl( 167.456 KJ mol)] H reaccin = 17.4155 KJ +16.9723 KJ = 0.4432 KJ

De e0*% #%!e(% 0e "2*$e!e! 3%(% '"0 *(e0 e53e($#e!*"0.

P%(% e*e(#$!%( '"0 9%'"(e0 e53e($#e!*%'e0 0e *$e!e '% e&/%&$)!

C +C p H 2 O mtotal (T final T inicial )= J Hneutrali$acin =

C +C p H 2 O mtotal (T final T inicial )= J Hdisolucin =

S/0*$*/7e! " %*"0 3%(% '% #$0#% (e%&&$)! e' e=e#3'" %!*e($"( *e!e#"0

A)

Hneutrali$aci n = 92.88

J K

+(4.180 J

gK 101.04373 g)(304.15 K 295.15 K ) 4 .@ @J

K4. ? J


J K

+( 4.180 J gK

101.0317 g)(302.15 K 296.15 K ) 4@?@. 4 @JK

4.@?? J

B)


J K

+(4.180 J

gK 4.6987 g)(301.15 K 296.15 K ) @ 4. JK@.

4 J


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J K

+(4.180 J

gK 4.6777 g)(300.15 K 294.15 K ) 4. JK .

4 J

C)


J K

+(4.180 J

gK 103.734 g)(297.15 K 295.15 K ) @ ?. ?JK@.

J

calor de reaccion 4

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