byzantine empire. justinian claim to fame… 1.hagia sophia 2.justinian’s code 3.reclaim the land...
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Byzantine Empire
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JUSTINIANClaim to fame…
1. Hagia Sophia2. Justinian’s Code3. Reclaim the land of the Roman
Empire - General Belasarius…
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Hagia SophiaFor a 1,000 years it was the largest cathedral. Now the 4th.
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Hagia Sophia
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Hagia Sophia
• Church of Holy Wisdom• Giant cathedral- largest in world for a 1,000
years… Now the 4th largest.• Mosiacs and Murals inside
• Domes in the Hagia Sophia and across Constantinople.
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Tour of Constantinople/Instanbul
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Mosiac of Justinian
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Theodora
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?
• “Rather let the crime of the guilty go unpunished than condemn the innocent.”
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Justinian Code
Four parts to his code…1. DIGEST – decisions of the great Roman
jurists. ( court decisions)2. INSTITUTES- Textbook for law students3. NOVELS- edicts ( orders) given by Justinian4. CODEX- Statutes and principles. ( written
laws)
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BelasariusHelped put down the Nika Revolt
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Reclaimed lost Roman Empire land
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Belasarius
• Helped crush the Nika Revolts
• Won back much of Italy and North Africa
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RELIGION AND GOVERNMENT
• ABSOLUTISM- The idea that the emperor had complete power over everything in Constantinople- government and religion.
• Head of the Church and Government• Christianity the official religion. • Constantine converted to Christianity when he
moved the capital to Byzantium.
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CHRISTIANITY
• EUROPE AND THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE UNITED IN ONE FAITH…CHRISTIANITY
• EVERYONE WAS SUPPOSE TOBE CHRISTIAN…• THEY FOUGHT OVER ISSUES…• ICONS – RELIGIOUS IMAGES, statues, and
artwork.( SHOULD RELIGIOUS IMAGES BE USED IN WORSHIP?)
• FOUGHT FOR 100 YEARS
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ICONSICONS OK IN THE WEST ( ROME) NOT IN THE EAST.
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• THOUGHT THAT IT WAS IDOL WORSHIP…FORBIDDEN BY GOD.
• 730 EMPEROR LEO BANNED USE OF ICONS • PEOPLE IN ROMAN CHURCH DID NOT LIKE THIS…
SOME PEOPLE COULD NOT READ…ICONS MADE IT EASY TO WORSHIP…
• (PARTS OF ITALY UNDER BYZANTINE RULE) • POPE GREGORY III ( ROME) EXCOMMUNITCATE
LEO….LEO AND SUPPORTERS NO LONGER MEMBERS OF THE CHURCH!
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EAST AND WEST VERY DIFFERENT
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WEST
• FRANKISH/ GERMANIC CULTURE• SPOKE LATIN• RURAL/ AGRICULTURE• HEAD OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH IS
THE POPE.All the power.He chose the Emperor.
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EAST
• EAST• Spoke Greek• MANY CITIES …TRADE AND WEALTH• HEAD OF THE CHURCH CHOSEN BY THE
EMPEROR IS CALLED THE PATRIARCH
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Byzantine Empress Irene V. Charlemagne
Rome Byzantine Empress Irene
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Patriarch v. Pope
• Patriarch…would not recognize the Pope as supreme authority.
• Pope Leo would not recognize Empress Irene as leader.
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Who is in charge?
• Pope Leo crowns Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor.
• Byzantines still felt Empress Irene in charge.
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THIS LEADS TO THE SPLIT WITHIN THE CHURCH. IT IS KNOWN AS THE GREAT SCHISM.
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1054GREAT SCHISM- SPLIT BETWEEN EAST AND WEST CHURCH
• PATRIARCH CERULARIUS CLOSED ALL CHURCHES THAT WORSHIPED WESTERN RITES.
• POPE LEO WENT TO HAGIA SOPHIA AND EXCOMMUICATED HIM…
• CERULARIUS EXCOMMUNICATED THE POPE…• REALLY ONLY SYMBOLIC….
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CHRISTIANITY SPLIT INTO TWO BRANCHES
• EAST BECOMES THE EASTERN ORTHODOX CHURCH. ( ORTHODOX MEANS “RIGHT BELIEF”) Headed by the Patriarch.
• WEST BECOMES ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH HEADED BY THE POPE.
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