business enviornment - copy.pptx

8/20/2019 Business Enviornment - Copy.pptx

1/77

Business is the organized eforts o enterprises tosupply consumers with goods and services or aprot

What is Business???


2/77


3/77


4/77

Classication o Business %nviornment

2+%3ternal ( "acro


5/77

External Environment

• 4ncludes all actors outside the organizationwhich provide opportunities or pose threatsto the organization

• 5ncontrolla*le actors

• Consists of Macro and Microenvironment


6/77

"acro %nvironment

It comprises general trends andforces that may not immediately

aect the organization butsooner or later ill alter the ayorganization operates!


7/77

"icro %nvironment

"It consists of the factors in thecompany#s immediate environment

that aect the performance of thecompany$!


8/77

Internal Environment

6eers to all the actors that are within an organization which

impart strengths or cause ea%nesses of strategic nature+

Controlla*le actors+ .hese include7

8alue system

"ission and ,*9ectives

"anagement tructure and :ature


9/77

Components of InternalEnvironment

;uman 6esources

Company 4mage and Brand %


10/77

&vervie of Business Environment

MACRO ENVIRONMENT

ECONOMICEnvironment

MICRO ENVIRONMENT

BUSINESS

Internal Environment

Values,Mission & Objectives

!uman Resources,Co Ima"e & Bran# E$uit%

TEC!NOO'ICA(ACTORS

MAR)ETIN'INTERME*IARIES

*EMO'RA+!IC(ACTORS

SOCIACUTURA(ACTORS

'on ( Economic

Environment


11/77

Environmental )nalysis

%nvironmental canning

.he process *y which organizations monitortheir opportunities and threats afecting

their *usiness is #nown as environmentalscanning

W,. )nalysis


12/77

• *as% Environment o an organizationis the environment which directly afects

the organization rom attaining *usinessgoals+

• 4t is the set o conditions originating

rom suppliers distri*utors customersand competitors which directly afectsthe organization rom achieving itsgoals+


13/77

%3amples o how tas# environmental actors in0uencethe *usiness

Customers

• Customers decide the ate o any company and hence companies try their level*est to lure them+

+uppliers

• uppliers have high *argaining power i the raw materials *eing supplied are

rare or i there are less num*er o suppliers in the mar#et+

• o it@s important to hold on the suppliers and maintain good relationship withthem+

•

)cting intelligently companies oten maintain more num*er o suppliers toreduce ris# o deserting *y anyone+

Wholesalers , -etailers

• .hey play a vital role in a tas# environment+

Competitors

• >irect competitors ' 4ndirect Competitors

• %+g+ Pharmaceutical Companies• ;ealth clu*s !yms


14/77

• Characteristics of BusinessEnvironment

• 4nterrelatedness ) change in one element can cause

changes in others

e+g+ ocial pressures led to anti pollutionlaws

( 4n >elhi new registrations o the 58s

a*ove A cc capacity are *anned• i+e+ ;igh %nd diesel cars

• ;igher prices o >iesel leads

to increase in prices o the


15/77

A+ 8olatility

5npredicta*le shits in the economy

6apid changes in the customer preerences

6apidly changing technology

;ence *usiness environment is volatile

+ Comple3ity

=irms reependence

.he e3tent to which an organization is dependent on itsenvironment+

.he degree o dependence depends upon theorganization@s need or vital resources rom outside+

e+g+ ) rm re


16/77

• 5ncertainty

• .he *usiness environment is less

predicta*le• >ecision ma#ing *ecomes diGcult due

to environmental uncertainty+

.he *usiness environment is moreuncertain ' unpredicta*le due to

6apid changes

4nterrelatedness *etween its variouscomponents

6esources constraints

%nvironmental uncertainty is due to its


17/77

=actors afecting 4nternal %nvironment

• ,*9ectives o the rm

• What are the goals o the company ?

e+g+ ales Prot ' !rowth o*9ectives

,rganizational 6esources

2+=inancial 6esources

a+ )c


18/77

A+Physical resources

a+Plant

%Gciency o the mg+ plantWarehouses

,Gce *uildings

*+ $ocation o the plantCloseness to the suppliers consumer

mar#ets

)ccessi*ility to the transportation)vaila*ility o la*ors

c+6aw material resources

)vaila*ility


19/77

+ ;uman 6esources ( People

People are the #ey resource or any *usiness rm

cientists

%ngineers

Computer operators

Proessional managers

a+ )*ilitiesDnowledge ' s#ills o the employees

=ullling training needs o the employees ordevelopment

*+ :eeds

Weather *usiness org+ is ta#ing care ' satisyingindividual personal needs to #eep them highly

motivated ?


20/77

c+ )ptitudes

) person@s potential capacity to perorm certain tas#+

5nless people with the right aptitude are selected training will *e a waste+

d+ %3pectations

)*ility o management to ulll the reasona*le e3pectations o theemployees

e+ Perceptions

Perceptions o the employees strongly in0uence their e3pectation'*ehavior+

+ )ttitudes

4t means li#es ' disli#es

)ttitude afects the perceptions ' *ehavior o the people

)ttitude o the employee towards the wor# in0uence the perormance atwor#

H+ 8alues

8alues are general *elie a*out what is good or *ad

right or wrong

%thics "orality

$eadership styles also in0uence the *ehavior ' perormance o the peoplein an organization+


21/77

F+ystem and .echnological resources

.his is related to the manner in which

the goods ' services are produced+ .echnology

a+ ystem capa*ilities 7

6eer to the process aspect&uality control

6eward policies

>istri*ution system

,rganizational structure


22/77

*+.echnological Capa*ilities

.echnology includes com*ination o s#ills e


23/77

=actors afecting %3ternal %nvironment

%conomic =actors

a+ %conomic conditions*+%conomic policies

c+ %conomic ystems

a! Economic conditionsChanges in demand pattern

e+g+

>eveloped %conomy 7 >emand or lu3ury goodsis more ;igh spending power o the people

>eveloping %conomy7 People are willing to *uylu3urious goods at lower costs+


24/77

b!Economic policies

Economic policies are decided by thegovernment!

*hey have great impact on the businesses!

e!g! Monetary , .iscal policies

e+g+ 6estrictive import policy is *enecial or

protecting domestic industries+ While additional incentives to e3porters will

*oost the e3port oriented *usinesses+

e+g+ Banning e3ports o agricultural commodityli#e onion sugar have great impact on therespective *usinesses+

e+g+ =le3i*le =>4 policy will *e having adverse

efect on the domestic industry+


25/77

c! Economic +ystems

=ree "ar#et %conomy or Capitalist

ystem do not utilize price controls or su*sidies

and preer less regulation o industry

and production+• "ar#et decisions rely on supply and

demand or pricing+

• "ar#et economies are *ased onconsumers and their *uying decisionsrather than under government control+


26/77

• Command E6estrictiveE Planned economy(Communism

• .he government controls all economic activity+ 4n a

government-directed economy the mar#et playslittle to no role in production decisions+

• .hey are less 0e3i*le than mar#et economies andreact slower to changes in consumer purchasing

patterns and 0uctuations in supply and demand+&ther /ey 0ariables1Indicators

• 4n0ation

• 4nterest 6ates

• !>P

• toc# "ar#et

• Currency %3change 6ate

• Balance o Payments


27/77

• "i3ed %conomy

• ) mi3ed economy com*ines


28/77

• A+ Political =actors

• !overnment is *elonging to the political parties

•

CountryIs economic legal policies arein0uenced *y leading political parties+

• .here has to *e perect coordination *etweenthe govt+ ' the *usiness community+

• Business community should actively participatein policy ma#ing process *y advising givingnecessary suggestions inormation to thegovt+

Political in0uence may afect the prospects othe *usiness+

Business should not adopt malpractices in order

to grow ' survive+


29/77

+$egal actors

$egal ramewor# or the *usinesses is created *y

govt+

e+g+ Consumer protection act

"inimum wages act

Wor#man@s compensation act

"6.P )ct ( "onopolistic 6estrictive .radePractices

4ncome .a3 )ct

Company )ct

%ssential Commodity )ct etc

.oo stringent legal structure afects the growth '

survival o the *usinesses+

4t should *e easy to understand ' operate


30/77

F+;uman =actors

Pu*lic 6elations

• C6• ocial contri*utions

.o ensure the positive image ' the

rwputation o the companye+g+ .).) 7 Cancer ;ospital

>onations *y the corporate houses

to Prime "inister 6elie =und( :atural Calamities

:>.8 7 ave .iger "ission


31/77

J+Cultural =actors

Culture is dominated *y religion and customs+

4ndia is having everal customs ' traditions+

.he *usiness is or the society ' the society@sconsumption pattern is greatly afected *y itsculture+

K+ 4nternational =actors!lo*al *usiness environment

4mport ' e3port rules ' regulations o eachcountry

eparate ta3 ' tarif rules

Political sta*ility worldwide

Wars

!lo*al recession


32/77

H+ .echnological =actors

.echnology contri*utes towards the

success growth ' eGciency o the*usiness+

6apid changes in the technology

e+ g+4nnovations in communicationtechnology

.echnological changes in the automo*ile

industry+5se o the latest technology is essential

or *usinesses to survive to succeed+

Positive as well as negative efects


33/77

L+ :atural =actorsPlays vital role in the success ' the growth o the *usiness

)vaila*ility o $and Water 6aw "aterial

=avora*le climatic conditions%+!+ )griculture sector

Cultiva*le land

4rrigation ascillities

"ining industry

e+g+ Coal mines 7 uGcint resources o coal

)luminum "anuacturing 4ndustry

uGcient resources o Bau3ite ( ore is needed

%astern "aharashtra 7 Cotton grown region

.e3tile 4ndustry is dominant+

Western "aharashtra 7 ugarcane grown region

ugar 4ndustry is dominant


34/77

M+ ocial =actors

Business has to wor# or the society ' in thesociety

)spirations demands o the society need to *eloo#ed ater *y the *usiness+

&uality products ' services at the reasona*le

prices%cological *alance has to *e maintained *y the

*usiness community

Businesses improve the lie style

=ocus on reducing consumer dissatisaction levels

)voiding unair practices in the *usiness

Building social awareness

2 > hi =


35/77

2+>emographic =actors

Population

)ge Composition

!ender4ncome

=amily ize

%ducational $evels

,ccupatione+g+ >iscount retailers tend to ocus more on lower-to-middle income earners *y emphasizing value aforda*ilityor low-cost products and services or people on a *udget+

W)$-")6. - %>$P

;igh-end retailers commonly target customers with higher-level incomes ( hoppers top

e+g+ "a9or occupation in rural 4ndia is =arming

hence it is a most attractive mar#et or the products li#e

.ractors =ertilizers Pesticides eeds etc

Ch t A


36/77

Chapter APro*lems o !rowth

!rowth is a sign o dynamicorganization

!rowth can *e measured *y theincrease in sales prots production+

4 a *usiness does not grow it will *ediGcult or it to survive in the long run+


37/77

=eatures o !rowth

• 2radual , Continuous process

•

%ssential or prots ' survival• )chievement through expansion 3 diversi4cation

and merger

• !rowth is a sign o an active and living organization

• Important ob5ective of business

• .o ensure growth optimum utilization o resources is must

• Measurement of 2roth

• !rowth can *e measured

•

( 4ncrease in sales Prots Production o an enterprise• 0isibility

• !rowth is visi*le

• ( 4ncrease in sales Prots Production o an enterprise

0 l f )


38/77

• 0alue of )ssets

• !rowing value o assets

• *otal number of or%ers employed

• But this indicator may not *e accurate

• %+g+ =irm having $a*or 4ntensive method '

• =irm having capital intensive methods may

have same rate o growth

6uantity of poer , materials used

)n increase in the consumption o power

material water etc *y a rm is an indicatoro its growth+

$imitations 7 4ncrease might *e due to wastage' ineGcient use o these materials+


39/77

0olume of &utput

4ncrease in production

0alue of output 4 a rm@s value o output has

continuously increased due to a specic

period a rm is said to *e growing+ $imitation 7 .he volume o output may

remain same *ut the value may

increase due to increase in the pricelevel+

;ere the increase in the value o output

does not indicate the real growth o the

0ol me of +ale


40/77

0olume of +ale

4ncrease in volume o sales is an indicator o growth

8olume o sales is more important than the volume o output

)n increase in volume o output will *e useless without acorresponding increase in total sales+

ales are *etter indicator than output+

*otal pro4t earned

.he total prot increases with increase in sales

;owever sometimes a rm may increase price per unit whichlead to increases prots+ But the overall output may *esame as *eore+

Capacity of plant

) rm may raise its plant@s production capacity or add a newplant or higher production+

Consumption of resources

)n increase in the annual consumption o resources li#e rawmaterial electricity etc+ indicates that the rm is growing+


41/77

trategies =or !rowth o Business

7!Internal 2roth +trategies

When strategies that *ring growthrom Nwithin@ the enterprise +

)!Expansion

B! 8iversi4cation9orizontal

0ertical

Concentrate

Conglomerate


42/77

A+%3ternal !rowth trategies

"erger

)malgamation)c


43/77

7!Internal 2roth +trategies

)!Expansion

Business e3pansion reers to raisingthe mar#et share sales revenue andprot o the rm+

•. Mar%et penetration•. Mar%et 8evelopment

•. :roduct 8evelopment

*o mar%et existing products in nemar%ets

'e :roducts in existing mar%ets

)chieving economies of +cale


44/77

B! 8iversi4cation• Concentric

• Concentric diversication involves adding newproducts or services that are related to your currentoferings+

• Concentric diversity aims or synergy

• %+g+

M,M

.ractor *usiness

58s *usiness

.wo Wheelers *usiness()utomo*ile 4ndustry

Colgate ; *oothpaste3 *ooth brush3 Mouth ash

< 8ental Care segment=

C l t di i4 ti


45/77

• Conglomerate diversi4cation;

• When a rm diversies into *usiness which is not related to its e3isting*usiness it is called conglomerate diversication+

• 4t reers to diversication *y entering entirely new and unrelated lines

o *usiness+• 4t involves totally a new area o *usiness+ .here is no relation *etween

the new product and the e3isting product+

4n *usiness a conglomerate is a company involved in multiple lineso *usiness+

e+g+

• -eliance Big *0

• -eliance Communication

• -eliance 8igital

• -eliance Capital

•

.ata "otors• .ata Chemicals

• .ata Communication

• .ata Consultancy ervices

• .ata teel

•

.his strategy helps to reduce ris# in the *usiness+

9 i l 8i i4 i


46/77

• 9orizontal 8iversi4cation

• .his diversication strategy involves thecreation o products that may not *e directlyrelated to current products ofered toconsumers *ut that are highly li#ely to stillappeal to the company@s e3isting client *ase+

• 4t involves addition o parallel products to thee3isting product line+

• ) company manuacturing rerigerator mayenter into manuacturing air conditioners+

• %+g+ ) retail organization involved in selling


47/77

Bac%ard integration;

• 4n *ac#ward integration the company e3pands its *usinessactivities in such a way that it moves *ac#ward o itspresent line o *usiness+

• Example;• >espite o *eing the leaders in .e3tiles to strengthen his

Position >hiru*hai )m*ani decided to integrate *ac#wardsand produce *res+

• ii! .orard integration;

• 4n orward integration the company e3pands its activities insuch a way that it moves ahead o its present line o*usiness+

• Example;

• :ew ealand *ased :atural health care products companyComvita purchased its ;ong Dong distri*utor !reen $ie $td+)nd thus achieved orward integration *y having access togreenlie@s retail stores sales staf and in store promoters+


48/77

• )n e3ample would *e a supermar#etrm that instead o contracting with

reight companies purchases its owntruc#s and distri*ution acilities that ituses to get ood items and household

products out to its various locations+

A %3ternal !rowth trategies


49/77

A+%3ternal !rowth trategies

"erger

• "erger is usion o two or more entities and it is a processin which the identity o one or more entities is lost+

• "erger reers to a riendly 9oining together o twoorganizations

• "ergers are usually *ased on the core competencies orms+

• )c


50/77

>oint 0enture

• ) contractual agreement 9oining together two ormore parties or the purpose o e3ecuting a particular*usiness underta#ing+

• )ll parties agree to share in the prots and losses o theenterprise+

• Example

• +ony(Ericsson is a 9oint venture

• Oapanese consumer electronics company onyCorporation and

• wedish telecommunications company Ericsson toma#e mo*ile phones+

• .he reason or this venture is to com*ine onyIsconsumer electronics e3pertise with %ricssonIstechnological leadership in the communications sector+

• Both companies have stopped ma#ing their own mo*ile

phones+

• /Centurion *an# o Pun9a*1 is merged

http://www.investorwords.com/9295/contractual.htmlhttp://www.investorwords.com/19249/agreement.htmlhttp://www.investorwords.com/623/business.htmlhttp://www.investorwords.com/8794/agree.htmlhttp://www.investorwords.com/4525/share.htmlhttp://www.investorwords.com/3880/profit.htmlhttp://www.investorwords.com/1710/enterprise.htmlhttp://www.investorwords.com/1710/enterprise.htmlhttp://www.investorwords.com/3880/profit.htmlhttp://www.investorwords.com/4525/share.htmlhttp://www.investorwords.com/8794/agree.htmlhttp://www.investorwords.com/623/business.htmlhttp://www.investorwords.com/19249/agreement.htmlhttp://www.investorwords.com/9295/contractual.html


51/77

• Centurion *an# o Pun9a* is mergedwith /;>=C *an#1

•

*ata +teels )cuired Corus3&ctober @AA8eal size; 7@!D billion3 Country;Fnited /ingdom

• *&MC& merged ith 9FG


52/77

• 4n amalgamation two or morecompanies 9oin orces to orm a single

entity+• )malgamation is *lending together o

two or more *usiness entities in aashion that *oth lose their identitiesand a new separate entity is *orn+

• %3ample

4 t l ! th t t i


53/77

• 4nternal !rowth trategies aredeensive in nature+

• .hey ensure survival ' progress inplanned manner ensuring sta*ility ande3pansion o the enterprise+

• %3ternal !rowth trategies areofensive in nature+

•

5seul in order to achieve signicantmar#et share growth ' prot+

Fnemployment


54/77

Fnemployment

4t is a situation when any one who is

not gainully employed in a productiveactivity+

)n unemployed person is one who is

see#ing any wor# or wages *ut isuna*le to nd any 9o* suited to hiscapacity+

5nemployment is oten used as ameasure o the health o the economy+


55/77

+tructural Fnemployment


56/77

when wor#ers loose their 9o*s *ecause their s#ills are o*solete or *ecause their 9o*s are transerred to other countries then they are structurally unemployed+

.here is a mismatch *etween the s#ills o the unemployed wor#ers and thes#ills needed or the 9o*s that are availa*le+

tructural unemployment occurs when a la*or mar#et is una*le to provide 9o*s oreveryone who wants one *ecause there is a mismatch *etween the s#ills o theunemployed wor#ers and the s#ills needed or the availa*le 9o*s+

-easons

"a9or advances in technology

=inding lower cost o la*ors overseas

+easonal Fnemployment

&ccurs hen there is limited need for a speci4c type of or% to beperformed during a certain time of the year!

4ndustries where seasonal unemployment is common include arming tourism etc

sugar mills and rice mills in which production activities are seasonal innature+ o they ofer employment or only a certain period o time in a year+

4nvoluntary 5nemployment


57/77

4nvoluntary 5nemployment

• .his is when people are una*le to wor#

*ecause there are insuGcient 9o*savaila*le in an economy+

8oluntary 5nemployment

4n every society there are some people

who are unwilling to wor# at theprevailing wage rate+

8isguised unemployment


58/77

8isguised unemployment+

When people do not have productive

ull-time employment+

%3ample

People doing part-time wor#+People orced to ta#e early retirement and

redundancy

• Casual Fnemployment;


59/77

Casual Fnemployment;

• 4n industries such as *uilding construction cateringor agriculture where wor#ers are employed on a

day- to-day *asis there are chances o casualunemployment occurring due to short-termcontracts which are termina*le any time+

• *echnological Fnemployment

• ) #ind o structural unemployment may ta#e placein an economy as a result o technologicalimprovement+ uch unemployment may *edescri*ed as technological unemployment+ >ue to

the introduction o new machinery improvement inmethods o production la*our-saving devices etc+some wor#ers tend to *e replaced *y machines+

.heir unemployment is termed as /technologicalunemployment+1

• 4n most underdevelopedEdeveloping


60/77

• 4n most underdevelopedEdevelopingcountries 5nemployment can *e o

ma9or types+• ,pen 5nemployment

• 4t reers to a situation where large no+ o

la*or orce does not get employmentopportunities that may yield themregular income+

• .he wor#ers have willingness anda*ility to wor# *ut they are not gettingthe 9o*+

• >ue to lac# o capital resources+

•

@!8isguised Fnemployment


61/77

@!8isguised Fnemployment

• When people do not have productive ull-timeemployment+

• >isguised unemployment is *asically due tohigh population pressure in a particular sectorand lac# o alternative 9o* opportunities+

• disguised unemployment may also *e oundamong wor#ers employed on a wage *asis+

• 8ery common in 6ural 4ndia+ ( )griculturesector

• )lso 4ndustrially developed countries maysufer due to cyclical unemployment( slowdown o *usiness cycle recession

• 5nderemployment


62/77

• 5nderemployment

• 4t can *e dened in two ways+

a+ ) situation where a wor#er does not getthe type o wor# he is capa*le o doing+

;e has the a*ilities ' can yield greater

income *ut he is denied the opportunitydue to the lac# o suita*le 9o*+

*+ ) wor#er does not get suGcient wor#

load to get him a*sor*ed as a ull timeemployee+ ( easonal unemployment

• :ature o 5nemployment in 4ndia


63/77

:ature o 5nemployment in 4ndia

• HR population lives in rural 4ndia+

• .hey are directly or indirectly dependant on the

agricultural sector ( )griculture ' allied activities li#edairy poultry arming etc

• >isguised unemployment is dominant in rural sector( 6ural unemployment

• Both unemployment ' underemployment e3ist inrural 4ndia+

• =arming is a ma9or occupation

• >ecline o handicrats ' village cottage industries

• low development o advanced cultivation practices• )*sence o alternative occupation

• 4ntroduction o agricultural machinery leads topro*lem o more no+ o unutilized la*or or disguised

unemployment+

Pro*lem o seasonal unemployment leads


64/77

Pro*lem o seasonal unemployment leadsto underemployment situation+

$ac# o irrigation acilities;ence rural unemployment ischaracterized *y the e3istence ounderemployment in the orm odisguised unemployment and seasonalunemployment+


65/77

• %ducated unemployment or White Caller


66/77

%ducated unemployment or White Caller5nemployment

•

4n the ur*an areas+• .he rate o unemployment is higher

among the educated than among theuneducated people+

• 2MK27 .otal educated unemploymentJ+HM lacs

• 2MH2 7 AA+M lacs

• 2ML7 A22 lacs

• Causes o 5nemployment


67/77

p y

2+ Bac#ward )griculture

"ethod o techni


68/77

p os e popu a o g o

2+A *n population

Poverty

5nderdeveloped ' developing countries havehigher level o poverty+

4nadeeective employment

planning"ore emphasis on capital intensive techni


69/77

y g

.he traditional handicrat was the main source o

employment or village cratsman artisans as

well as non agricultural wor#ers+ .hese *usinesses got hampered due to machine

made goods+

6egional disparities

$ac# o *alanced inrastructural ' industrialdevelopment across the various regions+

M+ >eective education system

$ac#s in developing manpower according to themanpower re


70/77

22+$ac# o vocational guidance ' training acilities

.echnical training 9o* oriented courses are reeective social system e+g+ lac# o importance o education amily planning

2F+ "iscellaneous reasons 7

>ecline in e3ports

5nderutilization o capacitylow growth o 4

$ac# o raw material power availa*ility

$ac# o inrastructural acilities

• "easures or the eradication o unemployment '


71/77

!overnment Policy

2+ 6apid 4ndustrialization

• %3pansion o e3isting ' the development o newindustries +

A+ 6econstruction o )griculture

"a9or occupation in 4ndia is arming+

.as# o converting arming as a highly prota*leoccupation+

%nsure the use o improved methods o cultivation

%nsuring 2R 4rrigation across all agricultural land

%fective water management

4mproving the production o agricultural comodities

)*sor*ing the surplus wor#orce in agriculture sector

in other trade ' industries+

• )doption of labor intensive techniues


72/77

• )doption of labor intensive techniues

• ( =or production

•

-eorientation of education system• Oo* oriented

• Proessional courses

• #ill development courses etc

• Control over population

• K+ %ncouragement to small enterprises

• =or *oosting sel employment

%ntrepreneurship+• "a#ing availa*le li*eral nance technical

training inrastructural acilities ' mar#etingsupport

• 6ural >evelopment chemes


73/77

6ural >evelopment chemes

• 6ural ' agriculture developmentschemesEinvestments

• 4ncreasing investments in rural sector+

• !uiding Centers ' more employmente3changes

• >ecentralization• $ac# o proper opportunities o employment

in villages ' small towns has led to themigration o people to ur*an areas or 9o*s+

• .his has resulted in the pro*lem o overcrowdedness ' ur*anization+

• ;ence it is re


74/77

4n the rural areas

4n the areas o education ' health

!overnment Policy "easures

:ational 6ural %mployment Programme( :6%P

.raining 6ural Touth =or el %mployment

( .6T%"mall =armers >evelopment )gency (=>)

>rought Prone )rea Programme (>P)P

4ntegrated 6ural >evelopment Programme( 46>P

Oawahar 6ozgar To9na( O6T

"ahatma !andhi :ational 6ural %mployment!uarantee )ct( "!:6%!)

) new deal or el %mployment


75/77

) new deal or el %mployment

• Pu*lic 4nstitutions can provide assistance or selemployment with respect to

• .raining

• Credit

• "ar#eting

• !eneral guidance or starting own ventures• .raining Programmes

• 4nitiative o .6T%" ( .he :ational cheme o .raining 6ural Touth or el %mployment

• =or matriculates ( C

• "anagement accounting "ar#eting

• hort training courses *y ;andicrat Board >airy

>evelopment Board

Credit =acilities


76/77

=inance *y commercial *an#s

"ar#eting =ascilities

Providing support to the 4 in mar#eting

"ar#et research

ales Promotion

!uidance

"any unemployed persons are unaware othe various acilities availa*le or starting

their own ventures+ .he university employment *ureaus

%mployment e3changes provide the

guidance+

,ther "easures


77/77

,ther "easures

) large no+ o ur*an sel-employed

consists o petty vendors tradershaw#ers home *ased producers+

.he ollowing steps will *e ta#en to assist

such persons+"unicipal Corporations will survey thepopulation o sel employed wor#ers *ytheir occupation+

>etermine their *asic minimum needs

Providing wor# sheds within industrialt t

business enviornment - copy.pptx

Documents