CRANIAL NERVES VII- XII

REVIEWBrittany Zarse

Elizabeth YeagerNathan Webb

What is the Main purpose of Cranial never IX?

A) Tongue and pharynx movement B) Hearing and Balance C) Sense of Smell B) Visual information

Answer!

A) Tongue and pharynx movement B) Hearing and Balance (CN 8

Vestibulocochlea) C) Sense of Smell (CN 1 Olfactory) B) Visual information (CN 2 Optic)

Cranial Nerve IX connects to the brain through the?

A. Midbrain B. Pons C. Medulla D. Cerebrum

Answer!

C) Medulla

Cranial Nerve IX is responsible for receiving?

A) Sensory information to 1/3 of the posterior tongue

B) General sensory information from the tonsils.

C) General sensory information from the soft palate and pharynx.

D) All of these

ANSWER!

D) ALL OF THESE

A) Sensory information to 1/3 of the posterior tongue

B) General sensory information from the tonsils.

C) General sensory information from the soft palate and pharynx.

Which cranial nerve supplies parasympathetic fibers to the pituitary gland?

A) CN X B) CN IX C) CN XI D) CN V

ANSWER!

B) Cranial nerve IX.Supplies parasympathetic fibers to

the parotid gland Which is the largest of the salivary glands found in the subcutaneous tissue of the face which empties its secretion within the buccal cavity.

Ipsilateral lesions of CN IX will result in?

A) Partial paresis (weakening) of the unilateral stylopharyngeal muscle.

B) Impaired cutaneous sensation from the posterior tongue.

C) Poor control of parotid glandD) All of theseE) None of these

ANSWER!

D) ALL OF THESE

A) Partial paresis (weakening) of the unilateral stylopharyngeal muscle. Affects elevation of pharynx during swallowing

B Impaired cutaneous sensation from the posterior tongue. Loss of gag reflex

C Poor control of parotid gland Excessive saliva secretion

Which Cranial Nerve innervates the exterior portion of the EAC and the TM?

A) X B) V C) VIII D) VII

ANSWER!

A) CN X supplies general sensory information from the external ear and parts of the external surface of the tympanic membrane.

BONUS: What kind of information?

BONUS ANSWER

SENSORY INFORMATION for touch, temperature and

pressure

Unilateral LMN damage to CN X is charaterized by:

A) Breathy Voice B) hoarseness and diplophonia C) difficulty in swallowing D) All of these

ANSWER!

D) ALL OF THESE

A) Breathy Voice and B) hoarseness and diplophonia are caused by paralysis of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx on the affected side.

C) difficulty in swallowing is cause by the inability to elevate the soft palate on the affected side (due to paralysis of the levator palatini muscle)

Which cranial never is the longest?

A) V B) VII C) X D) XI

ANSWER!

C) CN X

When damaged, which CN causes impairment to parasympathetic

functions such as heart-rate, function of smooth muscles of trachea and

bronchus, reflexes such as vomiting, coughing, sneezing, sucking, and

yawning?

A) IB) IXC) XD) XII

ANSWER!

C) X vagus nerve

A) I, damage could result in Anosmia/hyposmia – Reduction/loss of the ability to smellHyperosmia – Abnormally acute sensation of smell

B) IX, damage could result in loss of gag reflex, elevation of pharynx, and excessive saliva

D) XII, damage could result in paralysis of tongue

Cranial Nerve XI: Spinal Accessory Nerve

Motor nerve Head movement control Tilting of the head forward and rotating to

opposite side= sternocleidomastoid muscle contraction

Tilting of head back and to the side= trapezius muscle contraction

Clinical Testing – Trapezius- ask to shrug shoulders while giving

resistance Sternocleidomastoid= ask to turn head while

giving resistance

Cranial Nerve XII: Hypoglossal Nerve

Motor Nerve Innervates all of the intrinsic and 3 of the 4 major

extrinsic muscles of the tongue The other extrinsic tongue muscles is innervated by

what?

Hypoglossal Nerve Cont.

Clinical testing – Check for paralysis by asking to stick out their

tongue (will point towards paralyzed side during unilateral paralysis)

strength of the tongue measured by pushing a finger against their cheek and seeing how strongly they can push back

Also look for signs of fasciculation (Involuntary contractions and twitching of muscle) and muscular atrophy.

Clinical Conditions

Damages to the following cranial nerves result in: CN VII, Facial: CN VIII, Auditory: CN IX, Glosspharyngeal: CN X, Vagus: CN XI, Accessory: head movement problems CN XII, Hypoglossal: tongue paralysis, atrophy,

or fasciculation; dysarthria or chewing difficulties

How much do YOU know!?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

How much do YOU know!?

10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

How much do YOU know!?

19. Is the spinal accessory nerve a motor nerve, sensory nerve, or both?

20. You see a client who has difficulties with head movement. What cranial nerve could be affected?

21. The hypoglossal nerve innervates all of the extrinsic and 3 of the 4 major intrinsic muscles of the tongue. T or F?

22. During unilateral tongue paralysis, what side of the mouth does the tongue point towards?

23. The ______ muscle is in charge of the tilting of the head back and to the side.

24. What is fasciculation? 25. Tongue paralysis can be a sign of damage to what

cranial nerve?