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1DWLRQDO &HQWHU RI &RQWLQXLQJ (GXFDWLRQ ,QF ZZZQXUVHFHFRP The Brain on Stress Page 1 A NATIONAL EPIDEMIC WE ALL KNOW . . . . . . that U.S. Copyright Law grants to the copyright owner the exclusive right to duplicate copyrighted, printed and recorded materials. Piracy involves the illegal duplication of copyrighted materials. YOU MAY NOT KNOW . . . . . . that every time you use or make an illegal copy of cassettes or printed material in any form or by any method you may be subject to litigation. WKDW \RXU LQVWLWXWLRQ·V GXSOLFDWLRQ RU SURFHVVLQJ HTXLSPHQW PD\ DOVR EH FRQÀVFDWHG DQG GHVWUR\HG LI involved in illegal duplication. . . . that the penalty for criminal violation is up to ÀYH \HDUV LQ SULVRQ DQGRU D ÀQH XQGHU D tough new law. (Title 17, U.S. Code, Section 506, and Title 18, U.S. Code Section 2319). . . . that civil or criminal litigation may be costly and embarrassing to any organization or individual. We request you contact us immediately regarding illegal duplication of these copyrighted, printed materials. The National Center of Continuing Education will pay a substantial reward for information leading to the conviction of any individual or institution making any unauthorized duplication of material copyrighted by W.S. Keefer or The National Center of Continuing Education. Copyright © 2013 W.S. Keefer All rights reserved Published by the National Center of Continuing Education, Inc., Lakeway, Texas. Printed in the United States of America. We are proud to be a BBB Accred- LWHG %XVLQHVV 7KLV VLJQLÀHV ZH PHHW or exceed the Better Business Bu- UHDX·V VWDQGDUGV DQG UHTXLUHPHQWV Visit www.bbb.org 7KH %UDLQ RQ 6WUHVV +RZ 7UDXPD 'HSUHVVLRQ and Chronic Stress Alter Brain Function Authors: Meredith Patterson, RN, BSN, CRRN Shelda L. Hudson, RN, BSN, PHN Course Material valid through 05/2016 © © ELS Enhanced Learning & Skills... No Exams, Just Learning! Testing Mandatory For Florida & Electrologists Only Course # 830 Contact Hours: 5 Hours

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How Trauma and and Chronic Stress Alter Brain Function

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Page 1: Brain on Stress

��1DWLRQDO�&HQWHU�RI�&RQWLQXLQJ�(GXFDWLRQ��,QF����ZZZ�QXUVHFH�FRP The Brain on Stress Page 1

A NATIONAL EPIDEMIC

WE ALL KNOW . . .. . . that U.S. Copyright Law grants to the copyright owner the exclusive right to duplicate copyrighted, printed and recorded materials. Piracy involves the illegal duplication of copyrighted materials.

YOU MAY NOT KNOW . . . . . . that every time you use or make an illegal copy of cassettes or printed material in any form or by any method you may be subject to litigation.

������WKDW�\RXU�LQVWLWXWLRQ·V�GXSOLFDWLRQ�RU�SURFHVVLQJ�HTXLSPHQW�PD\�DOVR�EH�FRQÀ�VFDWHG�DQG�GHVWUR\HG�LI�involved in illegal duplication.

. . . that the penalty for criminal violation is up to À�YH�\HDUV�LQ�SULVRQ�DQG�RU�D����������À�QH�XQGHU�D�tough new law. (Title 17, U.S. Code, Section 506, and Title 18, U.S. Code Section 2319).

. . . that civil or criminal litigation may be costly and embarrassing to any organization or individual. We request you contact us immediately regarding illegal duplication of these copyrighted, printed materials. The National Center of Continuing Education will pay a substantial reward for information leading to the conviction of any individual or institution making any unauthorized duplication of material copyrighted by W.S. Keefer or The National Center of Continuing Education.

Copyright © 2013W.S. Keefer All rights reserved Published by the National Center of Continuing Education, Inc., Lakeway, Texas. Printed in the United States of America.

We are proud to be a BBB Accred-LWHG�%XVLQHVV��7KLV�VLJQLÀ�HV�ZH�PHHW�or exceed the Better Business Bu-UHDX·V�VWDQGDUGV�DQG�UHTXLUHPHQWV��

Visit www.bbb.org

7KH�%UDLQ�RQ�6WUHVV��+RZ�7UDXPD��'HSUHVVLRQ��and Chronic Stress Alter Brain Function

Authors: Meredith Patterson, RN, BSN, CRRN

Shelda L. Hudson, RN, BSN, PHN

Course Material valid through 05/2016

©©

E L SEnhanced Learning & Skills...

No Exams, Just Learning!

Testing Mandatory

For Florida & Electrologists Only

Course # 830Contact Hours: 5 Hours

Page 2: Brain on Stress

Page 2 The Brain on Stress ��1DWLRQDO�&HQWHU�RI�&RQWLQXLQJ�(GXFDWLRQ��,QF����ZZZ�QXUVHFH�FRP

Table of Contents

About The Author ........................................33XUSRVH�DQG�*RDOV ........................................3,QVWUXFWLRQDO�2EMHFWLYHV ...............................3Introduction ..................................................3$�+LVWRU\�/HVVRQ�LQ�6WUHVV��.H\�5HVHDUFKHUV�DQG�&RQFHSWV ....................3+LVWRULFDO�6WUHVV�´0HDVXUHPHQWµ���7KH�+ROPHV�5DKH�6FDOH ...............................46WUHVV�LQ�7RGD\·V�:RUOG ...............................47\SHV�RI�6WUHVV .............................................4+ROPHV�5DKH�6RFLDO�5HDGMXVWPHQW�5DWLQJ�6FDOH��)LJXUH��� ............................................56WUHVV�7ULJJHUV��$�0\ULDG�RI�&DWDO\VWV ........6� (PRWLRQDO�6WUHVVRUV ...............................6� 6RFLDO�6WUHVVRUV ......................................6� )DPLO\�6WUHVVRUV .....................................6� :RUN�6WUHVVRUV .......................................6� 3K\VLFDO�6WUHVVRUV ..................................6� 'LVHDVH�6WUHVVRUV ...................................66WUHVV��&KDQJH�DQG�'HFLVLRQ�0DNLQJ ..........62WKHU�6WUHVV�)DFWRUV .....................................67KH�)HHGEDFN�/RRS�6WUHVV�5HVSRQVH���+RZ�WKH�%UDLQ�DQG�WKH�%RG\�5HDFW ..............66WUHVV�DQG�'LVHDVH ........................................77KH�%UDLQ�RQ�6WUHVV ......................................7� 7KH�+LSSRFDPSXV�DQG�0HPRU\ ............7� 'HSUHVVLRQ��%'1)�DQG�/HDUQLQJ ..........8� 376'�DQG�WKH�$P\JGDOD .......................8� 6\PSDWKHWLF��3DUDV\PSDWKHWLF�DQG�WKH� 9DJXV�1HUYH ...........................................9� &DQ�0HGLWDWLRQ�+HOS" ............................9([HUFLVH�DQG�6WUHVV���5XQQLQJ�WKH�%OXHV�$ZD\ ..............................9

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Extraordinary e! orts have been made by the authors, the editor and the publisher of the National Center of Continuing Education, Inc. courses to ensure dosage recommendations and treatments are precise and agree with the highest standards of practice. However, as a result of accumulating clinical experience and continu-ing laboratory studies, dosage schedules and/or treatment recommendations are o" en altered or discon-

tinued. In all cases the advice of a physician should be sought and followed concerning initiating or discontinuing all medications or treatments. # e planner(s), author(s) and/or editor(s) of each course have attested to no con$ ict of interest nor bias on the subject. # e National Center of Continuing Education, Inc. does not accept commercial support on any course nor do they endorse any products that may be mentioned in the course. Any o! -label use for medications mentioned in a course is identi% ed as such. No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Page 3: Brain on Stress

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About the AuthorMeredith Patterson, RN, BSN, CRRN�KDV�

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Life Event Mean Value

Holmes-Rahe Social Readjustment Rating Scale

1. Death of spouse......................................... 100 2. Divorce ........................................................ 73 3. Marital separation from mate ................... 65 4. Detention in jail or other institution ......... 63 5. Death of a close family member................. 63 6. Major personal injury or illness................. 53 7. Marriage ..................................................... 50� ���� %HLQJ�ÀUHG�DW�ZRUN ..................................... 47 9. Marital reconciliation with mate ............... 45 10. Retirement from work ................................ 45 11. Major change in health or behavior

of a family member ...................................... 44 12. Pregnancy ................................................... 40������6H[XDO�GLIÀFXOWLHV ....................................... 39 14. Gaining a new family member through

birth, adoption, older child moving in ....... 39 15. Major business readjustment (merger,

bankruptcy) ................................................. 39������0DMRU�FKDQJH�LQ�ÀQDQFLDO�VWDWH� ................ 38 17. Death of a close friend ................................ 37 18. Changing to a different line of work.......... 36 19. Major change in the number of arguments

with spouse (regarding child-rearing, personal habits) .......................................... 35

20. Taking out a mortgage or loan for a major purchase (e.g., home, business, etc.) ......... 31

21. Foreclosure on a mortgage or a loan ......... 30 22. Major change in responsibilities at work

(promotion, demotion, lateral transfer) ..... 29 23. Son or daughter leaving home

(marriage, college) ...................................... 29

24. Trouble with in-laws .................................. 29 25. Outstanding personal achievement ........... 28 26. Spouse beginning or ceasing work outside

the home...................................................... 26 27. Beginning or ceasing formal schooling ...... 26 28. Major change in living conditions ............. 25 29. Revision of personal habits

(dress, manners) ......................................... 24 30. Trouble with the boss ................................. 23 31. Major change in working hours

or conditions................................................ 20 32. Change in residence ................................... 20 33. Changing to a new school........................... 20 34. Major change in type and/or amount

of recreation ................................................ 19 35. Major change in church activities ............ 19 36. Major change in social activities

(dancing, movies) ....................................... 18 37. Taking out a mortgage or loan for a lesser

purchase (car, TV, freezer) ......................... 17 38. Major change in sleeping habits ................ 16 39. Major change in number of family get

togethers .................................................... 15 40. Major change in eating habits .................. 15 41. Vacation ...................................................... 13 42. Christmas ................................................... 12������0LQRU�YLRODWLRQV�RI�ODZ��WUDIÀF�WLFNHWV��

disturbing the peace) .................................. 11

TOTALS ......................................................... 1466

Adapted From: Holmes, T. H., and Rahe, R. H. (1967). The Social Readjustment Rating Scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 11, 213-218.

Life Event Mean Value

Figure 1

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Page 7: Brain on Stress

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5HIHUHQFHVBenson, H. 1976. Steps to Elicit

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