BIOLOGY CHAPTER 8 REVIEWMouse Mischief

Which of the following best describes the cell membrane

waterproof layer of sugars connected to surface protein

single layer of amino acids

double layer of phospholipids

thick layer of glycoproteins

What is the difference between passive transport and active transport?

Passive transport requires energy, and active transport does not.

Active transport requires energy, and passive transport does not

Passive transport uses carrier proteins, and active transport does not.

Active transport uses carrier proteins, and passive transport does not

The discharging of materials to the outside of a cell using vesicles is called

exocytosis

endocytosis.

passive transport

channeling proteins.

When a receptor protein in a cell membrane acts as an enzyme, the receptor protein

changes its shape to allow the signal molecule to enter the cell.

triggers a chemical reaction in the cell

activates a second messenger that acts as a signal molecule within the cell.

changes the permeability of the cell membrane.

When a particle moves across a cell membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of higher concentration, the cell is using

diffusion

facilitated diffusion

osmosis

active transport

Receptor proteins have binding sites, each with a unique shape because

the outer amino acids fold in a complex pattern

the inner amino acids arrange themselves in a dense ball.

vesicles change the shape of the cell membrane.

these proteins can respond to light from the environment

Which of these are the two categories of transport proteins?

receptor proteins and glycoprotein

glycoproteins and channel proteins

channel proteins and carrier proteins

carrier proteins and receptor proteins

Why are phospholipids ideal for making up the selectively permeable cell membrane?

They repel small ions

They react readily with water molecules.

They form triple layers that insulate the cell

They have a nonpolar and a polar region.

The membrane-bound proteins that identify a cell type are

enzyme

glycoproteins

receptor proteins.

transport proteins

Which substance crosses the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion

oxygen

sugar

sodium ion

chloride ion

The concentration of molecule X is greater inside a cell than it is outside the cell. If the cell acquires X from its surroundings, X

must cross the cell membrane by means of

exocytosis.

active transport.

receptor proteins

second messengers

A cell begins to swell when it is placed in an unknown solution. What can you conclude about the solution?

The solution is isotonic

The solution is hypotonic

The solution is saturated

The solution is hypertoni

Which proteins transmit information into a cell by binding to signal molecules

end protein

marker proteins

channel protein

receptor proteins

What will happen to a cell (1% salt) that is placed in a 5% salt solution?

Salt moves in

Salt moves out

Water moves in

Water moves out

Osmosis Lab: Which potato cube lost water to the NaCl solution?

Which of the following is a characteristic of active transport?

It moves substances against a concentration gradient.

It requires energy from the cell

Both (a) and (b)

Diffusion is the movement of a substance

through only a lipid bilayer.

only in liquids from an area of high

concentration to an area of lower concentration

If the concentration of a sugar solution is lower outside the cell than inside the cell, which of the following will happen by osmosis?

Sugar will move into the cell

Water will move into the cell.

Sugar will move out of the cell

An ion channel is a transport protein that

moves substances against a concentration gradient

pumps ions only out of a cell.

serves as a tunnel for specific substances.

Molecules that are too large to be moved through the cell membrane can be transported into the cell by

osmosis

endocytosis

exocytosis.

second messenger

binds only to the signals that match the specific shape of its binding sitechemical that carries information

to cells acts as a signal molecule within the cell unique shape of the outer part of

a protein

binding site

binds only to the signals that match the specific shape of its binding sitechemical that carries information

to cells acts as a signal molecule within the cell unique shape of the outer part of

a protein

receptor protein

binds only to the signals that match the specific shape of its binding sitechemical that carries information

to cells acts as a signal molecule within the cell unique shape of the outer part of

a protein

signal

binds only to the signals that match the specific shape of its binding sitechemical that carries information

to cells acts as a signal molecule within the cell unique shape of the outer part of

a protein

Which cell is in a hypertonic solution?

Which cell is in a hypotonic solution?

Which cell is in a isotonic solution?

Which part(s) of the lipid bilayer is polar?

Which part(s) of the lipid bilayer is nonpolar?

Which part of the cell membrane identifies the cell type?

phospholipid bilayer

receptor proteins

transport protein

cell-surface markers

Which of these statements is true about the cell membrane?

The outer surfaces are polar, while the interior is nonpolar

The outer surfaces are nonpolar, while the interior is polar.

Polar and nonpolar regions are randomly arranged throughout the membrane.

A layer of water within the membrane causes the membrane to form as a lipid bilayer.

By controlling what enters and leave a cell, the cell membrane

aids in maintaining homeostasis within the cell.

aids in maintaining homeostasis outside of the cell.

aids in maintaining osmosis within the cell.

aids in maintaining osmosis outside of the cell

Which kind of molecules can pass unaided through the cell membrane?

small, polar molecules

small, nonpolar molecules

polar molecules of a specific shape

nonpolar molecules of a specific shape

Diffusion is the movement of a substance

only in liquids.

through only a lipid bilayer.

down its concentration gradient.

against its concentration gradient.

When particles move out of a cell through facilitated diffusion, the cell

gains energy

uses energy.

first gains and then uses energy.

does not experience any change related to energy.

The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called

endocytosis

exocytosis.

osmosis

isotonic movement

Molecules that are too large to be moved through a cell membrane can be transported into the cell by

osmosis

endocytosis

exocytosis.

membrane proteins.

If the concentration of a sugar solution is lower outside the cell than inside the cell, which of the following will happen by osmosis?

Sugar will move into the cell.

Water will move into the cell

Water will move out of the cell

Both (a) and (c)

What is the purpose of the sodium-potassium pump?

to remove sodium from a cell, against its concentration gradient

to remove potassium from a cell, against its concentration gradient

to remove sodium from a cell and bring potassium into a cell, against their concentration gradients

Both (a) and (b)

Which of these always involves the movement of a vesicle?

diffusion

facilitated diffusion

endocytosis

All of the above

Which of the following occurs when a molecule fits into the binding site of a receptor protein on a cell’s surface?

The receptor can open an ion channel in the cell membrane

The receptor can act as an enzyme, causing chemical changes in the cytoplasm.

The receptor can cause the formation of a second messenger.

All of the above

Which type of membrane protein transmits information into the cell by responding to signal molecules?

receptor protein

channel protei

carrier protein

glycoprotein

What does a second messenger always do?

sends a signal to another cel

binds with a signal molecule from another cell

activates an enzyme within a cell

carries a signal within a cell